+Unit+3+Sports+and+fitness+基础知识梳理学案 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

必修一Unit3基础知识梳理学案ratherthan而不是（1）wouldratherdosththandosthwoulddosthratherthandosth（2）otherthan不同于；除了……外morethan多于；不仅仅；非常单句语法填空①Itwasthetwinsratherthantheirfatherthat（take）thebreakfastupstairswhentheirmothercamehome.②Facinguptoyourproblemsratherthan（pretend）nottoseethemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsout.完成句子③他喜欢听音乐而不喜欢看电视。Heisfondoflisteningtomusic.④我要坚持到成功，而不是半途而废。IwillpersistuntilIsucceed.【点津】（1）ratherthan前后连接的词的词性通常是一致的。（2）ratherthan后接动词时，动词的形式通常和前面动词的形式一致。2.strengthn.力量；体力（1）havethestrengthtodosth有力量/意志做某事buildupone’sstrength/body增强某人的体质strengthsandweaknesses优势和劣势withallone’sstrength用尽全力（2）strengthenvt.&vi.加强；巩固单句语法填空①（2022·1月浙江卷）Knowingmy（strength）andweaknessesalltoowell,Idecidedtofocusonthetaskofworkingwiththesubjects.②（2022·全国乙卷）（strengthen）theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia.完成句子③骑自行车的优点在于它是一种环保的锻炼方式。itisanenvironmentallyfriendlywayofexercising.3.makeadifference有作用或影响makeadifferenceto...对……有作用/有影响makesome/no/littledifference（to...）（对……）有一些/没有作用或影响tellthedifference（between...and...）辨别/区分（……与……）单句语法填空①Thetwinsaresoalike,it’sdifficulttotellthe（differ）betweenthem.②（2023·全国甲卷）（difference）fromtraditionalfables,Carson’sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.完成句子③有时仅仅一件小小的善举也能产生巨大的影响，它使得这个世界更加美丽和谐。（读后续写之主旨升华）Sometimes，makingtheworldmorebeautifulandpetevi.竞争；对抗（1）competein参加……比赛competewith与……竞争competewith/against...for...为争取……而与……竞争（2）competitionn.比赛；竞争competitiveadj.竞争的；有竞争力的competitorn.竞争者；对手单句语法填空①Fromthe（compete）Ihaveunderstoodmoreaboutthesaying“nopain,nogain”.②（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Thewhistlewentoffandthe（compete）begantotaketheirplaces.完成句子③尽管这是一场竞争激烈的比赛，但是真正重要的不是冠军称号，而是参与者在比赛中所展示出来的决心。notthetitleofchampionshipbutthedeterminationthatparticipantsshowedduringtherace.5.giveup放弃；投降givein（tosb/sth）屈服，投降giveout分发；用光；精疲力竭giveaway赠送；泄露giveoff散发（光和热等）givewayto给……让路单句语法填空①Althoughhedidn’tadmitthathehadcheatedintheexam，hisfacialexpressiongavehim.②（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Seeinghisfacefilledwithanxiety，IknewDavidwouldgiveparticipatinginthecross-countryteam.完成句子③简的精力已经耗尽了。她的脚像灌了铅一样沉重，她瘫坐在树旁，失控地哭起来。.Herfeetfeltasheavyasleadandsheslumpedbesideatree，weepingwithoutcontrol.6.determinationn.决心；决定（1）withdetermination坚决地（2）determinevt.决定；确定；下定决心determineon/upon决定bedeterminedby由……决定（3）determinedadj.坚决的；有决心的bedeterminedtodosth决心做某事（表示状态）单句语法填空①The（determine）lookonhisfaceshowedthathehadenoughconfidenceinhimself.完成句子②我决心很好地组织这次主题班会，因此写信征求你关于哪些中国传统文化最吸引外国人的意见。（2021·全国甲卷）,IamwritingtoaskyouforadviceonwhichtraditionalChineseculturesattractforeignersmost.（分词短语作状语）7.句型公式：Sb/Sthseems/seemed＋动词不定式，表示“看来……；好像……”（1）Sb/Sthseems/seemed＋动词不定式＝Itseems/seemedthat...（2）含seem的常用句型还有：Itseems＋adj./n.＋todo...看起来好像……Itseemsasif/though...看起来好像……Thereseems（tobe）...看起来有……教材原句Inthefinalsecondsofagame，Jordanalwaysseemedtofindawaytowin.在一场比赛的最后几秒，乔丹似乎总能找到获胜的方法。完成句子/一句多译①要在短时间内背会这么多生词似乎很难。somanynewwordsbyheartinashorttime.②生意似乎有好转的希望。thatbusinesswillgetbetter.③他的嘴里似乎充满了血，他的眼睛因愤怒而发红。→andhiseyeswereredwithanger.→andhiseyeswereredwithanger.8.honourn.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸v.尊敬；尊重（1）behonouredfor...因……而受到尊敬behonouredas...被尊为……be/feelhonouredtodosth做某事感到荣幸（2）It’sanhonourforsbtodosth对某人来说做某事很荣幸inhonourof...＝inmemoryof向……表示敬意；为纪念……单句语法填空①（2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）It’sbeenanhonor（watch）thepandaprogrammedevelopandtoseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.②TheChinesescientistTuYouyou（honour）withtheNoblePrizeforhercontributionintreatingmalariain2015.一句多译③我很荣幸为大家做一个题为“携手共进，共创未来”的演讲。→titled“Togetherforasharedfuture”.→titled“Togetherforasharedfuture”.9.injurevt.使受伤；损害（1）injureone’shealth损害某人的健康injureone’sfeelings伤害某人的感情（2）injuredadj.受伤的；有伤的theinjured伤员（3）injuryn.伤害；损伤单句语法填空①Hearinghewasn’t（injure）inthecaraccident,everyonebreathedasighofrelief.②（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）Oncethere,Lenouewasassessedandlatertakentoahospital，whereshelearnedthatshehadserious（injure）inoneofherknees.完成句子③他们熟练地将伤者移走，在紧急情况下表现得十分冷静。（读后续写之脱困描写）Theyandweresocoolintheemergency.makesense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚（1）makesenseof理解；明白Itmakes（no）sensetodosth做某事（没）有道理/意义（2）inasense从某种意义上说innosense决不（用在句首时，句子使用部分倒装）Thereisnosenseindoingsth做某事没道理/意义单句语法填空①Itdoesn’tmakesense（buy）thecheapestcomputerju