初中英语语法三大从句总结

初中英语语法三大从句总结，仅此一份，建议转发收藏！（转给孩子）

在初中英语中，主要有三大从句，即宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句（包括时间、条件、结

果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。

颜老师今天跟大家分享的就是这三个从句的主要语法点，赶紧转给孩子学起来！

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-1-

宾语从句

一、定义

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。

二、连接词

that:Ithinkthatyoucanpasstheexam.

Whether/if:Idon'tknowwhatthewordmeans.

〃Wh〃：Idon'tknowwhatthewordmeans.

Idon'tknowwherehefoundthebook.

只用whether的情况：

1.与ornot连用:

Idon'tknowwhetherit'srainingornot.

2.与动词不定式连用：

Hedoesn/tknowwhethertoaccepttheinvitation.

3.连接词前有介词时：

Itdepends>

三、时态

1.主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)

Shewantstoknowwhathehasdonefortheexam.

2.主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。

1)Shesaidthatshewasastudent.

2)ShesaidthatshewouldflytoJapaninaweek.

3)Shesaidthatshehadfinishedherhomeworkalready.

3.如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。

Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.

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定语从句

一、定义

在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。

二、先行词

先行词指人who/that

先行词指物which/that

定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词（即先行词）后

三、关系代词

关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分，所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词

四、翻译方法〃.…的〃

Whom:先行词指人，则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语（包括介词的宾语）,与who的

区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom

1.Thisistheteacherwhomwhowelikebest.

2.1don'tliketheboytowhomyouaretalking.

Whose:指人或物,作定语，表示W的”

eg:Harryistheboywhosemotherisourmathteacher.

关系代词只能that的特殊情况：

L先行词前有序数词修饰时：

Thisisthefirstgiftthatmyparentsboughtme.

2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时：

ThisisthemostexcitingfilmthatIhaveeverseen.

3.先行词是不定代词something,anything等时.

e.g.Isthereanythingthatyouwantinthisshop

4.先行词是人和物时，用that.

e.g.Hetalkedaboutsomewritersandbooksthatwereunknowntousall.

5.先行词被all,little,the>e.g.ThisisthelastplacethatIwanttovisit.

6.特殊疑问句以who或which开头，只能用that引导.

Whoisthegirlthatismakingaspeech>

当关系代词前使用介词时：

物+介词+which;人+介词+whom

当关系代词前使用介词时.：

e.g.1.ThisisthetrainbywhichwewenttoBeijing.

2.Thisistheteachertowhommymotheristalking.

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状语从句

一、定义

在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定

语或状语，或是整个句子。

二、状语从句一般分为八大类

时间状语从句地点状语从句

原因状语从句目的状语从句

结果状语从句条件状语从句

方式状语从句让步状语从句

1.时间状语从句

When一当......时候，通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。

WhenIopenedthewindow,Isawhimcomeup.

When-正在......的时候，突然…通常主句是进行时或beaboutto时，在翻译的时候,

when可以译成没想到或突然。

Iwaswalkingalongthestreet,whenImethim.

When当从句是进行时，主句是一般时，往往表示不满。

SomeoneknockedatthedoorwhenIwashavingbreakfast.

When=after

Whenthechildrenhadgonetobed,shebegantoprepareherlessons.

While—在……期间，往往指一段时间。

WhilewewereinAmerica,wesawhimtwice.

While-表示一种不满情绪，意思是这边在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享受等。

Wearecleaningtheclassroomwhiletheyareplayingthefootball.

As一—边……一边，随着

Shewasdoingherhomeworkasshewaslisteningtothemusic.

As-当……时，指一个动作紧接着一个动作发生，从句通常用进行时。

AsIwasgoingout,itbegantorain.

Themoment一—..就..=assoonas,immediately,

—DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?

---YeszIgaveherthemomentIsawher.

Not...until-一直至lj....才

Hedidn'tleavetheofficeuntilhefinishedthework.

Before—在..之前

Thepassengersshouldarriveattheairportanhourbeforetheflightdeparts.

After—在......之后

Thecustomerlefttheticketcounterafterhehadaquarrelwiththeticketagent.

Since一自从......,通常主句用现在完成时

IhaveneverbeenthereagainsinceIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.

Itisjustaweeksincewearrivedhere.

Assoonas――.....就..

Jackwenttoschoolassoonashegotwell.

Nosoonerthan一—..就..

nosooner...than...用于句首要求倒装

Hardly...when...

Scarcely...when...

Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewentawayagain.

Once一一但..就..

Onceyouseehim,youwillneverforgethim.

Everytime,eachtime每次whenever每当

Eachtimehecametotown,hewouldvisitourschool.

2.条件状语从句

引导状语从句的连接词有：

If如果,unless除非，aslongas只要,As(so)faras一据..所知，incase万一，providedthat假

如,〉

If一如果

Ifyoudon'thurryup,youwillmisstheplane.

Unless—如果不，除非二ifnot

Wecan'tgetthere>

Aslongas—只要

Wewillsucceedaslongaswekeep>

As(so)faras—据……所知

AsfarasIknow,hespeaksEnglishverywell.

Incase一假使，如果

Theplanecannottakeoffincaseitrains.

Providedthat如果，有时省略that

Theplanewillbeingoodconditionprovidedthatitistakencareofcarefully.

Onconditionthat—条件是…

Hesaidthathewouldcometothemeeting>

注:主从句的动作发生在将来时，则主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。

Ifhearrivestomorrow,Iwillbewaitingforhimattheairport.

3.地点状语从句

地点状语从句只有两个连词:Where,wherever

Where—在……地方

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

Wherever—无论哪里

Whereveryouare,Iwillberighttherewaitingforyou.

4.原因状语从句

because,as,since,nowthat,和consideringthat,seeingthat这六个连词都用于表示表示原因,

但在语气上一个比一个弱.

Because—因为，通常从句放在主句后.

MrSmithwasveryupsetbecausehecouldn'tfindhisluggage.

As-因为，通常放在句首

Asheishonestandmodest,allhisfriendslikehim.

Since---既然因语气较弱，常译为既然(众所周知的原因)

Sinceeverybodyhascome,wecansetoff.

Nowthat---既然

Nowthatyouarehere,youcanjoinus.

consideringthat一顾及到

Consideringthattheyarejustbeginners,theyaredoingquiteagoodjob.

seeingthat——由于

Seeing(that)quiteafewpeoplewereabsent,wedecidedtoputthemeetingoff.

5.结果状语从句

引导结果状语从句的连词有：that,sothat,so...that...

such...thatSo...that—太......以至于so后面应用形容词或副词，有时省略so只用that

Boeing747issolargethatpeopleliketocallitjetbomb喷气炸弹.

Sothat—因而，以便，为了有时so可以省去

Speaklouderpleasesothatthepeopleatthebackcanhearyou.

Such...that...—太......以至于用法与so...that相同，但such后面应用名词。

Theforeignvisitorwassuchafastspeakerthatnobodycouldunderstandhim.

6.目的状语从句

引导目的状语从句的主要连词有:that,sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,lest

(So)that—以便，从句中常常使用一些情态动词,如：can,could,may,might,should等

Let/stakethefrontseats(so)thatwemayseemoreclearly.

inorderthat一为了，与sothat相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can,could,may,

might,should等

Schoolwasclosedearlyinorderthatthechildrenmightgohomeaheadofthestorm.

forfearthat-生怕；为了防止(某事发生)

Hetookthenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit.

incase—万一

Youshouldbringadictionaryincaseyouneedit.

Lest—以防万一

Themandecidedtotellhisbossthefactlesthewouldbeangrywithhim.

7.让步状语从句

引导让步状语从句的连词有:Although,though,as,evenif,eventhough,nomatter,however,

whatever,while,whether.

Although,though—虽然although和though可以互换，但although常放在句首。Though

可以用于倒装。

Althoughitwasraining,theplanemanagedtotakeoff.

Thoughhedidhisbest,hedidn/tsucceed.

As-尽管as引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装。可与though互换