新教材2024版高中英语Unit5LearningfromnatureSectionBUsinglanguage学生用书外研版选择性必修第三册

SectionBUsinglanguage►第一版块|重点词汇1．employvt.应用，运用，运用；雇用❶Thechildrenshouldbetaughthowtoemploytheirsparetimeproperly.孩子们应当被教会怎样恰当地利用他们的空闲时间。❷Hiselderbrotherisemployedasacookinabigrestaurant.他的哥哥受雇于一家大饭店当厨师。❸Everyautumn,theyemploycasualworkerstopickthefruit.每年秋天，他们雇用临时工摘水果。❹Shewasemployedinmakingalistofalltheworktobedonethisweek.她忙着把这周全部要做的工作列一个清单。employsb.as...雇用某人为……employsb.todosth.雇用某人做某事beemployedin(doing)sth.从事于，忙于(做)某事[联想串记]相关词语积累：employvt.应用，运用，运用；雇用employeen．[C]受雇者，雇工，雇员employern．[C]雇用者，雇主，老板employmentn．[U，C]工作，职业，受雇；[U]就业；雇用full-time/part-timeemployment全职/兼职工作[即学活用]单句语法填空①Hismotherisemployed________anaccountant(会计)inaninternationalcompany.②Thecollegeactuallyemployedher________(take)overtheDNAproject.③MyfriendChrishasbeenemployed________writinganewbookthesedays.④________ratehasincreasedrecently.Thereasonisthatalotofcompanieswantto________enoughworkers.Also,________offerhigherpaytothequalified________(employ).2.seeksolutionsto寻求……的解决方法(to是介词)❶Thecompanyisstillseekingsolutionstoitscurrentproblems.公司仍在寻求解决目前问题的方法。❷Wehaven'tfoundthesolutionyet,butI'msurewe'reontherighttrack.我们还没有找到解决方法，但我确定我们的思路是对的。thesolutionto...……的解决方法(to是介词)lookforasolution找寻解决方法find/comeupwithasolution找到/想出解决方法provide/offerasolution供应解决方法[联想拓展]短语中的to是介词，类似的结构有：anapproachto一种……的方法theanswertothequestion问题的答案thekeytosuccess胜利的关键[即学活用]单句语法填空①Ihavetriedveryhardtofindasolution________theproblem,butinvain.②Theyhavebeguntolookseriouslyintothereasonsandseek________(solve)totheproblem.③Increasingemploymentisoneofthesolutionsto________(reduce)crimes.完成句子④Allyouhadtodowasthinkalittleharderand______________________(想出一个新的解决方法).3.takeinspirationfrom从……中获得灵感❶TheartisttookinspirationfromAfricanart.这位艺术家从非洲艺术中获得灵感。❷Thewritercan'tcompletetheworkbecausehelacksinspiration.该作家无法完成这部作品，因为他缺乏灵感。❸Manypoetsandartistshavedrawntheirinspirationfromnature.很多诗人和艺术家都从大自然中得到灵感。draw/getinspirationfrom从……中得到灵感provideinspirationfor为……供应灵感lookfor/seekinspiration找寻灵感need/lackinspiration须要/缺乏灵感[归纳拓展]inspiresb.todosth.激励某人去做某事beinspiredby受……的鼓舞[即学活用]单句语法填空①Scientiststakeinspiration________naturetomaketheirbreakthrough.②Hedrewmuch________(inspire)fromartproducedbychildrenandbyprimitivecultures.完成句子③Theseahas______________________________(为……供应灵感)manyofhispaintings.④IcannotfinishtheworktodaybecauseI____________________________________(缺乏灵感).4.besupposedtodo(按规定、习惯、支配等)应当，应当，须；一般认为，普遍认为❶—Wasn'tJanesupposedtobeherebynow?简现在不是应当已经到这儿了吗？—Don'tworry.Shewillbehereinabouttwentyminutes.别担忧。她大约二特殊钟后到。❷Youarenotsupposedtoparkyourcarinfrontofthegateofthehospital.你不能把你的车停在医院门口。[归纳拓展]与suppose相关的其他搭配：besupposedtohavedone(＝shouldhavedone)本应当做而事实上未做supposesb./sth.(tobe)认为某人/某物(是)……[即学活用]单句语法填空①Youthisanespeciallyimportantstageforus,wherewearesupposed________(try)everythingmeaningfulbecausenothingisimpossible.②—Jack,lookwhatyouhavedone.Youaresupposed________(finish)yourhomeworkbynow.—Sorry,MissLee.I'llhurryup.③Childrenaresupposed________(allow)tovoicetheiropinions,thoughtheiropinionsmaybedifferentfromtheirparents'.5.becreditedwith被认为……；认为……是……的功劳❶Thecompanyiscreditedwithinventingtheindustrialrobot.独创工业机器人是那家公司的功劳。❷Heiscreditedwithoriginatinganewprintingprocess.人们发觉他独创了一种新的印刷方法。becreditedtosb./sth.归功于某人/某事；某人/某事是……发生的缘由[即学活用]完成句子①他被认为是独创第一架真正的直升机的人。He________________inventingthefirsttruehelicopter.②公司的胜利归功于她。She________________makingthebusinessasuccess.③MuchofManchesterUnited'ssuccesscan________________(归功于)theirmanager.识登记列单词和短语①wisdomn.才智wiseadj.明智的②sow(sowed—sowed/sown)v．播种sowtheseedsof播下……的种子③inminiature小规模的，小型的④varyfrom...to...在……到……之间变更⑤succeedindoingsth.胜利做成某事⑥crashinto撞到……⑦comeabout发生，产生⑧leadsb.todosth.导致/促使/引领某人做某事⑨avoiddoingsth.避开做某事⑩bullet-proofclothing防弹衣►其次版块|重点句型(教材P53)NowhereisthisbetterillustratedthaninthebeautifulLingeringGardenofSuzhou.没有什么地方比漂亮的苏州留园更能说明这一点。[句式解构]本句运用了“否定词＋比较级”结构，否定词nowhere与比较级better连用，表示最高级含义。“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义(1)基本结构：否定词＋形容词或副词的比较级(＋than)。(2)常用的否定词：no,not,never,nothing,nobody,nowhere,hardly等。(3)意义：再没有更……的了，再……不过了。❶Nothingismorepreciousthanhealth.健康是最珍贵的。❷Ihaveneverseenamoreenergeticman.我从未见过比他精力更足够的人。❸Icouldn'tagreemore.我完全同意/再同意不过了。[即学活用]单句语法填空①Noonecouldbe________(generous);hehasaheartofgold.②Mr.Stevensonisgreattoworkfor—Ireallycouldn'taskfora________(good)boss.③Nothingis________(pleasant)thanstayinghomelisteningtomusic.④Theweathercouldn'tbe________(bad),sowewillnotgoout.⑤Isuddenlyrealisednobodywas________(happy)thanIwas.语法导入——非谓语作主语，表语和宾语语法新知·对接课堂1.语法现象感知①Toloveandtobelovedisthegreatesthappinessonecanget.②Learningaboutalanguageiseasierthanusingit.③Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.④Itisrudetoturnyourbacktoyourteacherandrefusetoanswer.⑤Iintendedtohavecalledonyou,butwaspreventedfromdoingso.⑥Hiswishistobecomeateacher.⑦Hisjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.⑧Theydidn'tmindbeingtreatedlikeguests.2．语法规则理解(1)依据①⑤⑥句可知，不定式在句中分别作________，________和________。(2)依据②⑦⑧句可知，动词的-ing形式在句中分别作________，________和________。(3)依据③④句可知，it在句中作________。语法探究·核心突破非谓语作主语、表语和宾语非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，包括动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式。非谓语动词除了不能作句子的谓语外，可以担当句子的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补足语。1．非谓语动词的形式形式时态主动式被动式不定式一般时todotobedone完成时tohavedonetohavebeendone进行时tobedoing/动词-ing形式一般时doingbeingdone完成时havingdonehavingbeendone动词-ed形式一般时/done2.非谓语动词的句法功能句法功能主语宾语表语定语状语补足语不定式√√√√√√过去分词√√√√动词-ing形式√√√√√√3.非谓语动词作主语、表语和宾语的用法(1)非谓语动词作主语①不定式作主语一般表示详细某一次的动作。常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语不定式结构放在句末，以使句子保持平衡。[1]Toclimbthemountainishardworkbuttogodownthemountainisgreatfun.上山很艰难，下山却很好玩。[2]Nomatterhowbrightatalkeryouare,therearetimeswhenit'sbettertoremainsilent.不论你多么能说会道，有些时候保持缄默会更好。②动词-ing形式作主语常表示抽象的、泛指的概念；也可用it作形式主语，将真正的主语动名词结构放在句末。常用于固定句型：It'sawasteoftimedoing...；It'snouse/gooddoing...；Itisuselessdoing...；[3]Knowingbasicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklytoemergencies.驾驭基本的急救技能将有助于你在遇到紧急状况时快速作出反应。[4]Itisnousecomplainingwithouttakingaction.不实行行动而只是埋怨是没有用的。(2)非谓语动词作表语①不定式作表语常用来表示将要发生的动作，也可用来表示将来的可能性和假设；但当不定式所作的表语仅用来说明主语的内容时，这时的不定式只作单纯的表语，而不具有将来的含义。[1]Hiswishistobeadoctorinthefuture.他的愿望是将来当一名医生。[2]Myjobistocleantheroomseveryday.我的工作是每天打扫房间。②动词-ing形式作表语多指抽象的、概念性的动作，可以是多次的、常常性的行为。[3]Ourjobisplayingallkindsofmusic.我们的工作是演奏各种各样的音乐。③过去分词作表语过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态或主语的感受，这时过去分词可以看作一个形容词，是形容词化的过去分词。常见的有seated,surprised,astonished,amazed,moved,exhausted,worried,devoted,pleased,inspired,encouraged,excited,delighted,satisfied,scared,frightened,disappointed等。[4]ThisquotationfromWinstonChurchilltellsusthatweshouldn'tgetdiscouragedrightafterfailures.温斯顿·丘吉尔的这句名言告知我们，失败后我们不应当气馁。(3)非谓语动词作宾语①动词不定式作宾语有些动词后面只能用动词不定式作宾语。这些词有：hope,wish,expect,long,agree,promise,undertake,want,aim,plan,desire,arrange,manage,learn,decide,determine,attempt,pretend,choose,offer,demand,refuse,threaten,prepare等。[1]Wehopetofindsomethingcompletelynewthatwillchangeourunderstandingoftheuniverse.我们希望找到一些全新的东西，能变更我们对宇宙的理解的东西。特殊留意：动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但是个别介词如except等，可以接不定式作宾语。[2]Marywouldnotspeaktohimexcepttoanswerquestions.除了回答问题外，玛丽是不会和他讲话的。②动名词作宾语动名词跟在及物动词后作宾语。常接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)有：admit承认advise建议allow允许appreciate感谢avoid避开consider考虑delay推迟deny否认discuss探讨dislike不宠爱enjoy宠爱escape逃脱；躲避excuse宽恕fancy宠爱；想要finish完成forbid禁止forgive宽恕giveup放弃imagine想象keep保持mind介意miss错过pardon宽恕permit允许practise练习prevent阻挡putoff推迟risk冒险suggest建议feellike想要[3]Hemanagedtoescapesufferingfromthedisease.他设法避开了患上那种疾病。[4]Prof.Smithconsideredgivinghisstudentsareadinglistbeforetheystartedthenextchapter.史密斯教授考虑在学生们起先学习下一章之前给他们一份读书清单。[5]Thesuspectdeniedturningonthecomputerintheofficethatnight.犯罪嫌疑人否认自己那晚开过办公室的电脑。特殊留意：下列动词后的动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。[6]Yourcarneedsfilling.你的车该充气了。[7]Thiscitydeservesvisiting.这座城市值得巡游。[8]Theproblemrequiresstudyingcarefully.这个问题须要细致探讨。③动名词可以跟在介词后面作宾语。[9]I'mlookingforwardtoyourcomingnexttime.我期盼着您的下一次到来。[10]Theyareagainstusingsomanyanimalsinexperiments.他们反对用如此多的动物去做试验。[11]Heapologisedforinterruptingus.他为打断了我们的谈话而向我们致歉。[12]Thankyouforofferingmesomuchhelp.感谢你给我供应了这么多帮助。特殊留意：有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语也可跟动名词作宾语，但意思上有差别。eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(forget/rememberdoingsth.遗忘/记得做过某事,forget/remembertodosth.遗忘/记得去做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(regretdoingsth.对做过某事表示懊悔,regrettosay/inform/tell...很缺憾地说/通知/告知……))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(meantodosth.准备做某事,meandoingsth.意味着做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(trytodosth.尽力做某事,trydoingsth.尝试着做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(goondoingsth.接着做原来做的事,goontodosth.接着干别的事情))Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Theyalsohadasmallp________inwhichtheyraisedfish.2．Seedsoftheseplantsare________(播种)inspring,andafewdayslater,theywillsprout(发芽).3．Generallyspeaking,theoldareabletogiveusgoodadviceduetotheirexperienceand________(才智).4．Thelocal________(医生)werebroughtintoresearchintothecauseofthefluepidemic.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．LastSaturday,ourmonitorsuggested________(go)totheoldfolks'hometohelpthem.2．Mary's________(be)absentfromthepartymadeallofusdepressed.3．Doyouremember________(borrow)meanovel?Pleasedon'tforget________(return)ittomenextweekend,Bob.4．—Whatmakesyousoupset?—________(lose)threeticketstothepopmusicconcert.5．Youdidn'tneed________(tell)himthenews;itjustmadehimsad.6．Allofusagreeditisnecessary________(collect)relatedmaterialbeforewebegantowriteareport.7．InHangzhou,borrowingbooksfromthelibrary________(be)nowassimpleandconvenientasshoppingonline:click,payandwaitfordelivery.8．Ithinkitisnogood________(have)anothertalkwithhimonthematter.9．________(she)notcomingbackmadeherparentsworried.10．Peopleenjoy________(work)withhimbecausehehasagoodsenseofhumour.11．Afterhefinished___