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Module5ALessoninaLab卮陟练
一、阅读理解
(-)
ThestrengthofTCWilliamsHighSchoolinAlexandria,Virginiaisitsdiversity(多样性),says
ShawnLowe,ascienceteacherattheschool.Herstudentsareinterestedindoingsciencefairprojects,
butdon'thaveenoughmoneytopursuethem.
“Havingequipmentavailableallowseverystudenttopursuetheirquestionsandcarryoutreal
scienceresearch,regardlessofsocioeconomicmeans,"shesaid.
Fortunately,aSTEMResearchGrantfromtheSocietyforScience&thePublichasallowed
Shawntobuymuch-neededequipment.Sofarthisyear,shehassupported24studentsasthey
completedprojectstopresentatsciencefairs—threetimesthepreviousnumberofstudents.
“Withoutthegrant,Iwouldnothavehadthefreedomtobuytheequipmentneeded,nShawnsaid.
“Thegranthasdirectlyinfluencedabout20sciencefairprojectsthatwouldotherwisenotbeavailable.It
alsoprovidesopportunitiesthisyearforabout40students,andwillexpandinthenextfewmonthsas
mystudentsshowwhattheyaredoingtoelementaryandmiddleschoolstudents,encouragingmore
studentstocarryouthands-onscientificinquiry,“Shawnsaid.
TheSTEMResearchGrantalsoallowedShawntobuymaterialsforagroupofstudentstobuilda
drone(无人机).^Withoutthesematerials,wewouldnothavebeenabletobuildadrone,and
wouldn'thavehadaproject.Theinfluencehasbeenhuge.Withthesematerials,wehavebeenableto
createamachinethatwillbeabletoflyautomatically(自动地).Weareproudofit,Mthestudents
explained.
ThegrantmayhavedirectlyaffectedtheseyoungscientistswhiletheystudyatTCWilliamsHigh
School,butitsimpactintheirliveswon'tendthere.ManywillgoontostudySTEMsubjectsincollege,
includingthestudentswhobuiltthedroneandwhoplanonbecomingengineers.
1.Whatdifficultydothestudentshaveindoingsciencefairprojects?
A.Theyareshortofmoney.
B.Theylackprofessionalguidance.
C.Theydon'tgetthesupportoftheschool.
D.Theydon'thaveconfidenceaftermanyfailures.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“grant"inParagraph4mostprobablymean?
A.Money.B.Interest.
C.Agreement.D.Equipment.
3.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordHitnrefertoinParagraph5?
A.Thedrone.B.Theinfluence.
C.Theproject.D.Thegrant.
4.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?
A.Howtobecomeanengineer.
B.Howtochooseasuitableuniversity.
C.Thedifferentchoicesofstudentsafterhighschool.
D.Thegreatinfluenceofdoingscienceprojectsatschool.
(二)
A
Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleora
pieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.Youcanalsouseothersenseswhenyou
chooseyourfood.Youmaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgood.Youmaydislike
sometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlook,smellortasteverynice.Differentanimalsusedifferent
sensestofindandchoosetheirfood.Afewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenses,whilemost
animalsusemorethanonesense.
Althoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffood,someanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyone
type.Thegiantpandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo.Otheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffood
evenwhengiventhechoice.Akindofwhitebutterflywillstayontheleavesofacabbage,eventhough
thereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.However,mostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet(多
样化饮食).Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimals,birdsandfruits.Thedietofthese
animalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.
Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodfor
us.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritain,peopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthem
overweight,whichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproducts,suchas
butter,canalsobebadforthehealth.Choosingtherightfood,therefore,hasbecomeanareaof
studyinmodernlife.
1.WecaninferfromParagraph1thathumansandanimals
A.dependonthesamesenseinchoosingfood
B.choosefoodbytheirlookandsmell
C.choosefoodinsimilarways
D.eatentirelydifferentfood
2.Whatanimaleatsonlyonetypeoffood?
A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.Thesmallbird.
C.Thebear.D.Thefox.
3.Whenwillanimalschangetheirchoiceoffood?
A.Theseasonchanges.
B.Thefoodcolorchanges.
C.Theymovetodifferentplaces.
D.Theyareattractedbydifferentsmells.
4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?
A.FrenchandBritishfoodisgood.
B.Foodischosenforagoodreason.
C.Somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffood.
D.Somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydiet.
B
Humanbeingsuseanimalsforawidevarietyofpurposes,includingresearch.Bystudyinganimals,
itispossibletolearninformationthatcannotbelearnedinanyotherway.Animalsareusedinresearch
whenthereisaneedtofindoutwhathappensinthewholelivingbody.Therearefourmainreasons
whyanimalsareusedinresearch.
Addingtoscientificknowledgethroughbasicbiologicalresearchhelpsusunderstandhowliving
thingswork,andusethatunderstandingforthebenefitofbothhumansandanimals.Thestudyof
animalsisanimportantpartofthewholeresearchprocess.Thebodiesofanimalsarelikehumans,in
thewaythattheyperformmanyimportantfunctionssuchasbreathing,movement,sight,andhearing.
Totreatdisease,doctorsandscientistsmustunderstandhowthehealthybodyworks.
Humansandanimalssharehundredsoilinesses,soanimalscanactasmodelsforthestudyof
humanillness.Forexample,rabbitssufferfromemphysema(肺气肿),alungproblemthatmakes
ithardtocatchtheirbreath.Dogssufferfromcancer,bleedingdisordersandsoon.Catssufferfrom
someofthesamevisionlossashumans.Fromsuchmodelswelearnhowdiseaseaffectsthebodyand
more.
Onceresearcherslearnmoreaboutaparticulardisease,animalsareusedtodevelopandtestthe
treatments.Forexample,medicinesforParkinson'sdiseasehavebeendevelopedbyusinganimal
modelswithParkinson*s-likesymptoms(症状).Modelssuchastheseareanimportantpartofusing
biologicalresearchtosolverealmedicalproblems.
Newmedicinesneedtestingbecauseresearchersmusttestboththebeneficialandtheharmful
effectsofamedicineonalivingbody.Amedicinemustbetestedinasuitableanimalmodelbefore
clinicaltrials(临床试验)inhumanscantakeplace.
5.AccordingtoParagraph2,whyareanimalsusedinresearch?
A.Theymaybehealthierthanhumans.
B.Theirbodiesaresimplerthanhumans,.
C.Theymayhavethesamediseasesashumans.
D.Theirbodiesarelikehumans1inmanyfunctions.
6.HowdoestheauthorsupporthisstatementinParagraph3?
A.Bylistingfigures.
B.Bygivingexamples.
C.Bycomparinghumanswithanimals.
D.Byshowingsomeresearchfindings.
7.TheauthormentionsParkinson'sdiseaseto__.
A.introduceanewdiscoveryofmedicine
B.provethatanimalshavethesamedisease
C.explainhowtouseanimalsfortestingnewmedicines
D.givesmoreinformationaboutParkinson'ssymptoms
8.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?
A.Testinganewmedicineonanimalsisamust.
B.Notallnewmedicinescanbetestedinanimals.
C.Newmedicinesmustbefirsttestedinanimalmodels.
D.Notallmedicineshavebothbeneficialandharmfuleffects.
(三)
A
ASouthKoreanmanandthe21ducklingshehasbeenraisingashischildreneversincethey
hatchedhavebeenbreakingtheinternetwiththeiramazingbond.Avideothatrecentlywentviralinthe
westernworldshowsthecutebirdsfollowingtheir“mother“onamountainhikeandlisteningtohisevery
command(指令).
Themiddle-agedman,whosenameisnotrevealedinthevideo,hasbeentakingcareofhis21
ducklingseversincetheywereeggs,makingsuretheincubation(孵化)periodwentsmoothly,and
evenhelpingthetinybirdsbreakthroughtheirshellwhenitcametimetohatch.Hewasthefirstthing
theylaideyesoninthisworld,andhehasremainedthemostimportantfigureintheirlivessince.
Ducklingsnaturallyfollowtheirmotheraround,andsincethemanwastheonewhoactedastheir
mother,thesebirdsfollowhimeverywhere,evenupamountain.Tothemifsonlynatural,butthe
middle-agedmanconsidersittrainingandconditioningforthetimewhenhefinallyreleases(释放)
themintothewild.Hewouldlovetoraisethemallaspets,butknowsthatwouldn'tbeidealforhimor
thebirds,sohe'smakingsurethattheyarestrongenoughtosurviveinthewild.
Thevideoshowstheducksfollowingthemiddle-agedmanashehikesupamountainoutside
Seoul,stoppingwheneverhedoesandrefusingtofollowanyoneelse,eveniftheygivethesame
“let'sgoncommandtheirhumanmotherdoes.Unlesstheyhearhisvoiceandseehimmoving,they
don'tbudge.Ifsactuallyquiteremarkable.Imean,ifsonethingtoseedogsactinglikethis,but
ducklings?Thafssomethingelse.
Whileifsnotclearwhatthemandoesforaliving,I'mprettysurehehasalotofexperiencewith
ducks,asatonepointherevealsacert币catefor“fatherofducklings"dated2005.
1.Whatcanwelearnfromthevideo?
A.Theducklingsjustbrokethroughtheirshells.
B.Themanaccidentallysavedsomeducklings.
C.Theducklingsjustobeyedthemannaturally.
D.Themantookprideinhisducklings.
2.Whafstheman*spurposeofraisingtheducklings?
A.Tomakealivingbyperforming.
B.Tofilmavideotoattractattention.
C.Tofreethemintothewildoneday.
D.Tomakeacontributiontoabirdreserve.
3.Whatwordcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“budge”inParagraph4?
A.Stop.B.Move.
C.End.D.Fight.
4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A."Father"and,,MotherHofCutePets
B.ManRaisesDucklingsasHis“Children”
C.DucklingsAlsoRegardedasGoodPets
D.AmazingBondbetweenManandAnimals
B
Britishscientistshavediscoveredthev^llowtreesplantedatanangle(角度)couldincrease
sugarsforbiofuelproduction.
Willowisfast-growing.Itisalreadyusedtoproducefuelsfortherenewableheatingandpower
market.Infutureitcouldalsohelptoproducebiofueltopowervehicles.Ithasbeenknownthatwhen
willowsgrowinginthewildareblownsidewaystheyproducemoresugars.Butforawhileithasnot
beenknownwhythishappens.
ResearchersatImperialCollegeLondon,ledbyDryNicholasBreretonandDryMichaelRayofthe
DepartmentofLifeSciences,havenowsolvedthemystery.Whenthetreeisblownsideways,its
genes(基因)producelargenumbersofsugarmolecules(分子)tostraightenthetreeupwards.
“Thisisanimportantbreakthrough.Ourstudynowshowsthatnaturalgeneticchangesarerelated
tothesedifferences.Andthiscouldwellbethekeytounlockingthefutureforgreenenergyfromwillow,'
saidDryBrereton.
Theresearchwascarriedoutunderlabconditions.Thewillowsweregrownatanangleof45
degrees.Theywerecomparedtowillowswhichgrownaturallystraightupwards.Theteamthenlooked
forthesameeffectamongthewillowsgrowingontheIsleofOrkneywherestrongwindscausethetrees
tobendatextremeangles.TheydiscoveredthattheOrkneytreesproducefivetimestheamountof
sugarsfoundinwillowsgrowninshelteredconditions.
WillowiswidelyplantedacrosstheUK.Theresultsshowthatbiofuelcropssuchaswillowscould
begrowninclimaticallychallengingconditionswherechancesofgrowingfoodcropsarelimited.
ThestudyispublishedinBiotechnologyforBiofuels.
5.Whatmayhappenwhenwillowsareplantedinstrongwinds?
A.Theywillstopgrowing.
B.Theyw川growsideways.
C.Fewsugarswillbeproduced.
D.Changesingeneswilltakeplace.
6.WhatcanwelearnfromthetextabouttheOrkneywillows?
A.Theyareunusuallyrichinsugars.
B.Theygrownaturallystraightupwards.
C.Theylooktallerthanordinarywillows.
D.Theyarestrongerthanthosegrowinginlabs.
二、选词填空
用方框里单词的正确形式填空,使其句意完整。有两个词是多余的。
rustformreactelectricityfacilityaim
floatliquid
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