2022-2023学年湖南师范大学某中学高三年级上册月考卷（四）英语解析 听力

湖南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期月考卷（四）

英语试题

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?

A.WatchaTVprogram.B.Giveatalk.C.Writeareport.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?

A.She'sgenerous.B.She'scurious.C.She'shelpful.

【答案】c

【解析】

【原文】

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whendoesthetrainleave?

A.At6:30.B.At8:30.C.At10:30.

【答案】c

【解析】

【原文】

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Howdoesthewomangotowork?

A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Byb汰e.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

WhathappenedtothepaintingSimpson'sMother?

A.Itwasburned.B.Itwastom.C.Itwasspotted.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Luckily,thefamouspaintingSimpsonsMotherescapedthefireatthemuseum.

W:Butthewatersystem,whichcameonautomatically,leftalargemarkinthebottomright-handcorner.Actually,

theframewasbrokenwhenitwasbeingtransported.Fortunately,thepaintingitselfdidn'ttear.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，

各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?

A.Shelikesreadingverymuch.

B.Sheispreparingfortheexams.

C.Shelackstimetoreviewlessons.

7.Whatistheman'ssuggestionforthewoman?

A.Balancingstudyandrest.

B.Goingforawalkregularly.

C.Treatingherstudiesmoreseriously.

【答案】6.B7.A

【解析】

【原文】M:Whathaveyoubeenbusydoingrecently?

W:Examsareapproaching,andI'mbusyreviewingthebookstoprepareforthem.I'mburiedinapileofbooks

thesedays.

M:You'retooseriousaboutyourstudies!Whataboutgoingforawalkthisafternoon?

W:Idon'thavetheleisuretimeasyoudo.

M:Oh,comeon.Haven'tyoueverheard“AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy"?Doyouwanttobecomea

dullboy?

W:OK!Idon'twanttobecalledadullboy.Let'sgoforawalk!

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8.Whatdidthewomanusetodoforbigcompetitions?

A.Sheswam35milesperweek.

B.Shetookabreakatweekends.

C.Shearrivedatthepoolat6:00a.m.

9.WhatdidthewomanachieveatthelastOlympics?

AShewonsixmedals.B.Shewoneightcups.C.Shebrokealltherecords.

10.Whyhasthewomangivenupswimming?

A.Sheprefersvisitingothercountries.

B.Shecan'twinanycompetitions.

C.Sheistoooldforaswimmer.

【答案】8.A9.C10.C

【解析】

【原文】M:DoyourememberSallyGreen,theswimmingstar?Shewasthegirlwhobrokealltherecordsatthelast

Olympics.Whereisshenow?Let'smeetSallyinherhome,California.Hello,Sally,goodtoseeyou.Isittruethat

youdon'tswimatallnow?

W:Tmafraidso.I'mtooold.

M:Butyouareonlytwenty.

W:Thafstoooldforaswimmer.IfIswiminaninternationalcompetitionnow,Iwouldn'twin.SoI'drathernot

swimatall.

M:Butdon'tyouenjoyswimming?

W:IusedtowhenIwasstillsmall.Butifyouenterforbigcompetitionsyouhavetoworkveryhard.Iusedtogetup

at6:00a.m.togotothepool.Ihadtotrainbeforeschool,afterschoolandatweekends.Iswamthirty-fivemiles

everyweek.

M:Butyouwerefamousatfifteen.Andlookatallthesecups.

W:It'struethatIhavesomewonderfulmemories.Ienjoyedvisitingothercountries,andtheOlympicswerevery

exciting.ButImissedmoreimportantthings.Whileothergirlsweregrowingup,Iwasswimming.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11.What'snewinthenewspaper?

A.Astudyaboutflowers.

B.Anewwayofplantingflowers.

C.Aprogramaboutmakinghoney.

12.Whocanbenefitfromplantingflowersmostaccordingtotheresearchers?

A.Peoplewithmentalillness.

B.Studentswithdifficultyinstudy.

C.Adultswithphysicalhealthproblems.

13.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Classmates.

【答案】ILA12.A13.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Isthereanythinginterestingintoday'snewspaper?

M:Yes.Researchershaverecentlypublishedanewstudyaboutthesourceofhoney.

W:Flowers?Ijustknowthatwithoutflowers,ourfoodsupplywouldbeintrouble.

M:Exactly.Nowflowerscanhelphumansinanotherway.Researcherssayplantingflowersmayhelppeoplewith

mentalhealthproblems.

W:Really?Canwecallit"FlowerTherapy”?

M:Yes!Infact,theU.S.governmentoncehadaprogramthattaughtsoldiersreturningfromtheFirstWorldWar

howtoplantflowers.

W:Iknowmanysoldiershavetroubledealingwiththeexperiencesofwar.

M:Theprogramisnotanewthing.Othercountriesalsohavesimilarprograms.

W:Iwillplantsomeflowersinouryard.

M:Putyourchairout,batheinthesunshineandwatchtheflowersastheybloom.It'sreallyrelaxing,right?

W:Yes!ThatiswhatIwant.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14.Whatisthepossibletemperatureat2:00p.m.intheGrandCanyonthesedays?

A.25℃.B.39℃.C.45℃.

15.Ifyouhearthunder,whichoftheplacesisaproperonetogoto?

A.Insideacave.B.Underatree.C.Besideironfences.

16.Ifyouseeamaturesheep,whatisasafedistancethatyoushouldkeep?

A.15meters.B.20meters.C.30meters.

17.WhatisNOToneofthemainreasonsthatyoushouldn'tfeedthewildanimals?

A.Theywillgetsick.

B.Theywillbecomedependent.

C.Theymayhurtyou.

【答案】14.B15.A16.C17.A

【解析】

［原文］W:WelcometotheGrandCanyon.FmEmma,andI'mgoingtobeyourguideduringthisfive-dayhike.

Letmegiveyouafewsafetytips.Asyoucantell,ArizonaisoneofthedrieststatesintheUSA.Ifsgoingtobehot

andsunny,somakesureyoubringenoughwaterbeforeleaving.

M:Howhotwillitbe?

W:Downinthecanyon,it'snotunusualfbrthetemperaturetoreach40C.Also,therainyseasonisabouttostart,so

thereJsahighriskofthunderstormslaterthisweek.Infact,thereareabout25,000lightningstrikeseveryyearinthe

GrandCanyon.

M:Wow!Whatifwe'recaughtinathunderstormwhilewe'rehiking?

W:Ifwehearthunder,weneedtogotoasafeplaceimmediately.Don'ttouchanymetalrailingsorstandunderneath

thetrees.

M:OK.Isthereanychanceofseeingwildanimalswhenwegoonourhike?

W:Yes,we'Hdefinitelyseeafew!Sinceyouasked,letmetaketheopportunitytotellyouaboutthat.Keepasafe

distance-thebehaviourofwildanimalscanbeveryunpredictable.Stay15metersawayfromsmallanimals,and30

metersawayfromlargeones.

M:Isee.Anyothertips?

W:Also,donotfeedanimals.Theymightstartbehavingaggressivelytowardsyou.Ifsalsobadforwildanimalsto

becomedependentonhumanbeings.

M:Igotit.Tilfollowthesesafetytips.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

18.WhatdidLilynoticefirst?

A.Flames.B.Blacksmoke.C.Aburningsmell.

19.WhatwasLilydoingwhenthefirebrokeout?

A.Shewaswalkingherdog.

B.shewassleepingathome.

C.ShewaswatchingaTVshow.

20.Whocarriedaladdertothesceneofthefire?

A.Lily.B.Lily'sfather.C.Afirefighter.

【答案】18.C19.A20.B

【解析】

【原文】Aheroschoolgirlsavedmanypeopletrappedinaburningapartment.Wheninterviewed,shesaidshe

wasinspiredbyaTVshowaboutemergencyservices.

14-year-oldLilySwansonisabigfanoftheTVprogramDisney+9-1-1,sowhenshenoticedastrongburning

smell,sheimmediatelystoppedtocheckout.

ShehadbeenonawalkwithherdognearherhomeinLeyland,Lancashire.Butshedecidedtotryandfindthe

sourceofthesmell.Thequick-thinkingteenagerlookedaroundandfinallyspottedblacksmokecomingoutofthe

windowofanapartmentonHoughLane.

LilyranhometowakeherdadMikeSwansonandrang911.Assoonastheycalledthefirestation,theyran

backoutsideandsawpeoplehangingoutofthewindow.Mikegrabbedhisladderandrantothescenetohelpthose

trappedinsidebeforethefiresweptthewholebuilding.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B.C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

MoroccoFamilyJourney

DiscoverthemagicofMoroccoonaseven-dayjourneythattakesyourfamilygroupfrommarketstothedesert.

MeetmusiciansandstorytellersabsorbedinAmazighheritage,andtryyourhandatcookingupcolourfullocal

dishes.Hikepastamazingrockformations,walkwindsweptsands,anduncoverancientsecrets.

WHATSINCLUDED

•Accommodations:Hotels（8nights）;8breakfasts,3lunches,4dinners

•Transport:Privateair-concoach,4x4vehicle

•JourneyHighlights:SaharatripsandculturalexplorationsinMerzouga,thetourofAtlasFilmStudiosin

Ouarzazate

•Five-startraveldirectors

•WalkinJemaael-FnaSquare

•FreetimetoexploreMarrakech

•Alltransporttoandfromincludedactivities

WHAT'SNOTINCLUDED

・Visas

•FlightstoandfromMorocco

•Basicmedicalandemergencyinsurance(Youwillnotbepermittedtotravelwithouragencyuntilyouhave

providedevidenceofadequatetravelinsurance.)

•Tripcancellationinsuranceoranyothertravelinsurance

•Mealsonyourown

•AnyactivitynotdescribedinWHAT'SINCLUDED

EmergencyFund

PleasemakesureyouhaveaccesstoatleastanadditionalUSD200ortheequivalentasanemergencyfund,to

beusedwhencircumstancesoutsideourcontrolrequireachangeinourplannedroute.Thisisarareoccurrence!

Requirements

Familyjourneysaredesignedforgroupstravelingwithkidsbetweentheagesof7and17.Yourgroupmust

includeakidtobook,andanyoneundertheageof18mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.

21.Wherecanvisitorsexperiencelocalculture?

A.InMarrakech.B.InOuarzazate.C.InMerzouga.D.InJemaael-FnaSquare.

22.Whichofthefollowingneedsanextracharge?

A.Transportbetweenattractions.B.Round-tripflighttickets.

CAccommodationinthejourney.D.Qualityguideservices.

23.Whatisrequiredforagrouptojointhejourney?

A.Havingatleastachildandanadult.B.Beingchargedmoneyforemergencies.

C.Beingingoodphysicalcondition.D.Buyinginsurancethroughtheagency.

【答案】21.C22.B23.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了有关摩洛哥七日旅程的相关信息。

[21题详解】

细节理解题。根据WHAT'SINCLUDED部分中的"JourneyHighlights:Saharatripsandculturalexplorationsin

Merzouga,thetourofAtlasFilmStudiosinOuarzazate（旅程亮点：撒哈拉之旅和梅尔祖加的文化探索，瓦尔

扎扎特的阿特拉斯电影制片厂之旅）”可知，游客可以在梅尔祖加探索当地文化。故选C。

[22题详解】

细节理解题。根据WHAT'SNOTINCLUDED部分中的“FlightstoandfromMorocco（往返摩洛哥的航班）”

可知，出发地和摩洛哥之间的往返机票不包含在旅行套餐内，需额外收费。故选B。

【23题详解】

细节理解题。根据Requirements部分中的aYourgroupmustincludeakidtobook,andanyoneundertheageof

18mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.（您的团队必须包括一名儿童才能预订，18岁以下的人必须由一名成人陪

同。）”可知，该旅程为家庭旅行，参与的团队至少要包含一个儿童和一个成人。故选A。

Iearnedtheflamein1984intheTorchRelayasitmadeitswayacrossthecountrytotheOlympicsinLos

Angeles.Iwasn'tanOlympicathlete.MydaddidsomevoluntaryworkfortheOlympicsthatyear,forwhichIwas

abletocarrytheflame.Stillitmakesmerealizethatallsortsofhonorscancomeourwayunexpectedly.

OnoneMaynight,theflamehadjustbegunitsjourneyacrossAmerica,coveringaround15,000kilometers.It

incheditswayalongthecoastfromNewYork,eachrunnercarryingitforakilometer.Someoftherunnerswere

famousandadmired.Otherswerecommonpeoplelikemeandsupportersoftheevent.

Ihadalready,beensentauniformandtheofficialtorch.IhelditasIstoodwaitingintheduskfortheflameto

arrive.Partofmewonderedifitwouldevenarrive.Wouldtheyeverfindenoughrunnerstocoverthatambitious

distance?

Allatonceithappened.Arunnerappearedandlitmytorch.Iwassentonmyway.Peoplelinedtheroad,

clappingandshoutingasIpassed,notfbrme,butforwhatIrepresented:thefreeexpressionofathleticskillsandthe

celebrationoftalent,devotion,anddiscipline.SoonIpassedtheflameontothenextrunner.Ithinkweallhavethese

opportunitiestocarrythetorchofourfaithandourvalues,becausewecanallbethelightofthisworld.Wemight

wonderifwhatwehavetodoorsayorshowwillevenmatter.Butweshouldstepout,litbyourfaithandvalues,and

meetpeoplewaitingforusallalong.

24.Whatcanweinferfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.TheTorchRelaybeguninLosAngeles.

B.Notallflamecarriersareathletes.

C.Theauthor'sexperiencemadehimstandout.

D.Greathonorcametotheauthor'sfather.

25.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenwaitingfortheflametoarrive?

A.Excited.B.Proud.C.Worried.D.Panicked.

26Whydidthepeopleontheroadsideclap?

ATocelebratetheOlympicspirits.B.Toencouragetherunners.

C.Toshowtheirloveforsports.D.TopraiseOlympicathletes.

27.Whatdoestheauthorcallonpeopletodointheend?

A.Keeptotheirvalues.B.AttendtheOlympics.

C.Lettheirlightshine.D.CarryOlympictorches.

【答案】24.B25.C26.A27.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己传递奥运火炬的难忘经历，他认为我们都有机会传递我们的

信仰和价值观，因为我们都可以成为这个世界的光明。

【24题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Iwasn'tanOlympicathlete.MydaddidsomevoluntaryworkfortheOlympics

thatyear,forwhichIwasabletocarrytheflame.（我不是奥运会运动员。那年，我爸爸为奥运会做了一些志愿

工作，我也参加了传递圣火的活动）”和第二段中的"Someoftherunnerswerefamousandadmired.Others

werecommonpeoplelikemeandsupportersoftheevent.（有些运动员很有名，很受人尊敬。其他人是像我一样

的普通人和活动的支持者）”可知，作者不是运动员，因为作者的父亲，作者获得了传递奥运火炬的机会。

由此推知，传递火炬的人并不是都是运动员。故选B。

【25题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中的uPartofmewonderedifitwouldevenarrive.Wouldtheyeverfindenoughrunners

tocover由atambitiousdistance?（我有点怀疑它到底能不能到。他们能找到足够多的选手跑完这个雄心勃勃

的距离吗？）”可推知，当作者在等待时，他是有点担心、不确定的。故选C。

[26题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Peoplelinedtheroad,clappingandshoutingasIpassed,notforme,butforwhat

Irepresented:thefreeexpressionofathleticskillsandthecelebrationoftalent,devotion,anddiscipline.（人们在道

路两旁，当我经过时鼓掌欢呼，不是为了我，而是为了我所代表的东西：运动技能的自由表达，对天赋、

奉献和纪律的颂扬）”可知，路边的人们鼓掌颂扬奥林匹克精神。故选A。

【27题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ithinkweallhavetheseopportunitiestocarrythetorchofourfaithandourvalues,

becausewecanallbethelightofthisworld.Wemightwonderifwhatwehavetodoorsayorshowwillevenmatter.

Butweshouldstepout,litbyourfaithandvalues,andmeetpeoplewaitingforusallalong.（我认为我们者R有机会

传递我们的信仰和价值观，因为我们都可以成为这个世界的光明。我们可能会想，我们所做的、所说的或

展示的是否重要。但我们应该走出去，被我们的信仰和价值观照亮，去见见一直在等着我们的人）”可推知，

作者最后呼吁人们点亮自己信念和价值观的“火炬”，发光发热。故选C。

C

Doyouevertalktoyourself?Althoughit'snotalwaysaconscioushabit,mostofuspracticeself^talkonadaily

basis,asawayofguiding,motivatingorsupportingourselves.

Overtheyears,researchhasshownthatself-talkcanincreaseproductivity,motivationandconfidence,and

evenhelpmanagefeelings.4tThereissolidevidencethatself^talkstrategiesimprovelearningandperformance,

accordingtosportpsychologistAntonisHatzigeorgiadis,whostudiesthephenomenonofself-talk.

Heexplainsthattherearegenerallythreereasonswhywepracticeself-talk:toinstruct,tomotivateorto

evaluate.Instructionalself-talkhappenswhenweneedtoguideourselvesthroughaspecifictask,suchaslearninga

newskill.Motivationalself-talkusuallyisusedwhenwewanttoprepareourselvesforsomethingchallenging;itcan

helptoincreaseconfidence.Evaluativeself-talkmostlyisrelatedtopasteventsoractions.

Hatzigeorgiadisstressesthatifwewanttousesuchself-talktogoodadvantage,itneedstobeshort,preciseand,

mostofall,consistent.Ofcourse,self-talkalsocanbeineffectiveandevendetrimentalifit'snotdoneright.

“Itisamatterofpersonalpreferenceorwhatworksforeachperson;butgenerally,itisadvisedthatself-talkbe

positivelyratherthannegativelyphrasedandfocusonwhatyoushoulddoratherthanonwhatyoushouldavoid,“

Hatzigeorgiadissays.So,forexample,itwouldbebettertosay“staycool^^insteadof"don'tgetupset".Although

bothinstructionsconveythesamemeaning,youshouldusepositivewordsratherthannegativeones.Inthiswayyou

canavoidillresults.

Anotherthingthatcanmakeadifferencewhenpracticingself-talkisthewayyouaddressyourself.According

toresearchpublishedinJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,using"you"ratherthan'T'whentalkingto

yourselftendstobemoreeffective.Theresearchersexplainthatwhenyouthinkofyourselfasanotherperson,it

allowsyoutogivemoreobjectiveandusefulfeedback.

28.Whatdoestheresearchsayaboutself-talk?

A.Itisadailyhabitforeveryone.B.Itcanmakepeoplefeelbetter.

C.Itmayhelpstrengthenmemory.D.Itisalwaysanunconsciousbehavior.

29.WhatcanbeconcludedfromHatzigeorgiadis9explanation?

A.Self-talkoccursindifferentsituations.B.Self-talkusuallymakesonebrave.

C.Self-talkariseswithvariousfeelings.D.Self-talkiscloselylinkedwithacertaintask.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detrimental“inparagraph4probablymean?

A.Confusing.B.Useless.C.Harmful.D.Unbearable.

31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Self-talk:acloserelationtothepastB.Self-talk:agreatwaytoavoidillresults

C.Self-talk:ausefultooltobenefitourlifeD.Self-talk:amatterofpersonalpreference

【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自言自语带来的好处、产生的主要原因以及自言自语时需要注意

的问题。

【28题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Overtheyears,researchhasshownthatself-talkcanincreaseproductivity,

motivationandconfidence,andevenhelpmanagefeelings.（多年来，研究表明，自言自语可以提高工作效率、

动力和信心，甚至有助于管理情绪。）”可知，自言自语可以改善心情，让人感觉更好。故选B。

【29题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段"Heexplainsthattherearegenerallythreereasonswhywepracticeself-talk:toinstruct,

tomotivateortoevaluate.Instructionalself-talkhappenswhenweneedtoguideourselvesthroughaspecifictask,

suchaslearninganewskill.Motivationalself-talkusuallyisusedwhenwewanttoprepareourselvesforsomething

challenging;itcanhelptoincreaseconfidence.Evaluativeself-talkmostlyisrelatedtopasteventsoractions.（他解

释说，我们练习自言自语通常有三个原因：指导、激励或评估。指导性的自言自语发生在我们需要指导自

己完成一项特定任务时，比如学习一项新技能。当我们想要为一些具有挑战性的事情做好准备时，通常会

使用动机性的自言自语;它可以帮助增加自信。评价性的自言自语大多与过去的事件或行为有关可知，

Hatzigeorgiadis在第三段中解释了自言自语出现的三个主要原因及对应的情形，由此可推知自言自语会在

不同的情形下发生。故选A。

【30题详解】

词句猜测题。第四段第一句uHatzigeorgiadisstressesthatifwewanttousesuchself-talktogoodadvantage,it

needstobeshort,preciseand,mostofall,consistent.（Hatzigeorgiadis强调，如果我们想要充分利用这种自言自

语，它需要简短、准确，最重要的是，前后一致。）”讲述了从自言自语中获益的方式，即让自言自语具备

三个特点：short（简短的）、precise（准确的）、consistent（连续的）。再结合画线词所在句和第五段尾句“Inthis

wayyoucanavoidillresults.（这样你就可以避免坏结果。）”可知，画线词所在句表示如果自言自语的方式

不对，自言自语可能无效甚至带来坏的影响。画线词detrimental与下文中的ill意思相近,所以选harmful“有

害的”。故选C。

[31题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段“Overtheyears,researchhasshownthatself-talkcanincreaseproductivity,motivation

andconfidence,andevenhelpmanagefeelings.（多年来，研究表明，自言自语可以提高工作效率、动力和信

心，甚至有助于管理情绪。）”及全文可知，文章介绍了自言自语带来的好处、产生的主要原因以及自言自

语时需要注意的问题。文章的核心内容是如何从自言自语中受益，换言之：善加利用，自言自语是能让我

们受益的好方法。所以“Self-talk:ausefultooltobenefitourlife（自言自语：有益于我们生活的有用工具）”

作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。

D

LakeBaikal（贝加尔湖）isthebiggestbodyoffreshwateronEarth.Ifsabout1.6kmindepthandisalsothe

deepest.Severalunusualanimalscallithome,includingtheworld'sonlyspeciesoffreshwaterseal.Therearea

largenumberofBaikalseals,about8,000-10,000.Butthelakeisnutrient-poor,sohowtheydosowellhasbeena

puzzle.AstudyconductedbyYuukiWatanabeoftheNationalInstituteofPolarResearch,inTokyo,suggestsa

possibleanswer.

Mostsealseatfish.AndBaikalsealsdohaveneedle-liketeeth.Butin1982researchersnotedthattheyhad

somespecializedcomb-liketeethbehindtheneedle-likeones.Atthetime,nobodyknewwhattheywerefor.ButDr.

Watanabesupposedthattheymightbeanadaptationforfeedingonothertinycreatureslivinginthelake.

SealsarrivedinBaikaltwomillionyearsago,fromtheArcticOcean.Sodidsomemuchsmallerseacreatures,

knownasamphipods（片脚类动物）.Theyhavediversifiedintomorethan340nativespecies.Seacreaturesthesize

ofsealswouldnormallyseeamphipodstobetoosmalltohunt.ButDr.WatanabewonderedifBaikalseals'

comb-liketeethmighthaveevolvedtoenablethesealstohuntthesetinycreaturestomakethemusefulprey-justas

somewhalescollectextremelysmallshellfishusingcomb-likestructures.Heandhiscolleaguesthereforeattached

waterproofvideocamerastoafewsealstomonitorwhattheyweregettingupto.

Scenesfromthecamerasshowedthatthesealswereindeedpursuingthegroupsofamphipodsatnight.Dr.

Watanabeestimatedthateachsealcaughtanaverageof57amphipodsperdiveandthusthousandsofthemaday.

Theneedle-liketeetharenotuseless,torthesealsdohuntfishaswell.Theycompetewiththosefishforthe

amphipods,thusperhapsmaintainingthemselvesinlargernumbers.

32.WhichaspectofBaikalsealsremainsunknown?

A.WhytheyliveinLakeBaikal.B.HowtheygotintoLakeBaikal.

C.WhentheyreachedLakeBaikal.D.HowtheygrowwellinLakeBaikal.

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they”inparagraph2referto?

A.Researchers.B.Comb-liketeeth.

C.Baikalseals.D.Needle-liketeeth.

34.Whydidresearchersattachvideocamerastotheseals?

A.Totakecontroloftheirbehaviourpatterns.

B.Torecordhowtheycoexistwithamphipods.

C.Toconfirmiftheyliveonsmallwatercreatures.

D.Tofindthesimilaritiesbetweensealsandwhales.

35.Whatmessageisconveyedinthelastparagraph?

A.ThereisasharplygrowingtrendtowardsBaikalseals.

B.Baikalsealspreferhuntingamphipodsatnight.

C.Needle-liketeethareoflittleusetoBaikalseals.

D.Baikalsealsfeedonfishbesidesamphipods.

【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。贝加尔湖营养匮乏，但是海豹数量很大，这一直是个不解之谜。日本研究人

员的一项研究也许能够揭开这一谜团。

【32题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Butthelakeisnutrient-poor,sohowtheydosowellhasbeenapuzzle.（但是湖

水缺乏营养，所以它们是如何生存的一直是个谜。）”可知，让人不解的是在湖中营养匮乏的情况下，贝

加尔湖海豹怎么还活得这么好。故选D。

【33题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第二段中的"Butin1982researchersnotedthattheyhadsomespecializedcomb-liketeeth

behindtheneedle-likeones.（但在1982年，研究人员注意到它们在针状牙齿后面有一些特殊的梳状牙齿。）”

和“ButDr.Watanabesupposedthattheymightbeanadaptationforfeedingonothertinycreatureslivinginthe

lake.（但Watanabe博士认为，它们可能是为了适应以湖中其他微小生物为食。）”可知，Watanabe博士猜想

海豹可能是用这些梳子状牙齿来捕食湖里的其他微小生物的。由此可推断they指代“梳子状牙齿”。故选

Bo

【34题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中的"ButDr.WatanabewonderedifBaikalseals?comb-liketeethmighthaveevolved

toenablethesealstohuntthesetinycreaturestomakethemusefulprey-justassomewhalescollectextremelysmall

shellfishusingcomb-likestructures.Heandhiscolleaguesthereforeattachedwaterproofvideocamerastoafew

sealstomonitorwhattheyweregettingupto.（但Watanabe博士想知道，贝加尔湖海豹的梳状牙齿是否已经进

化到能够捕食这些微小生物，使它们成为有用的猎物——就像一些鲸鱼用梳状结构收集极小的贝类动物一

样。因此，他和他的同事们在一些海豹身上安装了防水摄像机，以监控它们在做什么。）”可知，Watanabe

博士他们将摄像机绑在贝加尔海豹身上是为了确认这些海豹是否以湖中的微小生物为食。故选Co

【35题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Theneedle-liketeetharenotuseless,forthesealsdohuntfishaswell.They

competewiththosefishfortheamphipods,thusperhapsmaintainingthemselvesinlargernumbers4针状的牙齿并

不是无用的，因为海豹也会捕食鱼类。它们与这些鱼类竞争片脚类鱼类，因此可能会保持更大的数量。）”

可知，贝加尔海豹不仅捕食片脚类动物，还捕食鱼类。故选D。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Haveyoueverwishedyoudidn'thavetowakeupearlyandgoallthewaytoschool?For700,000American

kids,thiswishcomestrue.36Thiskindoflearninghasdifferentnames:onlinelearningordistancelearning.

Regardlessofwhatitiscalled,thisideamaycreateanimpressionofalonelykidreadingpagesofinformationona

computerscreenratherthanfromabookoranimageofanotherkidspendingthedayplayingvideogamesinsteadof

learningmathematicsorreadingabook.Whereonlineeducationisconcerned,bothofthesearefalse!Actually,

onlinelearningsimplymeanslearningdifferently.

37Flexibilityisthemainadvantage.Studentscanattendschoolwhereverandwhenevertheydesire.

HomeworkcanbeturnedinfromanywherethestudenthasInternetaccess.Additionally,manyonlineschoo