衔接点04 形容词、副词（初高考点差异及衔接）（原卷版）-2024-2025初升高衔接资料（新高一暑假学习提升）

衔接点04形容词、副词（初高考点差异及衔接）初中要求学习了形容词作定语、表语时的用法，副词修饰形容词或作状语的用法。同时掌握了它们的比较级和最高级的构成，知道了如何在具体语境中应用。高中要求重点是形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法,以及形容词和副词之间的转换。考生不仅要弄清其词形、词义、功能等基础知识,还要掌握形容词和副词之间相互转换的规则,以及同义词辨析和一词多义等重点知识。【初中形容词、副词考点聚焦】考点一形容词和副词的基本用法1.Ourcountryhasa(骄傲的)recordofsportingachievements.

2.Followthesetips，andyoucanenjoyyoursummer.(safe)

3.AlthoughI’vemetheronlyonceort，Icantellthatshehasastrongpersonality.

4.HongzeLakewetlandisa(thebest)placeforsomewildbirds.

5.Withthehelpofthemap，studentsfoundtheirwaytothepark(容易地).

6.It’snecessaryforteenagerstolearnhowtospendtheirpocketmoney(明智地).

考点二形容词和副词的词义辨析1.Dressingupasaghostisunusualinourculture.Peoplethinkitwillbringbadluck.

A.hardly B.hard C.highly D.high考点三形容词和副词的比较等级1.Slowcookingseemstoholdthetasteofthemeatmuch.

A.good B.well C.better D.best2.—Goodnews!TheChinesewomen’sfootballteamcamefirstinthe2022AFCWomen’sAsianCup.—Exactly.ThefinalisoneIhaveeverseen.

A.alessamazing B.themostamazingC.amoreamazing D.theleastamazing3.—Youwanttoloseweight?Butwhy?Youlookquiteslimtome.—Thatmaybetrue.ButI’mthanlastyear.

A.muchheavier B.heavyenoughC.muchlighter D.lightenough4.Whichcolourdoyoulike，purple，orangeorpink?

A.well B.good C.better D.best考点四形容词和副词的构词法1.ChecktheanswerontheInternetifyouare(不确定)aboutit.

2.MyparentsandIhadajourneytoHainan.(wonder)

4.Somepeoplethink(high)ofthefilmHi，Mom.

【高中形容词、副词考点聚焦】考纲解读高中形容词、副词重点是形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法,以及形容词和副词之间的转换。考生不仅要弄清其词形、词义、功能等基础知识,还要掌握形容词和副词之间相互转换的规则,以及同义词辨析和一词多义等重点知识。考点清单考点一形容词和副词的句法功能1．形容词用法：修饰名词作定语；跟在系动词后作表语；跟在宾语后作宾补；还可用作状语。Havingbeenpraisedbytheteacher，thelittlegirlranbackhome，happyandsatisfied．被老师表扬之后，这个小女孩跑回了家，既开心又满足。2．副词用法：修饰动词；修饰形容词或副词；单独作状语。Ifirmlybelievedthatyouwillfinishyourrunifyoubravelyfacethischallenge.我坚信，只要你勇敢地面对这个挑战，你一定能跑完全程。【名师指津】有些副词如fortunately,luckily,surprisingly,honestly,actually,personally等作评注性状语时往往修饰整个句子，对整个句子进行说明或解释，表示说话人的态度与看法。通常位于句首，常用逗号与句子分开。Unfortunately,asoureconomyadvances,recentyearshaveseentheoceansbeingpolluted.不幸的是，随着我们经济的发展，近年来海洋受到了污染。1.Fromnewsarticlesandrecipestoyogaclasses,youcanfindalmosteverythingontheInternet.Manypeoplefindthiswayoflifemore(convenience).

2.Assimpleasthenamesuggests,WalkingFootballis(definite)justplayingfootballatwalkingpace.

3.Walkingatapaceof4mphburnsaround300caloriesperhour.(consequent),powerwalking,inadditiontoahealthydiet,helpsmanageyourweight.

4.(amazing),ithasbeenprovedthatifdrunkregularly,whiteteawillgreatlybenefitpeople’sphysicalandmentalhealth.

考点二形容词和副词的构词规律1.形容词的构词规律类别例词词尾加-ycloud→cloudy,luck→lucky,health→healthy,sleep→sleepy词尾加-(e)dgift→gifted,talent→talented,advance→advanced,excite→excited词尾加-ingsurprise→surprising,convince→convincing,frighten→frightening词尾加-ful/-lessmeaning→meaningful/meaningless,care→careful/careless,help→helpful/helpless,harm→harmful/harmless,home→homeless,colour→colourful/colourless,use→useful/useless,thank→thankful/thankless,peace→peaceful/peaceless词尾加-ablecomfort→comfortable,knowledge→knowledgeable,accept→acceptable,respect→respectable词尾加-ousdanger→dangerous,courage→courageous,humour→humorous词尾的-ce变为-tconfidence→confident,difference→different词尾加-almusic→musical,person→personal,nation→national,education→educational,tradition→traditional词尾加-lyfriend→friendly,week→weekly,love→lovely词尾加-enwood→wooden,wool→woolen其他常见变化energy→energetic,fool→foolish,pleasure→pleasant/pleased,science→scientific[以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y(如sun→sunny,fun→funny等)，以e结尾的名词要去掉e再加-y(如noise→noisy,ice→icy,taste→tasty等)]动词词尾加-ive/-ativeattract→attractive,talk→talkative,prevent→preventive,protect→protective[提示]如何区分-ed形容词与-ing形容词解决此类问题有两个切入点：第一，看语境表示的是“令人……”(-ing)，还是“感到……”(-ed)；第二，看语境说明的是性质特征(-ing)，还是感受(-ed)。具体如下：(1)-ing型形容词主要用于修饰物或事，表示事物的性质特征，常译为“令人……的”。(2)-ed型形容词通常用于说明人的感受，常译为“感到……的”，强调人自身的情感波动；修饰事物时，则多修饰smile(微笑),feeling(感觉),appearance(外貌),cry(哭),face(面部表情),voice(声音),mood(情绪),look(表情)等表示人的情绪状况的名词。2.形容词转化为副词的规律【名师指津】(1)词尾为-ble/-le的形容词，去掉e，再加-yterrible→terribly,possible→possibly,gentle→gently,probable→probably,comfortable→comfortably,responsible→responsibly,suitable→suitably(2)词尾为-ue的形容词，去掉e再加-lytrue→truly(高中阶段仅此一例)(3)下列单词以-ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively,lonely,lovely,deadly,friendly,ugly,silly,timely等。单句语法填空1．Soeagerwasshetobeacrewmemberthatsheovercamemanydifficultiesandultimatelybecame________(qualify)．2．Theyhavedevelopedan________(advance)systemthatcangrowplantsanywhere,eveninspace.3．Alotofproblemsareassociatedwithoverusingourdigitaldevices,fromeyehealthandissuesofmentalhealthtoaddictionand________(education)difficulties.4．Thisisespeciallytrueincountrieswheretraditionalmedicinesare________(wide)used.5．Chinahasexpressedanambitiontolandpeopleonthemoonand________(possible)buildascientificbasethere.考点三形容词和副词的比较等级一、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的词形变化1．规则变化词形分类及变化方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般加-er或-esttalltallertallest以e结尾的，直接加-r或-stnicenicernicest以一个重读闭音节结尾的，先双写该辅音字母再加-er或-estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottestfatfatterfattest以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，先变y为i再加-er或-esthappyhappierhappiesteasyeasiereasiest其他双音节词/多音节词在前面加more或mostdifficultmoredifficultmostdifficult2.不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad(badly)/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest二、形容词和副词比较等级的用法1．同级比较：“as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”，其否定形式是“notas/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as”。Heworkedaswellasaqualifiedtechnician.他干得跟合格的技术员一样好。2．比较级常见的结构(1)“形容词/副词的比较级＋than”；“more/less＋多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词＋than”。常见的修饰比较级的词有any,much,even,far,byfar,alot,agreatdeal等。ThebookisfarmoreinterestingthanthebooksIhaveeverread.这本书比我读过的书有趣得多。(2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”或“moreandmore/lessandless＋原级”表示“越来越……”。Holidayflightticketsaregettinglessandlessexpensive．假期的机票越来越便宜了。(3)“the＋比较级＋主语＋谓语，the＋比较级＋主语＋谓语”，表示“越……就越……”。Themorepeopleareinvolved,thebettertheoceanenvironmentis.参与的人越多，海洋环境就越好。(4)“the＋比较级＋of(the)＋名词/代词”，表示“(两者中)较……的”。Ofthetwocameras,Iwouldpreferthesmallerone,whichisveryeasyformetocarry.这两个照相机中，我喜欢较小的那个，它很容易携带。3．最高级结构：“the＋形容词的最高级(＋名词)＋比较范围(in/of/among短语)”；“oneofthe＋形容词的最高级＋名词复数”。常用来修饰最高级的词有byfar,almost以及序数词等。Myparentswantedmetohavethebestpossibleeducation.我父母想让我接受最好的教育。4．比较级表达最高级含义(1)“否定词＋比较级”或“否定词＋such/so...as”结构表示最高级含义。Yourstoryisperfect;I'veneverheardabetteronebefore.你的故事太完美了；我从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。(2)比较级在以下几种结构中均表示最高级含义：①比较级＋than＋anyother＋单数名词②比较级＋than＋alltheother＋复数名词③比较级＋than＋anyoftheother＋复数名词TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriver/thanalltheotherrivers/thananyoftheotherriversinChina.长江比中国的其他任何一条河都长。/长江是中国最长的河。三、倍数表达法常见的倍数表达法句型主要有：(1)A＋is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B(2)A＋is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B(3)A＋is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height等)＋of＋B(4)the＋名词(size，length，height等)＋of＋A＋is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B(5)A＋is＋倍数＋what引导的名词性从句Smokingisharmfultopeople'shealth,killingseventimesmorepeopleeachyearthantrafficaccidents.吸烟有害健康，每年因抽烟而丧命的人比死于交通事故的人多7倍。1.She(far)explainedalthoughthiswomanwasoldandbedridden(卧床不起的),shewasstillalady,andtheolddeservedtobetreatedwithrespect.

2.Ifyouareabeginner,itismuch(safe)tojoinagroupforstorm-chasingvacationsduringthestormyseason.

3.Duringaninterview,ProfessorHawkingwarnedthatAI(人工智能)wouldsoonreachalevelwhereitwouldbea"newformoflife"thatwouldperform(well)thanhumans.

4.ShenquanGuyu,alarge-scalehealthandleisurevillageclub,isoneofthe(large)hotspringbasesinNorthChina.

一．单句语法填空1.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen(poor)studied...

2.Heryearsofhardworkhave(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire’sWomanOfTheYear.

3.Schooluniformsare(tradition)inBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.

4.Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend,andit’snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand(meaning)collegeexperience.

5.Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare(high)thantheyactuallyare.

6.Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraininghardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.

7.AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal(globe)fertilizerconsumption.

8.Atasteformeatis(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.

9.Therecouldbeaneven(high)costonyourhealth.

10.However,be(care)nottogotoextremes.

11.Itis(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.

12.Even(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.

13.Recentstudiesshowthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks(regular).

14.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.

15.Chinesescientists(recent)hadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewbornbaby.

16.I’mso(gratitude)toallthosevolunteersbecausetheyhelpedmyterribledayendhappily.

17.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.

18.Theygavemoneytotheoldpeople’shomeeither(personal)orthroughtheircompanies.

19.Andyiscontentwiththetoy.Itisthe(good)hehasevergot.

二．专项语篇型填空(形容词和副词)It’s1(obvious)righttosaythatlivinginthecityis2(interest),butthecityis3(dangerous)thanthecountry.Thereareoftenmanybadthingsthathappeninthecity,suchasrobberies.4(addition),thecityisverynoisy.Lifeinthecountryis5(health)inmanyways.Ialwayswanttoescapecitylifetohaveagoodrestandenjoythe6(beauty)sceneryinthecountry.

7,somepeoplethinkcountrylifeissoslowandboring!Lifeissometimesnot8(convenience).Asforme,Ilikethecityforits9(color)andgoodlife,andwantthecountrylifeforitsquiet.WhenI’mmarriedandhavechildren,I’llmovetothecountrywhileworkinginthecity.I’mnotsosure,10.

三．语篇填空(形容词、副词专练)DUJIANGYAN1(Original)

constructed

around

256

BCE

by

the

State

of

Qin

as

an

irrigation

and

flood

control

system,Dujiangyanis

a

2(remark)

example

of

ancient

engineering

skilland

is

still

in

usetoday.During

theWarringStatesPeriod,

people

who

lived

along

the

banks

of

the

MinRiver

were

troubled

by3

(anniversary)flooding.Qingovernor

and

irrigation

engineer

Li

Bing

investigated

the

problem4

(thorough).

Heled

a

team

toconstructa

levee(防洪堤)

to

redirect

a

portion

of

the

river’s

flow.

Then

they

cut

a

channel

through

Mount

Yuleitodischargetheexcess

water.

After

the

system

was

finished,

no

floods

occurredany5(long).

What’s

more,

itmadeSichuanoneof

themostproductive6

(agriculture)

regions

in

China

because

the

redirectedwater

fromthe

MinRivercouldbeusedforirrigation.

If

you

visit

Dujiangyan,

you

will

see

an

7(usual)constructionthatresemblesafish’smouth.This8(fame)

attraction,

Yuzui,

together

with

two

other

important

parts,

9(name),FeishayanandBaopingkou,was10(scientific)designed

to

control

the

water

flow

throughout

theyear.Recognisedas

aUNESCOheritagesite,Dujiangyan

has

irrigated

farms

while

preventingfloods

for

over2,000years.immediatesharetrainhappyclosekidsomethingproblemanimalpressMinaAlalia25-year-oldgirlfromCalifornia,boughtapetpigcalledMerl