高中英语高考语法定语从句讲与练

高中英语高考语法定语从句讲与练Myfatherwasbornin1931.TheAnti-JapaneseWarbrokeoutin1931.

fMyfatherwasbornin1931when(inwhich)theAnti-JapaneseWarbrokeout.

在主从复合句中，修饰或限制某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

Wewillneverforgettheyears.Weworkedtogetherinthecountrysideinthoseyears.(状语)

A.先行词+连词（关系代词）+陈述句

fWewillneverforgettheyearswhen(inwhich)weworkedtogetherinthecountryside.

who【先行词为人。主语、宾语。】

Wewillneverforgettheyears.Wespenttheyearstogetherinthecountryside.(宾语)

whom【先行词为人。宾语。】fWewillneverforgettheyearsthat/whichwespenttogetherinthecountryside.

that【先行词为物/人。主语、宾语。】•By16:30,whichwasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.

which【先行词为物。主语、宾语。】•Intheyearsthatfolloweci,theybuiltsevenschoolsandtwohospitalsinAfrica.

【上面所说的主语或者宾语是指连接词在定语从句中的成份。连接词作宾语时可省去。】l)October1,1949isthedaywhen(onwhich)thePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded.

Themanlivesonthe78thfloor.Themanisamillionaire.2)1stillrememberthedaywhen(onwhich)shejoinedtheairforce.

3)Thedaysaregonewhenphysicalstrengthwasmoreimportantthanknowledge.

—Themanthat/wh。livesonthe78thfloorisamillionaire.

4)Therewasatimewhenmanypeoplecametotheislandfortreasure.

HeisgoingtomarryMary.HedoesnotloveMaryatall.

5)1won'tforgetthedayswhenweworkedtogetherandthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether.

—HeisgoingtomarryMary(who/that/whom)hedoesnotloveatall.

•where引导定语从句，前面不加介词，fromwhere是例外：

ThetreeswillbecutdownnextThursday.Thetreeswereplanted20yearsago.

Wewillhavearestunderthetree,fromwherewecanhaveawonderfulviewofthecitybelow.

fThetreesthat/whictlwereplanted20yearsagowillbecutdownnextThursday.C.先行词(物/人)+whose+名词…

Thecellphoneisstillingoodorder.Myauntboughtthecellphonein2016.whose：某人的/某物的

—Thecellphone(that/which)myauntboughtin2016isstillingoodorder.Doyouknowthestudent?His/HerfatherworksatthePeople'sBank.

l)Thefarmersplantedsometreesthat/whichdidn'tneedmuchwater.—DoyouknowthestudentwhosefatherworksatthePeople'sBank?

2)Hewhowillnotlearnwhenheisyoungwillregretitwhenheisold.Theschoolshopisclosedfortheholidays.Theschoolshop'scustomersaremainlystudents,

3)Hewh。doesn'treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.fTheschoolshop,whosecustomersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.

4)Hethatclimbshighfallsheavily.l)Thevillagersrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.

whoseparents

5)Hewilltellyoueverythingthatheheardaboutthegovernor.2)Thebossdonated3milliondollarstothechidrendiedinthe2008earthquake.

3)LastyearIboughtanancientChinesevasewhosepriceisveryreasonable.

B.地方+where(状语)+陈述句(where=at/on/inwhich]

时间+when(状语)+陈述句[when=at/on/inwhich]

♦1)1decidedtowriteaboutChaplin,oneofwhosofilmsIhadseenseveralyearsbefore.

【如连接词在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，那么连接词就只能用that/which]

♦2)OurEnglishteacher,w社hwhosehelpwehavemadegreatprogressinEnglish,hascompleted

TheywillflytoWashington.TheyplantostayinWashingtonfortwoorthreedays,

thirtyyearsofteaching.(withone'shelp)

fTheywillflytoWashington,wheretheyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.♦3)Thepeople,inwhosevillageItauqht38yearsaqo,arelivingagoodlife,(inone'svillage)

TheywillflytoWashington.WashingtonliesinthenortheastoftheUSA.♦4)OnMay12,2008,anearthquakestruck/hitsomeareasinWestChina,fromwhoseeffectsthe

—TheywillflytoWashingtonthat/whichliesiothenortheastoftheUSA.peopletherearestillsuffering.(sufferfrom)

•Finallyhereachedalonelyislandwhichwascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.D.先行词(人)+介词+whom+陈述句

先行词(物)+介词+which+陈述句

常这样用的介词有：常用复杂介词：asaresultof,becauseof,atthebackof,infrontof,

of(…的)inonataboutwithwithoutfortoafterabove

inthemiddleof,atthebottomof,onthetopof,atthefootof...

l)Theanimalthat/whichthescientistsareinterestedinisthetiger.

l)Thereisagreatpaininmyrightfoot,becauseofwhichIcanonlywalklikethis.

•Theanimalinwhichthescientistsareinterestedisthetiger.

2)Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatanoldman.

2)Theexpert(that/who/whom)myfatheristalkingwithisfromEurope.

•TheexpertwithwhommyfatheristalkingisfromEurope.3)Atlastwereachedthemountain,onthetopofwhichstandsaTVtower.

3)Mr.Blackistheperson(that/who/whom)Ishouldwritetoatonce.4)Atlastwereachedthemountain,atthefootofwhicharelotsofvillas(另(J墅).

•)Mr.BlackisthepersontowhomIshouldwriteatonce.5)ThismorningIsawamaninthestreet,ontheheadofwhomstoodamonkey.

4)Inthestreetthereisnobody(who/whom)Icanturntoforhelp.G.介词+which+名词：duringwhichtime(在那段时间期间)

•InthestreetthereisnobodytowhomIcanturnforhelp.

atwhichtime(在那个时间)inwhichcase(假如/如果那样的话)

[which：关系限定词，可译为：这，那】

5)Shewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,afterwhichshewentontoYaleUniversity.

l)Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom2013to2017,duringwhichtimehestudiedvery

6)Luckily,we'dbroughtaroadmapwithoutwhichwewouldhavelostourway.

7)Westillrememberthedayonwhich(when)hejoinedthearmy.hard.(定语从句)

8)Thatisthecityinwhich(where)hewasbom53yearsago.•Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom2013to2017.Duringthattimehestudiedveryhard.

E.名词/数词/some/many/most/all/both/none/neither/each/few/any/several/(不是定语从句)

either/half+ofwhich/whom...

2)Themancomeshereat6:00pm,atwhichtimeweareusuallyhavingsupper.

二ofwhich/whom+名词/数词/some/many/most/all/both/none...

3)Telephonemeat8:00am,bywhichtimeIshouldhavetheinformation.

l)Lastweek,twopeoplecametolookatthehouse,bothofwhomwantedtobuyit.

4)Thequestionsareontheuniverse,aboutwhichsubjectweknownothing.

2)Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofwhomIhadmetbefore.

3)1have9friends,oneofwhomisasoldier.5)Hemaywinthecompetition,inwhichcaseheislikelytogetintothenationalteam.

4)1have9friends,two/some/allofwhomaresoldiers.H.which代主句或主句的一部分所引导的定语从句：

5)Themanhas2sons,theolderofwhomisageneral.l)MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,whichmadealltheothersupset.

6)Thefactorymakes100shipseveryyear,80%ofwhicharesoldabroad.

2)Katehasmadegreatprogress,whichshockshermom.

7)1have9dictionaries,oneofwhichisveryexpensive.

3)They'vewontheirlastthreematches,whichIfindabitsurprising.

8)1have9dictionaries,two/some/allofwhichareexpensive.

4)Bettyalwaystellslies,whichwefindstrange.

9)Chinahasalotofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.

(否定句)

10)Thehouse,thewallo。whichwasdestroyedinthequake,hasbeenrepaired.5)Momtreatsmejustlikeababy,whichIcannotbear.

•Thehouse,whosewallwasdestroyedinthequake,hasbeenrepaired.I.as代主句或主句的一部分所引导的定语从句：

ll)Shehasabigclock,thehands(针)ofwhicharemadeofgold.定语从句在句首时；定语从句是被动结构时；定语从句含有“正如，像，如像”等意义时；

•Shehasabigclock,whosehandsaremadeofgold.关系代词用as。

F.复杂介词+关系代词(which,whom,whose)aswe/lknow:正如我们/我所知

asisknowntoall/us:众所周知A.whichIthinkisB.IthinkwhichitC.whichIthinkitisD.Ithinkwhichis

aswe/l/anyonecansee:正如我们/我/任何人能看到的4)Wehavesentupanotherman-madesatellite,isannouncedintoday'snewspaper.

ashasbeensaidbefore:像以前所说A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what

asisthecase:情况就是这样5)Helpingothersisahabit,youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.

asthesayinggoes:常言道；俗话说；谚语说；正如谚语/俗话所说A.itB.thatC.whatD.one

asoftenhappens:…经常发生6)Alotoflanguagelearning,hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyear

asismentionedabove:正如上面提至的oflife,soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.

l)Asissaid,youraunthasgoneabroad.A.asB.itC.whichD.this

2)Ashasbeenmentionedabove,thebridgewasbuiltin1600.7)TheScienceMuseum,wevisitedlastmonth,isoneofLondon'stouristattractions.

3)Asweknow,BritishEnglishisalittledifferentfromAmericanEnglish.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where

4)“Youcan5tjudgeabookbyitscover,“astheoldsayinqqoes(说).8)Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,theweathermaybebetter.

6)Asisthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when

7)Asisoftenthecasewithchildren,Amywasbetterbythetimethedoctorarrived.

8)Thenumberofsmokers,asisreported,hasdroppedby17percentinthepastoneyear.K.定语从句被省去主语和部分谓语：

J.限制性和非限制性定语从句：l)Shehadonly$2withwhichshecouldbuyhimapresent.

前者与主句关系密切，无从句,句意不完整。

•Shehadonly$2withwhichtobuyhimapresent.

后者与主句关系不是很密切，从句和主句间常有一逗号。

2)Thetwentyworkershaveonlytworoomsinwhichtheycanlive.

非限制性定语从句的连接词不能是that。

•Thetwentyworkershaveonlytworooms•whicht。live.

非限制性定语从句的连接词通常不能省去。

3)Frank5sdreamwastohavehisownfactoryinwhichhecouldproducethingswithhisownhands.

先行词（人），who/whom（宾语）

•Frank'sdreamwastohavehisownfactoryinwhichtoproducethingswithhisownhands.

先行词（人），who（主语）

先行词（物），which（主语，宾语）4)MydreamistohavealargefarmonwhichIcangrowlotsofappletrees.

先行词（时间），when（状语）•Mydreamistohavealargefarmonwhicht。grow10tsofappletrees.

先行词（地方），where（状语）5)1wanttofindamanherewithwhomIcanhaveatalk.

先行词（人/物），whose（定语）■Iwanttofindamanherewithwhomt。haveatalk.

先行词，介词+whom(人)/which(物)几种特殊的定语从句

l)Now,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren,isquiteunexpected.1.先行词为business,family,activity,race,job,work,position,stage,

A.thatB.whichC.whoD.itatmosphere,situation,case,stage,point(地点)等时，连接词在定语从句作状语

2)Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks,________animalsandplantscanbeprotected.时，定语从句常用关系副词where引导。

A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.wherel)Thewomanworksinabusinesswherw/(inwhich)everyoneisbusyalldaylong.

3)Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,ofgreatimportancetoscience.（business:职业,行业，企业，公司，商店）

2)A11theneighborsadmirethisfamilywhere/(inwhich)theparentsaretreatingtheirchildF.复合句中有两个定语从句，前句已有which时，后句用that。

likeafriend.G.主句是who,what,which开头的特殊问句时。

3)Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivitywheresightmattersmorethanl)HeisthetallestmanthatIhaveeverseenintheworld.

hearing.(活动)2)Thethirdforeigncountrythat1expecttovisitisBritain.

4)Lifeislikealongracewherewecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.(比赛)3)PleasetellthestudentssomethingthatyouknowabouttheChineseDream.

5)1findteachingfunandchallenging.Itisajobwhereyouaredoingsomethingseriousbut4)Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.

interesting.5)Isthereanythingthatyouwanttodotoday?

6)Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatworkwhereagood6)Thereisnothingthatwecaedoforsuchaperson.

impressionisamust.7)Thisistheonly/veryanimalthatlivesinthisforest.

7)Salesdirectorisapositionwherecommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassales.8)Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe'stheonlyoneofthewomenthatwearsaneveningdress.

(职务；职位)9)Mr.Brownistheonlypersoninourschoolthat/wh。willattendthemeeting.

8)Todaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostalltherights.(地点)10)AlIthefarmerswho/thatarerresertatthemeetingwillgetsomebooksaboutagriculture.

9)Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmospherewherehisemployeesll)Pleasesendusalltheinformationthatyouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.

enjoytheirwork.12)TheywilltalkabouttheplantsandthepeoplethattheysawinTibet.

2.先行词为stay(停留；逗留)，occasion(时机/时间incident停件)，point(时间)等时，13)Inthepondtherearelotsoffishesthatareeatingsomethinghappily.

连接词在定语从句作状语时，定语从句常用关系副词when引导。14)Thereareaboutnineteachersintheofficewhoarepreparinglessons.

15)Mycousinwillsellthehousewhichwasbuiltin2010thatstandsonthetopofthemountain.

DShe'llneverforgetherstaytherewhenshefoundhermissingson.

16)Whoistheguythatisstandingatthegate?

2)OccasionsarequiterarewhenIhavethetimetospeedholidayswithmyfamily.

17)Whichistheschoolthattheworkersbuiltlastyear?

3)Maybethedisappearanceofthedinosaurcameafteranunexpectedincidentwhenahugerock

18)Whothatbreakthewindowshouldbepunished.

fi~omspacehittheearthandputtoomuchdustintotheair.

•先行词是someone/somebody,anyone/anybody,everyone/everybody,nobody,

4)Willtherebeapoint/timewhenIcanget20,000dollarsamonth?all,one,ones等指人时，关系代词用that,who,whom(宾语)都可以。

5)TodayIwillgoonwiththestoryatthepointwheretheheroisabouttorescuethegirl.1)1willtellthegoodnewstoeveryonethat/whowillgosightseeingnextweek.

[第5)和第6)两句point的意思是“地点”。第6)的point也可以看作时间。】2)Anyone(that/who/whom)youmentionedjustnowwillbegiventwodollars.

6)Wehavecometoapoint(a、which)/where/wheiiwemustdecidewhattodointhefuture.・先行词为that指物时，定语从句用which;先行词为those指物时，定语从句用

3,定语从句常用that的情况：which/that;先行词为those指人时，定语从句可以用who/that,who更常见：

A.名词前有最高级，序数词。

l)Whatwasthatwhichyousawintheskylastnight?

B.all,some,much,little,few,none,everything,anything,nothing,something等指物时。

2)Whatarethosewhichshewantstoreread?

C.先行词前有all,every,some,any,no,little,much,few,one,theonly/very/right/last/next时。

3)Youmustfindthosethat/whichmayattracttopscientists.

当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词whoo

D.先行词既有人又有物时。4)Thosewho/thatwanttoflytoTaiwanmustsignhereaftertheparty.

E.Therebe+物♦that・・・・。[Therebe+A+who...]5)Godwillpunishthosethat/whohavedonebaddeeds.

4.几种固定结构的定语从句:tothestation.

先行词+inwhich/that/不用连词

(way)6)♦Thisisthereasonthatshegaveusforherabsencefromthelecture.

先行词(manner)+inwhich

7)1don'tliketheway(inwhich)/thatyoutreatyourchildren.(状语)

先行词(means)+bywhich

8)Mr.Brownhasagiftforexplainingmathematicalconceptsinwaysthatmakethemseemclear

先行词(method)+by/withwhich

andobvious.(主语)

先行词(situation)+inwhich/where

9)1willbuythesamejacketasyouarewearing.

先行词(case)*inwhich/where

先行词(condition)+inwhich/where10)Shehasboughtthesamecellphoneasisonthetable.

先行词(business)+inwhich/wherell)Thisisthe(same)monkeythatIsawintheforest20minutesago.

+

先行词(point)atwhich/where(point:地方)12)Thisisthe(same)girlthatwemetwithinthedesertlastautumn.

先行词(point)+when(point:时间)

13)Thisisthe(same)bookstorewhereweboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.

先行词(reason)+why/forwhich

14)TheywillseesuchfilmsaswereshownatthecinemalastTuesday.

先行词(trend)+inwhich

15)Don,ttrustsuchpeopleaspraiseyoutoyourfacebutspeakillofyoubehindyourback.

先行词(occasion)+inwhich/when(occasion:时间)

16)Thestudentmadeasmuchprogressaswehadexpected.

[以上情况连接词作状语时才这么用;,如连接词作主语或者宾语，那么就该用that/whicho]

thesame......as....和什么相同的另外的物17)Intheschoollibraryyoucanborrowasmanybooksasyouwant.

thesame.....that...„：（原人/原物）18)Asmanychildrenascametomybirthdaypartyweregivensomecakes.

thesame...where.和什么相同的地方19)Heissuchagoodboyaswealllike.(定语从句)

such..........as..........■和什么类似・・・

•Heissuchagoodboythatwealllikehim.(结果状语从句)

■

as___.......as............定语从句等练习题

helpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.

1.Doyouhaveanythinginmindyou'dlikeforsupper?

2)Nowwecanseeclearlythemethodbywhichthemachineworks.

------Well,,isOKwithme.

3)1canthinkofmanycaseswherestudentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandA.that;anythingB.which;everythingC.what;whateverD.where;something

expressionsbutcouldn'twriteagoodessay.2.Thewrongyou'vedonehimisterrible,foryoushouldmakeanapologytohim,Ithink.

A.thisB.whichC.whatD.that

4)DrFosterthinksthatanytrendinwhichthetemperatureincreasesby5degreeswouldleadto

3.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,ofgreatimportancetoscience.

acatastrophe.

A.whichIthinkitisB.whichIthinkisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkwhichis

5)Thereasonwhy/(forwhich)theymissedthetrainwasthattheircarbrokedownontheway4.ThisisthehospitaltheyvisitedlastyearandistheoneIworkedin