备考2025届高考英语一轮复习课时提能第一部分过透教材Unit4Breakingboundaries外研版选择性必修第二册

Unit4Breakingboundaries一、阅读理解A[中国情怀/2024江苏徐州5月考前模拟]AtarestaurantinSingapore，aserverisbusyswervingbetweentablesandbringingdishestohungrycustomers.However，theserverisnotahumanbutadeliveryrobotdevelopedbyShanghai-basedunicornKeenonRobotics.Therestaurant’scutecartoon-likeemployeeaddsasenseofwarmthtohelppersonalizethediningexperience.Inrecentyears，deliveryrobotshavebeenpopularinforeigncountries.AccordingtoLiTong，founderandCEOofKeenonRobotics，salesrevenueofKeenonalmostdoubledlastyearandmorethanhalfofthecompany’srobotswereshippedtoforeignmarketsin2024.Foundedin2010，KeenonRoboticsleveragesitsfullyautonomouspositioningandnavigationtechnologytoofferrobotsbothathomeandabroad，includingserver，disinfection，deliveryandlogisticsrobots."Inthefieldofindustrialrobots，whichisknownas‘thecrownjewelofmanufacturing’，Chinesecompanieshavealreadyturnedfromfollowerstoleaders.Corecomponentsusedtorelyheavilyonimports，butinrecentyearswehaveachievedbreakthroughsincrucialtechnologiesandarequicklycatchingup，"Lisaid.Chinaistheworld’slargestmarketfortheindustrialrobotindustry.SalesofindustrialrobotsinChinareachedover300，000unitslastyear，accountingformorethanhalfofglobalsales.Aresearchreportsaidtheworld’sserviceroboticsmarketisprojectedtogrowfrom$36.2billionin2024to$103.3billionby2026andhighreturnsoninvestmentisthekeyfactordrivingtheserviceroboticsmarket.Withsuchadvantagesasrelativelylowmanufacturingcostsandasounddomesticsupplyandindustrialchain，Chineseroboticscompaniesareexpectedtofurtherknockonthedoorsofrisingmarketsglobally.However，ZhangWeijiong，aprofessorfromtheChinaEuropeInternationalBusinessSchool，pointedoutthattherearestillproblems.Theymustabidebythelawsandregulationsoverseasandfollowvariousindustrialandtechnicalstandards.Therefore，theyneedtoestablishcorrespondingchannelsandteamstofacilitateroboticsproductstoentertheinternationalmarket.这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在被称为"制造业皇冠上的明珠"的工业机器人领域，中国公司已经从追随者变成了领导者。凭借相对较低的制造成本和完善的国内供应链和产业链等优势，中国机器人公司有望进一步敲开全球新兴市场的大门。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"leverages"inparagraph3mean？A.Applies. B.Imports.C.Changes. D.Evaluates.解析A词义揣测题。由"itsfullyautonomouspositioningandnavigationtechnologytoofferrobotsbothathomeandabroad，includingserver，disinfection，deliveryandlogisticsrobots"可知，下文说的是其全自主的定位和导航技术的详细应用。由此可知，画线词的含义应为"应用"，故选A项。2.WhatcontributestothearisingoftheChineseservicerobotsoverseas？A.Loweredprices.B.Enhancedpurchasingpower.C.Masteringcoretechnologies.D.Enoughhumanresources.解析C微小环节理解题。由第四段中的"Inthefieldofindustrialrobots，whichisknownas‘thecrownjewelofmanufacturing’，Chinesecompanieshavealreadyturnedfromfollowerstoleaders.Corecomponentsusedtorelyheavilyonimports，butinrecentyearswehaveachievedbreakthroughsincrucialtechnologiesandarequicklycatchingup"可知，为中国的服务机器人在海外的崛起做贡献的是关键技术上取得的突破，故选C项。3.WhatdoesProfessorZhangWeijiongemphasize？A.TheadvantagesofChineseroboticscompanies.B.Thegoldenopportunitytoexpandrobotexport.C.Comparisonsofdomesticandoverseasmarkets.D.AfewchallengesChineseroboticsfirmsface.解析D推理推断题。依据最终一段中的"However，ZhangWeijiong，aprofessorfromtheChinaEuropeInternationalBusinessSchool，pointedoutthattherearestillproblems"可推知，张教授认为中国机器人公司面临挑战，故选D项。4.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.BoostingofoverseasmarketB.PopularityofdeliveryrobotsC.CrownjewelofmanufacturingD.RisingofChineseindustrialrobots解析D标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国工业机器人的崛起，故选D项。B[2024湖北名校第一次联合测评]Desperatelyillandseekingamiracle，DavidBennettSr.tookthelastbetonJan.7whenhebecamethefirsthumantobesuccessfullytransplantedwiththeheartofapig."Itcreatesthebeat；itcreatesthepressure；itishisheart，"declaredBartleyGriffith，directorofthesurgicalteamthatperformedtheoperationattheUniversityofMarylandMedicalCenter.Bennett，then57，heldonthrough60tomorrows，farlongerthananypreviouspatientwho’dreceivedaheartfromanotherspecies.Hisremarkablerunofferednewhopethatsuchprocedures，knownasxenotransplantation（异种器官移植），couldhelprelievetheshortageofreplacementorgans，savingthousandsofliveseachyear.Theearliestattemptsatxenotransplantationoforgans，involvingkidneysfromrabbits，goats，andotheranimals，occurredintheearly20thcentury，decadesbeforethefirstsuccessfulhuman-to-humantransplants.Rejection，whichoccurswhentherecipient’sbodysystemrecognizesthedonororganasaforeignobjectandattacksit，followedwithinhoursordays.Resultsimprovedaftersomespecialdrugsarrivedinthe1960s，butmostrecipientsstilldiedafterafewweeks.Therecordforaheartxenotransplantwassetin1983，whenaninfantnamedBabyFaesurvivedfor20dayswithanorganfromababoon（狒狒）.Inrecentyears，however，advancesingeneeditinghaveopenedanewpossibility：re-editsomegenesinanimalstoprovideuser-friendlyspareparts.Pigscouldbeidealforthispurpose，becausethey’reeasytoraiseandreachadulthumansizeinmonths.Somebiotechcompanies，includingRevivicor，areinvestingheavilyinthefield.ThedonorpigwasofferedbyRevivicorfromalineofanimalsinwhich10geneshadbeenre-editedtoimprovetheheart’scondition.Beyondthat，thepigwasraisedinisolationandtestedregularlyforvirusesthatcouldinfecthumansordamagetheorganitself.Thismedicalbreakthroughprovidedanalternativeforthe20％ofpatientsonthehearttransplantwaitinglistwhodiewhilewaitingorbecometoosicktobeagoodcandidate.本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了第一个胜利移植猪心脏的人，他坚持了60天，比以往任何接受过其他物种心脏移植的病人都要长得多。他的精彩表现给人们带来了新的希望，即这种被称为异种移植的手术可以帮助缓解替代器官的短缺，每年挽救数千人的生命。这一医学突破为心脏移植等待名单上20％的患者供应了另一种选择。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"run"inparagraph2referto？A.Donatinghishearttoapatient.B.Performingtheheartoperation.C.Livingfor60daysaftertheoperation.D.Receivinganewheartfromapig.解析C词语指代题。由其次段"Bennett，then57，heldonthrough60tomorrows，farlongerthananypreviouspatientwho’dreceivedaheartfromanotherspecies.Hisremarkablerun...savingthousandsofliveseachyear"可知，Hisremarkablerun指的是上文提到的"当时57岁的Bennett坚持了60天"，即接受猪心脏移植手术后活了60天，故选C。2.Whichaspectofxenotransplantationdoesparagraph3mainlyfocuson？A.Itshistory. B.Itsprocedure.C.Itsconsequence. D.Itssignificance.解析A段落大意题。通读第三段可知，第三段主要介绍了异种器官移植的历史，故选A。3.Whatmakespigsidealforprovidingsparepartsinxenotransplantation？A.Theirgrowthrateandhealthcondition.B.Theirlifepatternandresistancetoviruses.C.Theireasinessofkeepingandrapidgrowth.D.Theirinvestmentvalueandnaturalqualities.解析C微小环节理解题。依据第四段中的"Pigscouldbeidealforthispurpose，becausethey’reeasytoraiseandreachadulthumansizeinmonths."可知，猪易养且生长速度快，是异种器官移植的志向供体，故选C。4.WhywasBennett’soperationregardedasabreakthrough？A.Itintroducednewmedicationstopreventorganrejection.B.Itprovedthepotentialforusingorgansfromvariousanimals.C.Itguaranteedasufficientsupplyofdonorpigsfortransplants.D.Itofferedaprospectofreplacementorgansthroughgeneediting.解析D推理推断题。由倒数其次段中的"Inrecentyears，however，advancesingeneeditinghaveopenedanewpossibility：re-editsomegenesinanimalstoprovideuser-friendlyspareparts."及最终一段"Thismedicalbreakthroughprovidedanalternativeforthe20％ofpatientsonthehearttransplantwaitinglistwhodiewhilewaitingorbecometoosicktobeagoodcandidate"可推知，Bennett的手术被认为是一个突破，因为它供应了通过基因编辑替代器官的前景，故选D。二、完形填空[奋斗精神/2024重庆巴蜀中学高考适应性考试]ShawnCheshirerodeacrossthecountryonherbicycle，dependingonJesseCrandall，achemistryprofessor，toguidehereverystepoftheway.Cheshirelosther1afteranaccidentyearsagoandturnedto2becauseshebelievedsportsandphysicalchallengesgaveher"anotheropportunityof3".ThroughafriendshipwithCrandall，shehas4bicyclingtoheractivities，travelingacrossthecountry，meetingandinspiringpeopleallalongtheway.ToCrandall，teachingandguidingareabouthelpingothersthrough5."Formanystudents，chemistryissomethingtheyhavenoexperiencewith，"Crandallsaid."So，whenI’mteaching，ithelpstothinkaboutmyexperiences6myblindfriendCheshire.ThenItrytalkingaboutthelessoninalanguagethat，7，everybodycanunderstand."CrandallandCheshirehavebeenskiing，climbingandbicyclingtogetherforthepastdecade.In2024，the8facedthesteepterrainoftheGrandCanyon，completinga9hikinginjustover24hours.Astheywalked42milesthroughthenight，Cheshire10warningsofdangersfromCrandall，aswellasthenoiseofthebellhewore，which11astheyadvanced.In2024，Cheshire12anotherworldrecordbyridingherownbicyclefromthePacificOceantotheAtlanticOcean.Whiletheirnextadventureremainsuncertain，Crandallknowsthatthereareno13withCheshire.TheyhavediscussedskiingacrossAntarcticaasapotentialfutureendeavor.Their14andshareddeterminationwillcontinuetomotivateotherstoovercomesetbacksand15boundaries.本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是ShawnCheshire失明后在化学教授的指导和陪伴下一起滑雪、登山和骑自行车，突破自身极限的励志故事。1.A.hearing B.sightC.balance D.mind解析B由第6空后的"myblindfriendCheshire"可知，她是失明白，loseone’ssight意为"失明"，故选B。2.A.religion B.natureC.athletics D.art解析C由"sportsandphysicalchallenges"可知，她在失明后起先进行体育活动，故选C。3.A.living B.winningC.learning D.testing解析A由"travelingacrossthecountry，meetingandinspiringpeopleallalongtheway"可知，她觉得运动可以给她另一种生活的机会，故选A。4.A.introduced B.adaptedC.added D.applied解析C由"toheractivities"和下文中的"bicyclingtogether"可知，她起先骑行，也就是把骑自行车加入到她的活动中，add...to...意为"把……加入到……中"，故选C。5.A.disasters B.obstaclesC.delays D.injuries解析B对Crandall来说，教学和指导与帮助他人克服障碍有关。disaster灾难，obstacle障碍，delay推迟，injury伤。B项切题。6.A.interviewing B.evaluatingC.following D.coaching解析D由第一段中的"dependingonJesseCrandall，achemistryprofessor，toguidehereverystepoftheway"可知，Crandall指导盲人挚友Cheshire，故选D。interview采访；evaluate评价；follow跟随；coach训练，指导。7.A.theoretically B.unexpectedlyC.occasionally D.hopefully解析D句意：然后我试着用一种每个人都有望理解的语言来讲解并描述这堂课。theoretically理论上，unexpectedly出乎意料地，occasionally间或，hopefully有希望地。故选D。8.A.pair B.familyC.community D.army解析A句意：2024年，两人面对科罗拉多大峡谷陡峭的地形，在24小时内完成了一次具有挑战性的徒步旅行。Crandall和Cheshire是两个人，故选A。9.A.refreshing B.relaxingC.challenging D.tragic解析C由"thesteepterrainoftheGrandCanyon"可知，大峡谷地形陡峭，所以这是一次有挑战性的徒步旅行，故选C。refreshing使人激扬的，relaxing令人放松的，challenging具有挑战性的，tragic凄惨的。10.A.caredabout B.listenedforC.preparedfor D.respondedto解析B句意：他们在夜间走了42英里，Cheshire一边听着Crandall发出的紧急警告，一边听着他戴的铃铛发出的声音，铃铛随着他们的前进作响。careabout关切，listenfor倾听，preparefor为……做打算，respondto回答。故选B。11.A.broke B.fellC.shone D.sounded解析D参见上题解析。sound发出声音。12.A.set B.monitoredC.funded D.issued解析A由"byridingherownbicyclefromthePacificOceantotheAtlanticOcean"可知，Cheshire自己骑自行车从太平洋到大西洋，这是一项世界纪录，所以她是创下了这项纪录，setarecord意为"创建纪录"，故选A。13.A.secrets B.promisesC.limits D.choices解析C由上文"Cheshire12anotherworldrecordbyridingherownbicyclefromthePacificOceantotheAtlanticOcean"可知，Cheshire虽然失明，但是却能创建这样的纪录，所以Crandall觉得Cheshire的实力是没有极限的，故选C。14.A.bond B.encouragementC.techniques D.preferences解析14.A由第一段中的"ShawnCheshirerodeacrossthecountryonherbicycle，dependingonJesseCrandall，achemistryprofessor，toguidehereverystepoftheway"可知，ShawnCheshire由化学教授JesseCrandall指导，骑着自行车横穿全国，所以他们两个的关系是很紧密的，此处表示"他们的关系"，故选A。bond关系，encouragement激励，technique技巧，preference偏爱。15.A.establish B.pushC.respect D.maintain解析15.B由"overcomesetbacks"和"boundaries"可知，此处表示克服挫折，突破界限，pushboundaries意为"突破界限"，故选B。三、语法填空[中华文化/2024浙江强基联盟10月统测]AncientChinesehealingmethods1（spread）alongtheSilkRoadforovertwomillennia，buttheBeltandRoadInitiative（BRI）hasfurtherboostedtheinternationalizationofthetraditionalChinesemedicine（TCM）.Currentlycelebratingits10thanniversary，theBRI，2aimsaretobetterconnecttheworldandexpandcommonprosperity，hasbroughtthehealingpowersofTCM3morecountriesandregions，bridgingdifferentculturesandpromotinginternationalcooperation.InBudapest，theTraditionalChineseMedicineCenterofHungary（QihuangCenter）provides4rayofhopeforpatientsseekingrelieffromvarioushealthissues.OnesuchpatientisJozsefFrenyo，a78-year-old5（retire）teacherwhosuffersfromhearingimpairmentduetoaninflammation（