高考英语题型专项训练07 心脏健康

高考英语专项训练07心脏健康语法填空心肺健康与运动Beingfitearlierinlifeisassociatedwithareducedrisk,insomecasesofup______42%,ofdevelopingninedifferenttypesofcancerinlaterlife,accordingtoalargelong-termstudy.Thenewstudy,__________(publish)intheBritishJournalofSportsMedicine,drewfromdatafrommorethan1millionmaleSwedishconscriptsbetween16and25,whowerefollowedforanaverageof33yearsfrom1968to2005.Theresultssuggestedthatgoodcardiorespiratory________(fit)–anindividual’sabilitytoengageinsustainedaerobicexercisessuchasrunning,cycling,andswimming–wasassociatedwitha42%reducedriskoflungcancer,a40%reducedriskoflivercanceranda39%reducedriskofoesophagealcancer.Itwasalsoassociatedwitha________(low)riskofheadandneck,stomach,pancreaticbowelandkidneycancer.___________(reduce)cancerriskisnottheonlyreasontoexercise.Therearecompoundbenefitsacrossemotionalhealthandpreventingcardiovasculardisease.Theleadresearcher,DrAronOnerup,said“somephysicalactivityisbetterthannone,thatmorephysicalactivityisbetterforoptimalhealthoutcomes”,andemphasisedthatitisnevertoolate_________(get)fittoreaphealthprotectivebenefits.Asforhowmuchexercise,DrClaireKnight,seniorhealthinformationmanageratCancerResearchUK,recommended150minutesofexerciseaweek,butsaid:“Youdon’tneedtorunamarathonorjoinagym–anythingthatgetsyouwarmer,___________(slight)outofbreath,andyourheartbeatingfastercounts."Itdoesn’tmatterifyougoforabriskwalk,acyclewithafriend,orevengetthehousework________(do),thesecouldallcountaswaystobeactive.”微笑与心脏健康Theoldadagethat“laughteristhebestmedicine”maycontainanelementoftruth_______itcomestohearthealth.Astudyhasdemonstratedthathavingachucklecausesthetissueinsidetheheart_________(expand)–andincreasesoxygenflowaroundthebody.Patientswithcoronaryarterydisease_______engagedinacourseoflaughtertherapyhadreducedinflammationandbetterhealth,theresearchfound."Ourstudyfoundthatlaughtertherapyincreasedthefunctionalcapacityofthecardiovascularsystem,”saidtheleadauthor,ProfMarcoSaffi,oftheHospitaldeClínicasdePortoAlegreinBrazil.The___________(find)werepresentedattheannualmeetingoftheEuropeanSocietyofCardiologyinAmsterdam,theworld’slargestheartconference.Inthetrial,scientistscarried_______afirst-of-its-kindstudytoexamineiflaughtertherapycouldimprovesymptomsofpatientswithheartdisease.Itinvolved26adultswithanaverageageof64,alldiagnosedwithcoronaryarterydisease,__________(cause)byplaquebuildupinthewallsofthearteriesthatsupplybloodtotheheart.Overthreemonths,halfwereaskedtowatchtwodifferenthour-longcomedyprogrammeseachweek,includingpopularsitcoms.Theotherhalfwatchedtwodifferentseriousdocumentaries,abouttopicssuchaspoliticsortheAmazonrainforest.Attheendofthe12-weekstudyperiod,thecomedygroupimprovedby10%inatest_____________(measure)howmuchoxygentheirheartcouldpumparoundthebody.Thegroupalsoimprovedinasecondmeasurethattestedhowwellarteriescanexpand.Theyalsohadbloodteststomeasureseveralinflammatorybiomarkers,whichindicatehowmuchplaquehasbuiltupinthebloodvessels,and_____________peopleareatriskofheartattackorstroke.Theresultsshowedthattheseinflammatorymarkershad____________(significant)reducedcomparedwiththecontrolgroup."Whenpatientswithcoronaryarterydiseasearriveathospital,theyhavealotofinflammatorybiomarkers,”saidSaffi.“Inflammationisahugepartoftheprocessofatherosclerosis,whenplaquebuildsupinthearteries."Thisstudyfoundthatlaughtertherapyisagoodinterventionthatcouldhelpreducethatinflammationanddecreasetherisk______heartattackandstroke.话题阅读AOneafternoonwhilepreparingdinnerinherkitchen,AnnePeters,a32-year-oldAmericanhousewife,suddenlyhadseverepainsinherchestaccompaniedbyshortnessofbreath.Frightenedbythethoughtthatshewashavingaheartattack,Annescreamedforhelp.HerhusbandimmediatelyrushedAnnetoanearbyhospitalwhereherpainswerediagnosedashavingbeencausedbypanic,andnotaheartattack.MoreandmoreAmericansnowadaysarehavingpanicattacksliketheoneexperiencedbyAnnePeters.Studiesdiscoverthatapproximately1.2millionadultindividualsarecurrentlysufferingfromsevereandrecurrentpanicattacks.Therehavebeenalotofexplanationsastothecausesofpanicattacks.Manyclaimthatpsychologicalstresscouldbealogicalcause,butasyet,noevidencehasbeenfoundtosupportthistheory.Recentreportshaveshownthereareatleastthreesignsthatindicateapersonissufferingfromapanicattackratherthanaheartattack.Thefirstisage.Peoplebetweentheagesof20and30aremoreoftenvictimsofpanicattacks.Thesecondissex.Morewomensufferfromrecurrentpanicattacksthanmen.Thethirdisthevarietyofsymptoms.Aheartattackvictimoftenexperiencesonlypainandshortnessofbreathwhileapanicattackvictimusuallysuffersmoresymptomsthanthetwomentioned.Itisgenerallyagreedthatapanicattackdoesnotdirectlyendangeraperson’slife.Allthesame,itcannegativelyaffectaperson’slifebymakinghimorhersoafraidofhavingapanicattackatapublicplacethatheorshemayrefusetoleavehome.Dr.Crocker’sadvicetoanyonewhothinksheissufferingfromapanicattackistoconsultadoctorforamedicalexaminationtoruleoutthepossibilitiesofphysicalillnessfirst.Onceithasbeenconfirmedthatheorsheis,infact,sufferingfromapanicattack,thevictimshouldturntopsychologistsanddoctors.1．What’swrongwithAnne?A．Herbreathstopped. B．Shehurtherchest.C．Shesufferedfromaheartattack D．Shewentthroughapanicattack.2．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A．Panicattacksshowavarietyofsymptoms.B．Panicattacksgohandinhandwithheartattacks.C．Theelderlyaremorelikelytohavepanicattacks.D．Psychologicalstressisboundtocausepanicattacks.3．WhatisDr.Crocker’sadvicetovictimsofpanicattack?A．Tohaveathoroughmedicalcheck.B．Toruleoutthepossibilitiesofillness.C．Toseekpsychologicalandmedicalhelp.D．Toexaminethesymptomsontheirown.B“Iwasdeadfor67minutes.It’samiraclethatI’mheretoday.”ThosearethewordsofBruceRichardson,whosurvivedacardiacarrest(心脏骤停)inJuly2016thankstothequickactionsofhisfriendsandthefirstresponderswhorefusedtogiveup.Itwasanearlysummermorning,atypicalSaturday.Brucevolunteeredasusualinthecommunitycenter.“Ihadnosymptomsthattherewasanyproblem.Itwasacompletelynormalmorning;Ifeltfine,”heshared.“Iwasvisitingwithfriends.Then,Ipassedout.WhathappenednextIknowfromwhatothershavetoldme.”Bruce’sfriend,Jack,hadlearnedhowtoperformCPR,andhequicklybeganchestcompressions.Anotherfriend,Doug,dialed911andtheoperatorwalkedhimthroughcompressionsuntilfirstrespondersarrived.Oncetheambulancearrived,theparamedicstriedfivetimestorestartBruce’sheartwithanAED．Bythistime,Brucehadbeenwithoutaheartbeatforover30minutes,oftenwhentimeofdeathiscalled.Onthephonewithanemergencyroomdoctor.oneoftheparamedicswasinstructedtotrytwoAEDssimultaneously(同时).Itworked;Bruce’sheartbegantobeatagain.Incredibly,heawokethenextdayandwasabletocommunicate.Afteraweek,Brucemadeafullrecoveryandleftthehospital.SinceBruce’scardiacarrest,hehassincebeenabletoresumeanormallifewithsomedifferences.HenowisapassionateCPRadvocate.Hehassharedhisstoryinthenews,andlastyearhewasaguestspeakerattheAssociation’sIndianapolisHeart&StrokeBalltoencouragepeopletospreadthemessageofCPR.Finally,BrucesharedhisstoryinavideonowbeingusedtopromoteAmericanHeartAssociationHands-OnlyCPRkiosksinstalledaroundthecountry.4．WhatmadeBruce’ssurvivalfromasevereheartattackpossible?A．Thedoctor’sfirstaidwithoutdelay.B．Hisfriends’properguidanceonperformingCPR.C．Hisvolunteerexperiencesinthecommunitycenter.D．Theinstantactionsofhisfriendsandthefirstresponders.5．WhydidBrucesharehisstoryinavideo?A．ToadvocatetheapplicationofCPR. B．Toappealtomorepeopletovolunteer.C．Tosharehisstruggleforanormallife. D．Toenhancepeople’sawarenessoffitness.6．WhatcanwelearnfromBruce’sstory?A．Hardworkwillpayoffoneday. B．Theknowledgeoffirstaidcounts.C．Learningtoliveinthepresentmatters. D．Easeyourmindwhenpanicarises.7．Whatisthetext?A．Aresearchpaper. B．Abookreview.C．Anewsreport. D．Acourseadvertisement.话题七选五Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.8Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.“Asmallchangeinyoureverydayroutinecanpotentiallyhaveabigimpactinthelongrun,”sayspreventivecardiologistDr.BethAbramson.●Geteighthoursofsleep.“Whenyou'renotrested,everythingthathappensinyourlifeisalotmorestressful,”saysDr.AryaSharma,aprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofAlberta.Ifwe'resleepdeprived,ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels.9●10Doinggoodforothershelpsyourself-esteemandrelievesstress.ResearchpublishedinPsychosomaticMedicinein2016showedthatafeelingofpurposeinlifeislinkedtoalowerlikelihoodofheartattackandstroke.“Weknowthatlonelinessisariskfactorforhearthealth,”addsSharma.“Volunteeringgetsyououtofthehouseandcreatesasocialnetwork.”●Avoidpollutedair.Exposuretothiskindofpollutionovertimeraisesyourriskofheartdisease.InhalingcontaminantsformedfromchemicalslikeSulphur(硫)dioxide,carbonandnitrogenoxidesmayirritatearteries(动脉)andincreaseinflammation.11Trytogetyouroutdoorexercisefarawayfromhighwaysandindustrialdistricts,andspendmoretimeindoorswhentheairqualityindexispoor.●Eatbreakfast.ArecentstudyintheJournaloftheAmericanCollegeofCardiologyfoundthathealthypeoplewhoskippedbreakfastwerealmostthreetimesmorelikelytohaveheartdiseasesixyearslaterthanthosewhopartookinasubstantialmorningmeal.AccordingtoAbramson,youneedtoeatabalanceddietaspartofahealthylifestyle.12Ifyou'reeatingaproperbreakfast,you’relesslikelytobehungrylaterandmakepoorfoodchoices.A．Besocialandoutgoing.B．Engageinvoluntarywork.C．Therearephysiologicaleffectsofthisconditiononthebody.D．Thesefactorscanallhaveanimpactoncardiovascular(心血管的)health.E．Choosewhole-grain,low-fatbreakfastfoodsandincludefruit.F．Somestrategies,suchasexercisingandmanagingweight,arewellknown.G．Evenshortperiodsofexposureareunhealthyforpeoplewithotherhealthrisks.专项训练07心脏健康语法填空心肺健康与运动Beingfitearlierinlifeisassociatedwithareducedrisk,insomecasesofupto42%,ofdevelopingninedifferenttypesofcancerinlaterlife,accordingtoalargelong-termstudy.Thenewstudy,publishedintheBritishJournalofSportsMedicine,drewfromdatafrommorethan1millionmaleSwedishconscriptsbetween16and25,whowerefollowedforanaverageof33yearsfrom1968to2005.Theresultssuggestedthatgoodcardiorespiratoryfitness–anindividual’sabilitytoengageinsustainedaerobicexercisessuchasrunning,cycling,andswimming–wasassociatedwitha42%reducedriskoflungcancer,a40%reducedriskoflivercanceranda39%reducedriskofoesophagealcancer.Itwasalsoassociatedwithalowerriskofheadandneck,stomach,pancreaticbowelandkidneycancer.Reducingcancerriskisnottheonlyreasontoexercise.Therearecompoundbenefitsacrossemotionalhealthandpreventingcardiovasculardisease.Theleadresearcher,DrAronOnerup,said“somephysicalactivityisbetterthannone,thatmorephysicalactivityisbetterforoptimalhealthoutcomes”,andemphasisedthatitisnevertoolatetogetfittoreaphealthprotectivebenefits.Asforhowmuchexercise,DrClaireKnight,seniorhealthinformationmanageratCancerResearchUK,recommended150minutesofexerciseaweek,butsaid:“Youdon’tneedtorunamarathonorjoinagym–anythingthatgetsyouwarmer,slightlyoutofbreath,andyourheartbeatingfastercounts."Itdoesn’tmatterifyougoforabriskwalk,acyclewithafriend,orevengetthehouseworkdone,thesecouldallcountaswaystobeactive.”微笑与心脏健康Theoldadagethat“laughteristhebestmedicine”maycontainanelementoftruthwhenitcomestohearthealth.Astudyhasdemonstratedthathavingachucklecausesthetissueinsidethehearttoexpand–andincreasesoxygenflowaroundthebody.Patientswithcoronaryarterydiseasewhoengagedinacourseoflaughtertherapyhadreducedinflammationandbetterhealth,theresearchfound."Ourstudyfoundthatlaughtertherapyincreasedthefunctionalcapacityofthecardiovascularsystem,”saidtheleadauthor,ProfMarcoSaffi,oftheHospitaldeClínicasdePortoAlegreinBrazil.ThefindingswerepresentedattheannualmeetingoftheEuropeanSocietyofCardiologyinAmsterdam,theworld’slargestheartconference.Inthetrial,scientistscarriedoutafirst-of-its-kindstudytoexamineiflaughtertherapycouldimprovesymptomsofpatientswithheartdisease.Itinvolved26adultswithanaverageageof64,alldiagnosedwithcoronaryarterydisease,causedbyplaquebuildupinthewallsofthearteriesthatsupplybloodtotheheart.Overthreemonths,halfwereaskedtowatchtwodifferenthour-longcomedyprogrammeseachweek,includingpopularsitcoms.Theotherhalfwatchedtwodifferentseriousdocumentaries,abouttopicssuchaspoliticsortheAmazonrainforest.Attheendofthe12-weekstudyperiod,thecomedygroupimprovedby10%inatestmeasuringhowmuchoxygentheirheartcouldpumparoundthebody.Thegroupalsoimprovedinasecondmeasurethattestedhowwellarteriescanexpand.Theyalsohadbloodteststomeasureseveralinflammatorybiomarkers,whichindicatehowmuchplaquehasbuiltupinthebloodvessels,andwhetherpeopleareatriskofheartattackorstroke.Theresultsshowedthattheseinflammatorymarkershadsignificantlyreducedcomparedwiththecontrolgroup."Whenpatientswithcoronaryarterydiseasearriveathospital,theyhavealotofinflammatorybiomarkers,”saidSaffi.“Inflammationisahugepartoftheprocessofatherosclerosis,whenplaquebuildsupinthearteries."Thisstudyfoundthatlaughtertherapyisagoodinterventionthatcouldhelpreducethatinflammationanddecreasetheriskofheartattackandstroke.话题阅读1．D2．A3．C【来源】浙江省绍兴市诸暨二中2021-2022学年高二下学期期中测试英语试题【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过安妮的故事告诉我们恐慌症和心脏病的区别，以及患了恐慌症的人应该寻求心理和医疗帮助。1．细节理解题。根据第一段“HerhusbandimmediatelyrushedAnnetoanearbyhospitalwhereherpainswerediagnosedashavingbeencausedbypanic,andnotaheartattack.(她的丈夫立即把安妮送到附近的医院，在那里她的疼痛被诊断为由恐慌引起，而不是心脏病发作)”可知，安妮的疼痛是由恐慌引起的。故选D。2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Thethirdisthevarietyofsymptoms.Aheartattackvictimoftenexperiencesonlypainandshortnessofbreathwhileapanicattackvictimusuallysuffersmoresymptomsthanthetwomentioned.(第三是症状的多样性。心脏病患者通常只会经历疼痛和呼吸短促，而恐慌症患者通常会经历比上述两种症状更多的症状)”可推断，恐慌症的症状范围更广。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Dr.Crocker’sadvicetoanyonewhothinksheissufferingfromapanicattackistoconsultadoctorforamedicalexaminationtoruleoutthepossibilitiesofphysicalillnessfirst.Onceithasbeenconfirmedthatheorsheis,infact,sufferingfromapanicattack,thevictimshouldturntopsychologistsanddoctors.(Dr.Crocker给那些认为自己患有恐慌症的人的建议是，首先请医生进行体检，排除身体疾病的可能性。一旦确认自己确实患上了恐慌症，受害者就应该求助于心理学家和医生)”可知，Dr.Crocker对于恐慌症患者的建议是寻求心理和医疗帮助。故选C。4．D5．A6．B7．C【来源】浙江省绍兴市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了BruceRichardson突发心脏疾病，幸亏朋友和急救人员的迅速行动让Bruce从严重的心脏病发作中幸存下来。而Bruce现在是一位热情的心肺复苏术倡导者。4．细节理解题。根据第一段“ThosearethewordsofBruceRichardson,whosurvivedacardiacarrest(心脏骤停)inJuly2016thankstothequickactionsofhisfriendsandthefirstresponderswhorefusedtogiveup.(这是布鲁斯·理查森的话，他在2016年7月心脏骤停后幸免于难，这要归功于他的朋友们的迅速行动和拒绝放弃的急救人员)”可知，朋友和急救人员的迅速行动让布鲁斯从严重的心脏病发作中幸存下来。故选D。5．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Finally,BrucesharedhisstoryinavideonowbeingusedtopromoteAmericanHeartAssociationHands-OnlyCPRkiosksinstalledaroundthecountry.(最后，布鲁斯在一个视频中分享了他的故事，这个视频现在被用来宣传美国心脏协会在全国各地安装的人工心肺复苏术亭)”可知，布鲁斯要在视频中分享他的故事是为了提倡应用心肺复苏术。故选A。6．细节理解题。根据第三段“Bruce’sfriend,Jack,hadlearnedhowtoperformCPR,andhequicklybeganchestcompressions.Anotherfriend,Doug,dialed911andtheoperatorwalkedhimthroughcompressionsuntilfirstrespondersarrived.(布鲁斯的朋友杰克已经学会了如何进行心肺复苏术，他很快开始进行胸部按压。另一位朋友道格拨打了911，接线员带着他进行按压，直到急救人员赶到)”结合文章主要讲述了BruceRichardson突发心脏疾病，幸亏朋友和急救人员的迅速行动让Bruce从严重的心脏病发作中幸存下来。而Bruce现在是一位热情的心肺复苏术倡导者。可知，布鲁斯的故事告诉我们急救知识很重要。故选B。7．推理判断题。根据文章主要讲述了BruceRichardson突发心脏疾病，幸亏朋友和急救人员的迅速行动让Bruce从严重的心脏病发作中幸存下来。而Bruce现在是一位热情的心肺复苏术倡导者。可推知，文章是新闻报道。故选C。话题七选五8．F9．D10．B11．G12．E【来源】2023届浙江省四校（杭州二中、温州中学、绍兴一中、金华一中）高三5月联考英语试题（含听力）【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何预防心脏病提出了一些建议。8．根据上文“Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreven