高中英语必修1Unit5Section1讲义

Module5课时达标训练(十七)阅读理解AChemicalChangeandPhysicalChangeTherearetwokindsofchanges—chemicalchangeandphysicalchange.Inachemicalchange,thereisalwaysanewsubstanceformed.Breakingupwaterintohydrogenandoxygenisachemicalchange.Ineachofthechemicalchangeatleastonenewsubstanceisformed.Achangeisnotachemicalchangeifitdoesn'tformanewsubstance.Physicalchangesareverymon,too.Therearemanyexamples.Youcanmakeaphysicalchangebytearingapieceofpaperintotwo,orbycuttingapieceofironwithlathe(机床).Herepaperisstillpaper,andtheironisstilliron.Anotherwayofmakingphysicalchangeisdissolvingsomethinginwater.Whenyoudissolvesaltinwater,thesaltdisappears.Youmaythinkthatanewsubstancehasbeenformed.Butreallythereisnonewsubstance.Thesaltisstillsalt.Youcanstilltasteit.Sothedissolvingofanythingisaphysicalchange.Whenwaterfreezes,thechangeisalsoaphysicalone.Thewaterchangesfromliquidtosolid,butitisstillthesamesubstance.Thatiswhythefreezingofanythingisaphysicalchange.1．Thedissolvingofsaltinwateris________．A．aphysicalchangeB．achemicalchangeC．hydrogenandoxygenD．breakingup2．Thechangeofthethreestatesofwateris________．A．achemicalchangeB．differentsubstancesC．aphysicalchangeD．thesamestate3．Wecanseparateachemicalchangefromaphysicaloneby________．A．thechangeofshapeB．thechangeofcolorC．newly­producedsmokeD．newly­formedsubstances4．Ifyouchangewaterintohydrogen,itis________．A．aphysicalchangeB．achemicalchangeC．aphysicalandchemicalchangeD．notachangeBTherearemanyinterestingscienceexperimentsoutthereforyoungkids.Youcanwowyourfriendsandteacherswiththem.Allyouhavetodoistoputalittleeffortintoitandyoushouldhavenoproblemingupwithaninterestingscienceexperiment.Onesuchexperimentistoshowyourfriendsandteachersthatyoucanmakemothballs(樟脑丸)dance!Ifyouwanttodoit,first,besurethatyouhavegotallthenecessarysciencekitsforyourscienceexperiment.Whatyouneedforthisexperimentisaglassfilledhalffullwithwater.Addalittlebitofvinegar(醋)toyourglassofwater,about1/3or1/4ofacup(60ml),andoneteaspoon(10ml)ofbakingsoda,andthencarefullystirthemixture.Dropafewmothballsintotheglassandhaveyouraudiencewatch.Aslongasthesurfacesofthemothballsbeefairlyrough,theyshouldbegintobounceupanddownintheglass.Youcanalsodoasimilarexperimentwithraisins(葡萄干)andclearpop,_suchasSprite.Inthisexperiment,allyouhavetodoistofillaglasswithSpriteanddropafewraisinsintoit.TheraisinsshouldbegintobounceupanddownintheglassofSprite.YoucanalsoreplacetheraisinswithmothballsandyoushouldgetthesameeffectintheSprite.ThisprojectworksbecausetheirregularsurfacesofthemothballsandtheraisinsholdsomeCO2bubbles(气泡),causingthemtobounceupanddowninadancingmotion.5．Thewriterwrotethispassageto________．A．explainwhysomescienceexperimentsareeasyB．encouragepeopletospendmoretimeonscienceC．tellushowgoodheisatdoingscienceexperimentsD．teachkidshowtodoaneasyandinterestingscienceexperiment6．Whatisthemostprobablenameoftheexperiment?A．Producingmothballs.B．Dancingmothballs.C．Changingmothballs.D．Swimmingmothballs.7．Whichofthefollowingthingsareneededintheexperiment?a．bakingsodab．waterc．mothballsd．salte．vinegarf．sugarA．bcefB．acdeC．abcdD．abce8．Theunderlinedword“pop”inParagraph4probablyrefersto“________”．A．amothballB．akindofvinegarC．adrinkwithbubblesD．aspecialkindofraisinCMonthlyTalksatLondonCanalMuseumOurmonthlytalksstartat19：30onthefirstThursdayofeachmonthexceptAugust.Admissionisatnormalchargesandyoudon'tneedtobook.Theyendaround21：00.November7thTheCanalPioneers,byChrisLewis.JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineers.Hewasalsoamajorplayerintrainingothersintheartofcanalplanningandbuilding.ChrisLewiswillexplainhowBrindleymadesuchapositivecontributiontotheeducationofthatgroupofearly“civilengineers”.December5thIcefortheMetropolis,byMalcolmTucker.Wellbeforethearrivaloffreezers,therewasademandforiceforfoodpreservationandcatering,Malcolmwillexplainthehistoryofimportingnaturaliceandthetechnologyofbuildingicewells,andhowLondon'sicetradegrew.February6thAnUpdateontheCotswordCanals,byLizPayne.TheSmoudwaterCanalismovingtowardsreopening.TheThamesandSevernCanalwilltakealittlelonger.Wewillhaveareportonthepresentstateofplay.March6thEyotsandAits­ThamesIslands,byMirandaVickers.TheThameshadmanyislands.Mirandahasundertakenareviewofallofthem.Shewilltellusaboutthoseofgreatestinterest.Onlinebookings：.uk/bookMoreinto：.uk/whatsonLondonCanalMuseum12－13NewWharfRoad,LondonNI9RT.ukcanalmuseum.mobiTel:020771308369．WhenisthetalkonJamesBrindley?A．February6th.B．March6th.C．November7th.D．December5th.10．WhatisthetopicofthetalkinFebruary?A．TheCanalPioneers.B．IcefortheMetropolis.C．EyotsandAits­ThamesIslands.D．AnUpdateontheCotswordCanals.11．WhowillgivethetalkontheislandsintheThames?A．MirandaVickers.B．MalcolmTucker.C．ChrisLewis.D．LizPayne.课时达标训练(十七)语篇解读：本文主要讲了两种变化——化学变化和物理变化。1．解析：选A细节理解题。根据文章第四段，尤其是最后一句可知：溶解任何东西都是物理变化。2．解析：选C细节理解题。从文章最后一段得知水从液体变为固体或变为气体，并没有生成一种新的物质，仍是同一种物质，因此水的三种形态变化属于物理变化。3．解析：选D推理判断题。由第二段可知在化学变化中有新物质产生，只要没有新物质产生就不是化学变化。由此得知：判断是化学变化还是物理变化的依据是看是否有新物质产生。4．解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段可知：把水分解成氢气和氧气，是一个化学变化。语篇解读：文章向我们介绍了如何做简单且有趣的科学实验。5．解析：选D作者意图题。通读全文，可知作者主要向我们介绍怎么做一个简单而有趣的科学实验，故选D。6．解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段的“Onesuchexperimentistoshowyourfriendsandteachersthatyoucanmakemothballs(樟脑丸)dance！”可知选“跳舞的樟脑丸”最好。7．解析：选D细节理解题。根据第