2023译林版新教材高中英语必修第三册同步练习-Unit 2　五年高考练

Unit2Naturaldisasters

五年高考练

I.阅读理解

A

主题语境：语篇类型：建议用时:

（2021全国乙,C,共）

You'veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenterocean

ecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVon

Wongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewersto

re-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.

Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“StrawpocalypseJapairoflθ-foot-taɪɪplastic

waves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,the

sculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.

Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.PlasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestSoUrCe（来源）of

plasticpollution,butthey,verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon,tneedthemtodrinkwithand,

becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat,spartofVonWong,sartwork

likelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltake

centuriestodisappear.

Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoi∏ustrate（说明）aspecificStatisticrEvery60seconds,a

truckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titledςςTruckloadofPlastic,,,VonWonganda

groupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklike

they,dbeendumped4顷倒）fromatruckallatonce.

VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.

词汇积累

1.straw〃.吸管

2.statistic几统计数据

3.pressure也试图劝说1≡

4.voice上表达

ɪ.WhatareVonWong'sartworksintendedfor?

A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.

BJntroducingeco-friendlyproducts.

C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.

D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.

2.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?

A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.

B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.

C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.

D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.

3.Whateffectwould44TruckloadofPlastic^^haveonviewers?

A.Calming.B.Disturbing.

C.Refreshing.D.Challenging.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Artists,OpinionsonPlasticSafety

B.MediaInterestinContemporaryArt

C.ResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompanies

D.OceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculptures

B

主题语境：语篇类型：建议用时：

（2019北京,D,#）

Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld,soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarming

climate,accordingtoanewstudy.

Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms（海洋微生物）calledphytoplankton.

Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheocean

surface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.

Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leading

tochangesintheocean'sappearance.

Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbondioXide（二氧化碳）intotheoceanwhile

givingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthat

helpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.ButphytoplanktonareVUlnerabIetotheocean'swarmingtrend.Warming

changeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonly

sunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalsonutrients.

StephanieDutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT,sCenterforGlobalChangeScience,builtaclimatemodelthat

projectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃,itfoundthatmultiple

changestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittle

phytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmake

conditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.ςςNotonlyarethequantitiesof

phytoplanktonintheoceanchanging,,,shesaid∕ςbutthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging/9

Andwhydoesthatmatter?Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbeginto

disappearfromtheocean,DutkiewiczSaidJitwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive."Those

kindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.

Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecomingdecadeswillprobablybetoogradualand

unnoticeable,buttheycouldmeansignificantchanges.ςςIt,llbeawhilebeforeWecanstatisticallyshowthat

thechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange,99Dutkiewiczsaid,4ςbutthechangeinthecolourofthe

oceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet79

词汇积累

1.phenomenon九现象

2.organism〃.有机体;生物体物

3.fuel也给……提供原料;推动

4.regulatev调节;规定;控制

5.unnoticeable”力不明显的;感觉不到的

5.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?

A.Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.

B.Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.

C.Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.

D.Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Sensitive.B.Beneficial.

C-Significant.D.Unnoticeable.

7.WhatcanweIeamfromthepassage?

A.Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.

B.Dutkiewicz1Smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges.

C-Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.

D.Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.

8.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.

B.Toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain.

C.Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans.

D.Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.

∏.七选五

主题语境：自然环境保齐语篇类型：建议用时：

(2021全国甲

Swap,Don,tShop!

Youkeephearingaboutrecycling,right?Butitdoesn'tendwithbottles,cans,andpaper.Clothingtakesa

hugeamountofnaturalresources(资源)tomake,andbuyingloadsofnewclothing(orthrowingoutold

clothing)isnothealthyfortheenvironment.Sowhattodowithallthoseperfectly-good-but-you,re-maybe-a-

little-sick-of-themclothespiledonyourbedroomfloor?1It'sthebestwaytogetridofyourusedclothes,

scoreclothesfromyourfriends,andhaveapartyallatthesametime.

Asuccessfulswapdependsontheselectionofclothes,theorganizationoftheevent,and,obviously,how

muchfunishad.It'sreallyeasytodo!Hereareafewpointers.

•Invite5-10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.2,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoose

from;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.

•3.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir“new"clotheshome.

•Putdifferenttypesofclothingondifferentsurfacesintheroom.4.Placeafewmirrorsaround

yourroomsopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon.Oneofthegroundrulesoftheswap

shouldbethateveryonemusttryontheclothesbeforetheytakethem-thingsalwayslookdifferentwhenyou

putthemon.

•Setastartingtime.Maybeyousay"go,"orturnonacertainsong,orwhatever.5.Anddon'tforget

toputoutsomecookiesandfruits.Remember,it,saparty!

A.Lesspeoplethanthat

B.Holdaclothingswap

C.Iftwopeoplearecompeting

D.Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout

E.Donatewhateverclothesareleftover

F.Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots

G.Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition

1.2.3・4.5.

答案与分层梯度式解析

Unit2Naturaldisasters

五年高考练

I.A

◎语篇解读本文为说明文。文章介绍了BenjaminVOnWong为倡导环保而把塑料废物做成艺术品,用

有趣的方式呼吁人们关爱我们的地球。

1.C推理判断题。根据第一E殳中的“Hebuildsmassive...forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshipto

single-useplasticPrOdUetS."可知VonWong把塑料废物制成了雕塑,让看到雕塑的人重新审视他们和一

次性塑料产品之间的关系,以达到让人们关注塑料污染问题的目的。

2.A推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.”及第二句的“becauseof

theirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled”可知,全球只有9%的塑料废品被回收利用,吸管因小而

且轻不能被回收利用。故选A。

3.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Inapiece...illustrateaspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,a

truckload'sworthofplasticenterstheOCean.”可知,VonWong想用“TruckloadOfPIaStiC”这件作品说明每

60秒就有一卡车的量的塑料被倒入海洋,以引起人们的担忧。

4.D主旨大意题。文章介绍VOnWOng把污染海洋的塑料垃圾制成艺术品,唤醒人们对一次性塑料制

品的关注,提高人们的环保意识。因此D项“海洋塑料变成了雕塑”最适合作为文章标题。

长难句

原句Forthiswork,Iitled4iTruckloadofPlastic,,,VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan

10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey'dbeendumpedfromatruckallat

once.

分析这是一个主从复合句。titled“TruckloadofPlaStiC,“为过去分词短语作定语,修饰work;which引导

非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词morethan10,000piecesofPIaStiC,关系词在从句中作主语;Weretied是从

句中的谓语。

译文为了这个名为“TruckloadofPIaStiC”的作品,VonWong和一群志愿者收集了一万多片塑料,然后把

它们捆在一起,看起来就像从卡车上一下子被倾倒下来。

B

◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。气候变暖导致了海洋浮游植物的变化,进而会影响海洋颜色的变化。

5.B主旨大意题。文章第一段给出了海洋颜色变化的原因,第二段具体说明了海洋颜色变化的原因在

于海洋浮游植物的类型和浓度的变化。综上所述,前两段主要说明了海洋颜色变化的原因,故选B项。

6.A词义猜测题。根据下文可知气候变暖改变了海洋的主要特点,影响了浮游植物的生长,结合关键词

changes和affect可综合推断出浮游植物对海洋变暖的趋势是比较敏感的,故选A项（敏感的）。B有益

的;C:重大的;D:不被注意的。

7.D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Butinsomewaters...awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperfor

phytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.”可知,在更适宜浮游植物生长的地方,海洋会变得更绿,故

选D项（有更多浮游植物的海洋可能看上去更绿）。

8.C推理判断题。根据全文,尤其是中心段落第一段中的“theworld'soceanswillbebluerandgreener

thankstoawarmingClimate”可知,文章的主要目的是解释气候变化对海洋尤其是其颜色的影响,故选C

项。A项（评估海洋颜色变化产生的后果）、B项（分析海洋食物链的构成）和D项（介绍一种研究浮游植

物的新方法）均不符合文章目的,故排除。

长难句

原句Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpsto

regulate