高中英语选修六Unit-3-Grammar-the-use-of-it

Grammar

Theuseof“it”it作代词一.it作形式主语二.It作形式宾语三.it特殊句型四.it常用的固定搭配

2.Itisnogoodsmoking.3.Itislikelythathewillbecomeaddictedtoit.1.Itisbadtosmoke.一、it用作形式主语用以平衡句子结构，用it来替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。

对于我们来说，努力学习英语很必要。Itisnecessary____ustoworkhardonEnglish.for你把真相说出来了，真老实。Itishonest___youtotellmethetruth.ofToworkhardonEnglishisnecessaryforus.Youarehonesttotellmethetruth.It’s+adj+of/forsb.todosth〔1〕Itisadj.forsb.todosth.Itisillegalforhimtodriveacarwithoutalicense.1.替代作主语的动词不定式此处adj.通常为描述事件的形容词：easy，difficult，hard，tough，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible，likely，unlikely，right，wrong，important，unimportant，legal，illegal，polite，impolite，clear，obvious，certain，suitable，proper，fit，useful，useless，dangerous…

Todriveacarwithoutalicenseisillegalforhim.〔2〕Itisadj.ofsb.todosth.It'skindofyoutohelpmewiththeproblem.此处adj.通常为描述人的形容词：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，selfless，thoughtful，thoughtless，careful，careless，silly，foolish，stupid，clever，wise，crazy,generous,etc.Youarekindtohelpmewiththeproblem.1.替代作主语的动词不定式Itisnogood/nouse/uselessdoing…Itis(well)worthdoing…Itisawasteofmoney/time/energydoing…It‘s(well)worthwhiledoing/todo…It’sgreatfundoing…2.It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型It'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收3.it作形式主语替代主语从句

ItisamazingthatatmyageI’mstillfitenoughtocycle20kminanafternoon.

ItisobviousthatJames’grandpalivesaveryactiveandhealthylife.

Itisstillaquestionwhetherwewillholdthemeetingasplanned.①Itisadj.+clause(important,vital,necessary,surprising,amazing,natural,ridiculous,unbelievable,etc)saidreportedbelievedItisthoughtthat...knowntoldhoped“据说〔据报道…〕”②Itisv-edthat…=sb./sth.isv-edto…Itissaidthathehasgoneabroadforfurthereducation.=Heissaidtohavegoneabroadforfurthereducation.③Itis+noun+从句apityashameItisanhonorthat...afactasurprisenowondercommonsenseItisapitythathe(should)misssuchagoodchance.Itisapitythatheisillandwillmisssuchagoodchance.

(ashame,apity)1.Ithink

itnousearguingwithhim.2.Ifound

itveryinterestingtostudyEnglish.3.Hemadeitarulethataftersupperhewouldwalkhisdogforhalfanhour.4.Ihateitwhenitrains.5.Ienjoyitifyoucanhelpme.二、it作形式宾语常用的动词有think,believe,make,find,consider,feel,enjoy,hate等1.Itis/was+被强调局部+that/who+句子其他局部2.Ittakessb…todosth3.Itisone’sturntodosth4.Itisthefirst/secondtimethatsbhave/hasdone…Itwasthefirst/secondtimethatsb.haddone…5.Itseems/looks/appearsthat/asif…6.Ithit/struck/occurredtosbthat…7.It’suptosbtodo…8.Itis/was+时间段+since…9.Itwas/willbe+时间段+before…10.Iwouldappreciateitif…11.It’s(high)timethatsb.过去式/shoulddo…三.it特殊句型Itis(was)+被强调局部+that(who)+句子其他局部判断方法？〔一〕强调句型的强调局部必须是对that/who之后句子的某一成分表示强调，如果把“Itis(was)...that”去掉，该句应该意思完整，不缺任何句子成分：

1.Isit__whowantstoseeyou?A.himB.heC.hisD.himself

B2.Itwas__whorespectedalltheirteachers.

A.themB.theirC.theyD.themselves

C3.-WhoisMary?

-Wasit__thatyoureferredto?

A.heB.sheC.herD.they

C强调局部如果是人称代词，应根据句子需要选择它的主格或宾格形式1.It___MikeandMarywhohelpedtheoldmanseveraldaysago.

A.wasB.areC.wereD.hadbeen

2.It___atChristmasthatJohnSmithgaveMaryahandbag.

A.musthaveB.willbeC.mighthavebeenD.mayhavehad

注意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性

CA〔二〕强调局部为疑问词时：1.___electricityplaysanimportantpartinourdailylife?

A.WhywasitthatB.WhyisitthatC.WhyisitD.Whyitisthat

B2.Whowasit__wantedtoseemejustnow?

A.thatB.whyC.whenD.when

A3.__youmettheforeignerfromCanada?

A.WhereitwasthatB.Whoitwasthat

C.WherewasitthatD.Wherewasthat

C强调局部为疑问代词或疑问副词时，该强调句句型结构与特殊疑问句句型相同，即：“疑问词+一般疑问句”

〔三〕被强调局部为"notuntil"句型：1.Itwasnotuntillateintheevening___herhusbandarrivedhome.

A.whichB.whenC.thatD.how

C2.Itwasnotuntil1920__regularradiobroadcastsbegan.

A.whichB.whenC.thatD.since

CHerhusbanddidn’tarrivehomeuntillateintheevening.

Theregularradiobroadcastsdidn’tbeginuntil1920.

注意“not...until”句型的变化。比较以下三个句子：

1.Shedidn'trememberherappointmentwiththedoctoruntilshehadarrivedhome.

强调句2.Itwas

notuntil

shehadarrivedhomethatsherememberedherappointmentwiththedoctor.

3.Notuntilshehadarrivedhomedidsherememberherappointmentwiththedoctor.

3.Notuntil

Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.1)Notuntil2)Itwas

notuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.

shetookoffherdarkglasses

didIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.

改为强调结构1.Themeetingwillnotbeginuntileveryoneisseated.

Itisnotuntileveryoneisseatedthatthemeetingwillbegin.Whyisitthathecamelateforthemeeting?

2.Whydidhecomelateforthemeeting?

3.Howdidyoufindhishouse?

Howwasitthatyoufoundhishouse?

1.Itis/was+被强调局部+that/who+句子其他局部2.Ittakessb…todosth3.Itisone’sturntodosth4.Itisthefirst/secondtimethatsbhave/hasdone…Itwasthefirst/secondtimethatsb.haddone…5.Itseems/looks/appearsthat/asif…6.Ithit/struck/occurredtosbthat…7.It’suptosbtodo…8.Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since…9.Itwas/willbe+时间段+before…10.Iwouldappreciateitif…11.It’s(high)timethat…四.it特殊句型9.Itwas/willbe+时间段+before从句

(一段时间)后…就/才…

Itwassometimebeforehecouldspeak.ItwasnotlongbeforeIrealizedmymistake.

1.Ihate___whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.itB.thatC.theseD.them2.Inwhichplayis___yourbrotherwillappear?thatwhereB.thiswhenC.itthatD.itwhere3.___theharderyouwork,thebetterresultyou’llget.A.It’sbelievedthatB.WhatwebelievedthatC.It’sfactD.WhatthefactisACA4.Nothingcanstopus,___?can’titB.canitC.can’tweD.canwe5.-Canyoutellushowthewarwaswonintheend?-Idon’tknow,___.It’shardtosayB.Itdoesn’tmatterC.It’snousesayingD.Itdependsonthework6.Does___matteralotwhethershewillcomeherebybusorbytaxi?thethingB.thatC.itD.hermotherACB10.___nowprettylate,wetookcandlesandwentupstairs.A.BeingB.ForC.ForbeingD.Itbeing11.Ourfoodandservicearebetterthan_____usedtobe.itB.weC.theyD.them12.Theteachertoldthestudents____.A.whytolearnEnglishimportantB.whywasitimportanttolearnEnglishC.whyitimportanttolearnEnglishD.whyitwasimportanttolearnEnglishDCD13.TheTVsetsmadeinChinaaremuchbetterthan______inJapan.thatB.thoseC.themD.it14.-I’mlookingforaflat.-Wouldyoulike__with__garden?A.it;theB.it;aC.one;aD.one;the15.___fouryearssinceIjoinedtheArmy.A.ItwasB.ItisC.ThereisD.TherewasBCB四、It常用的固定搭配

makeit〔1〕在口语当中相当于succeed，表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达例

It'shardtomakeittothetopinshowbusiness.〔2〕在口语中相当于fixthedatefor，表示“约定好时间”例

—Shallwemeetnextweek？—OK.Wej