福建省厦门市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语

厦门市20232024学年第一学期高二年级质量检测英语试题本试卷分五部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。本试题附有答题卡。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15.答案是C。1．Whyisthewomanupset?A．Shehasahandinjury.B．Herfriendwillmoveoutsoon.C．Herfriendcan’thelpwiththemove.2．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A．Sheisahousewife. B．Sheenjoysthework. C．Shehasalotofsparetime.3．Whatisspecialaboutthisyear’sceremony?A．Studentssangtwosongs. B．Studentswrotethesongs. C．Studentsplayedthemusic.4．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheresultoftheinterview?A．Amusing. B．Surprising. C．Disappointing.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theweather. B．Thegirl’saunt. C．Thegirl’sclassmate.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whywillthewomanbeabsentfromthefamilyreunion?A．Shehasatimeconflict.B．Shedoesn’twanttomeetBill.C．Shedidn’treceivetheinvitation.7．Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?A．Spendtimewiththewoman.B．Clearupamisunderstanding.C．SettledowninNewYork.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．HowdoesSamfeelnow?A．Relaxed. B．Depressed. C．Satisfied.9．Whatwillthewomando?A．CallSam. B．Visittheman. C．Takeanexam.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whatkindoflifedidthemanlive?A．Colorful. B．Stressful. C．Peaceful.11．Whathelpsthewomanfixmildproblems?A．Sharing. B．Stayingcalm. C．Keepinghonest.12．Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A．Liveinthevillage. B．Changehisjob. C．Balanceworkandhealth.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Cousins. B．Friends. C．Neighbors.14．Whichfloordoesthewomanliveon?A．The3rdfloor. B．The4thfloor. C．The5thfloor.15．Howoftenistherooftoppartyheld?A．Daily. B．Weekly. C．Monthly.16．Whohelpedthewomanmovethings?A．Amover. B．Paul. C．Herbrother.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whatisthespeakerdoing?A．Airingapieceofnews.B．Promotingcoolingdevices.C．Announcingresearchresults.18．Whatwillprobablyhappennextweek?A．Theweatherwillgetwarmer.B．Theelectricitycostwillincrease.C．Theelectricitydemandwilldecrease.19．Whatpercentageofenergymayimproveddevicessave?A．30%. B．20%. C．10%.20．Whatisthespeaker’ssuggestion?A．Poweringoffunuseddevices.B．Contactingtheindustryexperts.C．Replacingtheuseddevices.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFoodbookscanbringaculturetolife.Thefollowingfoodbooksareburstingwithdeliciousfood,aswellasentertainingandengagingstorytelling.PierreThiam’slatestbookaimstoshareeveryday,easytocookrecipeslikebakedgingerchiliplantainkelewele.HeexplainshowsomanydishesandingredientsfromtheAmericanSouthandotherregionscantracetheirorigintoWestAfrica.The80recipesareaccessibleandpresentarangeoftraditionalandmoderntakesonthecuisine.FuchsiaDunlop’sbookexaminesclassicChinesedishes,likemapotofu,soupdumplingsandDongpopork.Thisbookincludeshistory,philosophy,cookingtechniques,andDunlop’sonthegroundresearchconductedoverthreedecadestopresentafascinatingexplorationofthiseverchangingcuisine.TamarAdlerseekstomakeleftoversmoreappealingandlowerfoodwasteintheprocesswithherlatestbook,whichcontainsaround1,500recipes.Thisisn’twhatyou’dcallabeautifulcoffeetablestylecookbook—it’spracticalandthecreativesecretswithinaretrulymindblowing.NatashaPickowiczisaninnovativechef.MoreThanCakeisherfirstcookbook,fullofinvaluabletipslikehowtobuildalayer（层）cake.Asidefromgreatbakingrecipes,thiscookbooktriestoliveuptoitsnamebysharinghowbakingcanprovidesomuchmorethanjusttastysweets—itcangivemunity,purpose,joyandlove.21．WhoexploresChinesefoodcultureinthecookbook?A．PierreThiam. B．FuchsiaDunlop. C．TamarAdler. D．NatashaPickowicz.22．WhatdoSimplyWestAfricanandTheEverlastingMealCookbookhaveinmon?A．Theyarethewriters’latestbooks. B．Theyadvocatelowerfoodwaste.C．Theyhavethesamenumberofrecipes. D．TheyaimtoshareWestAfricandishes.23．Whichbookfavorscakebakinglovers?A．SimplyWestAfrican. B．InvitationtoaBanquet.C．TheEverlastingMealCookbook. D．MoreThanCake.BThelivingroomiscleared.Thehosttapsawineglasswithaknife,andpeoplefilein,fillingthesofasandchairsthatarepushedupagainstthewalls.Sooneveryseatinthehouseistaken,andabottleofschnappsispassedaround.LyonHansen,whominutesbeforewasknockingaboutinthekitchen,walksoverandpicksupaguitarandstartstoplay.Hoymahasbegun.Foronenight,homeownersprimarilyinSydrugota,asmalltownontheFaroeIslands,opentheirdoors,invitingfriends,familyandtouristsintoenjoyintimate（亲密的）concertsbylocalartists.Thetraditiondatesbacknearly500yearstoatimewhenFaroeselifehadtomoveundergroundduetoDanishrule.Thecultureandthelanguagewaskeptaliveinpeople’slivingrooms,wheretheygatheredtosingandtellstories.ThemodernHoymaconcertseriesstartedasanoffshoot（分支）oftheG!Festival,anannualmusicaleventonthebeachesofEysturoyeverysummersince2002．Around2007,G!Festival’screatorJónTyril,exhaustedbyalltheredtape（繁文缛节）thatcamewithputtingonabigmusicfestival,startedtodreamalittlesmaller.Specifically,hestartedtothinkabouttinyconcertsheldinlivingrooms—nosoundsystemsorspotlights,theaudiencemadeupofasmanypeopleascanfitinsideahouse.Theidearesoundedinhismind,notonlybecauseitdidn’tinvolveanyheavylifting,physicallyormentally,butalsobecauseitwentbacktothelongstandingFaroesetradition.Since2007,Hoymahasfeatured20concertsintendifferentfamilyhomesinSydrugota.ForLaksá,hostingtheconcertsisnotonlyfun,butawaytogiveback,andtoensuretheislandssurviveinthemodernworld.Asinmanyfamilies,herdaughtersgrewupandlefttheFaroes.“TheystudiedintheU.K.fornineyears,butbothcameback,”shesays.“IactuallythinkthatHoymaispartlythereasonwhymanychildrenfromthisvillagethatgoabroadeback.Theyareproudofit.”24．Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A．Bypresentingascene. B．Byevaluatinganargument.C．Byclarifyingaconcept. D．Bymakinganassumption.25．WhencanthetraditionofHoymabetracedto?A．AstagewhentheG!FestivalwasneededbytheFaroese.B．Aperiodwhenonlylocalartistswereallowedtoperform.C．Anoccasionwhenpeoplecelebratedtheencounterswithtourists.D．AtimewhenfreedomoftheFaroesewaslimitedbecauseofDanishrule.26．WhatdoesJónTyrilthinkofhomeconcerts?A．Economicalandvaried. B．Convenientandentirelyoriginal.C．Accessibleandprofitable. D．Simpleandculturallyattached.27．WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningLaksáandherdaughters?A．Hoymacontributestothesurvivaloftheislands.B．Hoymareflectstheaffectionbetweenmotherandchildren.C．Hoymaisgainingpopularityacrosstheglobeinmoderntimes.D．Hoymabeesentertainingwiththeinvolvementoftheyoung.CWhenIfirstmetNaoJunior,hewasinhis40sandoneofonlyninemembersofhisIndigenous（土著的）group,GreatAndamanese,whostillspoketheidiomofhisancestors.Asalanguagespecialist,Ihadresearchedmorethan80Indianlanguages.IwasontheislandstodocumenttheirIndigenousvoicesbeforetheyfadedintowhispers.Wordsinthislanguageconsistedoftwoclasses:freeandbound.Thefreewordswereallnounsthatreferredtotheenvironmentanditsinhabitants,suchasrafor“pig”.Theycouldoccuralone.Theboundwordswerenouns,verbs,adjectivesandadverbsthatalwaysexistedwithmarkersindicatingarelationtootherobjects,eventsorstates.Themarkerscamefromsevenzonesofthebodyandwereattachedtoarootwordtodescribeconceptssuchas“inside”,“outside”,“upper”and“lower”.Forexample,themorpheme（词素）er,whichqualifiedmostanythinghavingtodowithanouterbodypart,couldbestucktochotoyieldercho,meaning“head”.Justasahead,aboundword,couldnotconceptuallyexistonitsown,themodeandeffectofanactioncouldnotbedividedfromtheverbdescribingtheaction.GreatAndamanesehadnowordsforagriculturebutagreatmanyforhuntingandfishing,mainlywithabowandarrow.Thus,therootwordshile,meaning“toaim”,hadseveralversions:utshile,toaimfromabove;arashile,toaimfromadistance;andeshile,aimingtomakeaholewithasharpobject.Thestudiesestablishedthatthelanguageseemstobetrulyoldinorigin.Inamultistageprocessofdevelopment,wordsdescribingdiversebodypartshadchangedintomorphemesreferringtodifferentzonesandbinedwithcontentwordstoyieldmeaning.Thestructurealoneprovidesaninsightintoanancientworldviewinwhichthemacrocosm（宏观世界）reflectsthemicrocosm,andeverythingthatisorthathappensinseparablyconnectstoeverythingelse.28．Whatisthepurposeoftheauthor’sstayontheislands?A．Tomeetwithanoldfriend. B．ToteachIndigenousidioms.C．Torecordanancientlanguage. D．Totraceherancestors.29．“Aimatapig’sheadfromafar”inGreatAndamanesemaybe______.A．Arashileraercho B．Arashileercho C．Eshileercho D．Eshileraercho30．WhatcanweinferfromtheverbsinGreatAndamanese?A．Averbcoulddescribemorethanoneaction. B．Someoftheverbscouldbeusedontheirown.C．Thelocalsprobablyliveoffseafoodandmeat. D．Thetoolsusedinpeople’sdailylifearediverse.31．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．GreatAndamaneseistheoriginofmultiplelanguages.B．GreatAndamaneseisadoorwaytotheancientwisdom.C．GreatAndamanesetellsthedevelopmentofthemunity.D．HumanbodyshapesGreatAndamanese’suniqueworldview.DAworkingsemiconductor（半导体）hasbeencreatedfromgraphene（石墨烯）,potentiallylayingthefoundationforanewtypeofputerwithgreaterspeedandefficiencythantoday’ssiliconchips（硅基芯片）allow.Graphene,amaterialmadefromasinglelayerofcarbonatoms,isagoodelectricalconductorresistanttoheatandacids.Butaworkinggraphenesemiconductorwhichcanbecontrolledtoconductorseparateelectricityatwill,hasevadedscientists.Suchsemiconductorsarekeytocreatingthelogicchipsthatpowerputers.Theproblemhasbeenthelackofwhatisknownasabandgap.Semiconductorshavebandsofhigherandlowerenergiesandapoint—thebandgap—atwhichexcitedelectronscanjumpfromonetotheother.Thiseffectivelyallowstheflowofcurrenttobeswitchedonandoff,soitiseitherconductingornotconducting,creatingthebinarysystemofzeroesandonesusedindigitalputers.Now,WalterdeHeerattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyandhiscolleagueshavecreatedgraphenewithabandgapanddemonstratedaworkingtransistor,anon/offswitchthateitherpreventsorallowscurrenttoflowthroughit.DeHeersaidtheelectricalpropertiesofagraphenesemiconductorwerefarbetterthanthoseofsiliconchips.“It’slikedrivingonarockyroadversusdrivingonafreeway,”hesaid.Siliconchipsarecheaptomakeandbackedbyextensiveproductionfacilities,butwearereachingtheirlimits.Moore’slawstatesthenumberoftransistorsinacircuitwilldoubleroughlyeverytwoyears,buttherateofdownsizinghasslowedrecentlyasengineersreachcircuitconcentrationbeyondwhichelectronscan’tbereliablycontrolled.“Youcanuseallthetechnologythewholesemiconductorindustryistotallyfortablewithtoscaleupthisprocess,”saysDavidCareyattheUniversityofSurrey,UK.Buthesuspectstheworldwillsoonshifttographenechips,becausesiliconhassuchaheadstart.“Mostpeopleworkingonsiliconarebombeddailybynew,wonderfulmaterialsthatareabouttoreplaceitandnoneofit’severhappened,”hesays.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evaded”probablymeaninparagraph2?A．Surprised. B．Attracted. C．Annoyed. D．Puzzled.33．Whyisabandgapcrucial?A．Itexcitesthejumpofelectrons. B．Itcreatesthesystemofzerosandones.C．Itbalancesthehigherandlowerenergies. D．Itallowstheonandoffofthecurrentflow.34．Whatadvantagemightgraphenesemiconductorhaveoversiliconchips?A．Superiorelectricalcharacteristics. B．Strongerproductionsupport.C．Lowerdevelopmentcost. D．Slowerdownsizingrate.35．WhatmaybeDavid’sattitudetographenechips’applicationinthenearfuture?A．Uncaring. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Disapproving.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Althoughmanyofusmayacceptintheorythatfailureisanecessaryponentofalllearningandgrowth,inpractice,36.Wemayknowthatweneedagrowthmindsetinordertodevelop,butfailureremainsanexperiencethatisoftenassociatedwithshame.Therearevariousreasonswhywemayfearfailure.37.Whenwefailatsomething,ourselfimagesuffers.Wemayfeelworthless,andwemaycriticizeourselvesforourfailure.Ifwefailpublicly,ourfailurewillbevisibletoothers.Wemayfearotherpeople’sjudgment.Wemayfearthatourfailurewillimpactorendourcareer,orelsethatitwilldamageourfame.How,then,canweovereourfearoffailuresothatwecantrulybenefitfromwhatfailinghastoteachus?38.Remindingyourselfthatthereisnogrowthwithoutfailure—nolearning,nodevelopment,nonewexperiences—canhelpyouseewhatyoudislikeinanewlight.Beopentolearningfromfailureforoveralldevelopment.39.Trytolearnanewskillorhobby—asport,cooking,dancing,drawing,playinganinstrument—andbekindtoyourselfinthelearningprocess.Mindfullyallowyourselftofail,totryagain,tofailagainbutbetter,andtryagain,untilyougetsomewhere.Keepalittlediaryinwhichyourecordwhatyourfailureshavetaughtyou.Insteadoffeelingsorryforyourselfwhenyoufail,askyourself:WhatcanIlearnfromthisexperience?Andremember:40.A．wecaneasilymakethemostofitB．LookatyourattitudesaboutfailingC．weoftenstrugglegreatlywithfailingD．BuildyourfailuremusclegentlyinasafespaceE．FearmaypreventyoufromseekingnewexperiencesF．Whileitishardtofail,itismuchworsenevertohavetriedtosucceedG．Perhapsthemostmonisthatourselfworthtendstobetiedtosuccess第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。WhenhandballwasintroducedtoSriLankanschoolsin2010,Iwantedtobringittomyschoolinaremotevillage.Thisbecamea（n）41taskasthesportsteacherwasunwillingtoinitiateanything42traditionalsportslikebasketball.DespitebeinganEnglishlanguageteacherbefore43mypostasdeputyprincipal（副校长）,Iwas44tostartthisgameatanycost.40studentsagedbetween13and1945toplay.IhadthesupportoftheirparentsbutIstillcouldn’t46thesportsteachertoagree.47,Iusedmypositiontogetthegamegoing.HeshanPradeep,analumnus（校友）andmemberoftheAirForcehandballteam,volunteeredto48theteam.Althoughhandballisanindoorgame,wetrainedoutdoorsduetolimited49.Trainingstartedearlyinthemorningbeforeclassand50afterschooluntilitwasdark.Theboyslovedthegameandwere51training.Afterthreemonthsofdevotedtraining,wewereabletosendanunder19sboys’teamto52with50otherschools.Ourboysplayedremarkablywelland53thesemifinals.Thefollowingyear,nobodycould54ourteamfromwinningtheallislandschoolshandballchampionship.The55sentthewholevillageintocarnivalmode.HeshanandIweremuchhonoredtohaveshowntheboysthatdreamscanbefulfilled.41．A．appealing B．challenging C．confusing D．amusing42．A．regardlessof B．inrelationto C．otherthan D．intermsof43．A．leaving B．assuming C．offering D．creating44．A．determined B．resistant C．forbidden D．grateful45．A．wokeup B．grewup C．spedup D．signedup46．A．allow B．encourage C．convince D．force47．A．Ultimately B．Occasionally C．Similarly D．Unfortunately48．A．protect B．contact C．coach D．assess49．A．prospects B．appliances C．qualifications D．facilities50．A．ended B．continued C．changed D．functioned51．A．passionateabout B．particularabout C．embarrassedabout D．objectiveabout52．A．debate B．pete C．associate D．cooperate53．A．watched B．hosted C．reached D．predicted54．A．stop B．free C．separate D．excuse55．A．motivation B．tendency C．innovation D．victory第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AYuanLongping,knownasthe“fatherofhybridrice”,isoneofChina’smostfamousscientists.Afteroveringnumeroustechnicalchallenges,Yuan56（pioneer）hybridrice—thefirsthybridricethatcouldbeusedforfarming.57isestimatedthatabout60%ofChina’sriceconsumptionnowesfromhishybrids.Yuan’sinnovationhasbenefitednotonlyChinabutalsoricedependent58（country）likeIndiaandVietnam.Despitewealthandfame,heconsideredhimselfafarmerandmadesubstantialdonationsforagriculturalresearch,showinghis59（mit）tothelandanditspeople.BPictureyourselftravelingalongtheancientSilkRoad.Theair60（fill）withthepleasantsoundofcamel（骆驼）bells,theappealingsmellofspices,andtherisingsteamfromcookingpots.Inthisdiversescene,tradersexchangenotonlysilksandtreasuresbutalsolambkebabs61（dance）onopenfires,handpullednoodlesmovinglikeacrobats（杂技演员）,andsweetsmellingricedishesshiningwithspicediamonds.62theyarelambkebabsorhandpullednoodles,eachofferingtellsastoryoftradeandtheharmoniousmixingofcultures.CNow,asdrone（无人机）technologyhasadvancedsorapidly,hightechdroneshowsaremorelikelytoreplacefireworkstolightuptheskyduringspecialevents.63（pare）tofireworks,droneshowshaveseveraladvantages.“Whilefireworkscancreatea64（joy）atmosphere,droneshowscanbetailoredandcanpresentmorespecificinformation,”Yangsaid,“Theyaresaferandmoreenvironmentallyfriendly,andwiththeirhightechtouch,are65nextgenerationmunicationplatform.”第四部分写作（共两节，满分30分）第一节（满分15分）英语课上，同学们就“Dosmarthomesmakelifeeasier?”进行了分组讨论。请你作为小组代表发言，内容包括：1．阐述观点；2．说明理由。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。第二节概要写作（满分15分）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Wildlifeconservationisthepracticeofprotectingplantandanimalspeciesandtheirhabitats.Aspartoftheworld’secosystems,wildlifeprovidesbalanceandstabilitytonature’sprocesses.Thegoalofwildlifeconservationistoensurethesurvivalofthesespecies,andtoeducatepeopleonlivingsustainably（可持续地）withotherspecies.Thehumanpopulationhasgrownsignificantlyoverthepast200years,tomorethansevenbillionpeopletoday,anditcontinuestorapidlygrow.This