青岛大学外语学院848英汉互译与汉语写作历年考研真题汇编

目录

2009年青岛大学外语学院848英汉互译

与汉语写作考研真题

2011年青岛大学外语学院848英汉互译

与汉语写作考研真题

2012年青岛大学外语学院848英汉互译

与汉语写作考研真题

2017年青岛大学外语学院848英汉互译

与汉语写作考研真题

2009年青岛大学外语学院848英汉互译与汉语写作考研真题

PartI.TranslatethefollowingtermsandpassagesintoChinese(60points).

A

1．mythicarchetype

2．Byronichero

3．narratology

4．conflict

5．epiphany

6．Gothicnovel

7．pointofview

8．streamofconsciousness

9．thethreeunities

10．modernism

B

Thepositionofthedramaisdifferent.Thedramamaylooktowardsthe

pictorialarts,itmayallowAristotletodisciplineit,foritisnotsodeeply

committedtotheclaimsofhumanbeings.Humanbeingshavetheirgreat

chanceinthenovel.Theysaytothenovelist:“Recreateusifyoulike,butwe

mustcomein,”andthenovelist’sproblem,aswehaveseenallalong,isto

givethemagoodrunandtoachievesomethingelseatthesametime.

Whithershallheturn?Notindeedofhelpbutforanalogy.Music,thoughit

doesnotemployhumanbeings,thoughitisgovernedbyintricatelaws,

neverthelessdoesofferinitsfinalexpressionatypeofbeautywhichfiction

mightachieveinitsownway.Expansion.Thatistheideathenovelistmust

clingto.Notcompletion.Notroundingoffbutopeningout.Whenthe

symphonyisoverwefeelthatthenotesandtunescomposingithavebeen

liberated,theyhavefoundintherhythmofthewholetheirindividual

freedom.Cannotthenovelbelikethat?

C

Wesleep,andatlengthawaketothestillrealityofawintermorning.The

snowlieswarmascottonordownuponthewindowsill;thebroadenedsash

andfrostedpanesadmitadimandprivatelight,whichenhancesthesnug

cheerwithin.Thestillnessofthemorningisimpressive.Thefloorcreaks

underourfeetaswemovetowardthewindowtolookabroadthroughsome

clearspaceoverthefields.Weseetheroofsstandundertheirsnowburden.

Fromtheeavesandfenceshangstalactitesofsnow,andintheyardstand

stalagmitescoveringsomeconcealedcore.Thetreesandshrubsrearwhite

armstotheskyoneveryside;andwherewerewallsandfences,wesee

fantasticformsstretchinginfrolicgambolsacrosstheduskylandscape,asif

naturehadstrewnherfreshdesignsoverthefieldsbynightasmodelsfor

man’sart.

D

Rainwasfallingonthechapel,onthegarden,onthecollege.Itwouldrain

forever,noiselessly.Thewaterwouldriseinchbyinch,coveringthegrass

andshrubs,coveringthetreesandhouses,coveringthemonumentsandthe

mountaintops.Alllifewouldbechokedoff,noiselessly:birds,men,

elephants,pigs,children;noiselesslyfloatingcorpsesamidthelitterofthe

wreckageoftheworld.Fortydaysandfortynightstherainwouldfalltillthe

waterscoveredthefaceoftheearth.

Towardsdawnheawoke.Owhatsweetmusic!Hissoulwasalldewywet.

Overhislimbsinsleeppalecoolwavesoflighthadpassed.Helaystill,asif

hissoullayamidcoolwaters,consciousoffaintsweetmusic.Hismindwas

wakingslowlytoatremulousmorningknowledge,amorninginspiration.A

spiritfilledhim,pureasthepurestwater,sweetasdew,movingasmusic.

PartII.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(40points).

我以为世间最宝贵的就是“今”，最易丧失的也是“今”。因为他最容易丧

失，所以更觉得他可以宝贵。

为甚么“今”最可宝贵呢？最好借哲人耶曼孙所说的话答这个疑问：“尔

若爱千古，尔当爱现在。昨日不能唤回来，明天还不确实，尔能确有把

握的就是今日。今日一天，当明日两天。”

为什么“今”最易丧失呢？因为宇宙大化刻刻流转，决不停留。时间这个

东西，也不因为吾人贵他爱他稍稍在人间留恋。试问吾人说“今”说“现

在”，茫茫百千万劫，究竟哪一刹那是吾人的“今”，是吾人的“现

在”呢？刚刚说他是“今”是“现在”，他早已风驰电掣的一般，已成“过

去”了。吾人若要糊糊涂涂把他丢掉，岂不可惜？

有的哲学家说，时间但有“过去”与“未来”，并无“现在”。有的又说“过

去”“未来”皆是“现在”。我以为“过去未来皆是现在”的话倒有些道理。

……

我请以最简明的一句话写出这篇的意思来：

吾人在世，不可厌“今”而徒回思“过去”，梦想“将来”，以耗误“现在”的

努力；又不可以“今”境自足，毫不拿出“现在”的努力，谋“将来”的发

展。宜善用“今”，以努力为“将来”之创造。由“今”所造的功德罪孽，永

久不灭。故人生本务，在随实在之进行，为后人造大功德。

PartIII.Composition(50points)

Writeanarticleentitled“IWrite,ThereforeIAm”(《我写故我在》)in

Chinese.

2011年青岛大学外语学院848英汉互译与汉语写作考研真题

PartI.TranslatethefollowingtermsandpassagesintoChinese(60points).

A

1．setting

2．plot

3．pointofview

4．flatcharacter

5．dramaticmonologue

6．blackhumor

7．tragicomedy

8．expressionism

9．lostgeneration

10．streamofconsciousness

B

Thespecialityofthenovelisthatthewritercantalkabouthischaractersas

wellasthroughthem,orcanarrangeforustolistenwhentheytalkto

themselves.Hehasaccesstoself-communings,andfromthatlevelhecan

descendevendeeperandpeerintothesubconscious.Amandoesnottalkto

himselfquitetruly—noteventohimself;thehappinessormiserythathe

secretlyfeelsproceedsfromcausesthathecannotquiteexplain,becauseas

soonasheraisesthemtotheleveloftheexplicabletheylosetheirnative

quality.Thenovelisthasarealpullhere.Hecanshowthesubconscious

short-circuitingstraightintoaction(thedramatistcandothistoo);hecanalso

showitinitsrelationtosoliloquy.Hecommandsallthesecretlife,andhe

mustnotberobbedofhisprivilege.

C

...Therethemeadowsarealllawnswiththelustrousgreenofspringevenin

August,andoftenover-shadowedbyold,fruit-trees—cherry,orapple,or

pear;andonSundayaftertheraintherewasanAprilgloryandfreshness

addedtothequietofthelatersummer.Nowhereandneverintheworldcan

therehavebeenadeeperpeace;andthebellsfromthelittleredchurchdown

bytheriverseemedtobethemusicofit,asthesongofbirdsisthemusicof

spring.Thereonesawhowbeautifulthelifeofmancanbe,andhowmenby

theinnocentlaborsofmanygenerationscangivetotheearthabeautyithas

neverknowninitswildness.Andallthispeace,oneknew,wasthreatened;

andthethreatcameintoone'smindasifitwereasoundlessmessagefrom

overthegreateastwardplain;andwithitthebeautyseemedunsubstantial

andstrange,asifitweresinkingawayintothepast,asifitwereonlya

memoryofchildhood.

D

“Hispride,”saidMissLucas,“doesnotoffendmesomuchasprideoften

does,becausethereisanexcuseforit.Onecannotwonderthatsoveryfinea

youngman,withfamily,fortune,everythinginhisfavor,shouldthinkhighly

ofhimself.IfImaysoexpressit,hehasarighttobeproud.”

“Thatisverytrue,”repliedElizabeth,“andIcouldeasilyforgivehispride,if

hehadnotmortifiedmine.”

“Pride,”observedMary,whopiquedherselfuponthesolidityofher

reflections,“isaverycommonfailingIbelieve.

ByallthatIhaveeverread,Iamconvincedthatitisverycommonindeed,

thathumannatureisparticularlypronetoit,andthatthereareveryfewofus

whodonotcherishafeelingofself-complacencyonthescoreofsome

qualityorother,realorimaginary.Vanityandpridearedifferentthings,

thoughthewordsareoftenusedsynonymously.Apersonmaybeproud

withoutbeingvain.Priderelatesmoretoouropinionofourselves,vanityto

whatwewouldhaveothersthinkofus.”

PartII.TranslatethefollowingpassagesintoEnglish(40points).

我对于海，好像着了魔似的一天比一天迷恋起来，我爱它，甚至一天也

不能离开它。有时清早起来便奔向海滨，迎接血红的太阳由海边升起；

有时特地在阳光将要落山的时候，去领略海滩的黄昏滋味。我更爱看矗

立在海中央的灯塔，我佩服那守灯塔的人，他每天机械地守住自己的岗

位，给与往来的航行者一种光明的指示；假若没有他，这海面将被黑暗

所包围，来往的船只，随时都有触着暗礁的危险。

我爱海，我愿意将来有那么一天，筑两间茅屋在海滨，整天听柔风和海

涛蜜语，看海水吻着海滩；如果那时我还有痛苦的话，（其实，我知

道，痛苦会永远地跟随着我的。）我可以悄悄地投进海的怀抱，让雄壮

的海涛，为我奏着挽歌，温柔的海风，轻轻地抚摸着我浮在碧波上的尸

体；月儿和星星放出慈祥的光辉为我追悼。就这样，悄悄地没有一个人

知道，除了月亮，星光，风和海，我离开了这苦恼的人间，该是多么

美，多么快乐……

PartIII.Composition(50points).

Writeanarticleentitled“ToReadClassicsandtoHaveDialogueswith

Masters”(《阅读经典，与大师对话》)inChinese.

2012年青岛大学外语学院848英汉互译与汉语写作考研真题

PartI.TranslatethefollowingtermsandpassagesintoChinese(50points).

A

1．puritanism

2．synecdoche

3．alliteration

4．naturalism

5．renaissance

6．impliedreader

7．heroiccouplet

8．sonnet

9．neoclassicism

10．streamofconsciousness

B

Theidearunningthroughtheselecturesisbynowplainenough:thatthereare

inthenoveltwoforces:humanbeingsandabundleofvariousthingsnot

humanbeings,andthatitisthenovelist’sbusinesstoadjustthesetwoforces

andconciliatetheirclaims.Thatisplainenough,butdoesitrunthroughthe

noveltoo?Perhapsoursubject,namelythebookswehaveread,hasstolen

awayfromuswhilewetheorize,likeashadowfromanascendingbird.The

birdisallright—itclimbs,itisconsistentandeminent.Theshadowisall

right—ithasflickeredacrossroadsandgardens.Butthetwothingsresemble

oneanotherlessandless,theydonottouchastheydidwhenthebirdrested

itstoesontheground.Criticism,especiallyacriticalcourse,issomisleading.

Howeverloftyitsintentionsandsounditsmethod,itssubjectslidesaway

frombeneathit,imperceptiblyaway,andlecturerandaudiencemayawake

withastarttofindthattheyarecarryingoninadistinguishedandintelligent

manner,butinregionswhichhavenothingtodowithanythingtheyhave

read.

C

Attheendofthe18thcenturyanewliteraturearoseinEngland.Itwascalled

Romanticism,anditopposedmostoftheideasheldearlierinthecentury.

Romanticismhaditsrootsinachangedattitudetowardmankind.The

forerunnersoftheRomanticistsarguedthatmenarenaturallygood;society

makesthembad.Ifthesocialworldcouldbechanged,allmenmightbe

happier.Manyreformsweresuggested:bettertreatmentofpeopleinprisons

andalmshouses;fewerdeathpenaltiesforminorcrimes;andanincreasein

charitableinstitutions.

TheRomanticistsbelievedthatallmenarebrothersanddeservethetreatment

towhichhumanbeingsarebynatureentitled.Everymanhasarighttolife,

liberty,andequalopportunity.Theseideashadbeenwellstatedinthe

AmericanDeclarationofIndependence.InFrancearevolutionofthe

commonpeoplebeganin1789.ManyEnglishmenhopedthatthenew

democracies—FranceandtheUnitedStates—wouldshowthewayforthe

restoftheworldtofollow.Alongwithdemocracyandindividualismcame

otherideas.Oneoftheseideaswasthatthesimple,humblelifeisbest.

Anotherwasthatpeopleshouldliveclosetonature.ThustheRomantic

Movementwasinherentlyanti-progress,ifprogressmeantindustrialization.

PartII.TranslatethefollowingpassagesintoEnglish(50points).

1

我的生活曾经是悲苦的，黑暗的。然而朋友们把多量的同情，多量的

爱，多量的欢乐，多量的眼泪分给了我，这些东西都是生活存在所必需

的。这些不要报答的慷慨的施舍，使我的生活里也有了温暖，有了幸

福。我默默地接受了它们。我并不曾说过一句感激的话，我也没有做过

一件报答的行为。但是朋友们却不把自私的形容词加到我的身上。对于

我，他们太慷慨了。

2

历史的道路，不会是平坦的。有时走到艰难险阻的境界。这是全靠雄健

的精神才能冲过去的。

一条浩浩荡荡的长江大河，有时流到很宽阔的境界，平原无际，一泻万

里。有时流到很逼狭的境界。两岸山迭岭，绝壁断崖，江河流于期间，

回环曲折，极其险峻。民族生命的进展，其经历亦复如是。

……

中华民族现在所逢的史路，是一段崎岖险阻的道路。在这一段道路上，

实在亦有一种奇绝壮绝的境界，使我们经过此段道路的人，感到一种壮

美的趣味。但这种壮美的趣味，是非有雄健的精神的人不能够感觉到

的。

3

当我沉默的时候，我觉得充实；我将开口，同时感到空虚。

过去的生命已经死亡。我对于这死亡有大欢喜，因为我借此知道它曾经

存活。死亡的生命已经朽腐。我对于这朽腐有大欢喜，因为我借此知道

它还非空虚。

生命的泥委弃在地面上，不生乔木，只生野草，这是我的罪过。

野草，根本不深，花叶不美，然而吸取露，吸取水，吸取陈死的血和

肉，各各夺取它的生存。当生存时，还是将遭践踏，将遭删刈，直至于

死亡而朽腐。

但我坦然，欣然。我将大笑，我将歌唱。

我自爱我的野草，但我憎恶这以野草作装饰的地面。

地火在地下运行，奔突；熔岩一旦喷出，将烧尽一切野草，以及乔木，

于是并且无可朽腐。

但我坦然，欣然。我将大笑，我将歌唱。

PartIII.Composition(50points).

Writeanarticleentitled“TheCharmofLiterature”(《文学的魅力》)in

Chinese.

2017年青岛大学外语学院848英汉互译与汉语写作考研真题

PartI.TranslatethefollowingtermsandpassagesintoChinese(60points).

A

1．tragicomedy

2．modernism

3．pointofview

4．streamofconsciousness

5．synecdoche

6．appliedlinguistics

7．pragmatics

8．sociolinguistics

9．semantics

10．theinformativefunctionoflanguage

B

Rhythmissometimesquiteeasy.Beethoven’sFifthSymphony,forinstance,

startswiththerhythm“dididydum”,whichwecanallhearandtapto.But

thesymphonyasawholehasalsoarhythm—duemainlytotherelation

betweenitsmovements—whichsomepeoplecanhearbutnoonecantapto.

Thissecondsortofrhythmisdifficult,andwhetheritissubstantiallythe

sameasthefirstsortonlyamusiciancouldtellus.Whataliterarymanwants

tosay,though,isthatthefirstkindoftherhythm,thedididydum,canbe

foundincertainnovelsandmaygivethembeauty.Andtheotherrhythm,the

difficultone—therhythmoftheFifthSymphonyasawhole—Icannotquote

youanyparallelsforthatinfiction,yetitmaybepresent.

C

...Therethemeadowsarealllawnswiththelustrousgreenofspringevenin

August,andoftenover-shadowedbyold,fruit-trees—cherry,orapple,or

pear;andonSundayaftertheraintherewasanAprilgloryandfreshness

addedtothequietofthelatersummer.

Nowhereandneverintheworldcantherehavebeenadeeperpeace;andthe

bellsfromthelittleredchurchdownbytheriverseemedtobethemusicofit,

asthesongofbirdsisthemusicofspring.Thereonesawhowbeautifulthe

lifeofmancanbe,andhowmenbytheinnocentlaborsofmanygenerations

cangivetotheearthabeautyithasneverknowninitswildness.Andallthis

peace,oneknew,wasthreatened;andthethreatcameintoone'smindasifit

wereasoundlessmessagefromoverthegreateastwardplain;andwithitthe

beautyseemedunsubstantialandstrange,asifitweresinkingawayintothe

past,asifitwereonlyamemoryofchildhood.

D

“Thatisverytrue,”repliedElizabeth,“andIcouldeasilyforgive