Unit+2+Travelling+Around+单词讲解 高一上学期英语人教版（2019）必修1

Unit2TravellingAround——wordsandexpressions1.apply

vi.&vt.申请;请求vt.应用;涂(油漆、乳剂)(练习册P25)applyfor(ajob/passport/visa)申请(工作/护照/签证)applytodosth.申请做某事

e.g.Hehasappliedtojointhearmy.他已报名参军。applytosb/sth(forsth)向某人/某物申请(某物)apply…to…把……应用到……applyone’smind/oneselfto

致力于;专心于

e.g.Recently,hehasappliedhimselftohisstudies.近来,他专心学习。applicationn.应用;用途;申请haveawideapplicationin在……中得到广泛应用applicantn.申请者Practice1.他需要向政府申请救助。

Hehadtoapply_____thegovernment_____help.2.Theresultsoftheresearchcan________________(apply)tonew

developmentsintechnology.3.Thereareover200___forthejob.Allofthemhavehanded

intheir___.(apply)toforbeappliedapplicantsapplication2.amazing

adj.令人惊奇的;令人惊喜的(练习册P25)amazedadj.惊奇的;惊喜的beamazedat/by/that从句

对……很吃惊beamazedtodosth对做某事感到吃惊amazevt.使惊讶amazementn.惊奇

toone’s

amazement

令某人吃惊的是

inamazement惊讶地;吃惊地amaze的同义词：astonish,shock,startle,stun,surprise等Practice单句语法填空：1.Moreover,thesceneryalongtheriveris________(amaze),withmany

well-knownsightseeingspots.2.Hesaidmostofthepeoplewere_______(amaze)bytheplay’ssuccess.3.Iamamazed________(see)suchabadaccident.4.Tomy___________(amaze),hewasabletorecitethewholepoemfrommemory.5.Allthepeopleinthelecturehallstaredather___amazement.amazingamazedtoseeamazementin3.arrangement

n.安排;筹备makearrangementsfor安排;筹备arrangevt.&vi.安排;筹划arrangeforsbtodosth安排某人做某事

e.g.I’vearrangedforhimtoattendthemeeting.arrangewithsbaboutsth与某人商定某事

e.g.I’vearrangedwiththeneighborsaboutfeedingthedogs.4.take/gain/getcontrolof

控制;接管(练习册P29)

e.g.Sherealizedsheshouldtakecontrolofherillness,notletitcontrolher.control构成的短语：beyondsb’scontrol某人无法掌握/无法控制incontrolof控制;支配;管理losecontrolof对……失去控制;无法控制outofcontrol不受控制;失控undercontrol受支配;受控制5.recognise(-ize)

vt.辨别出;承认;认可(练习册P30)recognize…as/tobe

承认……是……e.g.ArthurMilleris

universally

recognizedas/tobe

oneofthegreatest

dramatistsofthe20thcentury.recognize+that从句

承认……,意识到……Itisrecognizedthat人们公认……recognitionn.①认出;认识;识别②承认;认可

beyondrecognition

认不出来

facialrecognition面部识别recognised/recognizedadj.公认的;经过检验的e.g.Incabuilderscutstonestoexactsizessothatnothingwasneededto

holdwallstogetherotherthantheperfectfitofthestones.

印加建筑工人把石头切割成精确的尺寸,这样除了石头的完美配合之外,不需要任何东西来把墙固定在一起。

此处，otherthan相当于介词,在句中是“除了”之意,用法较为正式,常用于否定语气之后。e.g.Thereisnobodyhereotherthanme.这里除了我以外没有别人。6.otherthan

除……以外知识拓展英语中意思为“除了……”的表达有otherthan/except/exceptfor/besides/apartfrom/but等。1.except和besides都可作“除……之外”,但含义不同。except表示“从所提到的人或事物中除去,即从整体中除去一部分”,表示递减的概念,含义是否定的。besides表示“除了……之外,还有……”,指“在整体中加入一部分”,表示递加的概念,含义是肯定的。

①Weallwentexcepthim.除他之外,我们都去了。(他没有去)②Weallwentbesideshim.除他之外,我们大家也都去了。(他也去了)2.except后面可接for,构成短语exceptfor,而besides不能。exceptfor表示非同类事物进行比较;置于句首时,表达except的含义。

e.g.Hiscompositionisgood,exceptforsomespellingmistakes.3.but含义与except相同,都表示递减的概念,二者在多数情况下可以互换,但用法稍有区别。except可以代替but,但but并不一定都可以代替except,如果句中有no、all、nobody、who、where等不定代词或疑问词时,多用but;后跟宾语从句时,多用except。

e.g.Ihavenochoicebuttoeatout.Beijingisbeautifulexceptwhenitiswindy.4.apartfrom兼有besides和exceptfor两种含义,后接名词、代词或动名词。5.otherthan含义与except/but相同,都表示从总体中除去一部分,后接名词、代词或不定式。辨析ratherthan,otherthan,morethan,lessthanmorethan意为“多于,超过”;lessthan意为“少于”;ratherthan意为“而不是”;otherthan意为“除了”。①Ihaveknownhimformorethantwentyyears.我认识他已超过二十年了。②Theyoungmanislessthantwentyyearsold.这个年轻人不到20岁。③Heisanartistratherthanaphilosopher.他是位艺术家而不是位哲学家。④Shehasnoclosefriendsotherthanhim.

除了他以外，她没有好朋友。知识拓展7.admire

vt.①钦佩;赞赏②欣赏;观赏admirableadj.令人钦佩的;值得赞美的;绝妙的admirationn.赞美;钦佩;令人赞美的人/物in/withadmiration钦佩地;赞赏地admirern.钦佩者;赞赏者e.g.DuringtheMid-AutumnFestival,familiesgathertoadmirethemoonandenjoydeliciousmooncakes.admiresb.for(doing)sth因(做)某事钦佩某人

e.g.Everybodyadmireshimforhisfinesenseofhumor.8.contact

vt.联络;联系n.联系;接触getin/makecontactwith和……取得联系e.g.Ihavemanagedtogetin/makecontactwithanoldfriend.keep/stayincontactwith和……保持联系e.g.TheInternethelpsmetokeep/stayincontactwithanoldfriend.losecontactwith和……失去联系e.g.Thepilotlostcontactwiththecontroltower.eyecontact眼神交流9.makeup

①构成;形成②编写;编造③化妆④和解⑤弥补(练习册P30)1.Withlifebeing

madeupofupsanddowns,itisnotalwayseasytomaintainagoodandenthusiasticattitude.2.Atyourfirstmeetingyoushouldmakeuparulebook.3.Theymadehimupasanoldmanforthelastactoftheplay.4.Theyhavequarreledseriouslythreetimesbuteachtimetheyhavemadeupandbecomebestfriendsagain.5.WesternersshouldtakeadvantageoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternphilosophy.构成;形成编造弥补化妆注意：makeup意为“形成,构成”时,其被动形式为bemadeupof。和解make构成的短语：makeadifference有影响;起作用→反义:makenodifferencemakeadecision做决定makeit①做到;成功②准时到达makeout理解;辨认出makefull/good/bestuseof充分利用makeupone’smind下定决心10.economy

n.经济;节约economicadj.经济(上)的;经济学的

economicgrowth/development/reform经济增长/发展/改革economicaladj.经济的;实惠的;节约的economicallyadv.在经济上;节约地economistn.经济学家11.detail

n.细节;详情;细微之处(练习册P32)indetail详细地detailedadj.详细的;详尽的

12.request

n./vt.(正式或礼貌的)要求;请求(练习册P33)requestsbtodosth要求某人做某事

e.g.Visitors

arerequestednottotouchtheexhibits.requestthatsb(should)dosth要求某人做某事(练习册P18:树形图)

e.g.Werequestthatthediscussion(should)beputoff.

Itisrequestedthat…(should)dosth据要求……makearequest要求,请求

e.g.Theymadearequestforfurtheraid.atsb’srequest/attherequestofsb应某人的要求

e.g.Thestudentswerethereattheteacher’srequest.13.view

n.视野;景色;看法vt.①看;观看;欣赏②看待(练习册P33)comeintoview进入视野;被看见outofview看不见;在视野之外inone’sview/opinion在某人看来

pointofview观点;态度inviewof鉴于;考虑到14.sight

n.景象;视野;视力atfirstsight一见(就)atthefirstsightof一看见……就catchsightof看见;发现comeintosight进入视线;映入眼帘losesightof看不见;忽略;忘记辨析：view指从某处看到的景色、风景，尤指自然美景

e.g.Thecottagehadadelightfulseaview.sight指看见或看得见的事物、景色，尤指壮观、奇特的景象

e.g.It’saspectacularsightastheflamingos(红鹤)liftintotheair.scenery

指一个地区如山脉、山谷、河流和森林等的自然景色e.g.Wepassedthroughmanybeautifulsceneryonourjourney.scene

指景象、景色，尤指有人和/或动物活动的风光e.g.Itwasadelightfulruralscene.课堂小练1.I’mwritingto__________(申请)thepositionasastudentvolu