2024年高考英语模拟卷（江苏卷01）（全解全析）

2024年高考英语第一次模拟考试（江苏卷01）（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A．Athome.B．Atahospital.C．Atadrugstore.【答案】C【原文】M:Excuseme,I’mlookingforsomethingforastomachache.W:Isee,sir.Howlonghaveyouhadthisproblem?M:Forafewdays.W:Youcouldtrythismedicine.Itmayhelp.ButIthinkyoushouldseeadoctor.2．Whattimeofdayisitnow?A．Morning.B．Afternoon.C．Evening.【答案】B【原文】M:I’vebeenupearlyinthemoming.I’mgettingabittirednow.W:Westillhavealotofworktodo.Doyouwantsomecoffeenow?M:Iwould.ButifIdrinkcoffeearoundthistimeintheafternoon,Ican’tsleepatnight.3．Wherearethespeakers?A．Onaplane. B．Onabus. C．Onaship.【答案】A【原文】M:Miss,istherestilltimeforacupofcoffeeonthisflight?W:Yes,butyouhavetodrinkitfastbecausewe’llbelandinginasecond.4．Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrowprobably?A．Rainy. B．Sunny. C．Windy.【答案】C【原文】M:It’sgoingtorainalldayaccordingtotheweatherforecast.W:Well,andit’stoowindytomorrow,sothatruinsourplantogohiking.Iwashopingtodaywouldbesunny!5．Whatcoststhemostaccordingtothewoman?A．Thecar. B．Therepairs. C．Thedrivinglessons.【答案】B【原文】M:Ihavefinallypassedmydrivingexam!Thedrivinglessonscostsomuchmoney!ItcostmorethantheoldcarIbought.W:Congratulations!Yes,oldcarsarequitecheap—it’sthecostofrepairsthatisthemostexpensivething.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。【听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。】6．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Teacherandstudent. B．Fatheranddaughter. C．Teammates.7．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofscienceintheend?A．Itisdangerous. B．Itisstrange. C．Itisgreat.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】M:OK,taketheliquidandcarefullypouritintothetesttube.Youmustbeverycarefulincaseitburnsaholeinthetable.W:Isn’tthisabitrisky,sir?Mydadisalsoateacherandhesayssciencecanbedangerous.M:Notifwetakecareanddoitcorrectly.Now,onceyouhavepouredalloftheliquidin,waitforittoreact.W:That’sstrange—there’salotofsmokeingoutofthetube!M:Don’tworry—that’ssupposedtohappen.Justkeepwatchingwithyourteammates.Whatelsedoyounotice?W:Thecolorischanging!Ilovescience!【听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。】8．WhyisthewomangoingtoGreece?A．Tovisitafamouspark.B．Toattenduniversity.C．Toseeherfamily.9．Howcanthemanbebestdescribed?A．Aprofessionaltourguide.B．Ahelpfultravelpartner.C．Afriendlystranger.【答案】8．C9．C【原文】M:Hi,Icouldn’thelpnoticingyouhaveamapofSofia.That’sverycool.Ihaven’tseensomeoneusepapermapsinages.W:It’soldfashioned,butIlovepapermaps.Plus,theyareofferedforfreeattheairport.M:Oh,soyoujustarrivedinBulgaria?W:Justtoday!Theuniversityisoutforholiday,soI’mflyingtoGreecetovisitfamily.ButIhavetostayinBulgariafor12hoursbeforemynextflight,soIfiguredI’dexplorethecity!M:Whatluckthatwecouldmeetinthispark!Bulgariaisfamousforyogurt.Trysomewhileyou’rehere—Ihopeyourtripislovely!【听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。】10．Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A．Disappointed. B．Tired. C．Excited.11．Whatkindofpaintingsdoesthemando?A．Modempaintings. B．Abstractpaintings. C．Impressionistpaintings.12．Howmuchwasthefamouspaintingworth50yearsago?A．Afewdollars.B．Afewthousanddollars.C．Afewmilliondollars.【答案】10．C11．B12．B【原文】M:Whatagreatgallery！Itwasatiringjourney,butnowIfeelrefreshedhere.Iamgladtoseethesepaintingsinperson.W:Let’sgototheimpressionistsection.Idon’tthinkyou’llbedisappointed.M:I’dliketostartwiththeabstractsection,becausethat’sthekindofartIdoforaliving.W:OK,we’lldothat.Afterthat,theimpressionistsection,andthenthemodemsection.M:Soundsgreat.Oh,lookatthis.Ican’tbelieveIamstandingfacetofacewithsuchafamousworkofart.Howmuchdoyouthinkitisworth?W:Whenitwasfirstpaintedacenturyago,theartiststruggledtosellit.Hesolditforonlyafewdollarsintheend.Even50yearsago,itwasonlyvaluedatafewthousand.M:Ibetitwouldgoforafewmillionnow.W:Youareright.【听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。】13．Whatisthemandoing?A．Cooking.B．Exercising.C．Preparingforameeting.14．Howdoesthewomansoundafterlearningtheman’sweightloss?A．Serious.B．Surprised.C．Happy.15．Howdoesthemangettoworknow?A．Bytrain.B．Bybus.C．Bybike.16．Whatwillthemandotohelpthewoman?A．Makesaladsforher.B．Gojoggingwithher.C．Lendabooktoher.【答案】13．A14．B15．C16．C【原文】W:Thatsmellsgood.Whatareyoumaking?M:Mybreakfastfortomorrow.I’vegotaveryearlystarttomorrowmorning.W:Whatareyougoingtodo?M:I’vegotameetingatmypany’sheadoffice.IfIdon’tprepare,IknowI’llendupeatingsomethingunhealthyatthetrainstation.I’vealsomadeasaladtotakewithmeforlunch.W:Wow!You’reveryseriousaboutlosingweight,aren’tyou?M:Iam.AndI’mhappytosayit’sworking!W:Oh,really?M:Yes,I’velostsixpoundssinceIstartedatthebeginningoftheyear.Iweighed180poundswhenIstartedinJanuary.W:That’samazing,andinonlyfourmonths!Haveyoubeenexercisingtoo?M:Yes.Iusedtotakethebustowork,andnowIrideabikeinstead.W:MaybeIshouldtrytolearnfromyou!M:Youdon’tneedtoloseanyweight!W:Imaybeslim,butIeattoomuchjunkfood.AndIdriveeverywhere,evenwhenitwouldbeeasytowalk.M:Well,Icanlendyouthebookthatinspiredme.W:Thatwouldbegreat!Thanks.【听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。】17．Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A．Whenandhowbicyclesbegan.B．Whatasimplemeansoftransportationis.C．Howdidthefirstbicycleappear.18．Whatdoweknowaboutthefirstbicycle?A．Itlookedlikeahorseonawheel.B．Itwaseasytoridebutunfortable.C．Itwasdifficulttorideandunfortable.19．Whendidthebicyclebeeapracticalmeansoftransportation?A．In1790. B．In1861. C．In1900.20．Whydidpeoplelikebicycles?A．Theywereveryfashionable.B．Theywereofthesamepricesashorses.C．Theydidn’tneedtobefedandwereeasytoride.【答案】17．A18．C19．B20．C【原文】M:Doyouknowwhenandhowbicyclesbegan?Well,intheeighteenthcentury,citiesbecamelargerandlarger.Andpeoplemovedfromthecountrysideandsmalltownstothecitiesbecausetherewasmoreworkforthemtodointhecities.OnSundaysandholidays,theylikedtoleavethecitiesandhaveagoodtimeinthecountryside.Butnoteveryfamilyhadahorse.Sopeopleneededasimplermeansoftransportation,andinventorsinmanycountriestriedtosolvethisproblem.Therefore,thefirstbicycle,whichwasverysimple,appearedin1790inFrance.Peoplecalledit“thehorseonwheels”,butitwasdifficulttorideanditalsofeltunfortable.Thenin1861,aftermanyimprovementsbeingmade,bicyclesbecameapracticalmeansoftransportation.Andpeoplelikedbicycles,becausetheywerenotasexpensiveashorses,andbetterstill,theydidn’tneedtobefed.However,theycouldgoanywhereandwereeasytoride.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheBestUSNationalParksYou’veNeverHeardofDryTortugasNationalParkLocated70mileswestofKeyWest,thisgroupofsevenislandsisagreatdestinationtoenjoysomeofFlorida’snature.Theislandsareposedofcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)andsand,andtheyarefamousforthebirdsandsealife.TouristscanalsoenjoyFortJefferson,whichdatesbacktothe19thcentury.TheodoreRooseveltNationalParkTheodoreRooseveltNationalParkisdividedintotwounits,anorthernunitandasouthernunit.Betweenthetwosections,thisparkgivestouriststheopportunitytoexperiencesomeofNorthDakota’suniquescenery,includingtheBadlands,canyons(峡谷)andmore.Thehikingtrails(小径)allowtouriststoseesomeofthiscountry’snaturalwondersandamazingwildlife.IsleRoyaleNationalParkIsleRoyaleisoneofthespecialparksintheUS.Theislandisonlyaccessiblebyboat.Oncethere,youcanenjoytheuniquewildernessthathasbeenprotectedinaspecialway.Theislandhasabeautifulcoastthatcanbeexploredbyboat.Youcanalsoexploretheislandbyhikingitsmanytrails.Anotheruniquefeatureoftheislandistheshipsthathavebeendestroyedatsea.GuadalupeMountainsNationalParkGuadalupeMountainsNationalParkextendsfromthelowdeserttothehighmountains.Touriststothisparkcanenjoyover80milesoftrailsthroughoutthepark,whichtravelthroughcanyons,woodlands,springs,mountainouswildernessandmore.ItisalsohometotheSaltBasinDunes,whichareanamazingwindsweptlandscape.21．WhatcantouristsdoinTheodoreRooseveltNationalPark?A．Walkalongthehikingtrails. B．Admirecoralreefs.C．EnjoytheSaltBasinDunes. D．SeeFortJefferson.22．HowcantouristsreachIsleRoyaleNationalPark?A．Bytrain. B．Bycar. C．Bywater. D．Byair.23．Whichofthefollowingfeaturesthewindsweptlandscape?A．IsleRoyaleNationalPark. B．DryTortugasNationalPark.C．TheodoreRooseveltNationalPark. D．GuadalupeMountainsNationalPark.【答案】21．A22．C23．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国的四个国家公园。细节理解题。根据TheodoreRooseveltNationalPark一节“Thehikingtrails(小径)allowtouriststoseesomeofthiscountry’snaturalwondersandamazingwildlife.(徒步旅行可以让游客看到这个国家的一些自然奇观和令人惊叹的野生动物。)”可知，游客在TheodoreRooseveltNationalPark可以体验这里的远足线路。故选A。细节理解题。根据IsleRoyaleNationalPark一节“Theislandisonlyaccessiblebyboat.(这个岛只能乘船到达)”可知，游客只能通过水路到达IsleRoyaleNationalPark。故选C。23．细节理解题。根据GuadalupeMountainsNationalPark一节“ItisalsohometotheSaltBasinDunes,whichareanamazingwindsweptlandscape.(它也是盐盆地沙丘的所在地，这是一个令人惊叹的风吹景观)”可知，GuadalupeMountainsNationalPark有独特的风蚀地貌。故选D。BCathyBrennancalmlypaddledherbrightyellowkayak(皮艇)downthePotomacRiver,continuinghervoyage,thelatestofhersolotripsonmajorwaterways.Itwastough,butitallowedBrennantoletgoofeverythingelse,emptyherbrainoftheeverydaychoresandfocusonthenow.“I’minthemoment,lookingatthewaves.”saidBrennan.Thejourneyisaminimaliststyle:sleepingbag,smalltent,rainjacket,changeofclothes,firstaidkit,applesandcheesesticks.Whenshe’sthirsty,shescoopswaterfromtheriversandpumpsitthroughafilter.“Ialwaysdrinktheriver,”shesays.Brennanlovesbeingontherivers,seeingthebaldeaglesabove,deeronthebanksandafascinatingarrayofbugsandinsectsthatneverfindtheirwayintohomes.However,everyfewdaysBrennanwillfindahotelforthenightwhereshecangetashowerandeatacheeseburger.She’llalsocheckinwithherhusbandJohn,whohashelpedherselecttheriverandresearchthetripsattheirhome.“He’smyvirtualSherpawithbenefits,”Brennansays,laughing.Shehasaphonewithherbutrarelycallsortextsanyone.Herchildrenusuallykeeptrackofherviathetransponderthatsendsthemherlocationevery10minutesorso.Brennanknowsthatsolokayakingisnotforeveryoneandshe’snotreckless.Brennangrewuponalakeandwasastrongswimmerandboaterfromanearlyage.Whengoingthroughroughrapids,shewatchestheweathercarefully.Sheiscautiousaboutwhereshecampsandwhoisaroundher.Shehaspackeduphergearandheadedbackoutontheriverwhenshehasfeltunsafe.Surely,sheisaloneonthesejourneysbutsheisn’tlonely.Shesuggestedthatweallneedsomedisconnectionfromthewiredworldtofindthewiderworldaroundus.24．WhatcanbelearnedaboutCathyBrennanfromparagraph1?A．Shelongsforcalmness. B．Sheseeksinnerpeace.C．Sheisfondoftravelling. D．Sheistiredofeverydayhousework.25．WhydoesBrennanregardherhusbandas“virtualSherpawithbenefits”?A．Becausehekeepstrackofher. B．Becausehearrangestherouteforher.C．Becauseheacpaniesherontheriver. D．Becausehecontactsherwithcallsandtexts.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reckless”inparagraph4mean?A．Cautious. B．Fearless. C．Ambitious. D．Thoughtless.27．HowisBrennan’skayaktripaccordingtothepassage?A．Oddandinstructive. B．RomanticandthrillingC．Costlyandrelaxing D．Toughandrewarding.【答案】24．B25．B26．D27．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了凯茜·布伦南用她的黄色皮艇独自旅行的故事。24.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Itwastough,butitallowedBrennantoletgoofeverythingelse,emptyherbrainoftheeverydaychoresandfocusonthenow.(这很艰难，但它让布伦南放下了其他一切，把她的大脑从日常琐事中清空，专注于现在)”可知，凯茜·布伦南独自旅行是为了寻求内心的平静。故选B。25．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She’llalsocheckinwithherhusbandJohn,whohashelpedherselecttheriverandresearchthetripsattheirhome.“He’smyvirtualSherpawithbenefits.”(她还会和丈夫约翰联系，他帮她选择了河流，并在家里研究了旅行。“他是我有福的虚拟夏尔巴人。”)”可知，布伦南认为她的丈夫是“有福的虚拟夏尔巴人”，因为他为她安排路线。故选B。26．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Brennangrewuponalakeandwasastrongswimmerandboaterfromanearlyage.Whengoingthroughroughrapids,shewatchestheweathercarefully.Sheiscautiousaboutwhereshecampsandwhoisaroundher.Shehaspackeduphergearandheadedbackoutontheriverwhenshehasfeltunsafe.(布伦南在湖边长大，从小就擅长游泳和划船。在穿越险滩时，她会仔细观察天气。她对自己的营地和周围的人都很谨慎。当她感到不安全时，她会收拾好装备，回到河上)”可知，布伦南非常谨慎，并不鲁莽。由此可知，划线词reckless与thoughtless“轻率的，欠考虑的”意思接近。故选D。27．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Itwastough,butitallowedBrennantoletgoofeverythingelse,emptyherbrainoftheeverydaychoresandfocusonthenow.(这很艰难，但它让布伦南放下了其他一切，把她的大脑从日常琐事中清空，专注于现在)”及最后一段中的“Shesuggestedthatweallneedsomedisconnectionfromthewiredworldtofindthewiderworldaroundus.(她认为，我们都需要与有线世界断开一些联系，以发现我们周围更广阔的世界)”可知推，布伦南的旅行虽然很艰难，但是很值得。故选D。CAnewstudyhasfoundthatlightpollutionismakingthenightskybrighterandthestarsdimmer(暗淡的).Thestudyexamineddatafrommorethan50,000citizenstarwatchersacrosstheworld,Itfoundthatmanmade,orartificiallightingismakingthenightskyabout10percentbrightereachyear.Dataforthestudywascollectedfrom2011to2022.Theresultwasamuchfasterrateofchangethanscientistshadestimatedinthepast.Ascitiesexpandandputupmorelights,a“skyglow”iscreatedinthesky.Skyglowisatermscientistsusetodescribelightthatbeesmoreintense.Theresearchteamgaveanexampletoexplaintheresult.Ifachildisbornwhere250starscanbeseenonaclearnight,bythetimethatchildturns18,only100starswillbeseen.PaststudiesinvolvingartificiallightingusedsatelliteimagesoftheEarthatnight.Theyhadestimatedtheyearlyincreaseinskybrightnesstobeabout2percentayear.Butthesatellitesusedarenotabletoidentifylightwithwavelengthstowardtheblueendofthespectrum(光谱)—includinglightgivenoffbyenergyeffectiveLEDbulbs.TheresearchersnotedthatmorethanhalfthenewoutdoorlightsputinacrosstheUnitedStatesduringthepast10yearshavebeenLEDlights.Thesatellitesarealsobetteratfindinglightthatgetsspreadupwardlikeaspotlightthanlightthatspreadsoutfromsidetoside,Kybasaid.“Migratorysongbirdsnormallyusestarlighttoorient(确定方向)wheretheyareintheskyatnight,”saidGeorgetownUniversitybiologistEmilyWilliams.Shewasnotpartofthestudy.Andwhenseaturtlebabieshatch,theyuselighttoorienttowardtheocean—lightpollutionisahugedealforthem.Falchi,thephysicistattheUniversityofSantiagodepostela,saidpartofwhatisbeinglostisauniversalhumanexperience.“Thenightskycausedthegenerationsbeforeourstohaveexcitingnewideasormadethemwanttocreatesomething,especiallyinart,music,scienceandliterature,”headded.28．WhatdoesthenewstudyfindaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Starsareobservedbymorecitizens.B．Starsaremuchbrighterthaninthepast.C．Lightpollutioncontinuestodarkenstars.D．Lightmakesthenightskymorebeautiful.29．Whydidtheresearchteamgiveanexampleofachild?A．Tohighlightanexperiment.B．Topresentanassumption.C．Toclarifyaconcept.D．Toexplaintheresultofartificiallight.30．Howdobabyturtlesorienttowardtheocean?A．Bythemoonlight. B．Bythestarlight.C．Bythesunlight. D．Bythespotlight.31．WhatmightthegenerationsbeforeoursthinkofthenightskyaccordingtoFalchi?A．Inspirational. B．Mysterious. C．Awesome. D．Scared.【答案】28．C29．D30．B31．A【导语】这是一篇说明文，一项研究表明：光污染使星星持续暗淡。细节理解题。根据第一段中“Anewstudyhasfoundthatlightpollutionismakingthenightskybrighterandthestarsdimmer(暗淡的).(一项新的研究发现，光污染正在使夜空变得更亮，星星变得更暗)”可知，这项新的研究发现光污染使星星持续暗淡，故选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中“Skyglowisatermscientistsusetodescribelightthatbeesmoreintense.Theresearchteamgaveanexampletoexplaintheresult.Ifachildisbornwhere250starscanbeseenonaclearnight,bythetimethatchildturns18,only100starswillbeseen.(天光是科学家用来描述光线变得更强烈的一个术语。研究小组举了一个例子来解释这个结果。如果一个孩子出生时，在晴朗的夜晚可以看到250颗星星，到他18岁时，他只能看到100颗星星)”可知，研究团队以孩子举例是为了解释人造灯光造成的结果——天空越来越黯淡。故选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中“Andwhenseaturtlebabieshatch,theyuselighttoorienttowardtheocean(当海龟宝宝孵化时，它们会用光来定位海洋)”可知，海龟宝宝孵化时利用星光来确定海洋的方向，故选B。31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Falchi说的话“Thenightskycausedthegenerationsbeforeourstohaveexcitingnewideasormadethemwanttocreatesomething,especiallyinart,music,scienceandliterature(夜空让我们的前几代人产生了令人兴奋的新想法，或者让他们想要创造一些东西，尤其是在艺术、音乐、科学和文学方面)”可知，按照Falchi的说法，在我们之前的几代人中，夜空是艺术、音乐、科学和文学的灵感源泉，他们认为夜空能够给予灵感，故选A。DDriverlesstaxicabs,almostcertainlyingtoacitynearyou,havefreakedout(吓坏)passengersinSanFrancisco,PhoenixandAustinoverthepastyear.SomedocumentedtheirexperiencesonTikTok,like“startledbytheemptyfrontseatsduringaridetoacoffeeshop”or“we’remakingalefthandturnwithoutusingalefthand”.ThenervouslaughterofanxiousTikTokersremindshistorianVictorMcFarlandofthepedestrianswhoyelled“Getahorse”tomotoristsinthe1910s.ButMcFarland,whoteachesattheUniversityofMissouri,saysthenewbeastsknownasautomobilesweremorethreateningandunfamiliartopeopleacenturyagothandriverlesscarsaretousnow.“Automobileswerefrighteningtoalotofpeopleatfirst,”hesays.“Theearlyautomobileswerenoisy,dangerous,hadnoseatbeltsandranoverpedestrians.”Somepeoplealsofeltthreatenedbythefreedomandindependencenewlyavailabletoentireclassesofpeople,saysSajeMathieu,ahistoryprofessorattheUniversityofMinnesota.TheyincludedblackpeoplewhosemovementswererestrictedbyJimCrow.Carsletthemmoreeasilysearchforeverythingfrombetteremploymenttoimprovedhealthcare,ascouldwomen.Largerconcernstodaymovetonumerouslawsthatcanbebrokenwhennooneisatthewheel.Whoistoblameifapregnantpersontakesadriverlesscaracrossstatelinestoobtainanabortion,forexample?Orwhendriverlesscarstransportillegaldrugs?Andbackthen,likenow,Mathieuadds,therewereconcernsaboutthefutureofcertainjobs.OncewewereworriedaboutTeamsters,whothendroveteamsofhorses,beingoutofwork.Truckerstodayfearthattheymightsoonpetewithdriverlessvehiclesintheirowndedicatedlanes.“Youcan’thavecongestionfreedrivingjustbecauseyouconstantlybuildroads,”observeshistoryprofessorPeterNortonoftheUniversityofVirginia.Now,hesays,isanexcellenttimetolearnfromwhathasnotworkedinthepast.“Itdoesn’tautomaticallygetsafejustbecauseyouhavestateofthearttech.”Historianssayweneedtostaybehindthewheelwhenitestodriverlesscars,evenifthatbeesonlyafigureofspeech.32．Whydidpedestriansshout“Getahorse”inthe1910s?A．Theydisapprovedofautomobiles. B．Theyhadpityonthepoorhorses.C．Theytriedtowarnmotoristsofdanger. D．Theywantedtoownahorsethemselves.33．Whatisaconcernabouttheriseofdriverlesscarstoday?A．Itmakescardrivingalostart. B．Itweakenspetitionincertainjobs.C．Itfavorsacertainsocioeconomicgroup. D．Itintroducesgrayareasinresponsibility.34．Whatdohistorianssuggestregardingdriverlesscars?A．Exploringnewtechnologyfurther. B．Buildingmoreroadstoavoidcongestion.C．Puttinghumansphysicallybehindthewheel. D．Gettingontopofconcernsoverdriverlesscars.35．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．DriverlessCars:PioneeringaNewEra B．DriverlessCars?WhatHistoryTeachesUsC．DriverlessCars?HowInnovationsShapetheWorld D．DriverlessCars:BridgingthePastandPresent【答案】32．A33．D34．D35．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文回顾了百年前人们对于汽车的态度，由历史照见今日，为今天无人驾驶的兴起带来了启示。32.细节理解题。根据第二段“ThenervouslaughterofanxiousTikTokersremindshistorianVictorMcFarlandofthepedestrianswhoyelled“Getahorse”tomotoristsinthe1910s.ButMcFarland,whoteachesattheUniversityofMissouri,saysthenewbeastsknownasautomobilesweremorethreateningandunfamiliartopeopleacenturyagothandriverlesscarsaretousnow.(焦虑的TikTok用户发出的紧张笑声，让历史学家VictorMcFarland想起了20世纪10年代对驾车者大喊“找匹马来”的行人。但在密苏里大学任教的McFarland说，一个世纪前，被称为汽车的新野兽对人们来说比无人驾驶汽车对我们来说更具威胁性和陌生感)”可知，行人对motorist吼叫“Getahorse”，表明了那时的人们对于汽车这种新事物持否定态度。故选A。33．推理判断题。根据第四段“Largerconcernstodaymovetonumerouslawsthatcanbebrokenwhennooneisatthewheel.Whoistoblameifapregnantpersontakesadriverlesscaracrossstatelinestoobtainanabortion,forexample?Orwhendriverlesscarstransportillegaldrugs?(今天，更大的担忧转向了许多法律，这些法律在没有人掌舵的情况下可能会被违反。例如，如果一个孕妇开着无人驾驶汽车穿越州界去堕胎，谁来负责？或者当无人驾驶汽车运输非法毒品时？)”可推断，无人驾驶汽车对于某些违法现象在责任归属方面难以界定，产生了责任的灰色地带。故选D。34．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Historianssayweneedtostaybehindthewheelwhenitestodriverlesscars,evenifthatbeesonlyafigureofspeech.(历史学家说，当涉及到无人驾驶汽车时，我们需要坐在方向盘后面，即使这只是一种比喻)”可知，人们需要对无人驾驶汽车进行监管和控制。故选D。35．主旨大意题。根据第二段“ThenervouslaughterofanxiousTikTokersremindshistorianVictorMcFarlandofthepedestrianswhoyelled“Getahorse”tomotoristsinthe1910s.ButMcFarland,whoteachesattheUniversityofMissouri,saysthenewbeastsknownasautomobilesweremorethreateningandunfamiliartopeopleacenturyagothandriverlesscarsaretousnow.(焦虑的TikTok用户发出的紧张笑声，让历史学家VictorMcFarland想起了20世纪10年代对驾车者大喊“找匹马来”的行人。但在密苏里大学任教的McFarland说，一个世纪前，被称为汽车的新野兽对人们来说比无人驾驶汽车对我们来说更具威胁性和陌生感)”以及本文回顾了百年前人们对于汽车的态度，由历史照见今日，给今天无人驾驶技术的问题带来了启示。B选项“无人驾驶汽车？史给我们的启示”最符合文章标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Bodyimageisaperson’sopinionsandfeelingsabouthisorherownbodyandphysicalappearance.36Youappreciateyourbodyforitscapabilitiesandacceptifsimperfections.So,whatcanyoudotodevelopapositivebodyimage?Herearesomeideas.Recognizeyourstrengths.Differentbodytypesaregoodfordifferentthings.Whatdoesyourbodydowell?Maybeyourspeed,strength,orcoordinationmakesyoubetterthanothersatacertainsport.Thatmaybebasketball,tabletennis,mountainbiking,dancing,orevenrunning.Orperhapsyouhavenonsportsskills,likedrawing,painting,singing,playingmusicalinstrument,writingoracting.37Exerciseregularly.Exercisecanhelpyoulookgoodandfeelgoodaboutyourself.Goodphysiques(体型)don’tjusthappen.38Ahealthyhabitcanbeassimpleasexercising20minutestoonehourthreedaysaweek.Workingoutcanalsoliftyourspirits.39Practicinggoodhabits—regularshowering;takingcareofyourteeth,hair,andskin;wearingcleanclothes,andsoon—canhelpyoubuildapositivebodyimage.Beyourself.Yourbodyisjustonepartofwhoyouare.40Sotrynottoletsmallimperfectionstakeover.A．Respectyourbody.B．Usethisasanopportunitytodiscoverwhatyou’regoodat.C．Yourtalentforedy,aquickwit,andalltheotherthingsmakeyouunique.D．Theytakehardwork,regularworkouts,andahealthydiet.E．Havingapositivebodyimagemeansfeelingsatisfiedwiththewayyoulook.F．Justexploretalentsthatyoufeelgoodabout.G．Thegoodnewsisthatselfimageandbodyimagecanbechanged.【答案】36．E37．F38．D39．A40．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了提高自我外在形象的方法和策略。由上文“Bodyimageisaperson'sopinionsandfeelingsabouthisorherownbodyandphysicalappearance.（形象是一个人对自己身体和外表的看法和感受）”和下文“Youappreciateyourbodyforitscapabilitiesandacceptitsimperfections.(因为身体的能力你欣赏它，同时要接受它的不完美)”可知，上文解释了什么是bodyimage，下文则让读者接受自己身体上的不完美，由此推知空处陈述好的外形对我们的影响。E项“Havingapositivebodyimagemeansfeelingsatisfiedwiththewayyoulook”（有好的外形意味着你对自己的样子很满意）切题，起到承上启下的作用。故选E。根据本段首句“Recognizeyourstrengths.(认清你的强项)”和下文“Thatmaybebasketball,tabletennis,mountainbiking,dancing,orevenrunning.Orperhapsyouhavenonsportsskills,likedrawing,painting,singing,playingamusicalinstrument,writing,oracting.（那可能是篮球、乒乓球、山地自行车、舞蹈，甚至跑步。或者你有非体育技能，比如绘画、唱歌、演奏乐器、写作或表演）”可知，有很多技能可以供我们开发，只要我们积极去探索就一定能找到适合自己的。F项“Justexploretalentsthatyoufeelgoodabout.”（要去探索你感觉好的才能）切题，起到总结该段内容的作用。故选F。由上文“Goodphysiques(体形)don'tjusthappen.（好的体形不会自己产生）”和下文“Ahealthyhabitcanbeassimpleasexercising20minutesto1hourthreedaysaweek.Workingoutcanalsoliftyourspirits.(一个健康的习惯简单的就像每天锻炼20分钟到一个小时。锻炼也能提升你的精神)”可推知，好的体形是需要通过锻炼等来塑造的。D项“Theytakehardwork,regularworkouts,andahealthydiet.”（它们需要艰辛的努力，定期锻炼和健康的饮食）切题，该选项中的they代指上文的goodphysiques。故选D。后文提到“Practicinggoodhabits—regularshowering;takingcareofyourteeth,hair,andskin;wearingcleanclothes,andsoon—canhelpyoubuildapositivebodyimage.”（养成好习惯——经常洗澡；照顾好你的牙齿、头发和皮肤；穿干净的衣服，等等，可以帮助你建立一个积极的身体形象。）该段提到洗澡、刷牙、照顾好头发皮肤，穿干净的衣服等等，这些都是对自己身体爱护的一个表现。A项“Respectyourbody.”（尊重你的身体）符合文意，总结了后文中对自己身体爱护的内容，该项起到引出后文的作用。故选A。40．前文提到“Beyourself.Yourbodyisjustonepartofwhoyouare.”（做你自己。你的身体只是你的一部分。）要接受自己的身体，无论好坏。后文提到“Sotrynottoletsmallimperfectionstakeover.”（所以尽量不要让小的不完美占据主导。），一个人都会有好的和坏的，要多多去发现自己好的一面，C项“Yourtalentforedy,aquickwit,andalltheotherthingsmakeyouunique.”（你在喜剧方面的天赋、机智和所有其他方面都使你独一无二。）该项提到每个人在不同的方面都会有属于自己擅长和好的一面，该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Beingvulnerable(脆弱的)isnotachoice.It’sa41inourlife.Whatwedowithvulnerabilitycaneitheropendoorstodeeperconnections,orbuildwallsthat42progressandfulfillment.Vulnerability43thestateofbeingexposedtothepossibilityofbeingharmed,eitherphysicallyoremotionally.It’spartofhuman44becausewearevulnerableinsomewayatalltimes.Wearevulnerabletoviruses,accidents,misunderstandingsand45causedbywhateverreasons.Theonlychoicewereallyhaveiswhetherto46itornot.Whensomepeople47thattheyhavenovulnerability,theyarehardtodevelopmeaning