2022高考英语阅读文体专项讲解之应用文

2022高考英语阅读文体专项讲解之应用文（学生版）

目录内容

SectionA高考真题练手

SectionB解题技巧及步骤梳理

SectionC例题练习及讲解

SectionD课堂限时训练

SectionE课后练习巩固

SectionA：真题练手

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HotelandHostelDesArtistes

HotelandHostelDesArtistesislocatedjusta10-minutewalkfromthecentralcitystationand

it'sclosetoallofthecity'smainattractions.Thestaffisfriendlyandhelpful,providingyouwitha

mapofthecitywhenyouarrive,andofferingadviceifyourequiresome.However,youneedtopay

2eurosadayforWi-Fi.

1：WhatisthedisadvantageofHotelandHostelDesArtistes?

A.Itgetsnoisyatnight.B.Itsstaffistootalkative.

C.ItchargesforWi-Fi.D.It'sinconvenientlylocated.

(-)

LancasterDesign

Weprovidefullfurnishings,likedonatedkitchenequipmentandfurnitureitems,forthenew

homesofpeoplewhowereoncehomeless.

Weneedpeoplewhocanworkatourwarehouse(仓库)sortingandpackingitemstobe

deliveredtofamilies,repairdonatedfurnitureandmore.Candidateswillbematchedwithatask

basedonskillset.

Interested?Submityourapplicationto

Orcall740-6119735

2：WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheLancasterDesignjob?

A.Applicantsareexpectedtodesignfurniture.

B.Workisarrangedaccordingtoone*sskillset.

C.Itinvolvescollectingfurniturefromhomes.

D.Itfavorsapplicantswhoarehomeless.

（三）

Itwasanextremelycoldwinter'seveningandfreezingfoghungin

theair.Iclimbedtothetopofasmallriseandrealisedthatthemistwas

MikeShepherd(2011)littlemorethanafewfeetdeep,andthoughitwasonlyashortclimb,I

SkiddawinWinterfoundmyselfpletelyaboveitandlookingatawonderfullyclearview

Cumbria,EnglandofSkiddawwiththesumsettinginthewest.Iusedclassicaltechniques,

translatedfrommycollegedaysspentinthedarkroomintoPhotoshop,

toachievetheblack—and一whiteimage(图像).

IwasbackinmyhometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinter

images.WalkingupapaththroughtheforesttowardsShutlingsloe.a

TimothySmith(2014)

localhighpoint,Icameacrossasmallclearingandimmediately

MacclesfieldForest

noticedthedeadyellowgrassessetagainstthefreshsnow.Thesmall

Cheshire,England

pineaddedtotheinterestandIplaceditcentrallytotaketheviewfrom

theforegroundrightthroughintotheforest.

3：WhatdotheworksbyShepherdandSmithhaveinmon?

A.Theyarewinterimages.

B.Theyareinblackandwhite.

C.Theyshowmountainousscenes.

D.Theyfocusonsnow-coveredforests.

SectionB解题步骤梳理

一、知识梳理：^=1

高中英语应用文是最贴近日常生活和工作的文体之一,

种类繁多，涵盖面广泛。一般包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简介、商品说明与介

绍、备忘录、新闻报道、书信、日记、请柬等等，形式多样，题材各异，如图示，表格等

等。应用文往往所用语言简洁明了，直截了当。

有时文章大部分甚至通篇都没有一句

完整的整句，而是用词语，短语，数字等来代替，祈使句和省略句的使用也较多。语言往

往规范清晰。文句精炼，形式灵活多样，信息量也较大。比如在广告类应用文中常会有些

小标题，而这些小标题暗示了广告内容。英语应用文有时会出现一些冷僻的专有名词，比

如人名、地名、书籍名等等。在内容方面，通常都比较生活化，实用化，多样化，这也符

合英语学习学以致用，学有所用的目的。

二、高中英语应用文的命题特点

英语应用文大多与日常工作，生

活息息相关，语言简练，文章短而精，具有很强的实用性，所以一般也不会出现与文章所

述问题无关的文字，都是紧绕题材应用文属于一种实用性文体，故其在语言运用上较为

规范整齐，不随意用词，一般有其固定的格式，比如书信、请柬、便条、申请书、个人简

介等等。顺序上一般也会按照文章段落顺序设问。

例如：whatisthemainpurposeofthefirstparagraph?

有时也会设问短文出处及写作意图这样的题目。

例如：Thepassageisprobablytakenfroma?

当然根据近几年高考英语阅读理解部分内容来看，相关试题的设问也越来越灵活多变

,靠近生活，考察我们的实际生活和应变能力。

三、解题技巧及步骤讲解

1：应用文特点：

a：带黑体字b：带表格c：带项目符号

2：解题方法：

1：读标题和小标题（不刻意翻译；提炼大写字母）

2：读题干。a：属于哪个小标题

b：本题问什么（必须翻译）扫描选项；大写字母；数字

3：在相应小标题下寻找答案（具体问题；具体分析）

4：选择答案（同义替换）

3：解题技巧：

1：答案是均匀分布的（4个小标

题；3个题目，每个小标题对应一题；一个小标题无）（4个小标题；4个题目，一一对应）

（4个小标题；5个题目，4+主旨；4+导言）

2：题文不一定同序

3：选择项与文章一模一样可以选吗？（应用文可以选；传统阅读只有单词意思；指代；观

点态度一样可以选，其他不可以选）

4：主旨题怎么解：a：各个小标题总结b：小标题前面部分关键词

c：广告；说明书；通知；促销——吸引人；促销；提供信息；说明

5：读不懂怎么办？——中文定位：将选项中关键词划记，挨个代入文章，反向寻找，在相

应小标题下出现一模一样或同义替换为答案

例题L,SectionC例题练习及讲解

NationalGeographicKidsmagazineoffersafreshnewlookfortoday'skids!Eachissue（期）

isjam-packedwithgreatstoriesaboutwildlife,adventures,otherkids,animals,sports,science,

technology,wonderfulplacesintheworld,popularculture,andmorecoolstuff-alldesignedto

keepkidsreading,thinking,learningandhavingfun!Forages6-12.

1：WhichdescriptionistrueaboutNationalGeographicKids?

A.Itisaperfectgiftforreaders.

B.Itaddstokids'homework.

C.Itischeapertobeboughtonthenewsstand.

D.Itreferstomanyfields.

例题2：

CarnavalofQuebec

TheQuebecCarnavalisa10-dayfestivalofwinter,theworld'slargest,pletewithnight

parades（庆祝游行）,iceskating,snowsculpturesandatoweringicepalace.Otherhighlightinclude

icecanoeracing,asugarshackandiconicCariboudrinks.

SanFranciscoChineseNewYearParade

SanFranciscohascelebrateditsChineseheritageduringitsannualChineseNewYear

Festival&ParadesincejustaftertheGoldRush.Theparaderanksamongthebestintheworld,

with100units,fancycostumes,fireworksanda268-fbotGoldenDragon,whichtakesateamof100

menandwomentomarchthroughthestreets.Ithasbeeoneofthelargesteventsofitskindinthe

world,drawingsomethreemillionspectatorsandtelevisionviewers.

2.CarnavalofQuebecandSanFranciscoChineseNewYearParadeboth.

A.includespecialfood

B.relatetoparades

C.takeplaceonlyatnights

D.havesculptureexhibitions

例题3：

OpeningHours

Monday—Sunday:9a.m.-5p.m.(lastentryat4:30p.m.)

It'sclosedonNewYear'sDayandChristmasDay.

PLEASENOTE:Averagemuseumvisittakes2hoursormore.

Pricing

AdultTicket:$25(ages12andup)

ChildTicket:$16(ages3-11)

Childrenaged2andunder:FREE

CollegeStudentswithID:$16

Seniors(62+):$16

Groups(10+):$10

3：WhencanpeopleenterHMNSforavisit?

A.At8:30a.m.onJune1st.

B.At12:30p.m.onJan.3rd.

C.At14:40p.m.onOct.15th.

D.At10:00a.m.onDec.25th.

4：HowmuchshouldTomandhistwosonsaged8and13payinalltoHMNS?

A.$66.B.$57.C.$41,D.$30.

例题4：

SpaceNeedle

RegularticketsfortheSpaceNeedleare$10cheaperfrom8:00a.m.to9:30a.m.Order

ticketsinadvancesoyoucangostraightinlinefortheelevators.Atthetop,youcanreadfunfacts

abouttheNeedleandinteractwithahuge,touchscreen“SkyPad“一nottomentionadmiring

incredible360-degreeviewsofthecity.

4：WhatcanyoudoattheSpaceNeedle?

A.Tastesomedelicioussnacks.

B.OverlookthewholecityofSeattle.

C.Seeawonderfulglasssculpture.

D.Takethefastestelevatorsintheworld.

SectionD课堂限时训练

GreenbeltontheGo

Tuesday,August14,201810:00a.m.—11:30a.m.

Joinusforrelaxingwalksthroughourparks.Enjoytheprettyviewsofthem,aswepointout

afewofthedistinctfeaturesthatmakeeachparkspecial.Thelengthofeachhikewillbe

determinedbythepaceofthegroup.Registrationisrequired.Toregister,pleaseemail

naturecenter@beforeAugust14.

Position:GreenbeltNatureCenterinBloodRootValley,700RocklandAvenueatBrielle

AvenueStatenIsland

EventOrganizer:StatenIslandGreenbeltConservancy,GreenbeltEnvironmentalEducation

Department

PhoneNumber:(718)351-3450

1：WhatdoweknowaboutGreenbeltontheGo?

A.Thelengthofthehikeissettled.

B.Peoplewillvisitthreedistinctparks.

C.IttakesplaceinConferenceHousePark.

□.Visitorsneedtoregisterinadvance.

(B)

Where:NewOrleans,Louisiana

Why:NewOrleansisknownforitsmusicandfoodscene—nottomentionthefestivals.Ithas

about130festivalseachyearsothere*sreallynobadtimetovisit.BourbonStreetistheobvious

choicefbrfood,drinkandjazzandit'sdefinitelyamust-visitlocation,especiallyforfirst-timersto

thecity.

Where:HudsonValley,NewYork

Why:TheHudsonValleyiswhereNewYorkersgotoescapethecitywhentheyneeda

healthydoseofnatureandrelaxation.JustanhourandhalfnorthofNewYorkCity,theHudson

Valleyismadeupofsmall,impossiblycharmingtowns,wheretheairisfresherandthingsdo

moveslowerinthemountains.

1：YoucanenjoydifferentthingsinNewOrleansexcept.

A.sceneryB.musicC.festivalsD.food

2：WhatcanNewYorkersenjoyintheHudsonValley?

A.Ancienttowns.B.Healthydiets.

C.Slowmovement.D.Innerpeace.

(C)

GrandStreetLocal

DidyouwakeuptodayanddecideyoureallyneedanAirJordanT-shirtfromthelate80sor

alegalBi-StateMachinerytruckerhat?Wethoughtso.YoucanfinditallatthisWilliamsburg

spot,runbyanicehusband-and-wifeteam.Streetweariswhatyou'Hfindatthisspotandit,sone

ofthebestforcasualclothes.

1.WhatkindofclothescanyoufindinGrandStreetLocal?

A.Casualwears.B.Classicclothes.

C.Eveningdresses.D.Formalclothing.

解析：根据GrandstreetLocal的"Streetweariswhatyou'llfindatthisspotandit'soneof

thebestforcasualclothes.(在这个地方，你会发现街头服饰是最好的休闲服装之一)”可知，

GrandStreetLocal提供的是休闲类服饰，故选A。

(D)

Worship

BasedinBushwickandfoundedin2013,Worshiphasfaithfulconsumersfarandwide,

thankstoitsmitmenttoitsvarietiesofhigh-qualityclothes.Youcanfindclothingandaccessories

(配饰)herefromthebeginningofthe20thcenturyuptotheearly90s.

］：WhatmakesWorshippopularwithconsumers?

A.Itsconvenientlocation.B.Itshigh-qualityclothes.

C.Itslonghistory.D.Itsspecialstyle.

(E)

FantasticFailures:TrueStoriesofPeopleWhoChangedtheWorldbyFailingDownFirst

ByLukeReynolds.Ages6to12.

TeacherLukeReynoldsopenseachchapterwithaquick,impossiblyperfectversionofone

person'slifeandthensayshowthatpersonactuallyhadtofacehugechallengestoacplishgoals.

Inthisbook,Reynoldswritesaboutvariousmonmen,womenandchildren.

1：WhatdoweknowaboutFantasticFailures?

A.Itwaswrittenbyafamousactor.B.Ittellsstoriesofordinarypeople.

C.Itisaboutsciencefictionstories.D.Itisaboutsomecelebrities*success.

SectionE课后练习巩固

Here'salistofbooksI'mlookingforwardtothisfallseason.Notallofthemwillrisetothe

leveloftheadvertisement,buttheyareabundantcrops.

HomeAfterDarkbyDavidSmall(Liveright,Sept.11)

In2009,Smallpublishedacelebratedgraphicmemoir(回忆录)calledStitches.Nowthe

CaldecottMedalwinnerisbackwithagraphicnovelaboutamotherless13-year-oldboybrought

upinanunhappyhomeinCalifornia.Thisisataletoldinfewwordsandmanystrikingimages.

OnSept.11at3p.m.,SmallwillbeatAmazonBooksatUnionMarket.Moreinformationat

amazon/graph-tale.

WaitingforEdenbyElliotAckerman(Knopf,Sept.25)

Thisbriefnovelisrelatedtoadeadsoldierwhoiswatchingoverahorriblyburnedpartnerin

aTexashospital.Thatsoundsembarrassinglyemotional,butAckerman,whoservedinanavyin

IraqandAfghanistan,isoneofthebestsoldier-writersofhisgeneration.Moreinformationat

amazon/military-essay.

AllYouCanEverKnowbyNicoleChung(Catapult,Oct.2)

Chung,editoroftheliterarymagazineCatapult,wasadoptedasababybyawhitefamilyin

Oregon.Inthismemoir,shewritesaboutherchildhood,herAsianAmericanidentityandher

searchfortheKoreanparentswhogaveherup.Moreinformationatamazon/politics-prose.

UnshelteredbyBarbaraKingsolver(Haiper,Oct.16)

Alternatingbetweenthepastandpresent,thisnoveltellsthestoryofawomaninvestigatinga

late-19th-centuryscienceteacherwhowascaughtupinthecontroversyoverDarwinism.Likeher

othernovels,thisonepromisestoexploresocialandscientificproblems.Visitamazon

/tech-scienceformoreinformation.

l.Ifyouhopeforasignatureoftheauthor,youwillprobablybuyacopyof.

A.A11YouCanEverKnowB.WaitingforEden

C.HomeAfterDarkD.Unsheltered

2.WhojoinedthearmyandwassenttotheMiddleEast?

A.ElliotAckerman.B.DavidSmall.

C.BarbaraKingsolver.D.NicoleChung.

3.1fyouwanttoreadbooksaboutnon-fiction,youcansurf.

A.amazon/graph-tale

B.amazon/politics-prose

C.amazon/military-essay

D.amazon/tech-science

(B)

WHERETOSTAYINSYDNEY

Whetheryouwanttostayinaconvertedbeerfactory,aluxuryhotelontheharbouroran

advancedloft-styleroom,Sydneyhasahugerangeoftop-qualityhotels.

1.THEOLDCLAREHOTEL

LocatedintheheartofSydney'sCentralParkdistrict,TheOldClareHotel,providing

luxurious(豪华的)roomsandfacilities,takesupahistoricChippendalepubandthenearbyformer

beerfactorysite.ThishotelhasbeenlovinglyrestoredbyPengLoh,aSingaporeanbusinessman

withapassionfbrredecoratingheritageproperties.

2.HILTONSYDNEY

ThisisluxuryacmodationrightinthecentreofSydney,withworld-classrestaurants,oneof

thecity'sbestbars.JustupstairssitsGlass,theaward-winningsmallrestaurantbycelebritychef

LukeMangan.DownstairsliesTheMarbleBar,aSydneyhotspotfordecadesandheritagelisted

duetoitsextensiveuseofmarble,datingbackto1893.Roomsaresimplyfashionable.

3.THELANGHAM

GrandharborsideluxurycanbeexpectedatTheLangham,locatedintheSydneycentre.The

hotelmakesthemostofitsimpressiveharbourviewswithamarble-decoratedhallthattakesyour

breathaway.Don'tforgettocheckouttheart,withacollectionofAustralia'smostfamouspainter.

Trytheirfamoushighteamenu,andbesuretocheckouttheincredibleunderground

swimmingpoolavailabletoguestsonly.

4.FOURSEASONSHOTELSYDNEY

Anotherluxurystaywithamazingharbourviews,theFourSeasonsHotelSydneysitsonthe

edgeofSydney'shistoricRocksdistrict.ADeluxeHarbourRoomwillgiveyouabreath-taking

view,withdarkwoodandsilkinsideincalmingcolors.DownstairsisGrain,oneofthebest-known

whiskybarsinthecity.

1.Whichofthefollowinghotelshousesarestaurantbyafamouschef?

A.TheLangham.B.HiltonSydney.

C.TheOldClareHotel.D.TheFourSeasonsHotelSydney.

2.WhatprivilegecanguestsenjoyinTheLangham?

A.Atasteofthefamoushighteaforfree.

B.Accesstotheundergroundswimmingpool.

C.Arestintheimpressivemarble-decoratedhall.

D.Agoodlookatthecollectionoffamouspaintings.

3.Whatdoallthehotelshaveinmon?

A.Famousbars.B.Harbourviews.

C.Heritageproperties.D.Luxuriousfacilities.

(C)

Returns&RefundGuarantee

The"Returns&RefundGuarantee^^isapromiseprovidedbysellersforeveryitemtheysell

onDHgate..Whenyoureceiveanitemthatwasboughtandpaidforonoursite,andyoufinditis

notasdescribedorisoflowquality,youcancontactthesellertoresolvetheseproblems.DHgate

willofferadditionalassistanceifthesellerisnotcooperative.

Scope

Thefollowingpointsshouldnotbeincludedinthe"Returns&RcftmdGuarantee”：

AThesellerdidn*tmakeanypromise.

AThesellercanprovideevidencetoprovetheitemsareasdescribed.

▲Youdidn'tcontactthesellerwithinthepromisedtime.

▲YouhavereleasedthepaymenttothesellerbeforeaskingDHgateforhelp.

Sellersareabletosetupthefollowingpromises：

Returningitemsfbranyreason

Buyerscanreturnitemsforarefundwithinaspecificdatewhichhasbeensetupbysellers,

suchas3days,and7daysfromthedaywhentheitemsarereceived.Theitems*receivingdateis

thedatethatisindicatedontheshippingcarrier'sofficialwebsite.Buyersshouldprepayanyreturn

shippingcost,whichwillbegivenbacktothebuyersafterthesellerreceivestheitemsaslongas

theitemsarereturnedinthesameexactconditionaswhentheyweredelivered.

ReturnsorRefundsacceptediftheproducthasqualityissues

Buyerscanreturntheitemsforarefundwhentheyarenotasdescribedorpossessquality

issuesbymunicatingdirectlywiththeseller.Thesellerisresponsibleforthereturnshippingcost.

Buyerscangetarefundandkeeptheitemswhentheitemsarenotasdescribedorpossess

qualityissuesbynegotiatingdirectlywithsellers.

1.WhocangetadditionalassistancefromDHgateintheguarantee?

A.Thebuyersinphysicalstores.B.ThebuyersonDHgate..

C.ThesellersonDHgate..D.Boththebuyersandthesellers.

2.Whichsituationiswithinthescopeoftheguarantee?

A.Thesellerdidn'tmakeanypromise.

B・Thebuyerhaspaidthesellerinadvance.

C.Thebuyeraskedfbrhelpwithinthepromisedtime.

D.Thesellerprovesthatthereisnothingwrongwiththeitem.

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Notallthesellersmakepromises.

B.DHgatesometimeswillpaythebuyers.

C.Sellersshouldprepayreturnshippingcost.

D.Thebuyercan'tkeeptheitemsaftergettingarefund.

(D)

SanFranciscoFireEngineTours

SanFranciscoWinerTour

Running:February1stthroughApril30th

ThisdelicioustourgoesthroughthecityonitswaytoTreasureIslandwherewewillstopat

thefamousWinerySF.Hereyoucanenjoy4poursofsomeofthebestwineSanFranciscohasto

offer.(Includedinticketsprice)

DepartingfromtheCannery:Tourtimesuponrequest.

Duration(时长)：2hours

Price:$90

BacktotheFiftiesTour

Running:August16ththroughAugust31st

ThistourtransportsyoubackintimetooneofSanFrancisco'smostfantasticperiods,the

1950s!EnjoyfunhistoryaswetakeyouthroughSanFranciscoforafreetasteoficecream.

DepartingfromtheCannery:5:00pmand7:30pm

Duration:2hours

Price:$90

Spook、HalloweenTour

Running:October10ththroughOctober31st

JoinusfbraridethroughthehistoricalPresidiodistrict.Authenticfiregear(月及装)isprovided

foryourwarmthasourentertainerstakeyoutosomeofthemostthrillingpartsofSanFrancisco.

DepartingfromtheCannery:6:30pmand8:30pm

Duration:1hourand30minutes

Price:Availableuponrequest

HolidayLightsTour

Running:December6ththroughDecember23rd

ThisattractivetourtakesyoutosomeofSanFrancisco'smostcheerfulholidayscenes.

Authenticfiregearisprovidedforyourwarmthasyougetintotheholidayspirit.

DepartingfromtheCannery:7:00pmand9:00pm

Duration:1hourand30minutes

Advancereservationsrequired.

1.WhichofthetoursisavailableinMarch?

A.SanFranciscoWineryTour.B.BacktotheFiftiesTour.

C.SpookyHallowenTour.D.HolidayLightsTour.

2.WhatcantouristsdoonBacktotheFiftiesTours?

A.GotoTreasureIsland.B.Enjoytheholidayscenes.

C.Havefreeicecream.D.VisitthePresidiodistrict.

3.WhataretouristsrequiredtodotogoonHolidayLightsTour?

A.Takesomedrinks.B.Setoffearlyinthemorning.

C.Wearwarmclothes.D.Makereservationsinadvance.

(E)

Wanttoexplorenewcultures,meetnewpeopleanddosomethingworthwhileatthesame

time?Youcandoallthe