舟山市定海区2023年考研《英语一》临考冲刺试题含解析

舟山市定海区2023年考研《英语一》临考冲刺试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)InhighschoolIhadamathteacher,Mrs.Davies,whotookherjobseriouslyandexpectedherstudentstoputforththesamedegreeofcommitment(付出).Strictbutfair,sheheldourattentionwithhergreatmethod.Oneofher1wasforstudentswhoweremoreadvancedacademically.Ichoseto2itandsoonrealizedthatthecoursewasabitovermyhead.I3withthecomplexproblemsthatothersseemedtolearnwithoutmucheffort.OneFridayweweretested4ourabilitytouseatheorem(定理)thatnooneintheclassthoroughlyunderstood.Theteacherwould5ourpapersbasedonourabilitytoprogressthroughtheproblemwhicheasilyfilledtwopagesofformulaicnotations(公式符号).Iwasabsolutely6.Finally,Ididn'tusetherequiredtheorem.Instead,Idecidedtousemorefamiliartheoremstoarriveatan7.IknewIhadfailedbecauseIhadn'tdonethe8assignment.Ibecameresigned(顺从)tomyfate.Ourtestpaperswere9backthefollowingMonday.Everyonereceiveda"C"exceptforme.Tomysurprise,Ireceivedan"A".I10thattheremustbeamistake.Iwatched11astheteacherapproachedmydesk,smiled,andaskedformytest12back.Shethenwentbacktocopymyworkontotheblackboard,13theclasshowIhadarrivedatthecorrectanswer."Mathematicsismeanttobeacreativetool,pushingourmindstoarewardinganswer,"shesaidwithconfidence.14Ididn'tusetherequiredtheorem,sheseemedreallyproudofhowI'dworkedthroughtheproblem.Theclasssawherfoldmytestpaperandputitintohertextbook.Sheannouncedthatitwouldbe15withfutureclasses.Myteacherwouldhavebeenjustified(合理的)ingivingmea16grade.Instead,sheusedthe17todeeplyinfluenceastudentwhooftenstruggled.Andafterfortyyears,Istillcherishthe18.Ithelpedchangemyself-image.I19uptoabroadboundaryofpossibilitieswhichhasmademylifeanadventure.Sheunderstoodthatteachingwentbeyondstrictdemandsandcouldbeusedto20Thankyou,Mrs.Davies.1、A．ways B．tasks C．tests D．classes2、A．run B．take C．teach D．like3、A．compared B．struggled C．connected D．argued4、A．on B．at C．in D．for5、A．explain B．collect C．print D．grade6、A．tired B．curious C．lost D．satisfied7、A．effect B．end C．answer D．interest8、A．completed B．proved C．fixed D．required9、A．handed B．held C．thrown D．dated10、A．hoped B．assumed C．declared D．dreamed11、A．angrily B．regretfully C．disappointedly D．nervously12、A．paper B．score C．question D．method13、A．helping B．following C．showing D．praising14、A．Since B．Unless C．Though D．Because15、A．shared B．exchanged C．practised D．checked16、A．friendly B．failing C．corrected D．wrong17、A．possibility B．creation C．intention D．opportunity18、A．change B．memory C．school D．life19、A．opened B．kept C．made D．looked20、A．learn B．survive C．inspire D．manageSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1FreeOnlineCreativeWritingWorkshopSuitableforthestudentsofallLevelsDreamofwritingpoetry,shortstories,ornovels?Everwatchedamovieoraplayandfeltthedesiretowriteascriptofyourown?Ifso,takeourcourseonline.Notonlywillwebringyoutechniquesallformsofcreativewritingneedmost,wewillalsotouchonthechallengesandtechniquesthatmakeyourwritinguniquewhilegettingyourbrain—andyourhand—moving.Lesson1:SmallStepsAsastudentofthiscourse,andasacreativewriter,youwillbewriting.Decidewhereyourwordswillgo.Willyouwritelonghandorwillyoutypeyourwordsonakeyboard?Lesson1Video★CompleteAssignment:AnIntroduction★Complete:Assignment1:StartingSmall★CompleteExam:Lesson1:SmallStepsLesson2:GettingOutofYourOwnWayIfyoulongtowritecreatively,butyouhaveahardtimegettingstarted,youarenotalone.Therearefarmorepeopleintheworldwhowishtheywerewritersthanthosewhoactuallywrite.Lesson2Video★Review2Articles:BeingHeldBackbyYourFearofWriting?OnlineWritingGroupsandWritingCommunities★Complete:Assignment2:CombattingFear★CompleteExam:Lesson2:GettingOutofYourOwnWayStudentrecommendations“Greatjob.IespeciallyenjoyedtheopportunitytolearnaboutandtrysomewritingexperiencesI’dneverthoughtImightlike.”-DotS.“Thewritingassignmentsandtheinstructorfeedbackweremosthelpful.Ihavetakentwoclassesfromthisinstructor,andIlearnedagreatdealinboth.”-KarenR.“Thecoursehadmanysuggestedactivitiesandexercises.ThemoreoftheseIdidthebetterexperienceIhadwitheachlesson.”-MelT.602、Whatisthepassagedesignedfor?A．Introducingsomewritingskillstochildren.B．Attractingmorestudentstoattendthecourse.C．Persuadingstudentstowritemorecreatively.D．Arousingthechildren’senthusiasminliterature.1、WhatproblemcanLesson2helppeopletosolve?A．Writinglonghand. B．Finishingassignments.C．Beingafraidofwriting. D．Beingtooshytojoingroups.2、Thestudentrecommendationsmakethecoursemore.A．convincing B．challengingC．recognizable D．practicalText2Ifyou’reDIY-minded,youcanbuildyourownsolarpowersystem.Insomeyoucanevenbuildyourownsolarpanels,althoughtheamountthatyoucaneffectivelyDIYhomesolardependsonhowmuchyouwanttopower.Makingyourownsolarpanelisatime-consumingprocessandrequiressomeelectricalskills.However,itcanalsobeveryregarding—leaningtobuildyourownpanelisagreatwaytounderstandhowelectricityingenerated.Beforeyoucanbuildyourownsolarpanels,youfirstneedtounderstandhowsolarcellsgenerateelectricity.Onceyou’veboughtindividualsolarcells(theycanbepurchasedonline),thebasicprocessforbuildingyourownsolarpanelgoeslikethis:Preparethebackingforyourpanel.ManyDIYsolarpanelbuildersprefertouseawoodenboardasthebasefortheirsolarcells.You’llneedtodrillholesmtheboardsothatthewiresforeachcellcanpassthrough.Wireyoursolarcellstogether.Thisrequiressomeexperienceforelectricalwork.Useasolderingiron(烙铁)toattachwiretothesolarcellsandthenlinkeachofthecellstogether.Attachcellstoyourbacking.Ifpossible,attacheachsolarcelltothebackingindividually.Thismakesiteasiertoreplaceasinglecellintheeventthatbecomesdamagedorisnotoperatingproperly.Atthispointyouhaveafunctionalsolarpanelthatcanproduceelectricitywhenthesunshines.However,asolarpanelbyitselfisnotuseful.Ifyouaretryingtogenerateelectricitytopowerdevicesinyourhome,youneedtopairyourpanelwithinverter(转换器)thatwillturndirectcurrent(DC)powerfromthesunintoalternatingcurrent(AC)powerusedinmostelectronicdevices.1、WhatdoestheauthorthinkofbuildingDIYsolarpanelinparagraph1?A．Itiseasy.B．Itisnecessary.C．Itiscommon.D．Itisworthwhile.2、What’sthefirststepofbuildingyourownsolarpanel?A．Mastertheadvancedknowledgeofscience.B．Buyindividualsolarcells.C．Preparethebackingforyourpanel.D．Drillholesinthewoodenboard.3、Whyaresolarcellsconnectedtothewoodenboardseparately?A．Toproducemorepower.B．Topassthroughthewoodenboardeasily.C．Toattachcellstothebackingtightly.D．Tosubstitutedamagedcellseasily.4、Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．PeoplewithelectricalskillshaveadvantagesoverthosewithoutinDIYsolarpanels.B．Afunctionalsolarpanelcangivepowertoyourhomedevicesdirectly.C．Howtopairaninverterdependsonhowmuchpoweryouwanttopower.D．Awoodenboardisamustforyourownsolarpanels.Text3Aresearchhasshownthatnearly90percentoftrafficaccidentsarecausedbyhumanerrors.Soouraimisafullyautonomous(自动的)carthatgetsridofthecauseofmostaccidents:thedriver.ResearcherHodgsonpointsout,“Forsafety,thefasteryoucanremovehumans,thebetter,evenifthereareunfortunatelyafewaccidentsfromnewcauses.It’saquestionofbalancingthenumberinjuredorkilledbyautonomousvehicleswiththepeoplewhoselivesarepotentiallysaved.”It’sanideathatElonMusk,chiefexecutiveofelectriccarcompanyTeslaMotors,haslongbelieved.Hiscompanyisdeterminedtobethefirsttodeliverafullyautonomousvehicletoconsumers.Lastyear,MuskannouncedthatTesla’s2019goalwas“todoanexampledriveoffullautonomyallthewayfromL.A．toNewYork，andhavethecarparkitself.However,evenTeslaadmitsthatthereareproblemstoovercome—thesoftwareneedsfurthervalidation(批准生效)andtheappropriateregulatoryapprovalneedstobeinplace.Indeed,recentcrashesofTeslavehiclesandGooglecarsconfirmthatthesoftwareisn’treadyyet.TheUKgovernmentappearscommittedencouragingthedevelopmentofautonomousvehicles.It’ssupportingfourcitytrials,publishingtheModernTransportBilltoreduceredtapearoundtheirintroductionandadaptingthelegalsystemtotakeintoaccountproblemssuchasinsuranceliabilitywhenahumanisn’tincontrolofavehicle.Theinsuranceindustryissimilarlyeagertohelpincreaseautonomyincars.AstheAssociationofBritishInsurerspointsout,“Nearly90percentofroadaccidentsarecausedbyhumanerrors.”Thiscostsmotorinsurersashocking$20millionperdayinclaims.1、WhatdifficultydoesthecompanyTeslaMotorshave?A．Thecompanylacksconfidencetomakenewcreations.B．Newinventionsmaycausemoreinjuriesanddeaths.C．Thesoftwareshouldbemadeofficiallyacceptable.D．Thetrafficregulationhasprovedunreasonable.2、WhatistheUKgovernment’sattitudetoautonomouscars?A．Cautious. B．Positive.C．Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.3、Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．Insurancecompanieswouldliketosupportautonomouscars.B．Humanmistakesmaybethekeycauseoftrafficaccidents.C．Trafficaccidentswasteinsurancecompaniesquitealot.D．Motoristsaresurprisedtohearaboutautonomouscars.4、Thepurposeofwritingthetextisto________.A．amusereaderswithfunnyexamplesB．showhisdeeploveforautonomouscarsC．introduceanewdevelopmentintechnologyD．provideapersuasiveargumentagainstautonomyText4FiftyyearsagoIhadayoungfamilyofthreeboys.MyhusbandJohnnyandIleftthemwithafriendwhilewemadeararetriptothecinemainLiverpool.Itwasdarkandpouringwithrainbutwiththeheadlightsshiningontheroad,wesawsomethingaheadofus.JohnnypulledtoastopandIjumpedout,rantothegrassedgeandgrabbedasmall,wet,andfrightenedcreature.Iwrappeditsafelyinmywoollenhatandinsistedthatmyhusbandturnbackandheadforhome.Wethoughtitwasababyrabbitbecauseithadlongearsandwasgrayish-brownincolour.Oncehome,wefilledaboxwithtorn-upnewspaperandawarmtowel.WenamedournewanimalBobsyaswehadnoideaofitssex.Sadlythough,onthethirddaywithus,itcaughtitsbackfootinadoorandwequicklyrealiseditwasbroken.Werushedtothevet(兽医),whosaid,“It’sonlyarabbit,I’llputittosleep.”Ourresponsewasaverydetermined,“Noway!”Wefoundanthervetandtoldthatshewasababyhare.Weweretoldweshouldcontinuetokeepherinherboxforaweekandherfootwouldheal.Afterherrecovery,Bobsylearnttousethekittylittertray.Shewouldcombherlongearswithherfrontpaws.Thelocalpaperheardaboutthisandcametoourhousetotakeherphotoandwriteastoryabouther.WehadherforsevenwonderfulyearsbeforewemovedtoNewZealandandwewillneverforgether.1、WhydidJohnnystophiscarsuddenly?A．Hecameacrossafriend.B．Theheadlightswentout.C．Hiscarbrokedownontheroad.D．Henoticedsomethinginfrontofhim.2、Whathappenedtothelittleanimalonitsthirdday?A．Itsleptonadoor.B．Itwasstuckinadoor.C．Itsfootgotseriouslyinjured.D．Itfellofffromthetopofadoor.3、Whichbestdecribesthefamily’sattitudetowardstherabbit?A．Considerate. B．Cruel. C．Hopeless. D．Indifferent.4、Whatisthepassagemainlyintendedtodo?A．Totelltheimportanceofprotectingsmallanimals.B．Torememberunusualexperienceswithasmallrabbit.C．Topersuadepeopletogivegenerouslyandreceivethankfully.D．Tomaketherabbitwidelyknowntolocalpeoplebypaper.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)JoannaCole,bornonAugust11,1944inNewark,NewJersey,hasbeencreditedtobeoneofthe1．(popular)children’sauthorsofalltimeShe2．(write)over250bookssofarColehasowedalargepartofherpassiontooneofherelementaryschoolteachersJoannaColecontinuedhereducationand3．(final)earnedabachelor’sdegreeIn1971shedecidedtowriteherfirstbookcockroachesShedidsomeresearchanddiscovered4．hadneverbeenabookwrittenforchildrenaboutcockroaches5．,shethoughtshewouldbethefirstColewrotethefirstMagicSchoolBusin6．Thebookwouldgoontobepublishedthe7．(follow)yearandquicklybecamebookseriesandcartoonseriesduetoits8．(succeed)Colewritesinawaythatwillhopefullyinspirechildren9．(think)likeascientistShedoesthisbywritingideasinsteadofjustfactsShealsotriestoaskquestionsinherbooks10．requirechildrentothinkanddiscovertheanswersastheyreadThiscreates11．engagingexperienceforchildren,soitisnowonderwhyyoungerreadersareinterestedinherbooksHardlycanyousucceed1．doingsomethingverywellthefirsttimeyoudoitTherefore,whenyoudosomethingforthefirsttime,itistimetogiveuptheideaofperfectionIrememberthefirsttimeIdroveacarintrafficafter2．（get）mydriver’slicenseIwasverynervousinthatheavytraffic--mydrivingstyle3．（show）thatIwasn’taveryconfidentdriverNowIammuchmore4．(experience)asadriverAlthoughIstilldon’tconsider5．(me)aperfectone,I’mmuchmoreconfidentbehindthewheelthan6．IwaswhenIstartedIngeneral,itisuselessworkinghardfordoingsomething7．（perfect）whenyoudoitforthefirsttimeYou8．(be)settingthebarsohighthatyoujustfeelbadwhenyouareunabletomeetthelevelyouhavesetAlso,perfectionisjustanotherway9．(delay),sotryingtobeperfectisjust10．wasteoftimeYoushouldworkhardforexcellenceinsteadSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)ColdweatherisgoodforyouWithwinterapproaching,peoplebegintocomplainaboutcoldweather.1、There’splentytoloveaboutcoldweather.Andthere’splentyofevidencethatcoolertemperaturescanbepartofahealthylife.First,coolertemperaturescanhelpyouloseweight.Itcanalsohelpyousleepbetter.Youmightfeeluncomfortableatfirstifyoucoolyourbedroomdown.Butifyou,forexample,switchyourbedroomtemperaturefrom72downto62degreesgraduallyoverafewweeks,yourbodywilladjust.2、Ihavelongkeptmywinterhousetemperatureat62degrees.HowdidIfindthatnumber?Well,Iexperimentedonmyselfabouteightyearsago.3、Istartedat66andturneditdownonedegreeeveryfewdaysuntil60.Ifoundwhenthetemperaturewascolderthan62,Icouldn’tfocus.But62wasperfect.Anotherbenefitformewasthatitalsokeptmeclear-headedwhileworkingathome.Interestingly,sciencealsosays62degreesisthemagicnumberforbrainwork.4、Itsaid62degreeswasthetemperatureatwhichtheschoolboysubjectsofthestudyfunctionedperfect.Andwhilewe’respeakingofworkandschool,otherresearchshowsthatpeoplestudybetterwhentheweatheroutsideis“bad”.5、ButaccordingtoaHarvardHealthLetterfrom2010,propercoldtemperaturescouldbegoodforskinbecauseittrainsbloodvesselsintheskintoberesponsive.So,rosycheeks!There’snoreasontobeafraidofwinterweather.Hugitandyou,too,canenjoytheseason.A．Irecentlyreada1972study.B．Andyou’llsavemoneyonenergycostsaswell.C．Manypeopleliketousecoldwatertowashtheirface.D．Atthattime,Iworkedathomeandlikedwarmtemperature.E.Mostofusthinkcoldweatherleadstodryskinandwrinkling.F.ThereasonwasthatIhatedspendingmoneyonheatingbills.G.Butifyou’reactiveandhealthy,itdoesn’thavetobeanegativething.Youdon'tneedsuperpowerstocommittobeinghealthier.Checkoutthesetips.Write