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2023年兴化市考研《英语一》模拟预测试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)RaynorWinnandherhusbandMothbecamehomelessduetotheirwronginvestment.Theirsavingshadbeen1topaylawyers’fees.Tomakemattersworse,Mothwasdiagnosed(诊断)witha2disease.Therewasno3,onlypainrelief.Failingtofindanyotherwayout,theydecidedtomakea4journey,astheycaughtsightofanoldhikers’(徒步旅行者)guide.Thiswasalongjourneyofunaccustomedhardshipand5recovery.Whenleavinghome,RaynorandMothhadjust£320inthebank.Theyplannedtokeepthe6lowbylivingonboilednoodles,withthe7hamburgershoptreat.Wildcampingis8inEngland.Toavoidbeingcaught,theWinnshadtogettheirtentup9andpackeditawayearlyinthemorning.TheWinnssoondiscoveredthatdailyhikingintheir50sisalot10thantheyrememberitwasintheir20s.Raynor11alloveranddesiredabath.Moth,meanwhile,afteraninitial12,foundhissymptomswerestrangely13bytheirdailytiringjourney.14,thecouplefoundthattheirbodiesturnedforthebetter,withre-foundstrongmusclesthattheythoughthad15forever."Ourhairwasfriedandfallingout,nailsbroken,clothes16toathread,butwewerealive."Duringthejourney,Raynorbeganacareerasanaturewriter.Shewrites,"17hadtakeneverymaterialthingfrommeandleftmetornbare,anemptypageattheendofa(n)18writtenbook.Ithadalsogivenmea19,eithertoleavethatpage20ortokeepwritingthestorywithhope.Ichosehope.”1、A.drawnupB.usedupC.backedupD.keptup2、A.mildB.commonC.preventableD.serious3、A.cureB.luckC.careD.promise4、A.businessB.walkingC.busD.rail5、A.expectedB.frighteningC.disappointingD.surprising6、A.budgetB.revenueC.compensationD.allowance7、A.frequentB.occasionalC.abundantD.constant8、A.unpopularB.lawfulC.attractiveD.illegal9、A.soonB.earlyC.lateD.slowly10、A.harderB.easierC.cheaperD.funnier11、A.rolledB.bledC.achedD.trembled12、A.struggleB.progressC.excitementD.research13、A.developedB.controlledC.reducedD.increased14、A.InitiallyB.EventuallyC.TemporarilyD.Consequently15、A.gainedB.keptC.woundedD.lost16、A.sewnB.washedC.wornD.ironed17、A.DoctorsB.HikingC.LawyersD.Homelessness18、A.wellB.partlyC.neatlyD.originally19、A.choiceB.rewardC.promiseD.break20、A.looseB.fullC.blankD.missingSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Ifyou’veevernoticeduneasinessinyourpuppyaroundanunwelcomehouseguest,youmightbeontosomething.Anewstudyfoundthatdogscanreallysensebadbehaviorinhumans,andarelesslikelytoaccepttreatsfromthosepeople.Forthestudy,whichwaspublishedintheJanuaryeditionofNeuroscience&biobehavioralReviews,researcherssetupasceneinwhichadogwatchedhisownertrytoopenacontainerwhiletwoactorswereonset.Inaseriesofthreetriesoneoftheactorswouldhelptheowneropenthecontainer,respondneutrally(中立地),orrefusetohelpopenthecontainer.Theotheractorrespondedpassivelyinallthreetries.Ateachendofthetry,bothactorswouldofferthedogatreatatthesametime.Inthetrieswheretheworkingactorhadrespondedeitherhelpfullyorneutrally,thedogwasequallylikelytoacceptatreatfromeitherofthetwoactors.Inthethirdtrywherehehadrespondedrudely,thedogwasmorelikelytochoosethepassiveactor.JamesAnderson,apsychologistwhoworkedonthestudyatKyotoUniversity,toldtheNewScientistthatthedogsmostlikelyhaveasimilarabilitytonoticebadbehaviorinhumansashumanbabiesdo.“Ifsomebodyisbehavingbadly,theyprobablyendupwithsomesortofemotionalreactiontoit,”hesays.Babieshavebeenshowntobegintomakethesetypesofconnectionsaroundageone.Sowhileyoucan’taskyourdog’sopinioneverytimeyou’refacingadifficultsituation,youcanconsiderhisjudgmentofyournewfriendswhenthinkingaboutwhethertheyarekindornot.Ofcourse,we’11suggestdoingsoaccordingtothesituationandyourownconsideration,butitwouldn’thurttotakenote!1、Whatdoesthenewstudymainlyshow?A.Dogscanreadhumans’thoughts.B.DogsareunwillingtoaccepttreatsfrompeopleC.Dogscansenseunfriendlinessofhumans.D.Dogsfeeluneasyaroundstrangepeople.2、Inthethirdtry,whywasthedogmorelikelytochoosethepassiveactor?A.Thedogwantedtopleasehim.B.Histreatsappearedmoreattractive.C.Hisactionstayedthesameduringthreetries.D.Thedogconsideredtheotheractorrude.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword”they”inParagraph3referto?A.Humans.B.Dogs.C.Babies.D.Psychologies.Text2OctobersixteenthisWorldFoodDay.ThisdayisalsotheanniversaryoftheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization(F.A.O.).TheUNagencyleadsinternationaleffortstodefeatworldhunger.Itwascreatedin1945.TheF.A.O.saysmorethanonehundredfiftycountriesaretoholdspecialeventstocelebrateWorldFoodDay.AtF.A.O.headquartersinRome,forexample,runnerswillcompeteinafive-kilometerracethroughthecity’shistoricalarea.Eventsinothercountriesincludediscussionsamongexperts,pressconferencesandmusicalprograms.Themessageofthisyear’sWorldFoodDayis“investinginagricultureforfoodsecurity”.TheF.A.O.says,“Duringtheearly1990s,theforeignaidforagriculturewasninethousandmilliondollarseachyear.Butnow,ithasdeclinedtolessthanfivethousandmilliondollarsayear.”Yet,theF.A.O.estimatesthatmorethaneighthundredandfiftymillionpeoplearoundtheworlddonotgetenoughfood.TheUNagencynotesthatseventypercentoftheworld’shungryliesinthefarmerswhogrowsmallamountoffood.Manyalsofaceproblemsoffeedingthemselves.TheF.A.O.saysagriculturalaidcouldhelpsmallfarmersmakeaprofitfromtheircrops.Farmerswouldalsobeabletofeedtheirfamiliesthroughouttheyearandre-investintheirfarms.Theycouldbuybetterseeds,equipmentandchemicalfertilizerstohelptheircropsgrow.MuhammadYunis.thewinneroftheNobelPeacePrizeforhiseffortstoimprovethelivesofpoorpeople,aswellashisBangladeshmicrofinanceorganization,theGrameenBank,haslentsmallamountofmoneytopoorpeoplewhoareunabletogettraditionalloans,especiallywomen.MinisterYunissaysthatheplanstogivehisshareoftheonemillionthreehundredthousanddollarsNobelawardtogoodcauses.Hesayshewantstoestablishaneyehospitalandstartaprojecttoproducelow-costfoodforthepoor.1、TocelebratetheWorldFoodDay,howmanykindsofactivitiesarementionedinthepassage?A.Two. B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.2、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.TheF.A.O.isestablishedtoinvestinagricultureforfoodsecurity.B.Theforeignaidforagriculturehasreducedbynearly50%inrecentdecades.C.TheGrameenBankhasprovidedlargeamountofloansforpoorfarmers.D.YuniswilldonatehisentireNobelawardtohelpsolvethehungerforthepoor.3、Withagriculturalaid,farmerscan_________________.A.promotetheproductionofcrops B.producelow-costfoodC.investmoneyinotherfields D.helptoimprovecropseeds4、Thewriterwrotethepassagemainlyto____________.A.giveanintroductionoftheF.A.O.B.informusofthesituationsoftheworldfoodC.appealformoreinvestmentonagricultureD.showhowtodealwiththeworld’shungerText3Woodhasmanygreatcharacteristicsthatmakeittheperfectbuildingmaterial.Itischeap,durable(耐用的),easilyavailable,andmostimportantly,environmentallysustainable.Theonethingitisnot,istransparent(透明的).NowthankstoateamofscientistsatStockholm'sKTHRoyalInstituteofTechnology,thematerialmayevenbeabletoaddthatfeaturetoitsalreadyimpressivelist.LeadresearcherDr.LarsBerglundsaidhewasinspiredtocreatethetransparentwoodafterlearninghowJapaneseresearchershaddevelopedasee-throughpaperforuseinflexibledisplayscreensforelectronicdevices.Theteambeganbypullingoutthewood'slignin(木质素).Thelignin-freewoodwasthendippedintoapolymer(聚合物)andbakedatatemperatureof158Fforfourhours.Theresultwasahybridproductthatwasnotonlystrongerandlighterthantheoriginalwoodbutalso,almosttransparent.Theresearcherswereabletoadjusttheleveloftransparencybyvaryingtheamountofthepolymerinjectedandalsobychangingthethicknessofthewood.Whilescientistshavepreviouslycreatedasee-throughwoodforsmall-scaleapplicationslikecomputerchips,hetransparentwoodisthefirstonebeingconsideredforlargescaleapplications.Theresearchers,whorevealedtheirfindingsinBiomacromoleculesonApril11,pictureusingthetransparentwoodinbuildingstoallowformorenaturallight,ortocreatewindowsthatletinthedesiredamountoflightwithoutsacrificingprivacy.Woodthatallowslighttopassthroughcouldleadtoabrighterfutureforhomesandbuildings.Berglundalsothinksthewoodcouldplayasignificantroleinthedesignofsolarpanels.Thesemi-transparentmaterialwouldbeabletokeeplightlongerandgiveitmoretimetointeractwiththeconductor,thusresultinginbettersolarefficiency.Additionally,substitutingthecurrentlyusedglasswiththisnewproductwouldhelpsolarenergymanufacturersimprovetheircarbonfootprintandlowerthecost.Theyarenowexperimentingwithwaystoscaleupthemanufacturingprocesssothatthetransparentmaterialiscost-effectivetomakeandeasytouse.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"thatfeature"inParagraph1referto?A.Cheapness. B.Durability. C.Sustainability. D.Transparency.2、Whichofthefollowingisnottheprocessinwhichthetransparentwoodismade?A.Dipthewoodintoapolymer.B.Reducetheamountofthepolymer.C.Makethewoodlignin-free.D.Bakethewoodforsometime.3、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A.Berglundgottheideaoftransparentwoodwhilemakingpaper.B.Varyingtheamountofthepolymerchangesthewood'shardness.C.Thecostofmakingthetransparentwoodstillneedstobecutdown.D.Thetransparentwoodwouldbeusedonlyforhomesandbuildings.4、Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thebrightfutureofthetransparentwood.B.Thewood'sroleinthedesignofsolarpanels.C.Thedisadvantagesofthecurrentlyusedglass.D.Solarenergymanufacturers'carbonfootprint.Text4Thatthesuccessofhumansasaspeciesdependstoalargeextentonourabilitytocooperateingroupsiswidelybelieved.Muchmoresothananyotheranimal,peopleareabletocoordinateandjointheirforcesandactionstoproducemutualbenefits.NewresearchinvolvingDrMolleman,anexpertattheUniversityofNottingham,suggeststhatsuccessfulcooperationingroupsdependsonhowpeoplegatherinformationabouttheirpeers,andhowtheybasetheircooperativedecisionsonit.Biologistswonderhowcooperationcouldhavedevelopedbynaturalselection:itispuzzlinghowcooperationcanbebeneficialwhenitispossibletobehaveselfishlyandtakeadvantageofthecooperativeeffortsofyourgroup.Psychologistsandeconomiststryhardtounderstandwhymanypeoplearewillingtosacrificetheirownwelfaretobenefittheirsocialenvironment.Theyaskedquestionslike“Howdopeoplemakedecisionswhentheiractionscanaffectthewelfareofothers?”“Howpeopledeterminetheirbehaviorwhentheyhavetocooperateingroups?”.DrPieterVanDenBergfromtheUniversityofGroningensaid,“Frompreviousresearchweknowthatsomepeopleare‘majority-oriented(以……为中心)’andtendtolookatthebehaviorofthemajorityintheirgroup,whereasothersare‘success-oriented’andtrytofindoutwhatkindofbehaviorpaysoffbestforthemselves.”DrMolleman,fromthecenteroftheDecisionResearchandExperimentalEconomics,said,“Itturnsoutthatbehavioringroupsofsuccess-orientedpeoplewasmuchmoreselfishthanitingroupsofmajority-orientedpeople.Asaconsequence,thepeopleinthemajority-orientedgroupstendedtocammoremoneyintheexperimentsincetheycooperatedmore.”1、Comparedwithotheranimals,humanbeingsarecapableof________.A.communicatingwellwithothers B.workingtogetherwitheachotherC.survivingsomenaturaldisasters D.gettingaccesstovariousinformation2、Whatarethepsychologistsandeconomistsmostinterestedin?A.Whetherpeople’spersonaleffortswillpayoffeventually.B.Howcooperationhasdevelopedoveralonglimenaturally.C.Whypeopleoffertoaffectthosearoundthemunselfishly.D.Whatbenefitthatgoodcooperationcanbringimmediately.3、Wecaninferthatthesuccess-orientedpeople________.A.arecarefultoselectagrouptojoinB.arelikelytobesuccessfulinthefutureC.paymoreattentiontotheresultoftheireffortD.havesomeskillsincollectingusefulinformation4、Whatisthenewfindingoftheresearch?A.Havinggoodrelationshipgetsustolivefullestlife.B.Focusingonindividualsuccessmakespeopleselfish.C.Beingconsideratecanensureourlong-termbenefit.D.Masteringsocialskillshelpcreateharmonioussociety.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)“Equalpayforequalwork”isaphrasebytheAmericanwomenwhofeeltheyare1.(fair)treatedbysocietyTheythinkitisnotrightforwomentobepaidlessthanmenforthe2.amountofworkSomepeoplesaynunhavemoredutiesthanwomenAmarriedmanhastoearnmoneytosupporthisfamilyandmakeimportant3.(decide),soitisrightforthemtobepaidmoreSomeareevenagainstmarriedwomen4.(work)atallWhenwivesgoouttowork,theysay,thehomeandchildren5.(give)noattentiontoIfwomenareencouragedbyequalpaytotakeupjobs,theywillnot6.(able)todothethingsthattheyarebestatdoing:makinganicehomeandbringing7.childrenWomenwhodisagreesaythattheywanttoescapefromthelimitedplacewhichsocietywishesthemtofillandhave8.freedomtochoosebetweenajobandhomelife,9.amixtureofthetwoInfactwomenhavetherightnotonly10.equalpaybutalsotoequalchancesIt’soneofthe1.(great)novelsinworldliteratureFirstpublishedin1791,ADreamofRedMansions,also2.(know)asTheStoryoftheStone,istoChinesepeopleasWilliamShakespeare’sfamousplaysaretowesternersThenovel,3.reflectsthehistoryoftheQingDynasty,followstheriseandfallofthenobleJiafamilyOriginally,thefamilyseems4.(be)wealthyandpowerful,thanksinparttoitscloserelationshipswiththeroyalfamilyYet,theheirtothefamily,JiaBaoyu,enjoys5.(live)apure,carefreelife,havingnointerest6.politicsatallExpectedtopairwithXueBaochai,Jia7.(stay)gluedtohisdelicatelybrilliantcousin,LinDaiyuAstheloversheadtowardatragicend,thefamilyfallsonhardtimes,fadingawayeventuallyThe8.(appreciate)oftheclassicnovelissurelybothapleasanttreatandabittersomechallengeAsalways,thenovelhasexperiencedvariousadaptationsMakingthedetailed120-chapternovelintojustseveralhoursis9.(absolute)nopieceofcake“Still,choiceshavetobemade,”theopera’sstagedirectorStanLaiconcluded“Foreveryoneelse,thechallengeistomakeit10.excellentopera”SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Makingalifestylechangeischallenging,especiallywhenyouwanttotransformmanythingsatonce.Herearesometipstohelpyou:■Makeaplanthatyoucanstickto.Yourplanisamapthatwillguideyouonthisjourneyofchange.1、Whenmakingyourplan,bespecific.Wanttoexercisemore?Detailthetimeofdaywhenyoucantakewalksandhowlongyou’llwalk.Postyourplanwhereyou’llmostoftenseeitasareminder.■Startsmall.Breakdownyourgoalsintosmall.Breakdownyourgoalsintosmall,manageablesteps.Isyourlong-termgoaltolose20poundswithinthenextfivemonths?2、Ifyou’dliketoeathealthier,consideragoalfortheweekreplacingdessertwithahealthieroption,likefruitoryogurt.Attheendoftheweek,you’llweeksuccessfulknowingyouhavemetyourgoal.■Changeonebehavioratatime.Replacingunhealthybehaviorswithhealthyonesrequirestime.3、Toimproveyoursuccess,focusononegoalorchangeatatime.Asnewhealthybehaviorsbecomeahabit,trytoaddanothergoalthatworkstowardtimeoverallchange.■4、Acceptinghelpfromthosewhocareaboutyouandwilllistenstrengthensyourcommitment.Ifyoufeelunabletomeetyourgoalsonyourown,considerseekinghelpfromapsychologist.Psychologistsareuniquelytrainedtounderstandtheconnectionbetweenthemindandbody,aswellasthefactorsthatpromotebehaviorchange.■Makingthechangesthatyouwanttakestimeandcommitment,butyoucandoit.Justrememberthatnooneisperfect.Minormisstepsontheroadtoyourgoalsarenormalandokay.5、A.Bekindtoyourself.B.Askforsupport.C.Bedeterminedtorecoverandgetbackontrack.D.Youcaneventhinkofitasanadventure.E.Agoodweeklygoalwouldbetoloseonepoundaweek.F.You'vetriedbefore,butwithoutfeelingmuchsuccess.G.Manypeoplerunintoproblemswhentheytrytochangetoomuchtoofast.TipsforStayingSharpIt’snotabnormaltofeeloutofitfromtimetotimeorperhapsyou’refeelingabitsluggish(迟钝的)whenitcomestorememberingthings.Ifyou’rewo
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