论《摆渡人》中人性的救赎与温暖On the Redemption and Warmth of Human Nature in The Ferryman

OntheRedemptionandWarmthofHumanNatureinTheFerryman摘要：英国文坛著名实力作家克莱儿·麦克福尔撰写的《摆渡人》，是一部震撼千万读者灵魂的心灵治愈小说，更是一部灵魂拯救与人性救赎的伟大之作。该书出版发行后一举摘得五项世界文学大奖，版权销售至三十多个国家。这部小说有着出其不意的情节架构，饱含感人至深的真情，讲述了史诗般动人的温情故事，寄寓了发人深思的哲理思考。本文对《摆渡人》中人性的救赎与温暖进行了分析。关键词：《摆渡人》；人性；救赎；温暖Abstract:"TheFerryman"writtenbythefamousandpowerfulBritishliterarywriterClaireMcFallisasoul-healingnovelthatshockedthesoulsofmillionsofreaders,anditisalsoagreatworkofsoulsalvationandhumansalvation.Afterthebookwaspublished,itwonfiveworldliteraryawardsinonefellswoop,andthecopyrighthasbeensoldtomorethan30countries.Thisnovelhasanunexpectedplotstructure,fulloftouchingtruefeelings,tellsanepicandmovingwarmthstory,andembodiesthought-provokingphilosophicalthinking.Thisarticleanalyzesthesalvationandwarmthofhumannaturein"TheFerryman".Keywords:"TheFerryman";Humanity;Redemption;WarmthContentsTOC\o"1-2"\h\u782Chapter1Introduction Chapter1Introduction1.1Researchbackground"TheFerryman"seriesistheclassicworkofBritishmodernfemalewriterClaireMcFall.Therearetwoworksintotal,amongwhich"TheFerryman"causedahugesensationonceitcameoutbecauseofitsprofoundandrichthemeandingeniousartisticconception.Itisregardedasasoul-healingnovelthatmakesthereader'ssoultremble.In"TheFerryman",ClaireMcFallpraisedpureandselflesslove,praisedsincerefriendship,andatthesametimeexpressedpeople'saffectionatecallforfamilyaffectionandthebravepursuitoffreedom.TheauthorhasportrayedDylanandTristanwithtwodistinctivecharacters,showingthebeautyofhumannatureinthem,andconstructingawarmpalaceofhumannatureforreaders.1.2ThepurposeandsignificanceoftheresearchThenoveltellsthestoryofasingle-parentgirlDylanlookingforwardtovisitherfathershehasnotmetforalongtime,butsheunexpectedlysuffersatrainaccidentanddiedunexpectedly.HersoulmeetsherferrymanTristanonthewastelandandfallsinlovewithher.UndertheguidanceofTristan,thetwowentthroughhardships,successfullypassedthroughthewasteland,andfinallyreturnedtotheworld.TheauthornotonlytellsreadersthetwistsandturnsofthelovestorybetweenDylanandTristan,butalsopresentstheconstantfamilylovebetweenDylanandhisparents,andtheopen-heartedgirlfriendlovebetweenDylanandhisparents.Theresearchpurposeofthisarticleistointerpretthesalvationandwarmthofhumannaturein"TheFerryman"fromtheaspectsoflove,familyaffectionandfriendship,andtohaveadeeperinterpretationofthetwoworks,whichhasanimportantguideforotherreaderstointerpretthework.significance.Chapter2LiteratureReview2.1ResearchstatusShaoQian(2017)pointedoutthatinthenovelClaireMcFallgave"TheFerryman"manysymbolicmeanings.Dylan'shumanbeauty,Tristan'ssoulguide,schoolandwastelandrules,etc.,allcontainSymbolic.Itdiscussesakindofcourageandbeliefthatislackinginmodernsociety.Inreallife,theseideasneedtobeinjectedwithnewvitality.JustlikeDylan,hebroketherulesofthewastelandwithlove,beliefandcourage,andthusfeltthewarmthoflove.LiuGuijie(2019)explainsinthearticleBeyondtheRedemption:McFair’sMultipleSpaceNarrativein"TheFerryman"thattheupsanddownsoftheplotexperiencebetweentheprotagonistDylanandTristanisfullofhumanmonologuesandcantriggerlifethinking.TherearealsomanycommentsonFerrymanfromtheinfluentialnewspapersandwebsitesinsociety.TakeBritishGuardianasanexample.Itcommentsthat―Ferrymanisagreatliteraturewhichteachesyouhowtoloveyourlife.Ferrymancontainstotallyunexpectedscenarioandessenceoflife.Inaddition,thisliteratureisacomplexofThirty-nineStepsandLordoftheRings.Donotignoreeveryunexpectedmomentinyourlife.Whenyouareatthatmoment,yourFerrymanmaytellyousomemeaningfulsenseoflife.Theexistingstudieshavemostlyinterpretedthethemeofsalvationfromtheperspectiveofspiritualhealing.Ifthefieldofvisionexpandsfromthenarrativeontologytotheauthor’simplicitstructure,thinkingabouttheinterweavingandbalanceofthemeandimplication,onecanlookatthemythologicalspaceunderthearchetype,thespiritualspaceinthepursuitofemotion,thedoublespaceinthelevelofsalvation,andthesocietyinthecurrentcontext.Interpretationofthespaceandanalysisofthealternativeaestheticsofthenovel,soastobettergraspthereasonsforthepopularityof"TheFerryman"inChina.2.2ClaireMcFallandFerrymanClaireMcFall,borninScotlandin1982,isahigh-profilemodernfemalewriterandEnglishteacherwholivesandworksintheScottishBorders.Shehascreatedaseriesofnovelsaboutthegrowthofadolescents.Hernovelstakestraightforwardromanticnarrativesandhurlthemintounusualandextremesettings,blurringacceptedgenreboundariesandcreatingnewsub-genresofherown.Shethenchartshercharacters‘reactionstotheseunfamiliarsituationsandthenewandconfusingfeelingsthatbesettheminahyper-real,engaging,deeplypoignantandliterarymanner.Claire‘sfirstnovel,Ferryman,waspublishedin2013.FerrymanisastorythatdrawsfromtheancientGreekmythofCharon,theFerrymanofHadeswhotransportedsoulstotheUnderworld.Dylan,a15-year-oldteenager,isonatrain,headingnorthfromGlasgowtofinallymeetthefatherthatshehasn‘tseenforoveradecade.Butthetraincrashesinthemiddleofthecountrysidefullofhills.WhenDylanemergesfromthewreckageinthedarktunnel,sheisterrifiedandcan‘tworkoutwhytherearenorescueworkersonhandtohelpher.Shethinksthatsheistheonlyonetosurvive,buttherealityisthatsheistheonlyonetohavedied.WhenshefinallystumblesoutofthetunnelshefindsherselfcompletelyaloneonaScottishhillside.ThatwasuntilshespotsTristan,ateenageboywhoseemstobewaitingforher.TristanisherFerrymanwhoguidessoulsacrossthewastelandswithoutbeingdraggedunderbythewraithsinttheunknownafterlife.Astheyembarkontheterrifying,wraith-infestedjourney,DylanfindsherselffallinginlovewithherFerryman,Tristan.Whentheyreachtheotherside,TristanpromisestocrossoverwithDylan,butwhenDylanstepsacrossthethresholdandturnsback,heisnotthere.ConfrontedwithlifewithoutTristan,Dylandeterminestofindhimregardlessofhowdangerousthewastelandis.Chapter3TheMetamorphosisoftheSoulinFerryman3.1HoleintheSoulTheheroineofthenovel,Dylan,grewupinaworldwhereshewasindifferentandincompatible.Herpeerswerealwaysnoisyandboring.Adultscouldalsogiveorderstoheratwill.SinceheronlyfriendKatietransferredtoschool,shehasbeeninthisplace.Theschoolbecamemorelonely,andshedidn'twanttomixwiththosevulgarpeople.Infamilylife,Dylanhasneverfelttheloveofherfathersinceshewasborn.Herparentsbrokeupearly,herfatherleftalone,andhermother,Joan,wastoobusywithherlivelihoodtocareforher.Asafifteen-year-oldgirl,Dylan'sworldislikearuthlessnetwithdenseandpowerfulwiresthattightlybindhersoul.Sheisaloneandhelpless,tiredandhatedbythesecommandsandridicule.Anyendbecomesanendonlyinrelationtothewill...Becominganendmeansbecomingtheobjectofthedesire,andthewilltotransformtheobjectintohumanlifeisgoallessandendless,sopeoplearelikeclockmachines,justlikeclockwork.Gowithoutknowingwhattogofor.Dylan'slifeseemstobelikethisatthemoment,sheislikeaflatboat,wanderingaimlesslyintheroughsea.Sheliveswell,buthersoullifeispale,emptyandfragile.InFerryman,ClaireMcFallmakesfulluseoftheroleofTristantopointoutthatwastelandislocatedinthemiddlepositionbetweenthetwoworlds,andposthumoussoulmustgothroughit.However,thewastelandistheworldDylancreatesinhermind.Inwasteland,shecandiscoverthetruththatshehasbeendead,andacceptitunwillingly.Thescantofthewasteland:Thehorizonwasringedwithlarge,imposinghills.Low-slungcloudsblurredtheiredgesastheyskimmedthehighestpeaks.Itwasamutedpaletteofcolors,purpleheatherfightingforspaceamonggreatswathesofbrownbracken.Smallcopsesoftreesgrewinirregularpatternsonthelowergradientofhillsdark-huedwithevergreenpines.Theslopesclosertothetunnelweregentler,undulatingmoundscoatedwithlonggrass.Therewasnotatownoraroadinsight,notevenanisolatedfarmhouse.ThewastelandisfulloffrustrationandhardshipsandthedemonsandshadowwillappeararoundDylaninthewastelandatanytime.Inthenovel,Dylangoesthroughthenumbnessandindifferencefromthesocietywhichshowsthestateofpeople'sdesolationthroughoutthetimebeforeherdeath.However,whenDylangoesintothewastelandafterherdeath,sheissubjectedtophysicalandmentaltorture.3.2SalvationoftheSoulWhenTristanappearedinfrontofanysoultobeferryedbyhim,heappearedwithafacethatthesoulliked.Inaddition,hehaskeeninsightandcanseethroughthethoughtsofthesoul.Bothofthesecharacteristicshelphimleadthesoulthroughthewasteland.WhenDylanfoundTristaninthedesertedwilderness,notonlydidsheseehope,butshealsofeltlessworried.Atthistime,healsosawthefearinDylan'sheart,afraidofbeingaloneinthewastelandatdark,thiswasenoughtomakehimveryconfidentthatDylanwouldobeyandfollowhim.Onthewaythroughthewasteland,evenwhenTristantoldDylanthatheknewhowtogoorwheretogo,sheinsistedmanytimesthattheyshouldstayatthesceneoftheaccidentandwaitforthepolicetorescuethem.Inaddition,Dylanalsobelievedthatshemusthavegoneinthewrongdirection,becauseshebelievedthatthefirefighters,policeandothersmustbeattheotherendofthetunnel.ItcanbeseenfromDylanstoppingseveraltimestosuggesttoTristanthatDylanisanindependentandthoughtfulgirl.However,forasoulferryman,thiskindofsoulismoredifficulttoferry.However,Tristanwasabletoleadhertorealizethatherthoughtswerewrong,andgraduallymadeherrecognizehertruesituation,andfranklyacceptthefactthatshewastheonlyvictiminthetrainaccident.ItalsomadeherstopresistingHegoesOntheway,TristantoldDylanthatherbodyonthewastelandwasaprojectionofhermind.IfDylanishappyanddeterminedinhisheart,therewillbeblueskyandwhitecloudsinthesky.IfDylanisangry,thewastelandwillbecoveredwithclouds,violentwinds,anddark,etc.;ifDylan'sheartisgloomier,thenightwillbedarker.However,therearedemonsinthewasteland.Theyliketocatchpuresouls.Thesoulscaughtwillbecomedemonsandneverreachthe"home"heaven.Inaddition,demonsaremoreactiveinthedark.WhenDylanunderstoodthisrule,hetriedhisbesttosethismind,controlhismood,andmaketheweatherandterrainofthewastelandbettersothathecouldreacheachsafehousesafely.Inthisway,duringthedaytheydrovethroughthewoodsandbushes,climbingoverthemountains,fightingthedemonsbravely,andundertheprotectionofTristanagainandagain,Dylanreturnedto"home".Duringthisjourney,TristanferryedDylanthroughthewastelandsafely,leadinghertoovercomeallkindsofdifficultiesandobstaclestimeandtimeagain,bravelyfightingthedemons,anddesperatelyguardinghersoulwithoutturninghersoulintoanevilspirit.ItcanbeseenthatTristanferryDylanacrossthewastelandandleadherto"home"tocompletehismissionasaferryman.Thisisthesalvationofthesoul.3.3RebirthoftheSoulTristangainshumanityaffirmationundertheguidanceofDylan.Tristanisperplexed.Fordecades,maybeevencenturies,itwashardtoaccuratelycountthepassageoftimeinthewasteland.Hehasprotectedandguidedsoulsastheymadethejourney.Inthebeginninghehadtakentheroletoheartinawaythathadprovedimpossibletosustain.Hehadcaredforeachone,listenedtotheirstoriesandtriedtocomfortthemoverthelossoftheirlivesandfuturesandthepainofleavingthosetheylovedbehind.Eachsoulthatwavedgoodbyeattheendofthejourneyhadtakenasmallpieceofhimwiththem,tornoffatinypieceofhisheart.Afterawhile,hehadhardened.Henolongerreachedouttothem,andsotheycouldnotgetinsidehim.Inthepastfewyears,guidingsoulshadbeenlittlemorethanachore.Hehadspokenaslittleaspossible,andattemptedtohidethetruthforaslongaspossible.Hehadbeenacoldmachinewhoisnumbtodeath.However,DylanhassomehowmanagedtocauseTristan‘soldselftoresurface.Whenshehasuncoveredthetruthatanastonishinglyearlystage,andhasaccepteditwithmorematuritythanmanywhohadspentafulllifeonEarth.Dylantreatshimlikeaperson.Thatisararethinginthewasteland.Dylanisnotasselfishasothersouls.ShecaresaboutTristan.SheremindedTristanthathisappearanceandshapedoesnotreallymatter.Whatthemostimportantisthesoulinhisheart.InTristan‘smind,hethoughtthatallofthesoulsareonlyconcernedaboutwhethertheywillreachtheheavenornot.Tristandoesnotexpectthatanyonewouldstillcareabouthisinnerside.HeaskedDylan:“DoyouthinkIhaveasoul?”Dylanansweredquickly,buthonestly:“Ofcourseyoudo.”Tristanisstaggeredthatthisgirlwouldhavethecompassion,theselflessnesstothinkabouthisfeelingsandneeds.Soulsaretoowrappedupintheirowndemisetoevenentertainthethoughtthattheirguideisaperson.DylanisasoulworthprotectingandcaringaboutinTristan‘smind.Hewantstogiveapieceofhimselftothissoul.WhenhewaswithDylan,hefeltsomethinginsidehimwasstirring.Hewasn‘tsurewhatkindoffeelingitwas.Hehadneverexperiencedbefore.Afterallthehardships,TristanfinallysentDylantotheboundarylineontheothershore.Hehadtogobackandferrythenextsoul,eventhoughheknewthatDylanwasintearsbecauseoftheseparationaftertheboundaryline,shoutingloudlyforhisname.Butinthiscase,Dylan,evenifsheknewthatitwasagainsttherulesandthattherewaslittlehope,shechosetoabandoneverythingthatshehadandfindTristanagainthroughthosedifficultiesandobstacles.Ifthereisasecondlife,shewillneverleavetheoneshelovesandcherishthereallife.Becauseifthereisnolove,shewillhavenosoul,andallthiswillloseitscolor.Iwasamazedbythecourageofthisgirl,becausewhereandhowthisroadwillend,nooneknows,whogaveherthiscourage?IthinkitwasthelovethatDylanlongedforbefore,anditwasthebondoffatebetweenherandTristanthatledherforward.Whensheenteredthegateofhellandstoodonthebarrenlandagain,shedecidedtheplotofthestory:rebirth,everythingislikeanewlife.Onthejourneybackandforth,Dylanbecameresoluteandbrave,crossingthelake,escapingtheferociouspursuitofthedevil,andstayingaloneinthedilapidatedsafehouse,andfinallyshefoundTristan.TristanwassurprisedwhenheheardDylan'splan,hesitatedalltheway,butwasstillpersuadedbyDylan.Atthesametime,hisbodyhasalsoundergonewonderfulchanges.Originally,theferrymenwouldnotbehurtoremotional.Theirdutyistoextraditethesoultotheworldwheretheyshouldgo.ButintheprocessofferryingDylan,therewasemotionandthebodygradually.Tendtothehumanflesh,hisworldisfullofcolorsbecauseofDylan'sappearance,forgettingthelonelinessofthousandsofyears.Itcanbesaidthatthisistheprocessofmutualsalvationofsouls.Themaleandfemalemastersgiveeachotherthesameloveandbelief,andtheyaredependentonlifeanddeath.Chapter4TheHumanThemeofFerryman4.1Dylan'sFamilyandfriendshipDylan,theheroineinthenovel,isamiddleschoolstudent.Becauseshegrewupinabrokensingle-parentfamily,hercharacterisperverseandwithdrawn.ApartfromtheendlessquarrelsbetweenDylanandhismother,Joan,thetwoseemtohavenocommunicationatall.JoanalonesupportedtheburdenofraisingandeducatingDylan,butalsoworriedaboutDylaneverything.Yearsofhardworkmadeheryouthnolonger.ButthisworrydidnotgetDylan'sresponse,butitboredDylan.That'swhyDylantriedtobreakfreefromtheendlessquarrels.Shepluckedupthecouragetogotoanothercitytovisitherfather,whomshehadnevermet.Atthistime,thefatherontheothersideofthephonewasalsoeagertoknowhersituation.Shewasveryhappyandthoughtthatherfatherwouldbehermostreliablepersontotalkto.Atthebeginningofthestory,Dylan’sgoodfriendKatieismentioned.Theymetinelementaryschoolandaccompaniedeachotherallthewaytomiddleschool.Thetwowereintimate.Theyhavesimilarpersonalities,commonpreferences,andtheirsecretthoughts.Theydon’twanttogetalongwiththoseclassmateswhocancausedamageandgetdrunk,andtheydon’tbothertochaseyouthdramas,talkabouttanning,andtheydon’ttalkaboutinexhaustiblepopmusicandfascinatedbysomeoneinsportswearlikeothergirls.prodigalson.Theycleanthemselvesandstayawayfromthemob.Twogirlswithverysimilarfamilyenvironmentscametogetherbecauseofsomethingincommonwitheachother.Thefriendshipbetweenthemistherealspiritualpower,andClaireMcFalldidnotspendtoomuchtimeondescribingit.Dylan’sgoodfriendKatiedidnotusetoomanydetailstocarefullyportraythedeepfriendshipbetweenDylanandKatie.Thereisnoportrait,actionandpsychologicaldescriptionofKatieinthenovel,butonlyfromthislessthanonepage,theKatieinourheartshasalreadybeenonpaper.Twogirlswithsimilarfatehavecometogether.Theyareboththemselvesineachother'seyes,andtheyarealsotrustedpartnersandtalkers.4.2DylanandTristanLoveisaclassicthemethatneverfadesinnovels.ThefascinatinglovestorybetweenDylanandTristanisundoubtedlythemostbreathtakingthemeof"TheFerryman".ThenoveluseshisfatherJamesMiller,whomhehasnotseenintenyears,asaclue.Dylanembarksonthetraintofindhisfathernervouslyandexcitedly.Whowouldhavethoughtthatthetrainonwhichhewasridingsufferedacaraccidentinthetunnel,andDylanescapedfromthedead.,MetTristan,theferryman,andledhertobravelycrossthewastelandandsuccessfullyreachanotherworld-paradise.Beforecrossingthewasteland,Dylanwasjustasimple,kind,lonelyandtimid,shygirlyearningforbeautifullove;beforetheencounter,Tristanwasacold,numb,unremarkableferryman,repeatingthesameferrymission.Intheprocessoftraversingthewasteland,DylanandTristanexperiencedsixdifferentscenestogether,onemorethrillingonetime,Dylanbecamemorebraveandstrong,Tristanbegantobecometender,andthebeautifullovesproutedintheirhearts.inside.Aftersuccessfullytraversingthewasteland,Dylanwasluckyenoughtoreachanotherworld.Thisisaplaceregardedas"home"byeveryone.Itispureandwhite,andeveryoneissmiling."Finally,Joan,father,andKatie,theyWillcrossthewastelandandmeether",ifthestoryendsinthisway,whataperfectandhappyending.ForDylan,however,Tristanwasnotthereandeverythingwasmeaningless.ThepoweroflovemadeDylanplantochangetherulesofthegame.Shemustereduphercourageanddeterminedtoreturntothehotfuchsiawasteland,lookingforTristanbyherself,andtakinghimbacktotheworldwithhim.Dylan,aweakhighschoolgirlbravelycrossedthewasteland,contendedwiththedevil,gainedlove,andtransformedintoastrongandfearlessferrymanofTristan.Evenifhersoulisscattered,shemustfirmlyandpersistentlyleadTristantotheworld.Tristan'sferrywasextraordinarythistime.InordertosavehisbelovedDylan,hewasattackedbeyondrecognitionbythedevil,evenifthewoundhealingabilitygraduallydisappeared,justtolethisloverreachheavensmoothly.4.3YearningforFreedomThepursuitoffreedomisanotherimportantcontentofthehumannaturethemeofthenovel"TheFerryman",whichisfullyreflectedintheheroTristan.Asaferryman,Tristanobeyedtheestablishedrulesofthewastelandandferryedcountlesssoulsintensofthousandsofyears.Heexistsonlytoferrythesoul,withoutfeelings,indifferentandnumb,walkingaloneinthevastriveroftime.However,Dylan'sappearancegavehimtheabilitytolove.WhenDylansaidthathewantedhimtotravelwithhimselftotheworldshelivedinbefore,Tristan,whowasmind-set,wasfullofdoubtsaboutit.Becauseheunderstandstheinherentrulesofthewasteland,agreeingtoDylanmeansthatheisabouttobreaktheinherentrulesofthewastelandandentertheunknownworld,butheisnotsureinhisheart.Inaddition,healwaysbelievedthathedidnotbelongtohim,andhecouldnotdothingscontrarytothecommonsenseofthewasteland,otherwisehewouldbepunished.However,underDylan'srepeatedpersuasionandpersistentencouragement,forthesakeoflove,hefinallyagreedtotrytotraveltotheworldwithher.Onthewayfromthewastelandtotheworld,hefeltuneasybecauseofhisviolationoftherulesofthewastelandwithoutbeingpunished,andworriedabouthisjourney.However,withDylan'sreliefandpersuasionalongtheway,hegraduallybecamedeterminedtocrosstheworld.Confidence.Inaddition,helovedDylandeeplyandwaswillingtofollowDylan'sarrangementsfortheirfuture.Intheend,undertheirjointefforts,Dylansuccessfullyledhimthroughtheworld.Onthesurface,Tristanseemstohavebeenwaitinginthewastelandtoferryothers.Infact,hewasalsowaitingforhisownferry.Therefore,inthiscrossing,DylanisTristan'sferryman.ItwasDylan’sunwillingcharacter,extraordinarycourage,persistentbelief,andthepoweroflovethatledhertosuccessfullyleadTristantogetridoftheinherentshacklesofthewastelandandtheshacklesofTristan’sideology,andguidehimoutofthewastelandbravely.,Extraditedhimtoabrandnewworldandmadehimarealperson.WithDylan'sencouragement,hebravelywalkedoutofthewasteland,jumpedoutoftheestablishedrulesoffate,andpursuedloveandfreedom.ItisnotdifficulttoseefromthenovelthatTristan’sbravepursuitoffreedomhasbeenhighlyaffirmedbytheauthor.4.4RedemptionandWarmthofHumanityThroughtheobservationsandfeelingsofthetwoheroesandheroines,DylanandTristan,thenoveldepictstheworld'slongingforultimatehappinesssuchasfamilyaffection,friendshipandlove.Dylan,a15-year-oldsingle-parentgirl,facedamessyworldthatwasteasedbyherclassmates,ignoredbyhermother,andabandonedbyherfriends.Shewasinpainanddespair.Shehadawhimanddecidedtofindherfathershehadn'tmetforalongtime.However,therewasamajorcaraccidentonthewaytofindhisfather.Dylanwasterrifiedofclimbingoutofthetrainandfoundthathewastheonlysurvivoroftheaccident.Shewasruthlesslyabandonedinawastelandoflifeanddeath.Inthisuncontrollableplace,shesuddenlydiscoveredTristan,thelifeferrymaninthedark.Fromthemomenttheymet,everythingthatwasunpredictablewaschanging.Thetwosupportedeachotherallthewaytoresistallkindsofdemonsthatattackedthem,andpassedthroughtheextremelydangerouswasteland.TheappearanceofthemysteriousboycompletelybrokeDylan’sboringandpeacefullife.Afterexperiencingathrillingchoice,theybroketheboundaryoflifeanddeath,andfinallyunderstoodthetruemeaningoflove,andfoundtheultimatedestinationofthesoulforthemselves.Intherealworld.Whencrossingthewasteland,TristanwasDylan'sferryman;however,whenhereturnedtothewasteland,DylanbecameTristan'sferryman.Thepowerofloveisgreat,andtrueloveintheworldishard-won,especiallythislovethatcrossesthecycleoflife.Infrontoftruelove,Dylanbecamemoreandmorecourageous,andTristanbecamemoreandmorehumane.Asoneofthemostimportantemotionsinhumannature-friendship,theauthorattachesgreatimportancetoit.Intheunfortunatelifelackingfamilyaffection,sincerefriendshipwillbecomeakindoffirethatwarmspeople'scoldandbrokenhearts.Itwillignitepeople'shopeforabetterlifeandencouragepeopletomakeunremittingeffortsandpursuitsforit.Chapter5ArtisticFeaturesinFerryman5.1DeepeningeffectofsymbolicImageWastelandisanimagethatappearsrepeatedlyinthenovelandrunsthroughtheentirework,anditisalsoaliteraryimagewithtypicalcharacteristicsinthehistoryofWesternliterature.DifferentfromthewastelanddescribedinEliot’spoems,thewastelandinthenovelisanintermediateworldbetweenthehumanworldandthehabitatofthesoul.Afterdeath,thesoulmustcrossthewastelandtoreachthehabitatofthesoul,andthisintermediateworldisThesoulimaginedandcreateditbyitself.Inthiscase,theworldhasestablishedrules,sothewastelandnaturallyalsohastherulesofthewasteland.Tristanisaferryman,heisneitherhumannorsoul.Hewalkedtirelesslyonthewastelandalldaylong,justtocompletehistaskasasoulferryman.Thereareviolentwindsandheavyrainsonthewasteland.Thisisthesameashumansociety,weareinthehumanworld,feelingthenaturalchangesincoldandwarm,andatthesametime,eachofusisworkinghardforourgoalsandideals.Theonlydifferenceisthatashumans,wearepassionateintheprocessoffightingforourgoals,whileTristan,asaferryman,haslongbecomeindifferentandnumbinhisferrycareerfortensofthousandsofyears.However,aftermeetingDylan,hegraduallychangedfromindifferencetowarmth,possessingthesameemotionsashumans.Hebegantobravelypursuefreedom,andunderDylan'sencouragement,hedecidedtoleavethewastelandandreturnedtotheworldwithDylanafterovercomingmanydifficulties.Thewastelandisasymbolofthehumanlivingenvironment.Inthislivingenvironment,thesoulisnotallsmoothsailing,andalwaysencountersdifficultiesandupsanddowns.Then,thedevil,asoneofthemostimportantimagesinthenovel,hasitsmeaning.Thedemonsinthenovelarefierceandbloody,andtheyalwayssneakattack