高考英语语法复习：连词(讲解+练习)

高考英语语法复习：连词(讲解+练习)高考英语语法复习：连词(讲解+练习)/高考英语语法复习：连词(讲解+练习)语法：连词 Linkwords连词是虚词，不可以在句中独自担当成分，只起连结作用。按其用法，连词可分为两大类：并列连词(CoordinateConjunctions) 和附属连词(SubordinateConjunctions) 。一．并列连词：连结拥有并列关系的词、短语或句子。1. 并列关系：and,notonly butalso ,both and ,neither norIusedtoliveinParisandLondon.BothJaneandJimareinterestedinfishing.Theweatherhereisneithertoocoldnortoohot.Sheisnotonlykindbutalsohonest.2. 转折关系：but,yet,while( 但是),when( 但是，恰恰)Thecarisveryoldbutitrunsveryfast.Theproblemwasalittlehard,yetIwasabletoworkitout.ThewinterinBeijingisverycoldwhilethatofKunmingiswarm.Whydidyouborrowthebookwhenyouhadone3. 选择关系：or,not but ,either or ,WouldyouliketoliveorwouldyouliketostayHeisnotateacherbutawriter.YoucancomeeitheronSaturdayoronSunday.因果关系：forItmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetnow.Theleavesofthetreesarefalling,forit ’salreadyautumn.差别1）and和or并列构造中，or往常用于否认句，and用于必定句。但有时and也可用于否认句。请注意其不一样特色：

Thereisnoairorwaterinthemoon.Thereisnoairandnowateronthemoon.在否认中并列构造用 or 连结，但含有两个否认词的句子实质被看作是必定构造，所以要用 and。典型例题Idon ’tlikechicken___fish. Idon ’tlikechicken,___Ilikefishverymuch.A.and ；and B.and ；but C.or；but D.or；and答案C。否认句中表并列用 or,but 表转折。判断改错：( 错)Wewilldiewithoutairandwater.( 错)Wecan’tlivewithoutairorwater.( 对)Wewilldiewithoutairorwater.( 对)Wecan’tlivewithoutairandwater.(2) 表示选择的并列构造1)or 意思为"不然"。Imustworkhard,orI ’llfailintheexam.eitheror意思为"或许或许"。注意谓语动词采纳就近原则。EitheryouorIamright.表示转折或对照but表示转折，while表示对照。Somepeoplelovecats,whileothershatethem.典型例题Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight I’dliketo,___I ’mtoobusy.A.and B.so C.as D.but答案D。but与前方形成转折，切合语意。而表并列的 and，结果的so，原由的as都不切合句意。notbut意思为"不是而是"not和but后边的用词要按照一致原则。Theywerenotthebonesofananimal,but(thebones)ofahumanbeing.表原由关系for判断改错：( 错)Forheisill,heisabsenttoday.(对)Heisabsenttoday,forheisill.for 是并列连词，不可以置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只好将其放在两个分句中间。2)so,thereforeHehurthisleg,sohecouldn ’tplayinthegame.注意：a. 两个并列连词不可以连用，但 therefore,then,yet. 能够和并列连词连用。YoucanwatchTV,and/oryoucangotobed.Hehurthisleg,andso/andthereforehecouldn ’tplayinthegame.b.although yet，但although 不与but 连用。( 错) Althoughhewasweak,buthetriedhisbesttodothework..( 对) Althoughhewasweak,yethetriedhisbesttodothework.注意：notonly butalso 关系两个分句时，一个分句因有否认词 not 而一定倒装。Notonlydoeshelikereadingstories,butalsohecanevenwritesome.neither nor 意思为"既不也不 "谓语动词采纳就近原则，与 nor后的词保持一致。比较so和such其规律由 so与such的不一样词性决定。 such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组， so是副词，只好修饰形容词或副词。 so还可与表示数目的形容词 many，few，much，little 连用，形成固定搭配。so+adj. such+a(n)+n.so+adj.+a(n)+n. such+n.(pl.)so+adj.+n.(pl.) such+n.(pl.)so+adj.+n.[ 不可以数] such+n.[ 不可以数]

sofoolish suchafoolsoniceaflower suchaniceflowersomany/fewflowers suchniceflowerssomuch/littlemoney. suchrapidprogresssomanypeople suchalotofpeoplesomany已成固定搭配， alotof 虽相当于many，但alotof 为名词性的，只好用 such搭配。so that 与such that 之间的变换即为 so与such之间的变换。二．附属连词：指在复合句中指引从句的连结词。常有的附属连词有：指引时间状语从句的： after,before,when,as,while,since,until,till,assoonas指引原由状语从句的： because,since,as指引退步状语从句的： although,though,nomatter （不论）,evenif(though)指引条件状语从句的： if,unless,once,as(so)longas指引结果状语从句的： so,sothat, so that ,such that指引目的状语从句的： so, sothat ,inorderthat指引比较状语从句的：as as ,notso(as) ,as,than指引方式状语从句的： as, asif ,asthough指引地址状语从句的： where，wherever指引名词性从句（主语，宾语、表语或同位语从句）的连词主要有： that, whether, if三个。此中 that 和whether间或还能够惹起同位从句和状语从句。（一）某些用法比较特别的附属连词用法差别1、当while,when,as 指引时间状语从句时的差别：①while 指引的状语从句中动词一定是持续性。谓语动词多为进行时，或状态动词的一般时。 while 的这些用法可用 when取代，等于 “atthetimethat ”, “duringthetimethat ”。比如：Pleasekeepquietwhile(when)othersarestudying ；②when除可指一段时间外，还可用来指一点时间，等于 “atthetime ”， when引出的时间状语从句中的谓语动词能够是停止性的，也能够是持续性的。所以主句和从句的谓语能够是一般时，进行时，或达成时。比如：WhenIwentintothelab,theteacherwasdoinganexperiment. （不可以用while）HeoftenmakesmistakeswhenheisspeakingEnglish. （when可换成while）③as常可与when，while 通用，但重申“一边、一边”。比如：As(when,while) Iwaswalking downthestreet, Inoticed apolice carinfront ofnumber37.④when指引的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致，主、谓是“主语 +系动词”构造时，这时主语和系动词能够省略。比如：When(hewas)young,heworkedforarichman.She’llbeheretogiveyouhelpwhen(ifitis)necessary.⑤when有时取代 if，指引条件句，意为“假如”、“若是”，比如： I’ll comewhen(if) I’mfree.2、before 作连词一般表示时间，意为“在以前”，但有些句子中这样译就显得别扭。 试看以下句子的翻译：Healmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme. 他几乎把我撞倒才看见我；BeforeIcouldgetinawordhehadmeasuredme. 我还没来得及插话，他已经给我量好了尺寸。3、till,until 作为介词式附属连词指引时间状语短语或状语从句，用于否认句时，构造为not until(till) ，主句谓语动词持续与非持续皆可，意为“直到才”。用于必定句时，只与持续性动词连用，表示“到为止”。比如：Theyplayedvolleyballuntil(till)itgotdark.Theydidn’ttalk （持续） until(till)theinterpreter （译员）came.Hedidn’tgotobed （非持续） until(till)thehisfathercameback. ；until 能够放在句首，till 则不可以，

Notuntilhefinishedhisworkdidhegohome. （倒装）；till,until 只用于时间，以下句子是错误的： Wewalkedtilltheedgeoftheforest. （要用asfaras 或to）。4、because,since,as 指引原由状语时注意使用上的差别：①假如原由组成句子的最主要部分 ,一般用 because,所以because指引的从句常常放在句末。用 why发问的句子，必定用 because回答。比如：Hehadtostayathomeyesterdaybecausehewasill. ；②如原由已为人们所知，或不如句子的其余部分重要，就用 as，或since。since 比as改正式些。as和since 指引的从句一般放在句子的开头。比如：Asyouaretired,youhadbetterrest. /Sinceeveryoneishere,nowlet ’sbegin.5、although 和though指引退步状语从句常常用法同样，但注意以下差别：①although 用于各样文体，而 though 则多用于非正式的口语或书面语中。注意由 although,though指引的从句后，主句不可以用 but，但可用副词 yet,still 。比如：Although/Thoughitrainedallthemorning,theystillwentonworking. （或yettheywentonworking ）②though常与even连用，eventhough 表示重申，意为“即便”，但不可以说 evenalthough ，比如：EventhoughIdidn ’tunderstandaword,Ideptsmiling.③though可用作副词，意为“但是”，常用逗号与句子分开。 although 则不可以这样使用，它只作连词。比如：Itwasaquietparty,Ihadagoodtime,though.6、once作副词译“以前”，作为连词译“一旦”，指引条件状语从句。相当于 if 的增强形式。比如：Idon’tbelievehewasonceathief.(once 这里是副词)/OnceAristotlehadmadeuphismindthatheavyobjectsalwaysfellfasterthanlightobjects,hetaughtitasatruthtohisstudents.(once 连词)7、unless 指引条件状语从句等于 if not 。比如：He’llacceptthejobunlessthesalaryistoolow.(=He ’llacceptthejobifthesalaryisnottoolow.)比如：Untilthelastminuteofthematchwekeptonplaying. 8、在用asif 指引的方式状语从句及表语从句中，依据状况要使用虚构语气。比如：Hetalksasifheknewallaboutit. 但有时也可用直陈语气。Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.9、whether,if 指引从句的用法差别：①指引主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时，用 whether，不用if。比如：WhethertheywillgototheGreatWallisnotknown./Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishthetaskontime./Thequestionwhetherwewilltakepartinthephysicscontesthasnotbeendecided.②whether可接不定式，而 if 则不可以。比如：Ihaven’tdecidedwhethertoleaveornot.③whether可作介词的宾语或置于句首表示重申，而 if 则不可以。比如：Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney./Whetherhewillcome,Iamnotsure.④whether和if 均可指引宾语从句， whether 指引的宾语从句一般都是必定句， if 指引的宾语从句能够是必定的，也能够能否认的（此时不可以用 whether），比如：Couldyoutelluswhether/ifitrainsinwinterinAustralia/Iwonderifitdoesn ’train.⑤指引宾语从句的 whether和if 常可与ornot 连用。连用时要注意 ornot 的地点，它一般与whether、if 分开使用，有时它可与 whether合起来使用，但不可以与 if 合起来使用。比如：Idon’tknowwhether/iftheywillcomeorn ot./Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcome.⑥if 可用来指引条件状语从句，译“假如”， whether则不可以。比如：Ifyouworkhard,youaresuretosucceed.10、as作附属连词可指引多种状语从句。①as指引时间状语从句，意为“当时”。比如：As(hewas)ayoungman,hewasastorekeeperandlaterapostmaster./Hesangasheworked.②as指引方式状语从句，意为“象同样”。比如： WemustdoasthePartyteachesus.

③as指引原由状语从句。意为“因为”，比如： Asyouaretired,youhadbetterrest.as指引退步状语从句。意为“固然”、“只管”Childasheis,hecandoitwell.(=Althoughheisachild,hecandoitwell.) 此外，as做为关系代词还能够指引定语从句，如： Ihavethesamebookasyou.连词while是高考一个命题的热门，你知道其考点主要波及哪些方面吗一、考察表示时间的用法，其意为“当的时候” 。如：Wemuststrikewhiletheironishot. 我们要一鼓作气。StandstillwhileItakeyourphotograph. 我给你摄影时站着不要动。Havewegotenoughbookstoreadwhileweareonholiday 假期里我们有足够的书看吗WerethereanycallsformewhileIwasout 我出去的时候，有人来过电话吗Shehatesanyonelisteningwhilesheistelephoning. 她打电话时不肯让任何人听。二、考察表示退步的用法，其意为“只管” “固然”。如：Whiletheworkwasdifficult,itwasinteresting. 固然工作有难度，但很风趣。WhileIunderstandwhatyousay,Ican ’tagreewithyou. 固然我理解你的意思，但我仍是不一样意。三、考察表示对照的用法，其意为“而” “但”。如：Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven ’tenough. 一些人糟踏食品而另一些人却食不充饥。Iwentswimmingwhiletheothersplayedtennis. 我去游泳，而其余的人则去打网球了。Pricesarerisingsharply,whileincomesarelaggingfarbehind. 物价飞涨而收入却远远落伍。注：这样用时， while 引出的句子往常位于末，但有时也可位于句首。如：Whilemostchildrenlearntoreadeasily,someneedextrahelp. 大部分小孩学会阅读很简单，有一些小孩却需要特别帮助。WhileDeauvilleisaholidayresort,Trouvilleismoreofaworkingtown. 特维尔是个度假胜地，而特鲁维尔更多的倒是个工业城市。四、考察其省略用法，即主句与从句主语同样，且从句谓语动词含有动词 be时，往常可省略从句主语和动词be。如：9._________tryingtoopenthecan,Icutmyhand.While(hewas)inprison,shewroteherfirstnovel.她在狱中写出了第一部小说。A.ThoughB.BecauseC.ForD.WhileHehadstrayedfromhomewhilestillaboy.他小时候就走开家各处漂泊了。10.Somepeoplepreferavegetariandiet,_________otherspreferameat-baseddiet.Hefellasleepwhile(hewas)doinghishomework.他做着做着功课就睡着了。A.thoughB.whileC.whichD.forIwasonlylisteningtotheradiowithhalfanear,while(Iwas)preparingsomefood.我11.Hedidn’taskmein;hekeptmestandingatthedoor_________hereadthemessage.正在做吃的东西，没太留意听收音机。A.whileB.beforeC.afterD.which【考点实训】12.Now’sthetimetobuyacar,_________theinterestratesarelow.1.Shejustsitstherereadingherstorybook,_________Idoallthework.A.butB.whichC.whileD.untilA.untilB.whileC.becauseD.though13.Thecoupletookgoodcareofthebaby_________occupiedbytheirwork.2.Theireconomyhasexpandedenormously,_________ours,bycontrast,hasdeclined.A.whileB.afterC.whichD.sinceA.whileB.unlessC.incaseD.which14.Howdidyouspendyourtime_________youwereonholiday3.Couldyouwatchmybagsforme,_________IgotothetoiletA.althoughB.whileC.whichD.sinceA.thoughB.unlessC.whatD.while15.BecauseJanehadoncehadabadaccident_________driving,shewasafraidtotryitagain.4.Theprofessoristypinghisownletters_________hissecretaryisill.A.thoughB.unlessC.forD.whileA.whatB.whichC.ifD.while5.ShesaidshewasgoingtotheshopsandaskedmewhetherIwantedanything_________she（以上答案均是while）wasout.A.thoughB.whileC.whichD.before6.Teaisthemostpopulardrink,_________coffeecomessecond.A.sinceB.untilC.whatD.while7.Schoolsinthenorthtendtobebetterequipped,_______thoseinthesoutharerelativelypoor.练习连词A.sinceB.beforeC.whileD.because1.Heisveryold,____hestillworksveryhard.8.Itisnoaccidentthatmenfillmostofthetopjobsinnursing,_______womenremainA.butonthelowergrades.2.____youaredismissed.A.afterB.sinceC.whileD.whichA.NeitheryougonorB.EitheryougoorC.WhetheryougoorD.Bothyougoand15.Wearrivedatthestation____thetrainhadleft.3.Theyhadcampedoncebefore,____theyknewwhattotake.A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.whenA.becauseB.nowC.soD.sincehewasinpoorhealth,heworkedjustashardaseveryoneelse.4.Whythesethingshappenedwas____thedriverhadbeencareless.A.ButB.AlthoughC.EvenifD.IfA.becauseofB.owingtoC.duetoD.that17.Givemeonemoreminute____I'llhavefinished.5.Although,it'sraining,____arestillworkinginthefields.A.soB.untilC.andD.whenA.theyB.buttheyC.andtheyD.sothey18.TheworkerhuntedforjobsinNewYorkformonths,____hecouldnotfindanywork.havesatisfiedyou,youhavenogroundsofcomplaint.A.andB.yetC.orD.andbutA.SoB.SincethatC.NowthatD.Bynow.19.Hurryup,____you'llbelate.7.Writeclearly____yourteachercanunderstand.youcorrectly.A.orB.andC.soD.yetA.sinceB.forC.becauseD.sothat20.Donotmakethesamemistake____Idid.'llmissthetrain____youhurryup.A.soB.asC.likeD.thatA.unlessB.asC.ifD.until21.Mysisterisexpectingme,____Imustbeoffnow.9.Francisdidthetask____hisbrother.A.howeverB.orC.soD.otherwiseA.asgoodasB.asbetterasC.aswellasD.asbestas22.Weshouldpayattention____toindustry____toagriculture.sizeoftheaudience,____wehadexpected,waswellovertwentythousand.A.either,orB.neither,norC.not,butD.both,andA.asB.whatC.thatD.whom23.Heranoff____Icouldstophim.thoughthehatedtheTV.Youareright,____hestillwatchestheprogram.A.beforeB.afterC.sinceD.whenA.yetB.besidesC.alsoD.thenyoutoldme,Ihadheardnothingofwhathappened.12.Itlooks____it'sgoingtorain.A.TillB.UntilC.AfterD.SinceA.thatB.asC.asifD.likethat25.Wherehaveyoubeen____youlefthometoNewYork,herfatherhasnotheardfromher.A.beforeB.asC.sinceD.whenA.BecauseshewentB.AftershewentC.WhenshewentD.Sinceshetheproblemofmethodissolved,talkingaboutthetaskisuseless.wentA.UntilB.SinceC.AfterD.Unlessdaydreamed,Petersawfiguresinthesky.27.Wehaveproduced15%morecottonthisyear____wedidlastyear.A.UntilB.SinceC.WhileD.DuringA.asB.thanC.likeD.whiteislate;____,I'mtootiredtogoout.A.besidesB.exceptC.exceptforD.exceptthat29.Everythingaroundusis____solid..liquid____gas.A.not...but...B.either...or...C.neither...nor...D.whether...or...30.Hewillcome____youaskhim.A.whetherB.unlessC.ifD.whilehewillcomeornotisstillunknown.A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.Whetherdon'tknow____tostayathomeorgoout.A.whetherB.ifC.howD.where33.Hespokeloudly____theaudiencecouldhearhimclearly.A.soB.thatC.sothatD.inorderto34.Thebookisnotit'sratherdifficult.A.OntheonehandB.OnthecontraryC.OntheotherhandD.Ontheothercontrary35.Youmustworkhard,____youwillnotlearnEnglishwell.A.ifB.whetherC.otherwiseD.unless36.Itrainedheavily,____thebasketballmatchhadtobeputoff.A.sothatB.whenC.otherwiseD.therefore37.Wemustdo____thepeoplewantustodo..A.whateverB.howeverC.whereverD.whenever38.Youarecertainlyright,____othersmaysay.A.whatB.whateverC.thatD.asmakesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhoB.WhatC.WhoeverD.Whatever

’lldiscussitwithyou____youliketocome.A.whenB.whereC.whoeverD.wheneveryouwork,youmustalwaysservethepeopleheartandsoul.A.WhereverB.WheneverC.WhereD.Whenunderstandthisrule,youwillhavenofurtherdifficulty.A.OnceB.AtonceC.OnlyD.Onlythendifficultthetaskmaybe,wemustfulfilitthismonth.A.NomatterhowB.NomatterwhatC.NomatterwhenD.Nomatterwhere44.Wecansurelyovercomethesedifficulties_,___wearecloselyunited.A.sofarasB.solongasC.assoonasD.aswellasIknowhewillstayhereforhalfayear.A.assoonasB.aslongasC.sofarasD.aswellas46.Pleasewriteme____youarriveinNewYork.A.aswellasB.solongasC.asfarasD.assoonas47.Thatisnot____Iwant.A.thatB.whyC.whatD.whose48.___hediditremainsasecret.A.WhatB.WhomC.WhichD.How49.Itisquiteclear____hewon'tseeus.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.how50.Wouldyoutellme____wayIshouldtakeA.whatB.thatC.whichD.whose51.Iamsure____yousaidistrue.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who52.Thetroubleis____wecannotfindsuchanexpert.A.whyB.thatC.whereD./53.Ithasnotbeendecided____theywillleave.A.whyB.whenC.whichD.what54.Weshallgo____youareready.A.whileB.assoonasC.asD.since55.Hewilltellyouaboutit____yougetthere.A.whileB.asC.whenD./56.Don'ttrytogetoffthebus____ithasstopped.A.whileB.asC.sinceD.before57.I'llcomeandseeyou_____Igotothecountryside.A.whileB.when.C.assoonasD.before58.___hecametostudyintheuniversity,hehasmademuchprogressinthestudyofEnglish.A.WhileB.WhenC.SinceD.After59.Thingshavechangedalot____Iwrotetoyoulasttime.A.whenB.sinceC.asD.before60.Ican'tuseyourpen,___thereisnoinkinit.A.forB.whenC.ifD.whether61.I'dliketogoswimming____thewaterisnottoocold.A.forB.unlessC.ifD.whether62.Difficultiesarenothing___wearenota