新视野大学英语视听说教程第三册听力原文unit6

W:Arethosecigarettesyours?Ithoughtyouquit.Ifyougobacktoit,yourteethandfingerswill

benicotine-stained;yourbreathandclotheswillsmellsmoky.

M:Ididn't,Iswear.Adsshowingdiseasedlungskeptmefromstartingagain.Believeme,I'll

neveragainbeaslavetosmoking.

Q:Whydidn'tthemangobacktosmoking?"

M:What'sthatnoise?It'sreallyloud!Soundslikegunshots!

W:It'sthelocal""youth""throwingfirecrackers.Don'tgoout.They'relikelytothrowoneatyou

orputonethroughtheletterboxifyoubotherthem.

Q:Whatmaytheyoungpeopledo?"

M:IwishIhadleftmywalletathome.ButI'msureIputitinmybackpocket.

W:Ohno,it'ssoeasyforapickpockettotakeitfromthere.Youshouldputyourmoneyinyour

breastpocket.

Q:Whatshouldthemando,accordingtotheconversation?"

M:Ihatethatsubwaystation.Wheneveryoucomeout,you'realwaysplaguedbybeggars.

W:Iknow,butthekidsreallygettome.Ican'thelpbutfeelsorryforthem.Theylookso

miserable.

Q:Whatdothemanandwomanthinkabouttheyoungbeggars?"

M:Thebankcalledmetoday;theywantedtoknowifIspent3,000dollarsinafurnitureshopthis

morning!OfcourseIdidn't!

W:Someonemust'vemadeacopyofyourcreditcard.It'seasilydone.You'llhavetocancelitat

onceandgetanewone.Hopefully,thebankwillcoverthedamage.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanrecommendthemantodo?"

HowtoSolveUnemploymentProblems

Alan:Ihaveameetingwithmyaccountanttomorrowmorning.She'spreparingmyincometax

return,andIneedtogooversomeofthereceiptswithher.

Pamela:Incometaxreturn!Don'tyouthinkthegovernmentjustsquandersourhard-earnedtax

moneyonsomeunnecessaryprojects?

Alan:Sure,sometimestheydo,butwearelivingprettywelland,tobehonest,Idon'tmindpaying

taxes.IfI'mpayingincometax,itmeansI'mearningmoney.I'dratherbeearningmoneythan

livingoncharity.

Pamela:Ifthepoorwouldjustgetjobs,ourtaxeswouldbemuchlower.

Alan:Mostpeoplewouldratherworkthanreceivecharity,butthesituationiscomplex:sometimes

therearenojobsthattheyaretrainedfor.

Pamela:Thentheyshouldtaketheneededtraining--upgradetheirskillsandknowledgeto

becomemoreemployable.

Alan:Trainingandupgradingcostmoney.Somegovernmenttaxdollarsaredirectedtoprograms

thathelpthepoorgetjobs.

Pamela:Butevenwhenjobsareavailable,someoftheunemployeddon'twanttowork.They

wouldratherhaveahandout.

Alan:It'spartlyamatterofeducation.Somepeoplehavetobeeducatedtorealizehowmuch

fullertheirlifewouldbeiftheywerenotdependentoncharity.

Pamela:Ithinkthegovernmentshouldattackunemploymentbyreducingthetaxrate.Thatwould

putmoremoneyintopeople'spockets,thentheywouldspendmore,andthespendingwould

createmorejobsforthepoor.

Alan:Manypeoplewouldagreewithyou."

Alan'saccountantispreparinghisincometaxreturn,soheneedstogooversomeofthereceipts

withher.Pamelacomplainsthatthegovernmentjustsquanderspeople'shard-earnedtaxmoneyon

someunnecessaryprojects.ButAlandoesnotmindpayingtaxes,sayingitmeansheisearning

money,whichisbetterthanlivingoncharity.Pamelainsiststhatifthepoorwouldjustgetjobs,

taxeswouldbemuchlower.Alandisagrees,sayingmostpeoplewouldratherworkthanreceive

charity,butsometimestherearenojobsthattheyaretrainedfor.ButPamelaassertsthatthe

joblesspeopleshouldtaketheneededtrainingtoupgradetheirskillsandknowledgetobecome

moreemployable.Alanbelievesthatsomeofthegovernmenttaxdollarsarealreadydirectedto

trainingandupgradingprogramsthathelpthepoortogetjobs.WhenPamelasayssomeofthe

unemployeddon'twanttowork,preferringtohavehandouts,Alanpointsoutthatsomepeople

havetobeeducatedtorealizehowmuchfullertheirlifewouldbeiftheywerenotdependenton

charity.Pamelais,however,moredown-to-earth,thinkingthegovernmentshouldattack

unemploymentbyreducingthetaxrate.Thatwouldgivepeoplemoremoney;then,theywould

spendmore,whichwouldcreatemorejobsforthepoor.

AProfessionalGambler

Inabaraguytoldthebartender,""I'maprofessionalgambler;I'vemadelotsofmoneyfrom

gambling.""

Thebartenderanswered,""Icanhardlybelieveit.Youroddsarefifty-fiftyatbest,right?""

""Well,Ionlybetonsurethings,""saidtheguy.

""Likewhat?""askedthebartender.

""Well,forexample,I'llbetyoufiftydollarsthatIcanbitemyrighteye,""hesaid.

Thebartenderthoughtaboutit.""Okay,""hesaid.

So,theguypulledouthisfalserighteyeandbitit.""Ah,youscrewedme,""saidthebartender,

andpaidtheguyfiftydollars.

""I'llgiveyouanotherchance.I'llbetyouanotherfiftydollarsthatIcanbitemylefteye,""said

thestranger.

Thebartenderthoughtitoveragainandsaid,""Well,Icanseeyou'renotblind.I'lltakethatbet.""

So,theguypulledouthisfalseteethandbithislefteye.Andthebartenderhadtopayhimanother

fiftydollars.

Thentheguywenttothebackroomtoplaycardswithsomeofthelocals.Aftermanyhoursof

drinkingandcardplaying,hestumbleduptothebartenderandsaid,""Bartender,I'llgiveyouone

lastchance.I'llbetyou500dollarsthatIcandumptomatojuiceintothatwhiskeybottlethreefoot

awaywithoutspillingadrop.""

Thebartenderthoughttheguymustbedrunknow.""Okay,you'reon,""hesaid.

Theguybegandumpingtomatojuicealloverthebartender,butnotadropfellintothewhiskey

bottle.

Thebartenderwasoverjoyed.Laughing,thebartendersaid,""Hey,pal,youowemefivehundred

dollars!""

Theguysaid,""That'sokay.Ijustbettheguysinthecardroom1,000buckseach,thatIcould

dumptomatojuicealloveryoubutstillmakeyoulaugh!"""

1.

Thebartenderdidnotbelievethattheguycouldmakealotofmoneyoutofgambling.

FightingTeenSmoking

Thepercentageofteenswhosmokedcigarettesdroppedto28%in2003,accordingtoareportby

theCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Thatwasdownfrom36%in1999asmeasuredby

theYouthRiskBehaviorSurvey.It'satriumphformanypeopleacrossthenationwhoworked

tirelesslytoreversetheclimbinteensmokingratesduringthe1990s.

Anequalaccomplishmentmaybethediscoveryofwhatworkstoinfluenceteens'motivationand

behavior.Successhascomeincommunitieswithacomprehensiveprogramtofighttobaccouse

byteens.Thebestschoolhealthclasseswon'thavemucheffectonteenswhoalreadysmoke.

Manyofthemneedprofessionalhelpbeforetheycanquit.Anotherinterestingfindingisthat

nearlyallfirstuseoftobaccooccursbeforehighschoolgraduation.Soifadolescentsdon'tstart

smokingbyage18,oddsaretheyneverwill.Forthosewhodoexperimentwithcigarettes,new

researchshowsteenscangethookedonnicotinemorequicklythanadultsandbyextremelylow

levelsoftobacco.

Nowthebadnews:whiletheteensmokingrateisdownto28%,morethanoneinfourteenagers

stillsmoke.Publichealthleadersandparentsarenotreadytoabandonaquarteroftoday'syoung

peopletothedamagingeffectsoftobacco.Obviously,itisstilltooearlytocelebrateacomplete

victory.Thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement."

1.What

percentagedidtheteensmokingratedropby?

BattlingPoverty

TodayI'llbepresentingareportonourfindingsontheconditionoftheworld'spopulation.Itmay

beasurprisetoyouthathalfthepeopleintheworldliveonlessthantwodollarsaday,andone

billionpeopleliveonlessthanonedollaraday.

I'mgoingtolookatpovertyanditsrelationshiptopopulationissues.Wemustworkfastifwe

hopetoreducepovertybyhalf,bytheyear2015.

Oursurveyshowsthatthefirststepshouldbetoimprovehealth-caresystems.Intheworld's

poorestcountries,peopleareexpectedtolivejust49years.Oneintenchildrendoesn'treachhisor

herfirstbirthday.Accordingtoourstudy,poorhealthandpovertyarelinked.Womenareaffected

mostbypoorhealth-caresystems,especiallypregnantwomen.

Thesecondjobwehavetodo,asmanyofyoucanguess,istoreducebirthrates.Wehavefound

thatwhengivenachoice,poorpeopleindevelopingcountrieshavefewerchildrenthantheir

parentsdid.Apossiblereasonforthisisprobablythatsmallerfamilieshavefewerexpensesand

morechanceofincreasingtheirearningsandsavings.Sincethe1970s,developingcountrieswith

lowerbirthrateshavehadfastereconomicgrowth.Theyhavehadhigherproductivity,more

savingsandmoreinvestment.Obviouslywemustencouragefamilyplanningandlowerbirth

rates.

Now,hereisthethirdmeasurewemusttake:promoteeducationindevelopingcountries.

Investingineducation,especiallyforwomen,canreducepoverty.Educatedwomenhavemore

opportunitiestoworkandachancetolivebetter.Moreover,theytendtosendtheirchildrento

goodschoolssothattheycanclimbthesocialladder.

HeldBackBecauseISpeakSpanish

IwasraisedspeakingEnglish,butIalsospokeSpanishathome.WhenIwenttoschoolforthe

firsttime,IwasenrolledinESLclasses--classesofEnglishasaSecondLanguage.Iwasalsoput

intheLimitedEnglishProficiencyProgram.Inalltheseclasses,Ialwaysgotthehighestgrades.I

wasthebestreaderandspeaker.Therewasnoreasonformetobeinanyofthoseclasses.

WhenmyparentsdiscoveredthatIwasinthoseclassesinsteadofinregularclasseswithother

English-speakingstudents,theywenttotheschooladministrationtocomplainaboutthe

discrimination.Theschoolhadnothingtosay.MyparentstriedtogetmeoutoftheESLclasses,

buttheschoolfoughtveryhardtokeepmethere.Andthenwefoundoutwhy--foreverystudent

theschoolhadintheESLandLimitedEnglishProficiencyProgram,theywouldreceive$400.

Thiswasprettydevastating.Theschool'sonlyexcuseforkeepingmetherewasbecauseIlivedin

aSpanish-speakinghousehold,andthatIwasinfluencedbythewaymyparentsspoke.My

parentswereoutraged,butIremainedintheESLandLimitedEnglishProficiencyProgramuntilI

wasinthefifthgrade.

Thenmyparentstransferredmetoanotherschoolwheretheyhadfriends.Thenewschoolgave

meanEnglishproficiencytest.Iacedit.SoIdidn'thavetoattendthoseprogramsfornon-native

Englishspeakers.Iwasfinallyontherighttrackandbackattheheadoftheclass.Thefirstschool

Ihadattendedwouldhaveneverletmeoutofthoseprogramsorevenletmetakethetest.Iwas

too""Spanish""forthem."

Drinking,GamblingandGolf

Amanwaswalkinginthecitywhenhewasaccostedbyaparticularlydirtyandshabby-looking

bum,whoaskedhimforacoupleofdollarsfordinner.

Themantookouthiswallet,extractedtwodollarsandasked,""IfIgiveyouthismoney,willyou

takeitandbuywhiskey?""

""No,Istoppeddrinkingyearsago,""thebumsaid.

""Willyouuseittogamble?""

""Idon'tgamble.IneedeverythingIcangetjusttostayalive.""

""Willyouspendthemoneyongreenfeesatagolfcourse?""

""Areyounuts?Ihaven'tplayedgolffor20years!""

Themansaid,""Well,I'mnotgoingtogiveyoutwodollars.

Instead,I'mgoingtotakeyoutomyhomeforaterrificdinnercookedbymywife.""

Thebumwassurprised,

Won'tyourwifebefuriouswithyoufordoingthat?

IknowI'mdirty,andIprobablysmellprettybad.

Themanreplied,""That'sOK.

Ijustwanthertoseewhatamanlookslikewho'sgivenupdrinking,gambling,andgolf."""

Whybuylotterytickets?

Charles:Didyouhear?Nextweek'slotterywillbe28milliondollars!Yougotyourticketyet?

Joan:Idon'tbuylotterytickets,andIdon'tgambleinotherways,either.Lotteryticketsarejust

anotherwayoftaxingthepoor.

Charles:Whatdoyoumeanbythat?

Joan:Manyofthebigspendersonlotteryticketsarepoor.Theyarespendingmoneytheycan't

affordtospend.

Charles:Ijustbuylotteryticketsforfun.Youknow...thefirstprizeisahugeamount,andifIwon,

itwouldbeexciting.

Joan:Butyoudon'tneedthemoneytoenjoylife,soforyouit'sagame.Butwhenthepoorbuy

lotterytickets,itisoftenoutofdesperation.

Charles:Iftheycan'taffordit,theyshouldn'tbuythetickets.

Joan:Butthethrillofawin,ofsomethingfornothing,isalsoaddictive,andmanypeopleare

addictedtogambling.

Charles:Youmustberight.Casinosare