大学英语四级写作范文专业知识讲座课件

四级作文类型1现象分析、问题解决型

2观点对比型

3道理论证型4图表文OnExcessivePackaging

1.目前很多商品存在过度包装现象

2.出现这一现象的原因

3.我对这一现象的看法和建议

NooneinChinahasfailedtonoticethatgoodsarewrapped（包装）inflaring（华美的，花哨的）boxesorbags.Takingalookaround，wecanfindexampleswithease：asmallcomputerispackedinathickandheavy（又厚又重）carton，clothesareputtedinawell-designedplasticbags（塑料袋）whichprintedvariouskindsofpatternsandcolorsandsoon.

Whatarethecausesofthisproblem?Ontheonehand,inordertoearnmoreeconomicgains(经济收益),aconsiderablenumberof（很多）manufacturesusuallywraptheirproductswithunnecessarybutappealing(吸引人的)materialsaimingatattractingcustomer’sattention,arousingtheircuriosityandthenstimulatingtheirpurchasingdesire（吸引顾客的注意力，引发他们的好奇心并刺激他们的购买欲望）.Ontheotherhand,quiteafewcustomersbelievethatthemoredelicatethepackageseems，thesuperiorthequalitywillbe（包装越精美，产品质量就越好）,thenotionhasalsoencouragedthetrendofexcessivepackaging.Tochangethissituation,Ithinkweshouldtakethefollowingmeasures.First,lawsmustbemadeandimplementedtoimposerestrictionon（实行限制）excessivepackaging.Moreover,apubliceducationcampaignshouldbelaunchedtoarousecustomers'consciousnessthatpackagingdoesn'tisn’tequaltoquality.Onlyinthiswaycanweputanendtothistrend.★问题（现象）、分析原因、给出建议1.NooneinChinahasfailedtonoticethat…Takingalookaround，wecanfindexampleswithease:2.Whatarethecausesofthisproblem?Ononehand,….Ontheotherhand,…etc.3.Tochangethissituation,Ithinkweshouldtakethefollowingmeasures.问题解决型作文模板开头段：1)Nobodycouldhavefailedtonoticethefactthat.(2)Forexample,中间段：(3)Thesehavecausedmuchharm/manyproblems.(4)Firstofall.(5)Inaddition/Furthermore,(6)Finally/Lastly/Lastbutnotleast/Whatismore

结尾段：(7)Inaword.(7)Therefore,itishightimethatwetakestepstostop.(8)Weshouldstartfromtriflesaroundourselves.(7)AsfarasIamconcerned.(7)Foronething.Foranother,.(7)Therefore,Iamsure.2.OnlineShopping1.指出现象:现在网上购物已成为一种时尚

2.说明利弊：网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题

3.提出建议

Withthehelpoftherapiddevelopmentofinternettechnology,onlineshoppingiscomingintofashioninmostofcities.

Itisbeyonddoubt(毫无疑问)thatInternetshoppingenjoys(享有)ahostofvirtues(许多优点).

Fromtheperspectiveof(从的角度看）consumer(消费者),itcansavesometimeforpeoplewhodon’thavemuchsparetime.Justclickthemouse,theycangetwhatevertheywantwhilestayingathome.Fortheretailers(零售商),itcancutsomecosts(减少一些成本)forthosewhodon’thavemuchcirculatingfunds(流动资金).Theydon’thavetorentahouseandspendmoneyonemployees(雇员)comparedwiththetraditionaltrademode(贸易方式).

Despitethevariousstrengths(优点)ofInternet-basedshopping,thedarksides(阴暗面，不好的一面)ofitalsoexist,however.Takesomeconcrete(具体的)examples.First,lackoffacetofacedeal(面对面交易)makesonlineshoppinglessreliableandtrustworthy.Second,peoplewilllosethefunofbargaining(讨价还价).

Itisundeniablethat（不可否认）

shoppingontheinternethasbecomeanirresistible（不可阻挡的）trendinmodernsociety.It’sofgreaturgencythat(...迫在眉睫)weneedtoregulate(规定)therelativelawsaccordancewith(根据)therapidgrowthofonlineshopping.Onlyinthiswaycanweenjoythepleasureandconvenienceofonlineshoppingwithouttheconcernofbeingcheated.★利弊问题总结段模板

Frommyownperspective,thebenefitsofonlineshoppingoutweigh(大于）itsdisadvantages.Simplyput(简单地说),wearesupposedto(应该)capitalizeon(利用)itsmerits(优点)toserveourpurposes（满足我们的需要）

anddoallinourpower(尽我们的力量)tominimize（降低）itsadverseimpacts（不利影响）onusmeanwhile(同时）.2013年6月英语四级作文图画作文图画作文写作思路：描述图片、阐明观点、给出建议第一段：描述图片第二段：阐明观点第三段：总结观点，给出建议图画作文：大学生在校从商,创业,好不好?是学业重要,还是社会经历重要?

Beingfacedwithvariousandcomplicatedrequirementsofemploymentmarket,somestudentsbegintoquestionthesignificanceoflearningbasicknowledgeandskills,justaswhatisexposedinthecartoonabove.However,itisabsolutelywrongtoholdthatidea.Owingtothefactthatwearelivinginacompetitivesociety,thedevelopmentofoursocietydemandsthatwearmourselveswithbasicskillsandup-to-dateknowledgesoastokeepupwiththepaceofoursociety.

Aninvestigationshowsthatmillionsofpeoplespendtimeandenergygraspingskillsandtechnologysothattheycankeepafavorablepositioninjobmarketorenhancetheiropportunities.Whilefocusingoncreativity,innovation,managementandleadershipskills,weshouldneverforgetthefundamentalimportanceofthemorebasic,essentialskills。

Itisuniversallyknownthatopportunityisimportant,butyoucoulddonothingwithitifyouarenotequippedwithcompetitiveforces,suchbasicreadingandcalculatingskills,toseizeit.TheImportanceofLearningBasicSkillsWhatwecanseefromthecartoonisthattheteacherisinstructingthestudentssomebasicmathematicskills.However,somestudentsarewonderingthatifitwillbeoutdatedinthefuture.Thepictureimplicitlyraisesthequestionoftheimportanceofthefundamentalskillsusstudentslearninourclasses。

Itisworthmentioningthatthoseseeminglybasicandelementaryskillswelearnedinschoolactuallyplayasignificantlyindispensableroleinourfutureworks.Thepervasiveundervaluationonelementaryskillsthatwefindamongcurrentstudentsandevensometeacherscanlargelybeattributedtotheirlackofvisionoffutureandthoroughunderstandingontheknowledge.Afterall,it’sanobvioustruththatwecouldnotbuildamagnificentmansionwithoutsolidfoundations;wecouldnotenjoyalongtravelunlesswemakeasolidstartatfirst.Thosebasicskillsmaylooksimpletolearn,butwithoutthemitwillnotbesimpleatalltoachievefurthergoals.Tosumup,weshouldthinkhighlyoftheimportanceofbasicandfundamentalskillsthatguaranteeourwonderfulandbrilliantfuture.Furthermore,weshouldmakefulluseofthoseelementaryskills,consciouslyapplyingtheminourworksandlife.Basicskillwillneverbeoutdated。图画作文：一屋不扫何以扫天下

1.Wecanseeclearlyfromthecartoonthereisafathertalkingwithherson.Havingheardhisson’swordsthat“Dad,Iamabitworriedaboutdisposingofnuclearweapon.”Thefatherrepliesthat“Ifyoucanemptythedustbinhere,youcandoanything”.1.Talkinginthecartoonaretwoman,whoareaboyandhisfather.Theboyisworriedabouttheexpectableimpacts（）thedisposalofthenuclearwastemaycause,（）whilehisfatheristellinghimthat（）whatmattersnowshouldbeemptyingthedustbininfrontofthem.2.Itistheprofoundimplicationbeneaththesurfaceofthissimpleandsarcasticdrawingthat（）oughttobetakenintoaccount:onewhocancopewithsmalltasksfirstcanthenundertakesomethingbig.（）Takingalookaround,wecaneasilyfindsomestudents（）dreamingoftheirbrilliantfuturebutunwillingtoattendclassesortodohomework,somenetizensworryingaboutthefateofournationbutrefusingtobetterthemselvesfirst,someofficialsclaimingtheirdeterminationsinmakingoursocietyabetterplacebutbeingreluctanttogiveuppartsoftheirowninterests.2.Suchphenomenacollectivelyreflectthefactthatsomemoderncitizens,especiallyanumberofyoungpeople,lackthespiritof"thinkbig,downtoearth".Thiscanbechieflyduetothefact()thatthesepeoplearesolazyandblindthattheyareonlyinwantofafruitfuloutcomebutnevermakeanyefforts.Asafamoussayinggoes,youreapwhatyousow.Thosewhowantstoflybutforgetthepowerofthegravitywillbesuretofalldownonthegroundandhurtbadlyasaresult.3.According,Isupposeitisimperativeforusyoungpeopletounderstandthat()allthatmatterstousnowshouldbetobetterourselves.Notonlyarewesupposedtolearnknowledgeandtoenhanceourabilities,wealsoneedtotakeseriouslytheassignmentsconfrontingus.Ibelieveonlyaftereachofusmanagestostrengthenhimselforherselfwilltheproblems()worryingusnowbesettledinthedays()tocome.TheImportanceofReadingLiterature

Asishumorously

portrayedinthecartoon,ateacherishandingaclassicliteraturebooktoastudent,askingthestudentto“justreaditasifyouarereadingalongtextmessage.”Obviously,the

symbolicmeaningofthispictureistoshowustheimportanceofreading

literature.

Itshouldbegenerallyacknowledgedthatclassicliteratureplaysasignificantrolenotonlyinpreservingtheessenceofgreatmindsbutalsoinenhancingthequalityofone’slife.Tobeginwith,literatureasthecollectionofgreatmindswillhelpusenormouslybroadenourhorizons,experiencingthingswewon’thavethechancetodoaswellasliveswewon’tbeabletoenjoy.Whatismore,thosefinestoriesselectedandconveyedbythegreatauthor,althoughhappenedinthepast,stillcarrysomeusefulinformationandimplicationforourdailylives.Inaddition,thebeautifulwordsandsentencesflowinginthepagesofexcellentliteraturecangreatlyeaseourtiredness,makingusfeeleasyandquiet.

Therefore,weoughttofullyrealizetheimportanceofreadingliterature.Justastheteacherinthepictureputs,readingliteratureshouldbeaseasyandcommonasreadingtextmessages.Facingthecomingchallengesinthedaysahead,weneedtoequipuswithnotonlysciencebutalsoliteraturebywhichwecanbeautifyourlifeandtheworld.一、什么是图表作文

图表作文就是对统计表（tables）、曲线坐标图表（linegraphs）、饼状图表（piecharts）和条状图表（bargraphs）等提供的一组或几组数据用恰当、准确的文字进行描述、转化为文字信息，因而体裁上属于说明文性质。但从另外一个角度来讲，图表作文通常不仅仅是单纯地说明图中表明的事实，它还要求考生在对图表中相关数据进行仔细说明、分析、比较的基础上，归纳出数据的增减变量，从而总结出图表所反映的主题、意向、趋势和潜在含义，继而从中推导出合乎逻辑的结论和看法。只有这样才能够说明观点、阐明道理，为分析研究这一图表画上圆满的句号。从这一点上看，图表作文不单是说明性质的文章，而是说明文体和议论文体并存的一种题型。图表作文一般可分为三个自然段：第一段说明该图表反映的概况，选择能充分说明主题的典型数据进行概述。第二段对数据进行仔细的分析比较，归纳出增减速率，找出产生变化的原因。第三段对数据的变化进行评论或得出应有的结论表格分类与时态运用：

表格可分为两类，即有时间参照和没时间参照的（withorwithoutatimereference）表格。在描述没有时间参照的表格时，常用一般现在时；有时间参照的，如果参照的时间在过去，要用一般过去时，如果叙述的是经常出现的情况，则要用一般现在时。例11991年6月四级作文题

ChangesinPeople'sDiet.1.statethechangesinpeople'sdiet(饮食)inthepastfiveyears;2.givepossiblereasonsforthechanges3.drawyourownconclusions.4.youshouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible.Kind

1986

1987 1988

1989

1990Grain

49%47% 46.5%

45%45%Milk

10%11%11%12%13%Meat

17%20%22.5%23%21%FruitandVegetable24% 22%20%20%21%Total

100%100%

100%

100%

100%Sample1

Fromthechartwecanseethatduringthepastfiveyearstherehavebeengreatchangesinpeople’sdiet.Thegreatestchangeoccursingrainconsumption,whichhasdropped4%from49%in1986to45%in1990intotalfoodconsumption.Thesecondgreatestchangeisinmilkconsumption,whichincreasedfrom10%in1986to13%in1990.Butontheotherhand,twotrendscanbeobservedintheconsumptionofmeatandfruitandvegetables.From1986to1989,meatconsumptionincreasedfrom17%to23%whilethatoffruitandvegetablesdroppedfrom24%to20%.From1989to1990,meatconsumptiondroppedalittleto21%,whilethatoffruitandvegetablesincreasedalittleto21%.Whathascausedthegreatchangesinpeople’sdiet?Themainreason,Ithink,liesintheimprovementinpeople’sincomelevel.Withthedevelopmentofoursociety,peoplearebecomingricherandricher,whichenablesthemtopurchasemorenutritiousfoodsuchasmeatandmilk.Inthemeantime,grainconsumptioninpeople’sdietconsequentlydropped.Sofromtheanalysis,wecandrawaconclusionthatoursocietyisprogressingandpeoplearelivingabetterlifethaneverbefore.Wearenowabletopurchasemoredeliciousandnutritiousfood,resultinginanimprovement.Sample2Ascanbeseeninthetable,therehavebeengreatchangesinpeople’sdietinthepastfiveyears.GrainusedtobetheChinesemainfood,butnowitisplayingalessimportantroleinpeople’sdiet,whiletheconsumptionofsomehighenergyfoods,suchasmilkandmeat,hasincreasedsteadily.Whatcausedthesechanges?Ithinkthereasonsareasfollows:First,theopenpolicybringsthepeopleopportunitiestoearnalotofmoney.Second,peoplenowadayspaymoreattentiontothestructureoftheirdiet.Theyareseekingthemostreasonabledietstructure,whichwilldogoodtotheirhealth.Fromtheabove,wecanseethat,withthedevelopmentofthecountry,theleveloftheChinesepeople’slifehaschangedinthepastfiveyears.I’msuretherewillbegreaterchangesinthefuture.注：soarto/boom/shootup/rocket/jump飞速上升

climb上升很慢

shrink下降，缩水文章开头常用词汇1.图表类型：table表格;chart图表;diagram图表或图解，示意图;graph图表,曲线图;column/barchart柱状图;piegraph饼图

2.描述：show;describe;illustrate;canbeseenfrom;clear;appear;reveal显示;represent表现,描绘

3.内容：figure数字;statistics[用作复]统计数字[资料]；number;percentage;proportion(the～ofAtoB)表示数据

上升：increase,rise,ascend,soar,surge（激增）,goup,climb,mount,levelup下降:decrease,fall,drop,descend,decline,reduce,lessen,leveldown

平稳:stable,steady,remainsteady/stable;/maintain/keep/bethesameas/similarto;little/hardlyany/nochange波动:fluctuate,fluctuation,riseandfall,upanddown占:occupy，takeup，accountfor

而:while,however,whereas,ontheotherhand

相比:by/incontrast,onthecontrary,likewise,comparedwith

最高点:thehighest,thetop,thesummit,thepeak

最低点:bottom,least,rockbottom最低点例句：Priceshavehitrockbottom.（价格已达最低水平。）平均值:average

趋势:tendency,trend,inclination

预见:prediction

oneinthree,1/3oneoutofeveryfour，1/4

有一个稳定的过程:astableperiodcanbeseen常用词和短语significantchanges

图中一些较大变化noticeabletrend

明显趋势duringthesameperiod

在同一时期distribute 分布，区别unequally 不相等地pronounced 明显的,显著的correspondingadj. 相应的

representvt. 阐述，表现overall

总体上讲inthecaseof

在…的情况下in/bycontrast

相反，大不相同inconclusionadv. 最后，总之incomparison

相比之下inversely/reverselyadv.相反地，倒转地ingeneral 通常，大体上，一般而言rangefrom…to 从…到…不等excessiveadj. 过多的，过分的，额外lowerv. 降低，跌落elapsevi.

（时间）过去，消逝categoryn. 种类governmentpolicy

政府政策marketforces 市场规律measure

n.尺寸，方法，措施

v.估量，调节forecast

n.先见，预见v.预见英语图表写作套句精选1.thetableshowsthechangesinthenumberof……overtheperiodfrom……to……该表格描述了在……年之……年间……数量的变化。2.thebarchartillustratesthat……该柱状图展示了……3.thegraphprovidessomeinterestingdataregarding……

该图为我们提供了有关……有趣数据。4.fromthediagram，wecanseegreatchangeshavetakenplacein……从图中可以看出，……发生了巨大变化。6.overtheperiodfrom……to……the……remainedlevel.在……至……期间，……基本不变。7.thegraphsshowathreefoldincreaseinthenumberof……该图表表明……的数目增长了三倍。常用句型与例句句型1：Asisshownbythegraph/inthetable…（概述图表时用）例句：Asisshownbythegraph,therehasbeenarapidincreaseinthepopulationofthecountryinthepastfiveyears.（正如曲线所示，最近5年来该国人口飞速增长。）句型2：Itcanbeseenfromthetablethat…（从图表中能得出……结论）

例句A：FromthestatisticsgiveninthetableitcanbeseenthattheaveragepersonalincomeoftheChinesepeopleincreased(grew/rose)rapidlyfrom1985to1990.（从表中所给的统计数字可以看出，从1985年到1990年中国的人均收入迅速提高。）例句B：ItcanbeconcludedfromthegraphthattherehasbeenagreatdeclineinbirthratesinChinainthepastfiveyears.（从曲线图可以得出结论，最近5年来中国人口的出生率已经大大下降。句型3：…amountto…（数量总计）

adduptocometosumupto例句：Alltheexpenses(costs)amountto(=addupto)$200.（全部费用合计200美元。）句型4：…increasefrom…to…（数量增减）decrease;rise;fall;drop例句A.ThenumberofcolorTVsetsproducedbythefactoryincreased(rose,grew,climbed)from5000in1986to21000in1990.（这个工厂生产的彩电已由1986年的5000台增加到1990年的21000台。）例句B.Thenumberofparticipantsgrewupto300000persons.（参加者的人数增加到30万。）例句C.Thenumberofteachingstaffmembersinthisschoolhasdecreasedto700persons.（这个学校的教职工人数已减少到700人。）句型5：（be）threetimesas+形容词+as

总产量totaloutput

年产量theannualoutputof

上升17％riseby17percent

日产量thedailyoutput

导致产量下降resultinadiminishedoutput例句Thegrainproduction(=output)inourareanowisthreetimesasgreatasthatof1970.（现在我们地区的粮食产量相当于1970年的3倍。）句型6：Comparedwith…,…例句Comparedwiththatoflastyear,theoutputof13mainproducts(=items)thisyearhasincreasedtoagreatextent.（与去年相比，今年13项主要产品的产量都有大幅度增长。）句型7：Thereis(was)arapidrisein…beontheriseontheincreasesuddendecreaseonthedeclinesteadydeclinegradualfallslowdropslight例句Thecottonoutputinthisareahasincreasedrapidlyinthepastfewyears.最近几年来这个地区的棉花产量有了迅速增长。HomeworkDifferenceofIncomeSourcesbetweenChineseandAmericanStudentsIncomeSourcesAmericanstudentsChinesestudentsParents50%90%Part-timejob35%5%Scholarship15%5%1.DescribethedifferencesoftheincomesourcesbetweenChineseandAmericanstudents.2.Analyzepossiblereasonsforthesedifferences.3.Predicatefuturetendency.

Sample1IncomesourcesofChinesestudentsarequitedifferentfromthoseofAmericanstudents.InChina,studentsget90%oftheirmoneyfromtheirparentswhileinAmerica,only50%ofstudents’moneyisprovidedbyparents.Inaddition,Chinesestudentsearnonly5%oftheirmoneyfrompart-timejobsand5%fromfellowshiporscholarshipwhileincomefromthesetworesourcesforAmericanstudentstakesup35%and15%respectivelyoftheirtotalincome.

Ithinkthereareprobablyfourreasonsforsuchdifferences.Tobeginwith,becauseoftheinfluenceofdifferentsocialandfamilyvalues,ChinesestudentshaveformedthehabitofaskingformoneyfromtheirparentswhileAmericanstudentshavedevelopedmoresenseofbeingfinanciallyindependent.

Secondly,mostChineseparentsdevotetoomuchcaretotheirchildrenandtheywouldrathersaveuptoaffordtheirchildren’seducationratherthanencouragethemtotakepart-timejobs.ButinAmerica,manyparentspaymoreattentiontodevelopingthestudents’abilityofself-reliance,sotheyencouragetheirchildrentofindpart-timejobstoearnsomemoneybythemselves.Moreover,sinceAmericaismoredevelopedthanChina,itisrelativelyeasyforstudentstofindpart-timejobs.InChina,suchopportunitiesareratherrare.Lastbutnotleast,wehavetoadmitthatinChineseschools,notmuchfellowshiporscholarshipisprovidedforstudents.IbelievewiththedevelopmentofChina,anincreasingnumberofChinesestudentswillrealizeandpaymoreattentiontothenecessityofself-dependence.