高一寒假讲义2a第三讲非谓语动词二教师版

ThenundedicatingherwholelifetothepoorhasbeenrewardedtheNobelPeacePrize.Themovingcastlehasattractedmanypeople’sHeistherightmantodothethemanThematerialusedbythefactoryisfromThailand.Thedestroyedbridgeneedsrepairing.BeingThebridgebeingbuiltbytheworkerswillbefinishedbeforeDecember.TobeThequestiontobediscussedattomorrow’smeetingveryWalkingaroundthepark,theoldladysuddenlysaw主动+HavingHavingreceivedallkindsof,theactressdecided主动+HavingbeenHavingbeenputintoprisonfortwentyyears,themantotally+BeingBeingattackedbyaseriousdisease,peopleintheshowtheircouragetothe+Givenanotherhour,Icanalsoworkoutthis+HeseldomboughtexpensiveclothestosaveToseethepaintingclearly,theoldmanhadtoputonhis主动+TobeTobefinishedontime,theworkrequiresgreat+to l/remind/want/warn/wish/waitfor/callon/dependonsb.todoto①感官动词：lookat/see/watch/notice/observe/listento/hear/feelsb.do②使役动词：let/make/havesb.doHavesb.dosth.让做某Have ngsth.让一直做某Havesb./sth.done让/某事被MotherhadmegototheshopandbuysomeIt’srudeofyourtohaveanoldmanwaitingintherainfortwohours.Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.注意：havesb./sthdoneGetsb.todosth.让去做某Get ngsth.让开始行动起来做某Getsb./sth.done Youwillnevergethimtounderstand.Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardsthedestinationafterashortrest.IwanttogetmyclotheswashedintheLaundromat.注意：getsb./sth.done时，意味着动作不是由主语发出，而是由别人完成。注意：上面三个举行get都作“使、让”get作“得到”解时，有两个句型：getsth.todo&getsth.tobedone。前者意为“有一些事情要做”，后者意为I’vegotanewbooktoI’vegotalettertobeLeave ngsth.让一直做某Leavesb.todosth.留下做某Leavesth. LeavesthtobedoneIt’swrongofyoutoleavethemachinerunning.Heleftmetodoalltherestofthework.Theguestsleftmostofthedishesuntouched,whichmadeusreallyThebosssuddenlywentout,leavingmanyproblemstobetoo…to,enoughto,neverto,so/such…asto等固定结构中。现在分词表示的结果，是伴随谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果(同时发生)，有时面加上thus，谓语动词与现在分词的动作是因果关Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only thefilmstarshad B.tobe D.Europeanfootballisyedin80countries, itthemostpopularsportintheworld. B.C. D.to逗号，且多用于表示情绪或情感反应的动词、形容词(happy,glad,sorry,sad,surprised,frightened,delighted,disappointed)之后。如：I’msurprisedtoseeyou bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtostayanothertwodaysoffthe B.C.Tobe D.Having inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontof B.HavingC. D.To hisephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithNot B.KnowingC.Nothavingknown D.HavingnotknownAtthattime,IfoundhimcryingintheIamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsuchalongtime.Themankeptthethief’shandstied.HewascaughtWhenfacedwithdifficulties,weshallneverloseheart.Becarefulwhilecrossingthestreet.Whenaskedhowshebecameastraight-Astudent,LucysaiditwasthroughhardHavingdone/havingbeendone作状语时，常跟“for+时间段”或者“几次”这样的时间状语连Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestilldidnotknowhowtodoit.HavinglivedinBeijingformanyyears,Carterknewthecitywell.表示意义。例如：Ihaveameetingtoattend.(toattendI有主谓关系)Givehimsomebookstoread.toreadhim有主谓关系)逻辑上的主谓关系，不定式所指的并非是you的动作，所以仍要用形式tobetaken表示意义当不定式在"Therebe..."句型中用作定语修饰主语而表示意义时，一般情况下，既可以用主动形式，也可以用形式。在口语中用主动形式的时候一些。如：Thereisnotimetolose(tobeTherearestillmanythingstotakecareof(tobetakencaredifficulthard,easy,funny,important,impossible,strange等。如：MaryiseasytoNotallthefoodisgoodtoeat.enoughtoo连用。不定Hissuitcaseistooheavytocarry.(tobeThisisaneasyquestionto少数动词不定式在句中作表语时，虽与句中主语有逻辑上的动宾关系，但常用主动形式表示意义。但这类句子并不多见，有人认为这种不定式结构的用法是"古英语的残余"blame,let等。例如：Thehouseistorent.但是，具有对比意义时，仍用形式。如：Theroomistoberented,nottobeIcan’tmakeitbecauseIhavemountainsofworktoTheyonlyhadasmallcoldhousetolivein.(介词in不能被省略)Theyareluckyenoughtohavesucha todependon.Doyouhaveanythingtodoyoutodo有主谓关系Doyouhaveanythingtobedone?(youtodo没有主谓关系)DoyouhaveanytoDoyouhaveanythingtobebought?Doyouhaveanythingtotype?Doyouhaveanythingtobestress（drawtight）=；紧com-parepearPar=equal(com共同+pare)放在一起比a+peal辟谣，一再辟谣就是呼吁大家不要相信peal大声发出ap加强=con--taintaintaintare-一再地moveimport进口ancebehave有是有用的，总是干有用的，所以是表现，守规矩advance死，近期弟弟的生意/ancevent走ance+vent=vanceadvanceprac比赛cal抠，婆婆在炒菜比赛中抠细节，赢得了最佳实用奖怕所以对他的是实际的uselessrelat=out，bringlate比较法：learn与earn，学习learn是让（let）我们赚钱词根词缀法：de加强+termin界限=加强界限=下决心a-，ware=watch，看的状态=明白的，知道的“联想拆分法：bar酒吧，gain收获，在酒吧里获利=；讨价还价谐音法“八根，一次买八根的，要讨价还价“比较法：rule和rude，原则rule的人是粗鲁的词根词缀法：a形容词前缀+shame羞愧=比较法：shamen/v羞愧；shameful的；shameless的；ashamed羞愧词根词缀法：an加在同辅音字母的词根前，表加强，一再+nounce说话=通告，宣布比较法：pronounce发音，denounce，announce宣布等都和说话有关联想拆分法：em（恶魔）+pl（漂亮）+oy（ohyeah）+ment（名词后缀）=Oh，yeah，雇佣了一个漂亮的谐音法：俺拿来试试，分析谐音法：赢得科举，鼓励你赢得科举谐音法：看门的，看门的老头喜欢评论别人谐音法：爬走，爬着走？这让我很困谐音法：我的妈呀，好羡慕AheavyraininBeijingthissummerdestroyed1,400homesinFangshanDistrict, thelifeof800,000A.to B. C. D.havingFrenchauthorLeClezjo,abrilliantnovelist asachildofallcontinents,wontheNobelPrizeinli tureinOctober,2008.A. B. C.being D.havingHehurriedtothebookingofficeonly thatalltheticketshadbeensoldA. B.tobe D. ephonenumberore-mailaddress,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithA.Notknowing B.Nottoknow C.Notknown D.Nothavingknown5.Lincoln’sspeechisso thatpeoplewere tofightagainstslavery.A.inspiring, B.inspiring,C.inspired, D.inspired,Bird'ssingingissometimesawarningtoother A. B. C. D.toNothavingfinished towatchA.motherforbade B.sohewasC.he D.hewasJeremy’sfansin aregoingcrazyaboutthis2-year-oldHarvardgraduate, it’sabreakthroughinAmericanbasketballhistory.A. B. C.having D.toClairehadherluggage anhourbeforeherneA.check B.checking C.tocheck D.checked10.Theyers fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.A. B.to C. D.havingThevillagers, atthesceneoftheearthquake,wereatalossastohowtohandletheA. B. C. D.having—Whydidyougobacktothe—Ileftmy A. B.to C. 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alotofScientistshavecreatedtheworld’ssmallest“snowman”, aboutafifthofthewidthofahumanA.measuring B.measures C.measured D.tomeasure therightkindoftraining,theseyoungmenmaygrowintothetop-classfootballyers． B.Given C.Togive D.Havinggiven—Whysoserious,—Nothing.Iwasjustthinkingabouttheproblem A.tobe B.being D.willbeWithno ,hewenttobedA.to B.tobe C. D.being intheburning ，thegirlcouldn'thelpA.TrapB.Being C. D.HavingHavingfinishedthework, itwasalmostsixsupperwasapostmancameanddeliveredsomewehadarestandthenhad outhowtoputourfurniture,orwe'llhavetowaitforanotherweektomoveA. B.To C. D.答案：1- 6- 二.AgroupofgraduatesgottogethertovisittheirolduniversityTheconversationsoonturnedintocomintsabout inworkandlife.Toofferhisgueststhe2 wenttothekitchenandreturnedwithalargepotofcoffeeandavarietyof —porcelain,stic,glass,crystal,some4 ,someexpensive,somedelicate—lingthemtohelpthemselvestothe Whenallthestudents acupofcoffeeinhand,theprofessorsaid,"Ifyouhave7 ,allthenice-lookingexpensivecupshavebeentakenup, theinandcheapones.Whileitis foryoutowantonlythebestforyourselves,thatisthe ofyourproblemsandstress.""Beassuredthatthecupitselfaddsno11 tothecoffee.Inmostcasesitisjustmoreexpensiveandinsomecaseseven12whatwedrink.""Whatallofyoureallywantiscoffee, thecup,butyou14 wentforthebestcups…Andthenyoubegan15 eachother'scups.""Nowconsider16 :Lifeisthecoffee;thejobs,moneyandpositioninsocietyarethecups.Theyarejusttoolstoholdandcontain17 ,andthetypeofcupwehavedoesnotdetermine,nor thequalityoflifewelive.Sometimes,byconcentratingonlyonthecup,we toenjoythecoffee.Fullyappreciatethecoffee,notthecups!Don'tletthecups you...enjoythecoffeeinstead."1.A.B.C.D.2.A.B.C.3.A.B.C.D.4.A.in-B.C.5.A.B.C.D.6.A.B.C.D.7.A.B.C.8.A.leavingB.fallingC.leavingD.falling9.A.B.C.10.A.B.C.D.11.A.B.C.D.12.A.B.C.D.13.A.moreB.lessC.otherD.rather14.A.B.C.D.15.A.B.C.D.16.A.B.C.D.17.A.B.C.D.18.A.B.C.D.19.A.B.C.D.20.A. B. C. D.答案：1-5 6-10 16-三.AIoncedidayearofvoluntaryserviceinaresidentialhomeforpeoplewithlearningdisabilities.ItwassetinanEnglishvillagedeepinthecountryside,quitedifferentfrommyhomeinSweden.Oneofmyfellowvolunteers,agirlfromTanzania,seemedalittleunhappy,soIaskedwhattheproblemwas.Shetoldmeshehadafriendbackhomewhohadfinancialdifficultiesandmaybeitwasimpossibleforhertocompleteheruniversitycourses.SothisfriendofminehadsentallhermoneytoTanzaniatosupportherfriend!Thismeantthatshedidn'thavemuchfoodtoeatandnomoneytogoanywhereoutsidethevillage.IwassotouchedandIfeltIhadtodosomething.So,duringmynexttriptooneofthenearbytownsIwalkedintoashop.Ididn’thavemuchmoneyleftmyselfbutIthoughtI'dbuyheranextraboxofchocolatewebothlikedandsomerice.Istartedtalkingtothewoman（alsoavolunteer）workingintheshopandeventuallytoldheraboutmyfriend.Thewomanlookedatme,amazed.“Doessheeatpasta?”sheasked.“Yes,”Ireplied.Sheimmediaystartedloadingabagwithpasta,s,andotherthingsuntilthebagwasfull.“Giveherthisforme.It’smytreat!’’Icouldn’tbelieveitbutacceptedwithhappiness.AsIlefttheshoptogohomewithmyunexpectedbagoffood,Iaskedthewomanhername.“JustGloria,”shesaid.Imaginemyfriend’sfacewhenIarrangedthegiftsonmykitchentableandfetchedherfromherroomtoIhadneverseenhersohappy!AfewweekslatershefoundGloriaintheshopandthankedherinThesetwoextraordinarywomenreallyshowedmewhattruekindnessandcompassion（同情）are,andtheimpressionwillstaywithmefortherestofmylife!Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph1probablyreferstothethewriter'stheresidentialayearofvoluntaryWhydidthegirlfromTanzaniaseemalittleBecauseshehadtostophervoluntaryBecauseshehadnomoneytobuyfoodorotherBecauseshehadspentallhermoneyonfoodandBecauseherfriendinTanzaniamaybehadtoquitschoolforlackofWhydidthewriterhelpthegirlfromBecausethewriterwasaBecausetheylivedinthesameBecausethewriterwasmovedbyherkindBecausethewriterdidn’twishshewentFromthetext,weknow thewriterwasfromthewriterwasauniversitystudentfromGloriawasfromSwedenandwasverykindtothethewritervolunteeredtohelppeoplewithlearningBNotbeingthegreatestfanintheworldofliveperformance,ItookadeepbreathbeforeIenteredthebuilding,thecastletheatre,andpreparedmyselftobebored,expectingtofinditmoreinterestingtowatchtheaudiencethantheshow.ThenIgottheshockofmylife.WadaikoInchiroareagroupoftenyoungJapanesemenandwomenusingtraditionaldrumswithahistorygoingbackmorethan1500years.Thedrumswereonceusedforfestivalsandreligiousceremoniesandalsoasameansofcommunicationduringwars.Todaytheygiveanear-blastingperformancewhichpunchesoutrhythmswiththepowertowindyou.They'rea erelieffromtheScottishpipers.Unlikeotherperformances,thebestseatsareatthebackofthehouse.Notonlywillyourearsbeprotectedfromfullblast,butyouwillgetafantasticviewofthewholeset.Onstagearesomeofthebiggestdrumsyouwilleverseeandacastwearingred,whiteandblackheadscarf.Therehadbeenalmostnopublicityfortheshow,butthehousewasfullofpeopledesperate,onecouldonlyassume,forsomethingabitdifferentfromtheunrelentingperformancesappearingatthisworld-famousfestival.Thesolid60-minutesshowstartsasitmeanstogoon.Thedrumsrumbleintofever-pitchactionastheten-strongstriketheirstickswithstartlingcontrol.Theirrhythmicfrenzyalmostimmediaydrugsyouintosubmission.Trappedinsidethebeatingofthedrums,youcarriedswiftlythroughwarriorwarcriestoemotionalrhapsodies（狂想曲）.Notonl