八年级英语下册Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame短语语法知识点汇总

Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame一、必背短语SectionA部分1.在„的时候atthetimeof2.（闹钟）响铃gooff3.接（电话）pickup4.进人梦乡；睡着fallasleep5.拍打„beatagainst„6.确信；确认makesure7.逐渐变弱；逐渐消失diedown8.醒来wakeup9.一团糟inamess10.使„„分离break„apart11.错过公交车missthebus12.洗热水澡takeahotshowerSectionB部分1.在路边bythesideoftheroad2.走路经过walkby3.在某人去„„的路上makeone'swayto„4.历史上的重大事件importanteventsinhistory5.沉默；无声insilence6.最近地；新近morerecently7.拆除；摧毁takedown&对„„有意义havemeaningto9.记得做过某事rememberdoingsth.10.首先；最初atfirst11.实话说totellthetruth12.其余的，其他的therestof【教材内容解析】SectionAWhatwereyoudoingyesterdayatthetimeoftherainstorm?(P.33)此句是过去进行时，表示过去某个时候正在发生的动作，结构为：was/weredoingsth.。TheywerewatchingTVatnineo'clocklastnight.Myalarmdidn'tgooffso...(P.34)gooff此处表示“发出响声”，还可以表示“爆炸、离开、停止运转”。Thealarmwentoffat7a.m.yesterday.Abombwentoffjustnow.Dannydecidedgooffonhisown.Icalledatsevenandyoudidn'tpickup(P.34)pickup意为“接电话”，相当于 answerthephone。Whydon'tyoupickup/answerthephone?【拓展】pickup还可以表示“捡起、开车接送”。Mypenisunderyourdesk.Canyoupickitupforme?Canyoupickmeupatthestation?Icalledagainateightandyoudidn'tanswertheneither. (P.34)also,too,aswell与either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。also放在句中行为动词前， be动词、助动词和情态动词之后。Healsowantstogo.too用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗号隔开。Hewantstogo,either.aswell用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗号隔开。Hewantstogoaswell.either用于否定句句末。Hedoesn'twanttogoeither5.Withnolightoutsideitfeltlikemidnight.(P.35)(1)with这里用作介词，表示伴随状况，意为“由于、因为”。WithJohnaway,there'smoreroominthehouse.(2)feellike表示“感觉像、感觉好似”Theinterviewonlytooktenminutes,butitfeltlikehours.【拓展】feellike还可以表示“想要”，后接动词时，用 doing的形式。Hedidn'tfeellikegoingswimming.Ben'sdadwasputtingpiecesofwoodoverthewindowswhilehismomwasmakingsuretheflashlightsandradiowereworking.(P.35)makesure意为“确保”，后接 of短语或者that从句。Itriedtomakesureoftheproblem.Makesurethatnoonefindsoutaboutit.Shealsoputsomecandlesandmatchesonthetable.(P.35)match此处用作名词，表示“火柴”。Don'tletyourchildrenplaywithmatches.【拓展】 match用作名词还可以表示“比赛”，用作动词，意为“般配”。Ourteamwonthefootballgame.Thispairofshoesmatchyourdresswell.Benwashelpinghismommakedinnerwhentherainbegantobeatheavilyagainstthewindows.(P.35)beat用作动词，表示“敲打、拍打”，还可以表示“战胜、打败”，宾语是对手。Theybeatdrumstocheeruptheplayers.Ibeatheratswimmingyesterday.against用作介词，表示“碰、撞”。Therainbeatagainstthewindows.【拓展】against用作介词，还可以表示“倚着、靠着”或者“反对”。Theworkerputtheleaderagainstthewall.Wewererowingagainstthecurrent.Theyareagainstbuildingafactoryhere.Hefinallyfellasleepwhenthewindwasdyingdownataround3:00a.m.(P.35)diedown意为“逐渐变弱、逐渐消失”。Thewindfinallydieddown.Whenhewokeupthesunwasrising(P.35)

wakesb.up意为“把某人唤醒”， wakeup意为“醒来”。Hismotheroftenwakeshimupat6:00inthemorning.Iusuallywakeupat6:30.rise(rose,risen,rising)不及物动词，意为“升起，上升”辨析:rise与raiserise不及物动词意为“升起， 上升”Thewaterintheriverroseaftertheheavyrain.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.raise及物动词意为“提高，筹集，抬高，举起”Theworkerwantthebosstoraisetheirwages(工资) .Theteacherasksustoraiseourhandsifwehavequestions.Weshouldtryourbesttoraisemoremoneyforthepoorfamily.Althoughthestormbrokemanythingsapart,itbroughtfamiliesandneighborsclosertogether.(P.35)break...apart意为“把„„折断；把„„分开”。Thestrongwindbrokethebranchesapart.Rumorsbrokethetwoclosefriendsapart.SectionBKaterealizedherbagwasstillathome.(P.37)realize用作及物动词，意为“理解、领会、意识到”，后接名词、代词或者从句作宾语。Hedidn'trealizehismistake.Themanlaughedwhenherealizedwhathappened.Whentheschoolbasketballcompetitionstarted,Katewasstillmakingherwaytoschool.(P.38)makeone'swayto意为“前往„„”，后接表示地点的名词。Weslowlymadeourwaytothemallthroughthecrowd.RobertAllenisnowover50,buthewasaschoolpupilatthattime.(P.38)over此处表示“超过、多于”，相当于 morethan。ShestayedinLagosforoveramonth.Heisoversixty.Wewereeatingdinnerinthekitchenwhenweheardthenewsontheradio(P.38)ontheradio表示“通过广播、通过录音机”， on此处用作介词，表示“借助、以某种方式”，后常接表示媒介的名词。SheiswatchingtheshowonTV.Myparentsdidnottalkafterthat,andwefinishedtherestofourdinnerinsilence(P.38)of后面的名词保持一致，若(1)rest此处表示“其余的部分”， therestof意为“其余的„„、其它的„„”of后面的名词保持一致，若数名词后者不可数名词，当在句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式。Therestofthemoneyisonthedesk.Someofthestudentsarereadingintheclassroomandtherestofthemareontheplayground.(2)insilence意为“沉默、无声”。Shestoodbythewindowinsilenceforalongtime.MorerecentlymostAmericansrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheWorldTradeCenterinNewYorkwastakendownbyterrorists.(P.38)recently用作副词，意为“近来、最近”，常与现在完成时连用。Haveyoucalledyourmotherrecently?takedown意为“拆除、拆掉”，还可以表示“写下、记下”。Couldyoupleasehelpmetakedownthistent?Iforgottotakedownhistelephonenumber.Ididn'tbelievehimatfirstbutthenIlookedoutofthewindowandrealizedthatitwastrue.(P.38)atfirst意为“起初、起先”，多用于句首或者句尾，暗示与后来的动作或者情况不同，与 atlast“最后、最终”相对。Theworkwashardatfirst,butIgotusedtoitlater.IwassoscaredthatIcouldhardlythinkclearlyafterthat.(P.38)hardly用作副词，表示“几乎不、几乎没有”。Shehardlyateanythingtoday.Thereishardlyanymilkleftintheridge.Katedidn'tthinkherfriendwastellingthetruthabouttheevent.(P.39)truth用作名词，表示“实情、事实”， totellthetruth表示“说实话”，放在句中作插入语，用逗号同句子其它成分隔开。Imusttellyouthetruth.【语法讲解】

过去进行时基本概念：过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外 ,一般用时间状语来表示。结构was/were(not)+动词-ing句式肯定式：I/He/She/Itwasworking.We/You/They/wereworking.否定式:I/He/She/Itwasnotworking.We/You/They/werenotworking.疑问式和简略回答:WasIworking?Yes,youwere.No,youwerenot.Wereyouworking?Yes,Iwas.No,Iwasnot.Washe/she/itworking?Yes,he/she/itwas.No,he/she/itwasnot.