2022-2023学年福建省泉州市晋峰中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析

2022-2023学年福建省泉州市晋峰中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Helenlookedat

finishedreportwith

satisfaction．

A．a;/

B．the;/

C．a;the

D．the;an参考答案：略2.Ourpsychologyteacherseemsunabletoexplaineverythinginaway____makessensetous.A.inwhich

B.ofwhich

C.

/

D.that参考答案：D3.Theproposalsdeservesupportastheneedsofchildrenshouldbegiven________to.A.priority B.preference

C.privilege

D.promotion参考答案：A4.MarketresearchcompanyGFKconductedthestudy,which

thatonly53%ofAmericansactivelyenjoytheirjobs,and15%activelydislikethem.

A.exaggerated B.revealed C.recommended D.contradicted参考答案：24.B。题意为：市场研究公司GFK主持了这项研究，结果显示，美国只有53%的人很享受自己的工作，15%的人讨厌他们的工作。根据句意可知选B。

5.Isettwogoalsformystudythisyear.Whilethesecondoneisevenmoreurgentthanthefirst,ofthemiseasyforme.A.none B.one C.either D.neither参考答案：D考查不定代词。句意:今年我为我的学习设定了两个目标,尽管第二个比第一个更加紧迫,但是两个目标对我来说都不容易。两者的否定用neither,故选D项。10.Thetimeisnotfaraway________moderncommunicationswillbecomewidespreadinChina’svastcountryside.A.that

B.until

C.before

D.when参考答案：D7.Parents’toppriorityistohelptheirkidsdeveloptheabilitytoshow_______intheirchoicesoffriends.A.combination B.admirationC.inspiration D.discrimination参考答案：D【详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.combination结合；B.admiration钦佩；C.inspiration灵感；

D.discrimination区别、识别。句意：父母的首要任务是帮助他们的孩子发展在选择朋友时的识别能力。根据句意可知此处表示“识别”，故D项正确。8.Anoptimisticpersonusuallyholdsout____________morepressurethananervousone．A．against

B．across

C．above

D．around参考答案：A9.Itwas

hegothome

Michaelrealizedhelosthiskeys.A．when;then

B．not;until

C．only;when

D．notuntil;that参考答案：D10.Thevisitoraskedtohavehispicturetaken________stoodthefamoustower.A.where

B.atwhichC.that

D.when参考答案：A考查地点状语从句。where表示“在……的地方”，用以引导地点状语从句。注意，此题还涉及倒装，即此句的主语是thefamoustower，谓语是stood，正常词序为wherethefamoustowerstood，使用倒装是为了保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻。故选A。【名师点睛】全倒装全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1)here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be,come,go,lie,run。Theregoesthebell.Thencamethechairman.Hereisyourletter.2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。Outrushedamissilefromunderthebomber.Aheadsatanoldwoman.注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。Herehecomes.Awaytheywent.11.—I’mafraidIcan’tfinishthemagazinewithintherequiredtime.—_________.A.Pleasegoahead

B.That’srightC.Notatall

D.Takeyourtime参考答案：D试题分析句意：--恐怕在要求的时间内我不能看完这本杂志。---不着急。A.Pleasegoahead请吧，做吧；B.That’sright正确；C.Notatall一点都不；D.Takeyourtime不着急，慢慢。选D。考点：考查情景交际12.AsIpulledouta10-poundnote,myreturnticket,whichIhadthoughttobelost,slippedout________it.

A.from

B.of

C.off

D.with参考答案：D13.Theaccidentwhichleft15peopleonboarddead

ifboththeangryfemalepassengerandthebusdriverhadkeptcalm.A.shouldhaveavoided B.shouldbeavoidedC.couldhaveavoided D.couldhavebeenavoided参考答案：D【详解】考查情态动词+完成式。句意：如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静，这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。couldhavedone“本来能做而没有做”，且句子主语Theaccident和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系，结合句意可知答案为D。【点睛】情态动词+havedone结构：1.“must+have+过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.2.“can/could+have+过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：Hecan'thavefinishedtheworksosoon.3.“may/might+have+过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：Theymaynothaveknownitbeforehand.4.“need+have+过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.5.“should/oughtto+have+过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,oughtto的语气比should强一些.如：Yououghtto/shouldhavestudiedharder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）Heoughtn'tto/shouldn'thavedonethat.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）6.“would＋have＋过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或oughtto那样含有责备之意.如：Iguessthepoetwouldhavebeenabouttwentywhenshewroteherfirstpoem.Anotherworkerwouldn'thaveactedlikethat.14.----WouldyoumindifIturnedofftheairconditioner?

----______.Itmakesnodifferencetome.

A.Nevermind

B.Notatall

C.Sure,goahead

D.Whynot?参考答案：B15.We’llarrivein___________

Europeancountryinhalf___________hour.Aa;

an

Ban;an

Ca;a

Dan;a参考答案：A16.Thenewsthattheyfailedtheirdrivingtestdiscouragedhim,_____?A.didthey

B.didn’tthey

C.didit

D.didn’tit参考答案：D略二、新的题型17.Forthefirsttimein10years，theUnitedStatesgovernmenthaschangeditsguidanceonhowmuchexercisepeopleneedtostayhealthyandwhentheyshouldstart.ForchildrenandteensThenewguidancestatesthatthemostimportanttimeforchildrentobeginexercisingisbetweentheagesof3and5.___36___Thatcouldbelightactivities，moderateactivities，orevenvigorous(剧烈的)activities.Doctorssayitisimportanttostartyoung.Theyaddthatfrombirthtoage5，achild’sbraindevelopsmorethanatanyothertimeinlife.___37___Also，childrenwhostartexercisingatayoungagearemorelikelytoestablishhealthybehaviorstheywillcontinueintoadulthood.Butthatdoesnotmeanputtingasmallkidonatreadmill(跑步机)orotherexerciseequipment.___38___

Afterall，it'sakid’snaturetoplayfreelyandhappily.___39___Butitshouldn’tbelessthanonehouradaythreetimesaweek.Theiractivitiesshouldmostlybeaerobic(有氧的)exercise，suchasbiking，swimmingorrunning，whichcanstrengthentheheartandlungs.Suchexerciseshouldalsoincludemuscle-and-bone-strengtheningactivities；suchasclimbingtreesorplaygroundequipmentandplayingsports.ForadultsForadults，theguidelinesrecommendexercising150minutesaweek.Thatcouldbewalking，gardening，dancing，etc.___40___Expertssaythatevenshortamountsofaerobicexercisecanprovidehealthbenefits，suchasloweringbloodpressure，reducinganxietyandimprovingsleep.A.Anykindofactivitythatgetspeopleexercisingwilldo.B.Aerobicactivityworksonlyifitlastsforatleast10minutes.C.Simplygivingakidthetimeandspacetoplayactivelyisenough.D.Childrenabove5canhavealyshortertimefordailyexercise.E.Childreninthisagerangerequireaboutthreehours’activeactivitiesdaily.F.Attainingthehealthbenefitsfromexercisemaybeharderthanearlierthought.G.Thesedevelopmentshavea1astingeffectonachild’sabilitytosucceedinlife.参考答案：36.E

37.G

38.C

39.D

40.A本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国政府对儿童、年轻人以及成年人锻炼时间新的指导要求。【36题详解】横线前面一句中“themostimportanttimeforchildrentobeginexercisingisbetweentheagesof3and5.”告诉我们儿童要在3-5岁之间开始锻炼。本句顺接上句说明此年龄段儿童所需要锻炼的具体时长，E项“Childreninthisagerangerequireaboutthreehours’activeactivitiesdaily.”内容与之吻合。故选择E项。【37题详解】横线前面一句“Theyaddthatfrombirthtoage5，achild’sbraindevelopsmorethanatanyothertimeinlife.”告诉我们从出生到5岁之间，儿童的脑部要比其他任何时间发展得更多。而且这段时间的脑部发育对儿童的影响更大，G项“Thesedevelopmentshavea1astingeffectonachild’sabilitytosucceedinlife.”内容与上下文吻合。故选择G项。【38题详解】横线前一后“Butthatdoesnotmeanputtingasmallkidonatreadmill(跑步机)orotherexerciseequipment.”和后一句“Afterall，it'sakid’snaturetoplayfreelyandhappily.”告诉我们不必使用专用设备让孩子锻炼，只需要让孩子自由快乐的玩耍即可。C项“Simplygivingakidthetimeandspacetoplayactivelyisenough.”符合上下文语境。故选择C项。【39题详解】横线后一句“Butitshouldn’tbelessthanonehouradaythreetimesaweek.”告诉我们这一阶段孩子的锻炼时间不能少于一周三次，每次不能少于一小时。文章2、3段介绍的是5岁的儿童所需要的锻炼时间，本段说明的应该是5岁以上的孩子所需要的锻炼时间。D项“Childrenabove5canhavealyshortertimefordailyexercise.”符合上下文语境。故选择D项。【40题详解】本段前面两句“Foradults，theguidelinesrecommendexercising150minutesaweek.Thatcouldbewalking，gardening，dancing，etc.”告诉我们对于成年人来说一周锻炼150分钟即可，锻炼可以为散步、园艺跳舞等任何形式，只要动起来即可。A项“Anykindofactivitythatgetspeopleexercisingwilldo.”符合上下文语境。故选择A项。三、阅读理解18.Beautyhasalwaysbeenregardedassomethingpraiseworthy.Almosteveryonethinksattractivepeoplearehappierandhealthier，havebettermarriagesandhavemorerespectableoccupations.Personalconsultantsgivethembetteradviceforfindingjobs.Evenjudgesaresofteronattractivedefendants(被告)．Butintheexecutivecircle，beautycanbecomealiability.Whileattractivenessisapositivefactorforamanonhiswayuptheexecutiveladder，itisharmfultoawoman.Handsomemaleexecutiveswerethoughtashavingmoreintegritythanplainermen；effortandabilitywerethoughttoaccountfortheirsuccess.Attractivefemaleexecutiveswereconsideredtohavelessintegritythanunattractiveones；theirsuccesswasattributednottoabilitybuttofactorssuchasluck.Allunattractivewomenexecutiveswerethoughttohavemoreintegrityandtobemorecapablethantheattractivefemaleexecutives.Interestingly，though，theriseoftheunattractiveovernightsuccesseswasattributedmoretopersonalrelationshipsandlesstoabilitythanthatofattractiveovernightsuccesses.Whyareattractivewomennotthoughttobeable？Anattractivewomanisthoughttobemorefeminineandanattractivemanmoremasculine(有男子气概的)thanthelessattractiveones.Thus，anattractivewomanhasanadvantageintraditionallyfemalejobs，butanattractivewomaninatraditionallymasculinepositionappearstolackthe“masculine”qualitiesrequired.Thisistrueeveninpolitics.“Whentheonlyclueishowheorshelooks，peopletreatmenandwomendifferently，”saysAnneBowman，whorecentlypublishedastudyontheeffectsofattractivenessonpoliticalcandidates.Sheasked125undergraduatestudentstoranktwogroupsofphotographs，oneofmenandoneofwomen，inorderofattractiveness.Thestudentsweretoldthephotographswereofcandidatesforpoliticaloffices.Theywereaskedtorankthemagain，intheordertheywouldvoteforthem.Theresultss