Unit+4+Reading+课件【 知识精讲+ 能力提升 】 高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册

新牛津译林版高中英语必修三

Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld

ReadingReadingGuessStephen

Hawking1942-2018graduatedfromUniversityofOxfordandUniversityofCambridgehadtositinawheelchairbecauseofthediseasecalledALSIsaacNewtonafamousBritishphysicistInventedthereflectingtelescopeYuanLongpingAChinesescientistwhowasawardedwiththeMedaloftheRepublicAwell-knownagriculturalscientistTheFatherofHybridriceTuYouyouAChinesefemalescientistChinesescientistwins2015NobelPrizeReadingReadforstructureExpositionNarrationC.NewsreportWhatisthegenreofthiswriting?√StructureInvertedPyramidHeadlineLeadBodyTailPara.1:TuYouyouwonaNobelPrizein2015forherdiscoveryofqinghaosu.Part1TheleadPart2BodyPara.2:Paras.3-5:Para.6:Part3TailTuYouyouandherteam’seffortsfinallypaidoff.

TuYouyouacquiredabroadknowledgeofbothtraditionalChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine.TuYouyouandherteamsolvedalotofproblemsbeforetheysuccessfullydiscoveredqinghaosu.19301951-551969197119722015borninNingbo,ZJProvincestudiedmedicineatuniversityinBeijingbecameheadofateamthatintendedtofindacureformalariasucceededinmakingqinghaoextractthatcouldtreatmalariainmicesuccessfullydiscoveredqinghaosuwontheNobelPrizeRead

for

detailed

informationRead

for

detailed

informationLead(Para.1)Whatinformationcanyougetfromthelead?Who?What?Why? TuYouyouhasbecomethefirstfemalescientistofthePeople’sRepublicofChinatoreceiveaNobelPrize,awardedforhercontributiontothefightagainstmalaria,oneofthedeadliestdiseasesinhumanhistory.A.AttributiveB.AppositionC.AdverbialTip:Youcanuseanappositiontoexplainaterm,thusmakingiteasiertounderstand.Acommaoradashisoftenputbeforetheexplanation.Body(Para.2-5)WhatefforthadTuYouyoumadetofindacureformalariabeforeproducinganypromisingresults?Shecollectedover2,000traditionalChinesemedicalrecipesformalariatreatmentandmadehundredsofextractsfromdifferentherbs.Read

for

detailed

informationProblemsSolutionsTheextractsfailedtoproduceanypromisingresults.Tuandherteamcouldnotproduceenoughqinghaoextractbecauseresearchresourceswerelimited.Tuandherteamdidnothavesufficientsafetydatatostarttrialsonpatients.TuYouyoureferredtotheancientbooks…nottodamageitseffectivepart.TuYouyouandherteammanagedtofindsolutionstotheproblem,e.g.usinghouseholdwatercontainersinsteadofresearchequipment.TuYouyouandherteamvolunteeredtotesttheqinghaoextractonthemselves.Appreciatethewriting

techniqueWhat’sthefunctionofthissentence?Itservesasatransitionalsentence.ItmovesfromTu’seducationalbackground(para.2)to“Tu’ssuccessinmakingqinghaoextract”(para.3).coherentlogicaleducationCanyoufindothertransitionalsentencesusedinthebodypartandanalyzetheirfunction?However,itwashardtoproduceenoughqinghaoextractforlargetrialsbecauseresearchresourceswerelimited.ItmovesfromTu’ssuccessinmakingqinghaoextractto“theprocessofmakingenoughqinghaoextractsforlargetrials”.FunctionEvenwithlargeamountsofqinghaoextractproduced,however,theystillfacedanotherproblem.FunctionItmovesfromTu’ssuccessin“makingenoughqinghaoextractforlargetrials”tothenewproblemtheteamwasfacing--nosufficientsafetydata.Read

for

detailed

informationTail(Para.6)1.Whatcontributionhasqinghaosumade?Asakeypartofmanymalariamedicine,qinghaosuhassincebenefitedabout200millionmalariapatients.2.Whatdidsheencouragescientiststodo?SheencouragedscientiststofurtherexplorethetreasurehouseoftraditionalChinesemedicineandraiseittoahigherlevel.Read

for

thinking1.WhatqualitiesdidTuYouyoushowasascientist?Usedetailsfromthenewsreporttosupportyourideas.(Pair-work)AGoodScientistWell-educatedStrong-mindedWillingtosacrificedetermineddevotedpersistent……

2.What

qualitiesdoesagoodscientisthave?(Group-work)3.TuYouyouisthefirstChinesefemalescientisttowinaNobelPrize.Inyouropinion,whatisthesignificanceofthisachievement?(Group-work) TuYouyou’sachievementhasearnedinternationalrecognitionoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Asafemalescientist,Tuhasalsoinspiredyoungfemalescientiststoworkhardertoachievetheirdreams.Role-playHaveanimaginary

talk

with

Tu

Youyou.ImagineyouwereTuYouyou.Whatwouldyoutelltheyoungstudents?ImagineyouweretalkingtoTuYouyou.Whatwouldyoutellher?Greetings.Whatdifficultiesyouhave

overcome.Expressyourexpectationsand

encouragement.Greetingsandyour

feelings.Whatyoucanlearnfromher

qualities.Whatareyougoingtodointhefuture?Tu’sspeechattheNobelPrizeceremony Chinesemedicineandpharmacologyareagreattreasure-house.Weshouldexplorethemandraisethemtoahigherlevel.

Languagepoints1.…malariapatientsallovertheworldnowhavehadagreatlyincreasedchanceofsurvival.

survivaln.

thestateofcontinuingtoliveorexist生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物egIllegalhuntingisthreateningthesurvivalofthespecies.非法狩猎正威胁到物种的生存。

【拓展】

survivev.

活下来，幸存survivorn.幸存者，生还者【学法点拨】survive——survival幸存refuse——refusal拒绝arrive——arrival到达approve——approval赞成v.+-aln.2.…andin1969Tendvt.&vi.tohavesomethinginyourmindasaplanorpurpose想要，计划；意指egShe

intendstodoAlevelsandgotouniversity.她计划先参加高级考试，然后去读大学。

Whatdidheintendbythatremark?

他说那话是什么意思?【拓展】

intentionn.意图,目的;打算havenointentionofdoingsth.无意做某事;不打算做某事【归纳】intendsb.todosth.打算让某人做某事intendtodo/doingsth.打算做某事beintendedfor

打算供……之用【语境应用】完成句子。1)Theuniversityisknownforitslanguageandculturecourses_________(intend)forinternationalstudents.2)Ihaveno__________(intend)ofretiringjustyet.3)I______________________asavolunteerinanenvironmentalprotectionorganizationduringthesummerholidays我打算暑假期间在一个环保组织做志愿者。intendedintentionintendworking/towork

3.TureferredtotheancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicineagain.referto:

①tolookatabook,map,pieceofpaperetcforinformation查阅，参考egHegavethespeechwithoutreferringtohisnotes.他不看讲稿发表了演讲。

②tomentionorspeakaboutsomeoneorsomething提到，谈及egWeagreednevertorefertothematteragain.我们同意永远不再提这件事。③Ifwritingorinformationreferstosomeoneorsomething,itrelatestothatpersonorthing

涉及……；与……相关egThefiguresrefertooursalesinEurope.这些数字是我们在欧洲的销售额。【拓展】

1)refersth.to...把……提交给……refertosb.指的是某人referto...as

把……称为

2)referencen.提及；谈到；参考；查阅

in/withreferenceto...

关于……【语境应用】翻译下面句子。1)

Idon'twanttorefertothismatteranymore.2)Refertothedictionarywhenyoudon'tknowhowtospellaword.3)IknewtheteacherwasreferringtoBillwhenshespokeofabrightboyinourclass.我再也不想提这件事了。

当你不知道怎么拼写一个词时，查阅一下词典。当老师谈到我们班里的一个聪明的男孩时，我知道她指的是Bill。根据汉语提示补全下列句子。4)Ifyoudon’tknowwhatthismeans,_____________________(去查字典).5)Marcia_______________________________.(把Jerry称作好朋友)语法填空6)Pleasesonotincludecovers.Alistof__________(refer)mustbeincluded.refertothedictionary

referredtoJerryasadearfriendreferences4.…becauseresearchresourceswerelimited.limitedadj.

notverygreatinamount,number,abilityetc有限的egThereareonlyalimitednumberofticketsavailable.门票数量有限。【拓展】limitn.

界限；限度

v.

限制，限定limitationn.限制；控制【拓展】limit...to...

把……限制在……范围内belimitedto...局限于……atime/speed/agelimit时间/速度/年龄限制withinlimits在某种程度上;有一定限制setalimiton

对……加以限制beyondthelimit超过限度vt.n.【语境应用】完成句子。1)MywifeandI

__________

(定了一个限额)onhowmuchwespendonclothes.2)I______________twocupsofcoffeeaday.

我一天只允许自己喝两杯咖啡。3)Theytoldusthatwecoulddowhateverweliked,

___________________

(在一定限度内).setalimitlimitmyselftowithin

(certain)

limits5.Thetrialsonpatientswerelikelytobepostponedbecausetheydidnothavesufficientsafetydata.

postponevt.todelayaneventandplanordecidethatitshouldhappenatalaterdateortime延迟，延期egTheydecidedto

postpone

theirholiday

until

nextyear.他们决定将假期延后到来年。postpone,putoff相同点不同点postpone在表示“推迟某事”时，可以互换。如：Theflightwaspostponed/putoffduetobadweather.由于天气不好，航班被推迟了。postpone动作主体是人，表示有意识地推迟，延迟的时间确定。如：Becauseofheavyrain,wehavedecidedtopostponeoursportsmeetinguntilnextMonday.

由于下大雨，

我们已经决定把运动会推迟到下周一。putoffputoff强调“拖延时间”，指因客观原因造成的拖延或主观上有意的拖延。如：You’realwaysputtingoffthings.Youshouldgetridofthisbadhabit.

你做事总是拖拉，你得克服这个坏习惯。【语境应用】用postpone,putoff的适当形式填空。1)Ouronlinemeetingwas________________foranhourbyapowercut.2)He_________________goingto

Beijing

forhisholidaybecauseanurgentthinghadhappened.3)Don’t_________________makingthearrangementsuntilthelastminute.postponed/putoff

postponed

putoff6.Tospeeduptheprocessandensureitssafety…speedup:tomoveorhappenfaster,ortomakesomethingmoveorhappenfaster

(使)加速egThetruckspeededupgoingdownthehill.卡车在下山时加快了速度。

【反义短语】slowdown

减速，慢下来【拓展】ataspeedof以……的速度athigh/low/full/topspeed以高/低/全/最快速speedby(时间)很快地过去，飞逝【语境应用】用speed相关短语的适当形式完成句子。1)显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们尽快实现我们的目标。Obviously,agoodlearninghabitcanhelpusto________________________________.2)既然他以每小时60英里的速度开车，那么事故是怎样发生的呢？Howdidtheaccidentcomeaboutsincehedrove______________________________?speeduptoreachourdestinations

ataspeedofsixtymilesperhour7.TheeffortsofTuandherteamfinallypaidoff.payoff:

①ifsomethingyoudopaysoff,itissuccessfulorhasagoodresult成功，凑效，达到目的egAllherhardworkpaidoffintheend,andshefinallypassedtheexam.她的所有努力最终有了收获——她终于通过了考试。

②togivesomeoneallthemoneyyouowethem付清（还清）债务egI'll

payoff

allmy

debts

first.首先我要还清欠款。③topaysomeonetheirwagesandtellthemtheynolongerhaveajob付清工资解雇某人egTwohundredworkershavebeenpaidoff.两百名工人拿到工资被解雇了。注意：payoff意为“取得成功；奏效”时，物作主语；

意为“偿清，付清”时，人作主语【拓展】pay短语

payforsth.为某事吃苦头或受惩罚;花钱买某物

payback偿还;报复

payattentionto注意

payavisitto访问paydown(分期或部分)支付；偿还payup付清全部欠款【语境应用】用pay的相关短语完成句子。Myhardworkfinally_________whentheycalledmeforaninterview.2)Iwill___________thebookwhatevertheprice.3)HowcanI________you________forallyourkindness?4)I___________Mr.andMrs.Smithyesterdayafternoon.payfor

paidoffpaybackpaidavisitto8.…willindeeddiscovermoremedicinesbeneficialtoglobalhealthcare.

beneficialadj.

havingagoodeffect有益的，有用的

bebeneficialto对……有益egCyclingis

highlybeneficial

tohealthandtheenvironment.骑自行车对于身体和环境大有裨益。【拓展】benefitv.使受益；得益于n.益处，好处beofbenefitto对……有好处forsb.’sbenefit

为了帮助某人benefitfrom/by受益于……,从……中得到好处【学法点拨】bebeneficialto=beofbenefit