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新牛津译林版高中英语必修三
Unit4Scientistswhochangedtheworld
ReadingReadingGuessStephen
Hawking1942-2018graduatedfromUniversityofOxfordandUniversityofCambridgehadtositinawheelchairbecauseofthediseasecalledALSIsaacNewtonafamousBritishphysicistInventedthereflectingtelescopeYuanLongpingAChinesescientistwhowasawardedwiththeMedaloftheRepublicAwell-knownagriculturalscientistTheFatherofHybridriceTuYouyouAChinesefemalescientistChinesescientistwins2015NobelPrizeReadingReadforstructureExpositionNarrationC.NewsreportWhatisthegenreofthiswriting?√StructureInvertedPyramidHeadlineLeadBodyTailPara.1:TuYouyouwonaNobelPrizein2015forherdiscoveryofqinghaosu.Part1TheleadPart2BodyPara.2:Paras.3-5:Para.6:Part3TailTuYouyouandherteam’seffortsfinallypaidoff.
TuYouyouacquiredabroadknowledgeofbothtraditionalChinesemedicineandWesternmedicine.TuYouyouandherteamsolvedalotofproblemsbeforetheysuccessfullydiscoveredqinghaosu.19301951-551969197119722015borninNingbo,ZJProvincestudiedmedicineatuniversityinBeijingbecameheadofateamthatintendedtofindacureformalariasucceededinmakingqinghaoextractthatcouldtreatmalariainmicesuccessfullydiscoveredqinghaosuwontheNobelPrizeRead
for
detailed
informationRead
for
detailed
informationLead(Para.1)Whatinformationcanyougetfromthelead?Who?What?Why? TuYouyouhasbecomethefirstfemalescientistofthePeople’sRepublicofChinatoreceiveaNobelPrize,awardedforhercontributiontothefightagainstmalaria,oneofthedeadliestdiseasesinhumanhistory.A.AttributiveB.AppositionC.AdverbialTip:Youcanuseanappositiontoexplainaterm,thusmakingiteasiertounderstand.Acommaoradashisoftenputbeforetheexplanation.Body(Para.2-5)WhatefforthadTuYouyoumadetofindacureformalariabeforeproducinganypromisingresults?Shecollectedover2,000traditionalChinesemedicalrecipesformalariatreatmentandmadehundredsofextractsfromdifferentherbs.Read
for
detailed
informationProblemsSolutionsTheextractsfailedtoproduceanypromisingresults.Tuandherteamcouldnotproduceenoughqinghaoextractbecauseresearchresourceswerelimited.Tuandherteamdidnothavesufficientsafetydatatostarttrialsonpatients.TuYouyoureferredtotheancientbooks…nottodamageitseffectivepart.TuYouyouandherteammanagedtofindsolutionstotheproblem,e.g.usinghouseholdwatercontainersinsteadofresearchequipment.TuYouyouandherteamvolunteeredtotesttheqinghaoextractonthemselves.Appreciatethewriting
techniqueWhat’sthefunctionofthissentence?Itservesasatransitionalsentence.ItmovesfromTu’seducationalbackground(para.2)to“Tu’ssuccessinmakingqinghaoextract”(para.3).coherentlogicaleducationCanyoufindothertransitionalsentencesusedinthebodypartandanalyzetheirfunction?However,itwashardtoproduceenoughqinghaoextractforlargetrialsbecauseresearchresourceswerelimited.ItmovesfromTu’ssuccessinmakingqinghaoextractto“theprocessofmakingenoughqinghaoextractsforlargetrials”.FunctionEvenwithlargeamountsofqinghaoextractproduced,however,theystillfacedanotherproblem.FunctionItmovesfromTu’ssuccessin“makingenoughqinghaoextractforlargetrials”tothenewproblemtheteamwasfacing--nosufficientsafetydata.Read
for
detailed
informationTail(Para.6)1.Whatcontributionhasqinghaosumade?Asakeypartofmanymalariamedicine,qinghaosuhassincebenefitedabout200millionmalariapatients.2.Whatdidsheencouragescientiststodo?SheencouragedscientiststofurtherexplorethetreasurehouseoftraditionalChinesemedicineandraiseittoahigherlevel.Read
for
thinking1.WhatqualitiesdidTuYouyoushowasascientist?Usedetailsfromthenewsreporttosupportyourideas.(Pair-work)AGoodScientistWell-educatedStrong-mindedWillingtosacrificedetermineddevotedpersistent……
2.What
qualitiesdoesagoodscientisthave?(Group-work)3.TuYouyouisthefirstChinesefemalescientisttowinaNobelPrize.Inyouropinion,whatisthesignificanceofthisachievement?(Group-work) TuYouyou’sachievementhasearnedinternationalrecognitionoftraditionalChinesemedicine.Asafemalescientist,Tuhasalsoinspiredyoungfemalescientiststoworkhardertoachievetheirdreams.Role-playHaveanimaginary
talk
with
Tu
Youyou.ImagineyouwereTuYouyou.Whatwouldyoutelltheyoungstudents?ImagineyouweretalkingtoTuYouyou.Whatwouldyoutellher?Greetings.Whatdifficultiesyouhave
overcome.Expressyourexpectationsand
encouragement.Greetingsandyour
feelings.Whatyoucanlearnfromher
qualities.Whatareyougoingtodointhefuture?Tu’sspeechattheNobelPrizeceremony Chinesemedicineandpharmacologyareagreattreasure-house.Weshouldexplorethemandraisethemtoahigherlevel.
Languagepoints1.…malariapatientsallovertheworldnowhavehadagreatlyincreasedchanceofsurvival.
survivaln.
thestateofcontinuingtoliveorexist生存,存活;残存物,幸存事物egIllegalhuntingisthreateningthesurvivalofthespecies.非法狩猎正威胁到物种的生存。
【拓展】
survivev.
活下来,幸存survivorn.幸存者,生还者【学法点拨】survive——survival幸存refuse——refusal拒绝arrive——arrival到达approve——approval赞成v.+-aln.2.…andin1969Tendvt.&vi.tohavesomethinginyourmindasaplanorpurpose想要,计划;意指egShe
intendstodoAlevelsandgotouniversity.她计划先参加高级考试,然后去读大学。
Whatdidheintendbythatremark?
他说那话是什么意思?【拓展】
intentionn.意图,目的;打算havenointentionofdoingsth.无意做某事;不打算做某事【归纳】intendsb.todosth.打算让某人做某事intendtodo/doingsth.打算做某事beintendedfor
打算供……之用【语境应用】完成句子。1)Theuniversityisknownforitslanguageandculturecourses_________(intend)forinternationalstudents.2)Ihaveno__________(intend)ofretiringjustyet.3)I______________________asavolunteerinanenvironmentalprotectionorganizationduringthesummerholidays我打算暑假期间在一个环保组织做志愿者。intendedintentionintendworking/towork
3.TureferredtotheancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicineagain.referto:
①tolookatabook,map,pieceofpaperetcforinformation查阅,参考egHegavethespeechwithoutreferringtohisnotes.他不看讲稿发表了演讲。
②tomentionorspeakaboutsomeoneorsomething提到,谈及egWeagreednevertorefertothematteragain.我们同意永远不再提这件事。③Ifwritingorinformationreferstosomeoneorsomething,itrelatestothatpersonorthing
涉及……;与……相关egThefiguresrefertooursalesinEurope.这些数字是我们在欧洲的销售额。【拓展】
1)refersth.to...把……提交给……refertosb.指的是某人referto...as
把……称为
2)referencen.提及;谈到;参考;查阅
in/withreferenceto...
关于……【语境应用】翻译下面句子。1)
Idon'twanttorefertothismatteranymore.2)Refertothedictionarywhenyoudon'tknowhowtospellaword.3)IknewtheteacherwasreferringtoBillwhenshespokeofabrightboyinourclass.我再也不想提这件事了。
当你不知道怎么拼写一个词时,查阅一下词典。当老师谈到我们班里的一个聪明的男孩时,我知道她指的是Bill。根据汉语提示补全下列句子。4)Ifyoudon’tknowwhatthismeans,_____________________(去查字典).5)Marcia_______________________________.(把Jerry称作好朋友)语法填空6)Pleasesonotincludecovers.Alistof__________(refer)mustbeincluded.refertothedictionary
referredtoJerryasadearfriendreferences4.…becauseresearchresourceswerelimited.limitedadj.
notverygreatinamount,number,abilityetc有限的egThereareonlyalimitednumberofticketsavailable.门票数量有限。【拓展】limitn.
界限;限度
v.
限制,限定limitationn.限制;控制【拓展】limit...to...
把……限制在……范围内belimitedto...局限于……atime/speed/agelimit时间/速度/年龄限制withinlimits在某种程度上;有一定限制setalimiton
对……加以限制beyondthelimit超过限度vt.n.【语境应用】完成句子。1)MywifeandI
__________
(定了一个限额)onhowmuchwespendonclothes.2)I______________twocupsofcoffeeaday.
我一天只允许自己喝两杯咖啡。3)Theytoldusthatwecoulddowhateverweliked,
___________________
(在一定限度内).setalimitlimitmyselftowithin
(certain)
limits5.Thetrialsonpatientswerelikelytobepostponedbecausetheydidnothavesufficientsafetydata.
postponevt.todelayaneventandplanordecidethatitshouldhappenatalaterdateortime延迟,延期egTheydecidedto
postpone
theirholiday
until
nextyear.他们决定将假期延后到来年。postpone,putoff相同点不同点postpone在表示“推迟某事”时,可以互换。如:Theflightwaspostponed/putoffduetobadweather.由于天气不好,航班被推迟了。postpone动作主体是人,表示有意识地推迟,延迟的时间确定。如:Becauseofheavyrain,wehavedecidedtopostponeoursportsmeetinguntilnextMonday.
由于下大雨,
我们已经决定把运动会推迟到下周一。putoffputoff强调“拖延时间”,指因客观原因造成的拖延或主观上有意的拖延。如:You’realwaysputtingoffthings.Youshouldgetridofthisbadhabit.
你做事总是拖拉,你得克服这个坏习惯。【语境应用】用postpone,putoff的适当形式填空。1)Ouronlinemeetingwas________________foranhourbyapowercut.2)He_________________goingto
Beijing
forhisholidaybecauseanurgentthinghadhappened.3)Don’t_________________makingthearrangementsuntilthelastminute.postponed/putoff
postponed
putoff6.Tospeeduptheprocessandensureitssafety…speedup:tomoveorhappenfaster,ortomakesomethingmoveorhappenfaster
(使)加速egThetruckspeededupgoingdownthehill.卡车在下山时加快了速度。
【反义短语】slowdown
减速,慢下来【拓展】ataspeedof以……的速度athigh/low/full/topspeed以高/低/全/最快速speedby(时间)很快地过去,飞逝【语境应用】用speed相关短语的适当形式完成句子。1)显而易见,一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们尽快实现我们的目标。Obviously,agoodlearninghabitcanhelpusto________________________________.2)既然他以每小时60英里的速度开车,那么事故是怎样发生的呢?Howdidtheaccidentcomeaboutsincehedrove______________________________?speeduptoreachourdestinations
ataspeedofsixtymilesperhour7.TheeffortsofTuandherteamfinallypaidoff.payoff:
①ifsomethingyoudopaysoff,itissuccessfulorhasagoodresult成功,凑效,达到目的egAllherhardworkpaidoffintheend,andshefinallypassedtheexam.她的所有努力最终有了收获——她终于通过了考试。
②togivesomeoneallthemoneyyouowethem付清(还清)债务egI'll
payoff
allmy
debts
first.首先我要还清欠款。③topaysomeonetheirwagesandtellthemtheynolongerhaveajob付清工资解雇某人egTwohundredworkershavebeenpaidoff.两百名工人拿到工资被解雇了。注意:payoff意为“取得成功;奏效”时,物作主语;
意为“偿清,付清”时,人作主语【拓展】pay短语
payforsth.为某事吃苦头或受惩罚;花钱买某物
payback偿还;报复
payattentionto注意
payavisitto访问paydown(分期或部分)支付;偿还payup付清全部欠款【语境应用】用pay的相关短语完成句子。Myhardworkfinally_________whentheycalledmeforaninterview.2)Iwill___________thebookwhatevertheprice.3)HowcanI________you________forallyourkindness?4)I___________Mr.andMrs.Smithyesterdayafternoon.payfor
paidoffpaybackpaidavisitto8.…willindeeddiscovermoremedicinesbeneficialtoglobalhealthcare.
beneficialadj.
havingagoodeffect有益的,有用的
bebeneficialto对……有益egCyclingis
highlybeneficial
tohealthandtheenvironment.骑自行车对于身体和环境大有裨益。【拓展】benefitv.使受益;得益于n.益处,好处beofbenefitto对……有好处forsb.’sbenefit
为了帮助某人benefitfrom/by受益于……,从……中得到好处【学法点拨】bebeneficialto=beofbenefit
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