2012-2021北京重点区高三（上）期末英语汇编：社会文化类阅读

2012-2021北京重点区高三（上）期末英语汇编

社会文化类阅读

阅读理解（共30小题）

1.（2020北京•东城高三期末）

OncesmallfarmersinMasii,aremotevillageinKenya,havepickedtheircrops,alltheycandoiswaituntilabuyer

trucksthrough.Thesystemworksfairlywellforbeansandcorn,butmangoes-thearea'sothermaincrop-spoil（腐烂）

morequickly.Ifthetraderislate,theyrot.

ObadiahKisaingu,afarmerinMasii,estimates40%ofthevillage'smangocropislosttospoilage.Butasimplecoating

couldchangethat.Acompany,SmartTech,hascreatedaproductthatdoublestheshelflifeoffreshproduce,enabling

farmerslikeKisaingutoaccessfar-off,largermarkets.Moretimeforfreshproduceongrocers*shelvesalsomeansless

foodwaste-a$2.6trillionproblem,accordingtotheUnitedNations'FoodandAgricultureOrganization（FAO）.

JamesRogers,CEOofSmartTech,whohasaPh.Dinmaterialsscience,wantedtosolvetheproblemforfoodmuch

inthesamewaythatoxidebarrierspreventingrust（锈）haveachievedforsteel.Fortunately,researchershavefoundwhen

plantsmadethejumpfromwatertolandhundredsofmillionsofyearsago,theydevelopedcutin,ahairierwhichismade

offattyacidsthatlinktogethertoformasealaroundtheplant,helpingkeepwaterin.

Thecutinwassuchagrandstrategythattodayyou'llstillfinditacrosstheplantkingdom.Notthatit'sexactlythesame

solutionacrosstheboard：Anorangecanlastlongerthanastrawberrynotsomuchbecauseofthethicknessofitsskin,but

becauseofthedifferenceinthearrangementofthosecutinmolecules（分子）onthesurface.SmartTech'schallengewas

firstidentifyingthekeycomponentsofcutin.Afterextensivetrials,Rogersandhisteamdevelopedanaturalandtasteless

protectivecoatingfromplantmaterial-stems,leavesandskins.Theproductextendsthesweetspotbetweenripeningand

rot.Andbestofall,thetreatedproducedoesn'trequirerefrigeration.

SmartTechtraveledalongroadtogethere.Itwassixyearsfromlaunchbeforeproductsappliedwiththesubstancewere

instores.SmartTech-treatedfruitsandvegetablesarealreadyinlargegrocerychainsinEuropeandtheU.S.andthe

companyrecentlygainedregulatoryapprovalinseverallessdevelopedcountriesinSouthAmerica.

"SmartTechhashugepotentialtoturnpoorfarmersinAfricaintocommercialfarmers,"saysRogers."Thatmeansmore

moneyinpockets,andmorefoodinstomachs."Butwhetherthecompanycancost-effectivelyreachsmallfarmersinfar

-offareasstillremainsachallenge.

（1）TheauthormentionsthesmallfarmersinKenyato.

A.stresstheirneedforpreservingproduce

B.showtheirdifficultyinharvestingcrops

C.evaluatetheirlosscausedbyslowtransport

D.helpexpresstheirwishtoreachlargermarkets

（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutSmartTech'sproduct?

A.ItisfinanciallysupportedbyFAO.

B.Itisintendedtoreplacerefrigeration.

C.Itisdesignedtothickenproduce'sskin.

D.Itisbasedonplants*owndefencesystem.

(3)WhatdoesJamesRogersexpect?

A.Toprofitfarmers.

B.Toearnmoremoney.

C.Toproducemorefood.

D.Toexpandgrocerychains.

(4)Themainpurposeofthepassageisto

A.proveatheory

B.promoteaproduct

C.introduceacompany

D.presentatechnology

mangoes

2.(2020北京•海淀高三期末)Whatdoesitmeantoliveagoodlife?Thisquestionhasbeendebatedforcenturies.Inthe

fieldofpsychology,twomainconceptsofthegoodlifehavebeenquitepopular：Ahappylifefullofpleasureandpositive

emotions,andameaningfullifefullofpurposeandsacrifice.Butwhatifthesearen'ttheonlyoptions?

Inrecentyears,along-neglectedversionofthegoodlifehasbeenreceivinggreaterattention：thepsychologicallyrich

life.ltisfullofcomplexmentalengagement,awiderangeofintenseanddeepemotions,anddiverse,novel,surprising

andinterestingexperiences.Sometimestheyareneitherpleasantnormeaningful.However,theyarerarelyboringor

monotonous.

Afterall,bothhappyandmeaningfullivescanbecomemonotonousandrepetitive.Apersonwithasteadyofficejob,

maiTiedwithchildren,maybesatisfiedandfindhisorherlifemeaningfulandstillbebored.Also,thepsychologicallyrich

lifedoesn'tnecessarilyinvolveeconomicrichness.Forinstance,considerHesse'scharacterGoldmund,whohasnomoney

butpursuesthelifeofafreespirit.

Researchhasfoundpsychologicalrichnessisrelatedto,butpartiallydistinctfrom,bothhappyandmeaningful

lives.Psychologicalrichnessisrelatedwithopennesstoexperienceandexperiencingbothpositiveandnegativeemotionsmore

intensely.Butisthepsychologicallyrichlifeonethatpeopleactuallywant?

Inanewstudy,Oishiandhiscolleaguesaskedpeopleinninecountriesthedegreetowhichtheyvalueapsychologically

richlife,ahappylifeandameaningfullife.Theyfoundmanypeople'sself-describedideallivesinvolvepsychological

richness.Whenforcedtochoosealife,however,themajoritychoseahappylifeandameaningfullife.Evenso,aminority

ofpeoplestillfavoredthepsychologicallyrichlife,rangingfrom6.7%inSingaporeto16.8%inGermany.

Thesenumberswentupwhenthedesireforapsychologicallyrichlifewasmeasuredindirectly.Tounderstandwhataperson

wishestheirlivesmighthavebeen,itisimportanttoexplorewhatpeoplewishtheyhadavoidedintheirlives.Whenasked

whattheyregretmostandwhetherundoingthiseventwouldhavemadetheirliveshappier,moremeaningfulor

psychologicallyricher,about28%ofAmericanssaidundoingtheregrettableeventwouldhavemadetheirlives

psychologicallyricher.

Thesefindingssuggestthatwhilemostpeoplestrivetobehappyandhavemeaningintheirlives,asizablenumberof

peoplearecontentmerelylivingapsychologicallyrichexistence.

AsOishiandhiscolleaguesconclude,“Webelievethattakingthepsychologicallyrichlifeseriouslywilldeepenandenrich

ourunderstandingofwell-being."Attheendoftheday,thereisnoonesingularlyacceptablepathtothegoodlife.Youhave

tofindapaththatworksbestforyou.

(1)Accordingtothepassage,thepsychologicallyrichlife.

A.meanslivingaluxuriouslife

B.involvesvariousintenseemotions

C.combinespleasurewithpurpose

D.emphasizesopennessandrepetition

(2)WhatdoesOishi'sresearchindicate?

A.TheGermanspreferpsychologicalrichnesstoahappylife.

B.Undoingregrettableeventshasenrichedmanypeople'slives.

C.Ahiddendesireforpsychologicalrichnessexistsamongsomepeople.

D.Peoplewithpsychologicalrichnesstendtodescribeiheirlivesasideal.

(3)Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.purposeoutweighspleasureintermsofsignificance

B.thechoiceofagoodlifediffersfrompersontoperson

C.apositivemindsethelpsusunderstandourwell-being

D.weshouldneverbecontentandalwaysstriveforthebest

(4)Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?

A.Tocomparedifferentconceptsofagoodlife.

B.Toexplainhowtoliveapsychologicallyrichlife.

C.Topersuadepeopletoattainpsychologicalrichness.

D.Todrawattentiontoalessfamiliarversionofagoodlife.

3.(2020北京•东城高三期末)

Fashion*sMeltDown

Throwawaycultureistrashingtheplanet-butoneyoungchemicalengineerhasherownwaytoturnitover.

Fastfashionhaschangedthewaywedress.Webuymoreclothes,moreoften-butwewearthemless.AlinaBassi,

founderofKleiderly,wantstogiveourclothingwasteanotherchanceatausefullife.

Bassihasalwayscaredaboutthethreatofclimatechange,butsheactuallystartedhercareerintheoilindustry.Aftera

fewyears,shelandedatbio-bean,astartupthatturnedwastecoffeegroundsintoproductsthatcouldbeburntforheatand

fuel.Afterayear,Bassiwaskeentobranchout-usedcoffeegroundsarenotthebiggestthreatfacingtheplanet.Instead,

shepouredhereffortsintotacklingamuchbiggerglobalpollucter：thefashionindustry.

AccordingtotheEllenMacArthurFoundation,weproduce100billionitemsofclothingperyear,andthisissettodouble

by2050.Buttheydon'tlastlongenoughtooffset(抵消)thecarboncostofproducingthematerial,creatingtheclothes,

andthenshippingthemtocustomers."Itmakesnosensethatwehavesuchahighcarbonfootprintforsomethingsoshort-

lived,"Bassisays.

Usingtheprinciplesofacirculareconomy,Bassihasdevelopedalow-energy,multi-stageprocesstoturnclothing

fibresintoanalternativetooil-basedplastic.Thisnewplasticcanthenbeusedbymanufacturersintheirexistingmachines,

sothatyouroldT-shirtsandjeanswillbecomedifferentproductsinsteadofclothes,suchasclothinghangers,oreven

furniture.

Fashioncompanieshavesomeotherwaystoreducefashionwaste,fromcreatingclothesdesignedtolast,torecyclingthe

fabrictomakemoreclothing.But"aproblemthisbigneedsmultiplesolutions,“Bassisays."Wethinkaboutthemultiple

livesofaproductandhowwecankeepreusingitinsteadoflettingitfallintolandfillsorincinerators(焚化炉),"shesays.

(1)WhydidBassiswitchherfocustothefashionindustry?

(2)Pleaseparaphrasetheunderlinedsentenceinyourownwords.

(3)Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

Kleiderlycanchangeoldjacketsandtrousersintoanewmaterial,whichcanbeusedtomakemoreclothing.

(4)Pleasebrieflypresentyourownsolution(s)tothethrowawayproblemindailylife.(about40words)

4.(2019北京•朝阳高三期末)Inthefirstfewyearsoftheirlives,childrenbroughtupinEnglish-speakinghomes

successfullymastertheuseofhundredsofwords,includingthoseforobjects,actions,emotions,andmanyotheraspects

ofthephysicalworld.However,whenitcomestolearningcolourwords,thesamechildrenperformverybadly.Ifshown

abluecupandaskedaboutitscolour,typicaltwo-year-oldsseemaslikelytocomeupwith"red"as"blue".

Cognitive(认知)scientistsatStanfordUniversityinCaliforniasupposedthatchildren'sincompetenceatcolour-word

learningmaybedirectlylinkedtothewaythesewordsareusedinEnglish.Theyareusedmostlyinpre-nominalposition

(e.g."bluecup"),incontrasttopost-nominalposition(e.g."Thecupisblue.'*).Thedifficultychildrenhave

maysimplycomedowntothechallengeofhavingtomakepredictionsfromcolourwordstotheobjectstheyreferto,rather

thanfromtheobjectstothecolourwords.

Toexplorethisideafurther,theresearchteamrecruited40Englishchildrenagedbetween23and29monthsandcarried

outathree-phaseexperiment.Itconsideredofapre-test,followedbytrainingintheuseofcolourwords,andfinallya

post-testthatwasidenticaltothepre-test.Thepre-andpost-testmaterialscomprisedsixobjectsthatwereunfamiliar

tothechildren.Therewerethreeexamplesofeachobjectineachofthreecolours-red,yellowandblue.Theobjects

werepresentedontrays(托盘)，andinbothtests,thechildrenwereaskedtopickoutobjectsinresponsetorequestsin

whichthecolourwordwaseitherapre-nominal("Whichistheredone?")orapost-nominal("Whichoneisred?

”).

Inthetraining,thechildrenwereintroducedtofivesetsoffamiliaritems(balls,cups,crayons,glasses,andtoybears)

ineachofthethreecolours.Halfthechildrenwerepresentedwiththeitemsonebyoneandheardthemlabeledwithcolour

wordsusedpre-nominally,whiletheotherhalfwereintroducedtothesameitemsdescribedwithapost-nominalcolour

word.Afterthetraining,thechildrenrepeatedtheselectiontaskonthenovelitemsinthepost-test.Correctchoiceson

itemsthatwereconsistentacrossthepre-andpost-testswereusedtomeasurechildren'scolourknowledge.

Accordingtotheassessment,children'sperformancewasconsistentwhentheywerebothtrainedandtestedonpost-

nominaladjectives,andworstwhentrainedonpre-nominaladjectivesandtestedonpost-nominaladjectives.Comparing

thepre-andpost-testscoresacrosseachconditionrevealedasignificantdeclineinperformancewhenchildrenwereboth

pre-andpost-testedwithquestionsthatplacedthecolourwordspre-nominally.

(1)WhatisthepurposeofParagraph2?

A.Topresentaphenomenon.

B.Tomakeacontrast.

C.Togiveapossibleexplanation.

D.Toprovideanexample.

(2)Whatcanwelearnabouttheexperimentfromthepassage?

A.Thechildrenhadtoplacethepre-andpost-testobjectsontocolouredtrays.

B.Thechildrenwerepresentedwiththesameobjectsinthepre-andpost-tests.

C.Pre-nominalquestionswerelessusedthanpost-nominalquestionsinthetraining.

D.Theresearchersaimedtolookforconsistenciesinchildren'sknowledgeofwordorder.

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"novel“inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Imaginary.

B.Unknown.

C.Familiar.

D.Common.

(4)Theoutcomeoftheexperimentshowsthat.

A.childrenareunabletoaccuratelysortobjectsbycolour

B.childrentrainedonpre-nominaladjectivesperformwell

C.childrenlearncolourwordsrapidlyinpost-nominalposition

D.childrencanmakepredictionsfromtheobjectstothecolourwords

5.(2019北京•朝阳高三期末)InthepictureLandscapewithDiogenesbythe17thcenturyFrenchartistPoussin,the

ancientphilosopherDiogenesisdescribedcastingawayhislastpossession,adrinkingbowl.Herealizeshedoesn*tneedit

afterseeingayouthcuppingahandtodrinkfromariver.ThesignificanceforusisthatDiogenes'spiritualdescendants(后

代)knownas"newminimalists"arenoweverywhere,ifnotascompletelypossession-freeashewas.

Therearehundredsofwebsitespraisingthevirtuesoftidyliving.Everyoneistryingtocutdownonthingsthese

days.Peoplearetryingtoreducetheircarbonfootprints,theirwaistlines,andtheirmonthlyoutgoings.What'smore,

there*sageneralfearthatpeoplearebecomingchokedbytheirpossessions,andthisisfueledbytheknowledgethatthe

leadinghobbythesedaysseemstobeshopping.It'strue，salesofe-readersande-booksgobeyondthoseof

paperbacks.Asaresult,theneedforbookshelvesiscutout.

However,today*snewminimalistsdon'turgeustoburnourbooksanddestroyourCDs,butjustmakesurewehavethem

asdigitalfiles.So,forexample,IhavedigitisedversionsofsomeofmyoldvinylLP(黑胶)recordsandhaven't,as

yet,stimulatedmyselftotaketheLPstothenearestcharityshop-andIadmitIshallprobablygoonkeeping

them.Technologyhasgonebeyondourdreamsandthereisalwaysthedoubtthatourharddriveswillcrashandallwillbe

lost.Farmoreimportant,however,isthefactthatourmemoriesaresoinseparablytiedtoourpossessionsthatwecan'tgel

ridofstuff.Wearenotexactlysufferingwithdrawalsymptoms(症状)aswetrytobreakouraddictiontoobjects.We

arejustacquiringnewstuff,whichmeanswecanbinorrecycleouroldstuff.

I'mhappytohavefoundanotherwebsitewhichseemstosolveawholelotofproblemsatonce-athrivingonlineadvice

serviceofferingstoragesolutions.Theinterior(室内的)designerresponsibleforthisdoesnotsuggestgettingridofstuff,

butratherrecommendsbuyingmorestuffsuchaselegantflexiblebasketsorcolourfulliddedcontainerstohidethefirstlotof

stufffromview.Ilovethisphilosophy-convinceyourselfyou'vegotyourdesireforpossessionsundercontrol,without

havingtoloseathing.Afterall,wearen'tmercilessenoughtofollowDiogenesandcastawayallourpossessions.

(1)WhydoestheauthormentionapicturebytheartistPoussin?

A.Itillustratesamoderntrend.

B.Itdescribesawisephilosopher.

C.Itsmeaningisonlynowbecomingclear.

D.Itsmessageisnotassimpleasitappears.

(2)Theauthorbelievesminimalismmaynotsucceedmainlybecauseofpeople's.

A.resistancetomediapressure

B.lazinessinthefaceofchange

C.lackoffaithindigitalhardware

D.strongbondwithphysicalobjects

(3)Accordingtotheauthor,peopleinvestinsmartnewstorageinorderto.

A.satisfytheirdesiretomakepurchases

B.makeattractiveadditionstotheirhomes

C.provideatemporarysolutiontoaproblem

D.easetheirconscienceoverhavingtoomanythings.

(4)Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.LessisMore

B.LowCarbonIsanAttitude

C.TreasureWhatYouHave

D.PsychologyofOverconsumption.

6.(2019北京•海淀高三期末)

MyGrandpaForgetsWhoIAm

AfewdaysagoIvisitedmygrandfatherinhospital.HehasAlzhemier's-adegenerativediseasethatusuallystartsslowly

andgetsworseovertime.IthoughtIwaspreparedtoseehim.Iknewchanceswereslimthathe'dactuallyrecognizeme.

Hedidn*t.Asamatteroffact,hehadnoideathatheevenhadgrandchildren.Buthewasexcitedthatsomebodycameto

visithim.ItriedtoexplaintohimwhoIwas.Butafterhetoldmemultipletimesthathedidn'thavegrandchildren,Igave

up.Andmyheartbrokeintoamillionlittlepieces.

Iwastiredofexplainingthingstohim.SoIjustsmiled.Hesmiledback.It'sagenuinesmile.Likealongtimeago,

whenhe'dtakemebythehandandmadethisbigworldalittlebitlessscaryforme.NowIhavetotakehishand.

Wesatinsilenceforalittlewhile,beforehetoldmetocallmygrandma.ThiswasthefirsttimeIhadtriedsohardto

holdbacktears.Mygrandmadiedfouryearsagoandhedidn'tremember.Hethoughtshewasstuckonherwaytopickhim

up.

Mygrandpausedtobeastrong,hard-workingman.Hewasthepersonyouturnedtowhenyouneededyourcarfixed,

yourtireschangedorsomethingheavytobecarried.Sadly,thatmanleftthisworldalongtimeago,andleftbehindaman

thatislostandscared.

Iwanttohelphim.Iwanttomakehimfeelbetter.Iwanttotellhimabouthisoldlife,andhowgreatitwas.SoIsat

withhimandIheldhishand,andeveryonceinawhileItoldhimhowgoodhelookedandhowmuchIlikedthecolorofhis

shirtandhowitbroughtouttheblueinhiseyes.Itoldhimthatmygrandmawasonherwaywheneverheaskedabouther,

andImadesuretheglassinhishandwasalwaysfilledwithwater.

Ican'ttakeawayhispain.Ican'thelphimremember.Ican*tmakethediseasegoaway.AllIcandoisholdontothe

memories-holdonforbothofus.

(1)Whentheauthorfirstsawhergrandpainhospital,.

A.shegaveuponhim

B.theywerebothexcited

C.hedidn'trecognizeher

D.theytalkedaboutthepast

(2)Theauthorwasclosetotearsbecause.

A.grandmadiedaboutfouryearsago

B.grandpaneededtobetakencareof

C.grandmadidn'tmakeittothehospital

D.grandpabelievedgrandmawasstillalive

(3)Whichofthefollowingbestdescribetheauthor?

A.Tolerantandmerciful.

B.Considerateandpatient.

C.Warm-heartedandgrateful.

D.Strong-mindedandgenerous.

（4）Theauthorwrotethispassageto

A.showpitytowardshergrandpa

B.recordmemoriesofhergrandpa

C.expressdeeploveforhergrandpa

D.callonfurtherstudyonAlzheimer's

7.（2019d匕京•东城高三期末）WhenBrody,a4-year-oldConnecticutboy,wasaskedwhatwishhewantedtocome

true,hisonlydreamwasthathecouldbeabletoplayoutside.

Brodywasbompremature（早产）at27weeks,whichcausedhimtooverheatandburneasily.Thatmeanshecan't

spendanytimeoutsideandhe'llgetburnblisters（水疱）onhisfaceevenwhenheisdriventothehospital.Besides,there

arealotofthingshecan*tdo.Hehastroublewalkingandonlybegantalkingoneyearago.Brodycan'teatordrinkandhas

towearabackpack24/7thatcontainsapumpthatfeedshim,"Ican'tevencountthenumberofsurgerieshe'shadsincehe

wasborn,”Brody*smothersaid."He'sspentprobablyhalfhislifeatthehospital.”

WhenMake-A-WishConnecticut,anorganizationthatcreateslife-changingwishesforchildrenwithcriticalillnesses,

heardaboutBrody'srequesttoplayoutside,theyimmediatelyjumpedintoaction."It'sthemostsimple,mostsweetwish,

justtoplayoutsidebutitseemstobethemostdifficulttorealize."saidDebbieArtinian,themanagerofMake-A-Wish

Connecticut.

Artinianandherteamdeterminedthatatemperature-controlledtentoutsideBrody'shomewherehecouldplayandnotbe

inthesunwouldbethebestoption.Buttheyhadtofindatentthatcouldstandweatherconditionslikewindandsnowand

hadtherightmaterialtoblockallUVrays.Luckily,ArtinianfoundacompanybasedintheUnitedKingdomthatcould

designandmakethetent.Make-A-WishConnecticutlearntthatBrodylovesthebeach,eventhoughheisnotabletogo

intowaterbecauseofhisbackpack.Sotheyfilledthetentwithwatertoysandakids'poolfilledwithballstomakeBrody

feelasmuchaspossiblelikehe'soutatthebeach.

Brodygothisfirstlookatthetentearlierthissummer."WhenhewalkedoutofthedoorandIsawhisface,itwasjust

everything,“saidArtinian."NowwhenBrodysays'CanIgooutandplay?hismomcansay,"Yes.""Brodyisnow

enjoyingspendingnearlyallhistime"outside"inthetent.

It'shardtomakelifecompletelynormalforBrody,butArtinianandherteamtriedtomakeitasnormalastheycould.

(1)WhatcanwelearnaboutBrody?

A.Hecan'tbeexposedtosunlight.

B.Hecan*tstandonhisfeet.

C.Hecan'tbegivensurgeriesanymore.

D.Hecan'tcommunicatewithothers.

(2)Make-A-WishConnecticutthoughtBrody*sdreamwas

A.inspiringandheart-warming

B.simplebutincredible

C.difficultandunachievable

D.challengingbutworthwhile

(3)WhydoestheauthormentionthebeachinParagraph4?

A.ToshowthatBrodyisaboywholovesnature.

B.Toprovethatthedesigncompanywasresponsible.

C.TosuggestthatArtinianandherteamwereconsiderate.

D.Toemphasizethattheskillinbuildingthetentwasthelatest.

(4)Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?

A.Onegoodturndeservesanother.

B.Ahelpinghandmakesadifference.

C.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.

D.Toughlifeexperiencemayresultinsuccess.

8.(2019北京•海淀高三期末)

UnderstandingChineseCulture：TheChallengetotheWest

Latelastyear,aNewZealandnewspaperreportedthatChinawassending120doctorstoaPacificislandtoassistwith

theircommunityhealth.Apositiveaction,onemightthink,butthefocusofthestorywastoaskwhatChinawasdoing

inthePacific,andhowwehavefailedtotheextentthatwehaveallowedthistohappen.WhataretheChinesedoingon

"ourpatch"?

Infact,theriseofChinaistoacertaindegreepromotedasathreat.ThechallengetotheWest,then,istoimprove

anappreciationofwhatChinais.HowdoesChina'sculturalheritagepresentapositiveadvantagetotheworld?

Tounderstandthis,itisimportanttoconsiderthefoundationsofChinesecultureandsociety.Chinahasmorethan5,

000yearsofuninterruptedculturaldevelopment.Weatleastneedtogoback2,500yearstostudyTaoism,foritscultural

andphilosophicalroots,andConfuciusforhissocialphilosophyandinfluenceonsociety.

TaoismprovidesuswithmanyaspectsofthespecialnatureofChinesecultureandphilosophy.Theconceptofyinand

yanginTaoism,whichbringsusbalancethroughtheintegrationofopposites,iswell-knownbutnotfullyunderstoodin

theWest.Chinesemedicine,whichtendstotakealongertimetotakeeffect,withafocustoworkinharmonywiththe

body,istorestoreimbalancecausingdiseasesratherthantargetingonlythespecificsymptomorproblemarea.

Confucius*contributiontoChinesesocietyalsoprovidesadifferencetoWesternsociety.Easternsocietyplacesthe

communityasthemostimportantcomponentofsociety.InWesternsociety,itistheindividualthatisconsideredtobethe

unitofsociety,compatiblewithanobjectiveanalysisofissues.

Consideringamonkey,cowandbanana,whichistheoddoneout?ThevastmajorityofChinesewillchoosethecow

becausethemonkeyeatsthebanana,whichgivesfoodtothemonkey.Westernpeopleinvariablychoosethebananabecause

theyseetheobjectiveclassificationofthemonkeyandcow.Theconsiderationofthesetworesponses,andextensioninto

deeperphilosophicalunderstanding,presentsamajordifferencebetweenChineseandWesternthought.

Therefore,thechallengetotheWestistoembraceanalternativeperspectiveonissues.ItistimeforWesternmediato

seekabalanceinreportingaffairs,andcritique(评判)theWesternperspective.

ItistimeforaChinesevoicetobeheardintheWest.

(1)Thenewsreportinthefirstparagraph.

A.tellsastoryofChinesedoctors

B.demonstratestheconcernoftheWest

C.stressesthedeclineofWesternculture

D.showsthemedicaldevelopmentofChina

(2)WhyisChinesemedicinementionedinthepassage?

A.TohelpbetterunderstandTaoism.

B.Todefinetheconceptofyinandyang.

C.ToemphasizethecontributionsofTaoism.

D.Toexpresstheauthor'sprideinChineseculture.

(3)Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.TaoismhasagreaterinfluencethanConfucianism

B.Confucianismfindsbalanceinintegratingopposites

C.theWesttakesChina'sculturalheritageasanadvantage

D.Easternsocietyconsiderscommunitytheessentialunitofsociety

(4)Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassageisto.

A.warntheWestofthethreatofChina

B.introducetotheWestwhatChinareallyis

C.recommendtheWesttoaccepttheriseofChina

D.appealtotheWesttohaveanobjectiveattitudetoChina

9.(2015北京•西城高三期末)

MorePeopleAreLeavingtheRatRacefortheSimpleLife

Timeismorepreciousthanmoneyforanincreasingnumberofpeoplewhoarechoosingtolivemorewithless-andliking

it.

KayandCharlesGiddens,twolawyers,soldtheirhometostartaB&Bhotel.Fouryearslater,thecoupledishesout

bananapancakebreakfast,cleanstoiletsandserveshomemadechocolatechipcookiestoguestsinaB&Bhot