2023年中考英语最新热点阅读27 垃圾分类（含答案）

2023年中考英语最新热点时文阅读-垃圾分类

题型主要内容

1阅读理解介绍了中国一些城市使用垃圾分类系统的情况

2阅读理解作者在社区里做垃圾分类的志愿者的经历以及感悟

3阅读理解短文通过马特和萨姆做的垃圾分类实验，最终得出结论：每天至少

84%的垃圾可以回收或再利用，回收有助于环保

4阅读理解介绍了“智能垃圾分类回收机”的作用以及对于环境保护的重要性

01

（2022•山东济南•一模）Anewrubbishsortingsystem（垃圾分类系统）hasbeenputintousein

FangchengyuanCommunityinBeijing.Localpeoplenotonlysorttheirrubbish,butalsoputQRcodes（二

维码）onit.

“Whentherubbishiscollectedandthecodesareseen,Iwillgetrewardpointstoexchangeforsmall

giftsandevensomemoney,“oneofthelocalpeopletoldreporters.“It'sreallycreativeandencouraging.”

Thissmartsystemhasbeencarriedoutin350communitiesinBeijing.ThecapitalofChinahasjoined

alistofcitiesinthecountrythattakeactiontoencouragerubbishsorting.Forexample,Shenzhenand

Shanghaihavemadelawstopunishpeopleandorganizationsfornotsortingrubbishcorrectly.

Chinaproducesquitealotofrubbisheveryyear.Muchoftherubbishisburied（填埋）insoilorburned

withoutbeingsorted.Landfills（填埋场）takeupalotoflandandhaveariskofpollutingthesoilandwater

nearby.Andburningrubbishcanproduceharmfulgases.Throughrubbishsorting,wecanreducetheuseof

landfillsandairpollution.

What'smore,rubbishsortingsavesresources,whichcouldbringeconomicbenefits（经济利益）.For

example,atonofwastepapercanbereusedtomakeabout850kgofpaper,saving17treesand50percentof

water.Becauseoftheirbenefits,somecountrieshavedevelopedsuccessfulsortingsystems.

Japanhasastrictanddetailedsystem.Whenpeoplethrowawayawaterbottle,thecap,thewrapper（包

装纸）andthebottleitselfhavetogointothreedifferentbins.Everyyear,familiesreceivespecialrubbish

sortingtimetablesanddirectionsfromtheirlocalgovernments.Theyareadvisedtofollowthetimetablesand

directionswhentheythrowawayrubbish.

InAustralia,everyfamilyisprovidedwiththreerubbishbins-theredlid（盖子）binfor"generalwaste”

likefoodandplasticbags,theyellowlidbinfor“recycling“likesteelandglass,andthegreenlidbinfor

“greenwaste“suchasgrassandleaves.Onthestreets,thebinsareprintedwithpicturesofthethingsthatare

allowedinside.Itmakesrecyclingquiteeasy.

1.LocalpeopleinFangchengyuanCommunitywillgetiftheyusethenewsystem.

A.anewcomputerB.arubbishcarC.alotofmoneyD.somesmallgifts

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheconsequence（后果）ofburyingrubbish?

A.Pollutingsoil.B.Protectingenvironment.

C.Pollutingwater.D.Takingupalotofland.

3.Paragraph5mainlytellsus.

A.howtosaveresourcesB.thebenefitsofrubbishsorting

C.howtoreusepaperD.thedevelopmentofsortingsystems

4.FromParagraph6andParagraph7,weknowthatinJapanandAustralia.

A.everyfamilyhasdifferentsortingtimetablesanddirections

B.mostofthepeoplearenotwillingtoobeytherulesatall

C.thegovernmentstakeactiontoadvisepeopletosortrubbish

D.thebinsonthestreetsandathomeareprintedthesamepictures

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.BeijinghascreatedanewrubbishsortingsystemwithQRcodes.

B.Rubbishburyinginlandfillsisaspopularasrubbishsortinginbins.

C.ShenzhenandShanghaionlymadelawstoencouragerubbishsorting.

D.ThestrictanddetailedsystemmakesrecyclingquitehardinAustralia.

02

（2021•广东•广州市南武中学八年级期中）GarbagesortingbeganonJuly1,2019.However,I,with

theother238familieswholiveinmybuilding,havebeenlivingwithasimilarsystemfbryears.Here,I'd

liketotalkaboutourexperiences.

InOctober2016,thegovernmentchoseourneighborhoodtobepartofapilot（试点的）programfor

garbagesorting.Tohelptheprogramrunsmoothly,wesetupavolunteerteam.Iamoneofthevolunteers.

Severalofus,however,doubtedwhetherwecouldleadpeopleinthebuildingtochangetheirhabits.

Webeganwiththeusualmethods.Wepostednoticesaroundtheneighborhood.Wealsowentdoorto

door,spreadingtheword.

However,theymadeplentyofmistakes.Forexample,manydidn'tknowwetgarbagemeantfoodwaste.

Instead,theythoughtitmeantthatwaswet.Someevenrefusedtosorttheirgarbage.

Asaresult,wevolunteershadtodolotsofsortingourselves.Atthesametimewewentaround

explainingtherules.Wekepttalkingtothosewhorefusedtosorttheirgarbage.Weletthemknowwehad

sortedtheirgarbageforthem.Itwasamatteroftimeandpatience.Webelievedtheywouldfinallychange

theirmind.

Sixmonthslaterweweresuccessfulinchangingpeople'smind.Peopleinmybuildinghadbegunsorting

intheirgarbage.Someevenjoinedustosortgarbagethatwassortedimproperly.

Ithinkface-to-facetalksplayedanimportantrole.Sometimes,thesetalksledustoconflict（冲突），

buttheyweremuchmoreeffective（有效的）thannoticesandflyers（小传单）.Itwasinterestingtosee

whathappened.Ihopeeveryoneknowsgarbagesortingisgoodforthem.

6.Whendidthewriter'sneighborhoodstartitsgarbage-sortingprogram?

A.InOctober,2016.B.InApril,2017.C.Aftersixmonths.D.OnJuly1,2019.

7.Howlongdidittakethepeopleinthewriter'sbuildingtochangetheirgarbage-sortinghabits?

A.For238days.B.Forabout6months.C.Forabout7months.D.For2016days.

8.WhatdoesthewriterhopeforwhenspeakingofthegarbagesortingplanofShanghai?

A.Morevolunteerswilljointhewriter'svolunteerteam.

B.Peopleknowwetgarbagemeansfoodwaste.

C.Face-tofacetalkcanplayanimportantroleingarbage-sortingplan.

D.Everyonecanchangegarbagesortinghabits.

03

（2021•北京市第二中学分校九年级期中）

尸僦留怨媪

Peoplecanreduce,reuse,orrecyclewasteinsteadofthrowingitaway.MattandSamdecidedtodoan

experiment.TheywantedtoseeexactlyhowmuchwastethethreeR'scouldsave.

First,theycollectedtherubbishfromsixclassroomsattheirschool.Theydividedtherubbishintothree

groups:

Thingsthatwerereusable,suchasapenciloramarkerthathadbeenthrownaway

Thingsthatcouldberecycled,suchascans,glass,orpaper

Thingsthatweretrulywaste

Then,MattandSamweighedeachofthethreegroups.Theylearnedthat84%ofthetotalrubbishthrown

awaythatdaycouldberecycledorreused.Theydecidedtodosomethingaboutit.

MattandSampresentedtheideaofstartingarecyclingprogrammetotheschoolleaders.Thenthey

workedwiththeStudentCouncil.Theypreparedbrochures（手册）tosendhometotellthestudentsandtheir

familiesaboutrecycling.Theystatedinthebrochurethatrecyclinghelpstokeepourplanethealthy.The

schoolboughtcoloredcontainers（容器）foreachclassroom.Eachroomreceivedabluecontainerforpaper

andagreencontainerforglassandcans.Theyalsoreceivedaredcontainerforrealrubbish.

Withinashorttime,eachclassroomintheschoolwassortingrecyclablematerialsfromrubbishbefore

itwasthrown.MattandSamdecidedtoweightherubbishonemoretime.Theywantedtochecktheschoofs

progress.Theycollectedtherubbishfromtheredcontainersfromthesamesixclassroomsasbefore.They

sortedtherubbishintothreegroupsagainandweighedeachgroup.Thistime,theywerepleasedtofindthat

theredcontainerswerefilledwith90%wastethatshouldbethrownaway.Only10%ofrecyclablematerials

hadbeenthrownintotheredcontainers.MattandSamwerepleasedwiththeirschoofseffortatreducing

wasteonourplanet.

9.Bydoinganexperiment,MatandSamwantedtofindout.

A.whatthingscouldbereuse

B.whatrecyclablematerialscouldbesaved

C.howmuchwastethethreeR'scouldsave

D.howmuchwastetheirschoolproducedaday

10.WhatdidMattandSamdointherecyclingprogramme?

A.Theymadeaspeechonrecycling.

B.Theywroteareporttotheschoolleaders.

C.Theyboughtcoloredcontainersforeachclassroom.

D.Theyhelpedstudentsandtheirfamiliesknewaboutrecycling.

11.WhichwordcanbestdescribeMattandSam?

A.Responsible.B.Friendly.C.Independent.D.Confident.

04

（2022•北京丰台•九年级期末）

Wehumanbeingsshareoneworldandliveonthesameplanet.Theearthisbeautifulandit'sour

responsibilitytoprotectitandtheenvironment.Asstudents,maybewecan'tdoalotaboutcarsandfactories,

butwecanalsomakeourowneffortstomakeadifference.

Lastweekend,mydadandIthrewawaymytextbooksintointelligentwaste-managementrecyclingbins

（智能垃圾分类回收机）.ThosetextbooksarewhatIusedinmyprimaryschoolandstayedinmyroomfor

averylongtime.

IonceheardofXiaohuanggoufromoneofmyclassmates.Afterlearningaboutit,Itoldmydadabout

itsuseandpurpose.Xiaohuanggouisatechfirm（科技公司）whichhassetupmanyintelligentwaste­

managementrecyclingbinsacrossthecountry.Thebinshelppeoplesort（分类）andrecycletheirwaste.

Peoplecanthrowawayobjectstheynolongerneedintothebins.Theintelligentbinswillthenweighthe

objectsandgiverewards（奖励）topeople.Thentherewardscanbespentonproductsfromthecompany's

app,onlinegamesordonatedtocharities（做慈善捐助）.

ConsideringthatthereweremanytextbooksthatIdidn'tneedanymore,bothmydadandIthoughtit

wasagoodideatothrowthemintotheintelligentbins.Astheintelligentbinscansortthem,itwouldbe

morehelpfulandeasierforworkerstoprocess（处理）thegarbage.

However,manypeoplemightjustthrowrubbishawaywithoutsortingit.Thismakesitdifficultto

processthegarbage,andmuchofitwillbeputintolandfills（垃圾场）insteadofbeingrecycled.Butby

encouragingpeoplewithrewards,IthinkthatXiaohuanggoumayraisepublicawareness（提升公众意识）of

garbagesorting.

Humanbeingsliveontheearth.Itismeaningfultosortgarbagetoprotecttheenvironment.Itisnota

difficulttasktosortgarbagebeforeprocessingit.Let'stakeactionstogether.

12.Whatcantheintelligentwaste-managementrecyclingbinsdo?

①Sortthewaste.©Recyclethewaste.

③Weighthewaste.©Throwawaythewaste.

A.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④

13.WhatcanwelearnaboutXiaohuanggou?

A.ThewriteronceheardofXiaohuanggoufromoneofherteachers.

B.Therewardscanbespentonproductsfromthecompany'sapp.

C.Therubbishwithoutsortingmakesgarbageprocessingeasier.

D.Therewardsmayraisepublicawarenessofgarbagesorting.

14.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.SettingUpaTechFirmB.DevelopingaNewApp

C.ThrowingRubbishAwayD.RecyclingtheSmartWay

参考答案：

1.D

2.B

3.B

4.C

5.A

【解析】

本文介绍了中国一些城市使用垃圾分类系统的情况，以前使用垃圾填埋污染附近的水和土壤，焚烧

垃圾污染空气，现在垃圾分类减少了污染，还产生经济效益，也介绍了H本和澳大利亚垃圾分类的

情况。

1.

细节理解题。根据"Whentherubbishiscollectedandthecodesareseen,Iwillgetrewardpointstoexchange

forsmallgiftsandevensomemoney”可知，当垃圾被收集起来，看到码时，就会得到积分来换取小礼

物，甚至是一些钱。故选D。

2.

细节理解题。根据“Landfills（填埋场）takeupaloloflandandhaveariskofpollutingthesoilandwater

nearby."可知，垃圾填埋场占用大量土地，并有污染附近土壤和水的风险，不能保护环境。故选B。

3.

段落大意题。分析第五段内容可知，本段主要介绍垃圾分类的好处，故选B。

4.

推理判断题。根据“Everyyear,familiesreceivespecialrubbishsortingtimetablesanddirectionsfromtheir

localgovernments."和"InAustralia,everyfamilyisprovidedwiththreerubbishbins”可知，从六、七两段

我们可以知道政府采取行动建议人们对垃圾进行分类，故选Co

5.

推理判断题。根据"Anewrubbishsortingsystem（垃圾分类系统）hasbeenputintouseinFangchengyuan

CommunityinBeijing.Localpeoplenotonlysorttheirrubbish,butalsoputQRcodes（二维石马）onit.”可矢口，

北京发明了一种带有二维码的垃圾分类系统，故选A。

6.A

7.B

8.D

【解析】

本文主要讲述了作者在社区里做垃圾分类的志愿者的经历以及感悟。

6.

细节理解题。根据“InOctober2016,thegovernmentchoseourneighborhoodtobepartofapilot（试点

的）programforgarbagesorting”可知，在2016年10月份开始垃圾分类试点，故选A。

7.

细节理解题o根据“Sixmonthslaterweweresuccessfulinchangingpeople'smind.“可知，大约6个月改

变了社区人们垃圾分类的习惯，故