2014上海长宁、嘉定区高考英语二模试题

高考试题库（）我的高考我做主！第页学优高考网（）我的高考我做主！高考试题库（）我的高考我做主！2014年高三英语教学质量检测试卷II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA(A)Aboyplaysawayfromhomeandfightswithothers.He’sdefeated,getshurtandsuffersshame.Ifheisstrong-willed,hewouldclench(咬紧)histeeth,makingafirmfistfrom(25)______(weep)infrontofothers.Butassoonashereturnshomehewouldburstoutcryingatthefirstsightofhiscloserelatives.Hewouldbealltearspouringouthissufferings.Thesameistrueforastrong-willedgrown-up.Nomatterwhatharmhesuffershewoulddohisbest(26)______(conceal)hisfeelings,tryingnottoletothersknowhowhefeels.Hewouldswallowhisbittertearsandshowasmilingfaceatothers(27)____________hedidn’tcareabit.Buthoweverstrong-willedheis,mostprobablyhewouldcryassoonashemeetshiscloserelativewholoveshimandto(28)______hecanpourouthisheartunreservedly.Notonlywouldheweepbuthe’dcryhiseyesout(29)______grief.Ifsomebodyweepsinyourface—thepersonneverofthetypedoingthisinfrontofothers,you’dbettersitbyandlethimcryto(30)______heart’scontent,foritshowsyouareregardedashisdearestor(31)______(reliable)one.It’smuchbettertohavesomeonecryinginyourfacethanbemetexclusivelyby(32)______smilingface.Anyonecansmileatyou,butveryfewwillweepinyourface,becausethelatterismuchharderforonetodothantheformer.(B)Someofyoungsoldierswhohadrecentlyjoinedthearmywerebeingtrainedinmodernwaysoffighting.Oneofthelessonstheyshouldtakewas(33)______anunarmedmancouldtrickanarmedenemy,takehisweaponawayandhavehim(34)______(arrest).Firstoneoftheirtwoinstructorstookaknifeawayfromtheother,usingonlyhisbarehands,andthenhetookagunawayfromhiminthesameway.Afterthelesson,andbeforetheywentontotraintheyoungsoldierstodothesethingsthemselves,thetwoinstructorsaskedthemanumberofquestionstoseehowwelltheyhadunderstoodwhat(35)______(show).Oneofthequestionswasthis,“Well,younowknow(36)______anunarmedmancandoagainstamanwithagun.Imaginethatyou(37)______(guard)abridgeateightonenight,andthatyouhaveagun.Suddenlyyouseeanunarmedenemysoldier(38)______(come)towardsyou,andwhatwillyoudo?”Theyoungsoldierwho(39)____________answerthisquestionthoughtcarefullyforafewseconds(40)______heanswered,andthensaid,“WellafterwhatIhavejustseen,IthinkthatthefirstthingIwoulddowouldbetogetridofmygunasquicklyasIcouldsothattheunarmedenemysoldiercouldn’ttakeitfrommeandkillmewithit!”SectionBA.countlessB.exhaustedC.comparisonD.essentialE.estimatesF.distinctiveG.relativelyH.clearedI.unfortunatelyJ.recycledK.restrictsRainforests,foundinEarth’stemperateandtropical(热带的)zones,aresomeofthemostbiologicallyvariedecosystemsontheplanet.Allrainforestssharecertain___41___features,includingaclosedcanopy,thedensevegetationofthetopbranchesthatformsaroofabovetheforestfloor,adampandwarmclimate,and___42___constanttemperaturesthroughouttheyear.Mostoftheforest’sinsectandanimallifegrowswellinthecanopy’sleafyandsunlitenvironment.Theforest’sgroundcover,bycomparison,issmall.Lessthan2percentofthesun’slightmakesitswaythroughthecanopyandthedarknessbelow.Thisdarkness,alongwiththepoorqualityofthesoils,___43___plantgrowth.Rainforestsarea(n)___44___partofEarth’stotalecology.Hugeamountsofwaterareabsorbedintotreerootsand___45___intotheatmospherefromthetreeleavesthroughaprocesscalledtranspiration(蒸发).Treerootsalsofixthesoilinplaceandslowtherunoffofrainsintoriversandoceans.Throughtheprocessofphotosynthesis(光合作用),rainforestsabsorbmorecarbondioxideandgiveoffmoreoxygenthananyotherecosystem.Therainforestsare___46___shrinkingatarapidrateasaresultoftheprofitableventuresoffarming,logging,andmining.Whentropicalrainforestsare___47___inordertoraisecattleandcrops,thenutrient-poorsoilsarequickly___48___.Whenfarmersmoveontonewareas,heavyrainsandbakingsunleavethelandfruitlessandlifeless.Loggingandminingcausesimilardamagetothelandanddestroytheterritoryof___49___millionsofbirds,insectsandanimals.Bysome___50___,anareaoftropicalrainforestthesizeofthestateofDelawaredisappearsinthiswayeverymonth.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionAArchaeologistsarescientistswhosearchforcluesthathelpformaclearerpictureofthelivespeopleledinthepast.Archaeologyisamodernscience,butithasbeen___51___forcenturies.Morethan2,400yearsago,theGreekhistorianHerodotusdescribedtheEgyptianpyramidsandothermonuments.Hemayhavebeenthefirstwritertoconsiderthatremainsand___52___couldprovideinformationfor___53___generations.Formorethanathousandyears,however,such___54___wereobserversratherthanresearchers.Inthe1700s,scientistsandadventurersfromavarietyofcountriestraveled___55___toexploreancientsites.Digsthatarestill___56___beganin1709atHerculaneum,anItaliancityburiedinashduringtheexplosionofMountVesuviusinA.D.79.TheDanishscholarCarstenNiebuhrvisitedtheruinsofPersepolisintheMiddleEastin1765tostudycuneiformwriting(楔形文字).___57___,archaeologydidn’tbecomeawidelyrecognizedscienceandschoolsdidn’trecognizethesubjectasascholarlypursuituntilthe19thcentury.Thetermitselfwas___58___in1837.ItcomesfromaLatinwordmeaning“thestudyofantiquities(古物).”OneofthefirstarchaeologiststouseascientificapproachtothedisciplinewasHeinrichSchliemannofGermany,whointhelate1800s___59___theancientcivilizationofthecityofTroy.Today,archaeologistsuncoverthepastinmanydifferent___60___,includingdesertsandjungles,atsitescalleddigs.Ancientsources,folktales,andlandscapefeaturescansuggestwherearchaeologistsshouldlook.Surveysofthelandhelpthemchoosesites___61___toprovideartifacts,theobjectsthatwillunlockthestoryofaparticularpeople—theirdailylives,theirbeliefs,andtheirtiestoothercultures.Asite,however,doesnothavetobeoldtobeinterestingtoanarchaeologist.Someprefertostudymore___62___settlements.Onescientist,forinstance,studiescoalminingcampsinCaliforniabyexaminingthegarbagethatminers___63___.Archaeologists——By1865MEMBERSHIPOFFICELangham’slegend(传说)datesbackto1865,whenTheLangham,LondonopenedasEurope’sfirst‘GrandHotel’.Forover140years,thisflagshiphotelhasbeenattheforefrontofcharminghospitality(好客).Today,allLanghampropertiesworldwideshowthesamephilosophy,reflectingeleganceindesign,innovationinhospitality,genuineserveandfascinationofthesenses.ABOUT18651865isourwayofsayingthank-youforyoursupporttoourcollectionofhotels.Bringingyouexclusivebenefitsandrecognition,weensureyourstaywithusisespeciallycomfortableanduniquelymemorable.EXPLORERGuestswhoarejustbeginningtogettoknowusbystayingonceinourpropertieswillbeinvitedtobecomeExplorermembers.GATEWAYStay3timesatanyofourpropertieswithina12-monthperiodandyouwillbeentitledtoGatewaymembership.VOYAGERToenrolasVoyagermember,simplygatheratotalof5stayswithin12months.DESTINYThismembershiprankisreservedforthetop1%ofVoyagermemberswhoshowthehighestlevelofcommitmentbystayinginoursuperior-categoryroomsandsuites(套房).Exclusivetoachosenfew,Destinymembershipisofferedbyinvitationonly.1865MEMBERSHIPBENEFITSAT-A-GLANCEIn-roombroadbandInternetaccess****Latecheck-out1*(4pm)*(6pm)*(8pm)Personalisedroompreferences***Personalisedwelcomeservices*(one)*(two)Upgradetonextroomcategory2**One-waycoachservice3*Exclusivegift*Notes:1.Dependingonroomavailability2.AfterbecomingaVoyagermember,whenstaying5ormoretimeswithina12monthperiod3.Betweenthecityairportandtheproperty,andvalidwithconfirmedroombookingonly4.Allbenefitsarerestrictedtotheregistered1865memberRemarks:SomeoftheabovebenefitsdonotapplytoEatonSmart,NewDelhiAirportTransitHotel.Toexplorethebenefitsofthishotel,pleasevisit1865..70.Tohavea1865membership,guestsneedto______.A.registerat1865.B.visitLanghamthreetimesinayearC.havefivestaysinLanghamyearlyD.stayinLanghampropertiesonce71.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothegiveninformation?A.Gatewaymembershave4pmlatecheck-outpriorityanytimetheywant.B.MemberscangetthebenefitslistedinthetableatallLangham’sproperties.C.TheveryfirsthotelofLanghamcollectionwasbuiltin1865inBritain.D.Top1%VoyagerswithsuperresidencerecordcanapplyforDestinymembership.72.Tony,ontheirhoneymoontrip,wantstosurprisehiswifewithabunchofrosesonarrivingatthehotel.Tonyatleastneedstohavethemembershipof______.A.EXPLORERB.GATEWAYC.VOYAGERD.DESTINY73.Whatisthemainpurposeofthewriting?A.Toattractmorepotentialguests.B.TosharethehistoryofLanghamhotels.C.Tointroducesuccessfulhotelmanagement.D.TolistLanghamhotels’exclusivebenefits.(C)CharlesDickens’novelATaleofTwoCitiesissetintheyearsbeforeandduringtheFrenchRevolution(1789-1799).Duringitscourse,Frenchrevolutionariesbroughtdowntheempireandestablishedarepublicoffreeandequalcitizens.Inreadingthework,oneseesthatDickensdistortedsomedetailsoftheFrenchRevolution.Atthebeginning,Dickensnotesthat,in1775,Francewasbusyspendingmoney.ThismentionofFrance’sspendingtouchesbrieflyonwhatisperhapsthemajorcauseoftheFrenchRevolution.Beforetherevolution,thegovernmentoftenborrowedmoneybecauseitspentmorethanitraisedintaxes.Theincreasedspendingandborrowingmademanypeople’sbloodboil,yetDickensfocusedinsteadonthenobility’soppressionandexploitationoftheworkingclass,includingpeasants,asthecausesoftherevolution.TheMarquis,oneofthebook’scharacters,ill-treatsandkillsmanypeople.Thus,herepresentsthenobleswhomistreatthelowerclasses.OnereviewercriticizedthispictureasanunfairrepresentationofFrenchsocietyinthemid-1700s.Thereviewerpointedoutthatthegovernmentwouldhavepunishednobleswhomistreatedormurdered.Noblesmayhavebeenguiltyofotherevils,however,suchasnotfeedingthestarvingmassesafterbadweatherruinedcropsin1789.Dickens’accountofthestormingoftheBastillefailstomentionthatthegangthatstormedtheprisonwaslookingforbulletsandbombstouseindefenseagainstapossibleattackbytheking’stroops.Dickensdoesincludesomeaccuratedetails,however,suchasthecrowd’sfindingonlysevenprisonersandfreeingthemandthepack’sexecuting(处决)theprisonadministratorandstickinghisheadonapost.Thescenethatthewomenknit(编织)astheywatchtheexecutionsmayseemtobeanodddetail,butactuallymanywomendidknitstockingsforthewareffortastheywatchedthekillingmachineatwork.Dickens’descriptionsofthesteadystreamofsentencedpeopleintoprisonandthecartstakingthemtotheirdeathsgivereaderssomeideaofthefrequencywithwhichofficialsjailedandexecutedpeopleduringtheRuleofTerror,whichlastedaboutayear.DuringtheTerror,thegovernmentjailedabout250thousandpeople,tried(审判)andkilledabout17thousand,andexecutedabout12thousandwithoutatrial.Thoseexecutedincludedpeoplewhoopposedtherevolution,peoplewhooffendedtherevolutionaries,andevensomerevolutionaries.About15percentweremembersoftheministryornobility.74.Whatdoestheword“distorted”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Discussed.B.Revealed.C.Provided.D.Twisted.75.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.AwildcrowdrushedintotheBastilletofightwiththeroyalsoldiers.B.Thenobles’mistreatingandkillingpeopleisthemaincauseoftherevolution.C.AboutthirtythousandpeoplelosttheirlivesinthecourseoftheRuleofTerror.D.Womenwereforcedtoworkforthewarsupplieswhilewatchingpeoplekilled.76.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.DickenswasonceamongtherevolutionariesstormingtheBastille.B.Therewasanextremedisorderandhorrorduringtherevolution.C.NoblesofthosedaysinFrancewereloadedwithheavysocialresponsibilities.D.Classicliteraryworksmayserveashistorytextbookstoagreatdegree.77.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheCollapseoftheFrenchEmpireB.UnknownFactsduringtheRuleofTerrorC.Dickens’DescriptionoftheFrenchRevolutionD.ACriticalViewonATaleofTwoCitiesSectionCFordecades,asmallpercentageofhomeownershavebeeninstallingsolarpanels(嵌板)ontheirrooftops.Thosepanelscollectsolarenergyandchangeitintoelectricity.Untilrecently,thepanelsweretooexpensiveforaveragehomeowners,andtheirdesignswereanythingbutappealing.Thankstonewadvances,however,solarpanelsforhomesarebecomingcheaperandlessawkward,causingmorehomeownerstoconsiderinstallingthem.LastfallfurnituresellerIKEAbegansellingsolarpanelsinitsU.K.stores.Ofcourse,homeimprovementstoressuchasHomeDepothavebeensellingpanelsforawhile.ButtheinitiativebyIKEAisseenasawaytobringtheDoItYourselfsolaroptiontothemasses.Whileshoppingforinexpensivefurniture,shopperscouldaddaboxortwoofsolarpanelstotheircarts.IKEAispartneringwithacompanythathandlesinstallationandservicingofthepanels,makingtheswitchtosolareasyforcustomers.Ifallgoeswell,IKEAplanstobeginsellingthepanelsinothercountriessoon.SolTech,aSwedishtechcompany,offersasolar-powersolutionthatismuchmorepleasingtotheeyethantraditionalsolarpanels.Insteadofflatpanels,SolTechoffersaglasstile(瓦片)solutionthatgoeswellwithexistingtiledroofdesigns.Thesee-throughtileshaveasilver-graycolortothem,andtheirshapefitstraditionaltiledroofdesigns.SolTechcurrentlyoffersthesolarsystemsthatheatthehome’sairorwaterandonesolarPVsystemthatproduceselectricity.NewEnergyTechnologies,Inc.isdevelopingasolarapplicationthatwon’tbeinstalledonrooftops.Instead,thefirst-of-its-kindSolarWindowTMtechnologyenablessee-throughwindowstoproduceelectricityinthewayofshoweringtheirglasssurfaceswiththecompany’spatent-pending(专利申请中的)electricity-producingcoatings.Amazingly,SolarWindowTMcanproduceelectricityinlow-lightconditionsandcaneventurnindoorlightintoelectricity!Thisproductholdsgreatpromiseforcommercialbuildingssinceabout60percentofacommercialbuilding’ssurfaceiscoveredwithwindows.(Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANEIGHTWORDS.)78.Solarpanelsonhomeowners’rooftopsworkby__________.79.WhatisIKEAdoingtopopularizetheirDIYsolaroption?80.SolTech’ssolarpanelsareprettierbecausethesee-throughglasstilesare__________.81.HowisSolarWindowTMtechnologyusedtoproduceelectricity?第II卷（共47分）I.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1.看，十年前种的那棵树现在长得多高了呀！(how)2.