现代大学英语精读1第二版课后练习答案解析

Unit10Preview1ListentotherecordingofthetextandChoosethestatementthatbestreflectsyourunderstanding.1.D2.D3.D4.BVocabulary1Becomefamiliarwiththeruleofwordformation.1Gvision2Givethecorrespondingverbsforthefollowingnouns.1.garden2.fertilize3.mix6.fail7.endure8.alternate9.result10.satisfy4.liberate5.require3Translatethefollowingexpressions.Pointoutwhich–ingformis1/11agerundandwhichapresentparticiple.1.一家建筑公司（gerund）2.缺少一个环节（presentparticiple）15.狩猎的季节（gerund）16.最后的润色（gerund）17.指导原则（presentparticiple）3.一个动人的故事（presentparticiple）18.下个星期（presentparticiple）4.阅读技能（gerund）5.一件泳衣（gerund）6.落日（presentparticiple）7.起居（gerund）室19.颤抖的双腿（presentparticiple）20.一渔网（gerund）8.睡美人（presentparticiple）21.一根手杖（gerund）9.安眠药片（gerund）10.乏味的讲演/报告（presentparticiple）22.现有的制度（presentparticiple）23.饮食习惯（gerund）24.（比萨）斜塔（presentparticiple）11.饮用水（gerund）12.流血的鼻子（presentparticiple）25.一个有前途的学生（presentparticiple）13.藏身之处（gerund）14.太笼统/绝对的话（presentparticiple）26.正在增长的人口（presentparticiple）4ComparethefollowingexpressionsandtranslatethemintoChinese.2/11

1.发展中国家；发达国家3.正在沸腾的水；开水2.正在落下的树叶；落下的树叶4.正在退败的战斗；一场败仗2Completethefollowingverb+collocationsorexpressions.1.have/get/show/produce/achieve2.have/take/accept/show/bear/assume3.discuss/debate/raise/settle/confuse/avoid4.pursue/have/develop5.have/make/lose/avoid6.face/lives/time/money/trouble7.roots/chairs/hats/coats/gloves/shoes/bandages/make-up/doubts8.land9.enemies/rivals/opponents/suspects/errors10.oil/cars/cotton/results/amovie11.care/time/money/experience/patience/courage12.thedead/treasure/past/head13.plants/children/animals/relationship14.meetings/appointments/time/place/books/flowers/businessaffairs3Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheexpressionslistedbelow.1.cutout,removed/cutout,vides/supplies,with3.broughtback4.ask,permission5.empty6.take,in,throughtrialand3/11error9.insomeways,atheart7.read,into8.atgreatlength,providing,with4Fillintheblankswiththecorrectprepositionsoradverbs.1.in6.up2.up7.out8.up3.away4.way5.out9.with5TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.如果他们拒绝归还这些小岛，他们两国的关系就不能完全正常化。Iftheyrefusedtogivebackthesesmallislands,thetwocountrieswouldnotbeabletonormalizetheirdiplomaticrelationscompletely.2.我知道放弃这个机会十分愚蠢，但我别无选择。Iknowthatitisstupidtogiveupthisopportunity,butIhavenootherchoice/alternative.3.由于缺少公众的支持，白宫最后退让了。Forlackofpublicsupport,theWhiteHousehadtogiveinatlast.4.要一下子消灭毒品不可能，但现在世界上每年都有几百万以上的人成功地戒了烟。4/11Itmaynotbepossibletoeliminatedrugsallatonce/immediately/atonego,butnowtherearemillionsofpeoplethroughouttheworldwhosucceedinkickingthehabitofcigarettesmokingeveryyear.5.我们已经和对方代表联系。我们已安排不久在会面，讨论双方有兴趣的重要问题。WehavealreadymadecontactwiththerepresentativesoftheothersideandarrangedtomeetinXiamenbeforelongtodiscussimportantissueswearebothinterestedin.6.有一天，那座新楼突然倒塌，楼里很多人都被埋了。Oneday,thatnewbuildingsuddenlygaveway/collapsed/felldown,buryingmanypeopleunderit.7.爱情是要双方培养的，而真正的爱表现在给予而不是在获取上。Loverequiresnourishmentfrombothsides,andtrueloveisinthegiving,notinthetaking.8.奶奶的健康已有改善，她就开始把她的财产分发给她的亲戚朋友。AssoonasGrandma’shealthimproved,shebegantogiveoutherbelongingstoherfolksandfriends.9.一种长久的友好关系要求双方都十分真诚。Itrequiresperfecthonestyonbothsidestocultivatealasting/anenduringfriendlyrelationship.10.据称，今年的经济计划已经完成，国市场也非常繁荣。Itisannouncedthatoureconomicplanthisyearhasbeenfulfilledandourdomestic/homemarkethasalsobeenflourishing.5/11

6Rewritethefollowingsentences,replacingthephrasesinboldtypewithwordsandexpressionsfromthetext.1.theprisonauthoritiesinformedus/announced,manuallaborwouldend,arrange2.pursuemytwofavoritehobbies3.Ifyouwanttosurvivetheprison,trytodevelopwaystotakesatisfaction4.fulfilled5.askedthemforpermissionto,refused,vided/suppliedmewithseeds,regretgivingmepermissionto,once,gardenbegantoflourish,provided,warderswith8.notuntilIwasbehindbars,tend9.atgreatlength,whatshereadinto10.hardyplants,Myfavorite7Translatethefollowingsentences,payingattentiontothewordsinboldtypewhichmayhavedifferentmeaningsindifferentcontexts.1.缺水已经成了一个大问题。我们的钢厂可能得搬到远处去。2.在沙漠里往往只有那些根很深、叶子很少的植物才能存活。3.你看了这本杂志的最新一期了吗？一位著名的科学家相信我们将在今后两年里在外太空找到生物。4.她问我有没有政府颁发的关于细胞研究的法律文件，我说我不知道。6/115.牢房里除了两小床和一书桌，几乎没什么空间放其他任何东西了。6.我得去为我的手机弄一个新的干电池来。7.在镇上他给女儿买了一块巧克力，然后他在离学校不远的酒吧喝了几杯啤酒。8.那些犯罪分子被关进铁窗（bar长棒，喻指监狱）以后，老百姓感觉如此安全，以至于晚上都不插门闩了。9.有些人说过，这个年轻人是当律师的料，谁也没想到结果他会进班房去。10.杰克逊在战争期间曾经是有意安插在非洲的一个美国间谍。Grammar1Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingato-infinitivephrase.1.Toimprovetheirskills,tabletennisplayershadbettergotoChinafortraining.2.(Inorder)Tostayaliveinthewild,themountaineerstrappedinthemountainshadtoeatwhatevertheycouldfind-grass,treeleaves,andevenants.3.Toliveclosetonature,thefamilymovedtothecountryside.4.Itishumantolongforwhattheydon’thave,andnottovaluewhattheyhave.5.Ittakestwotomakeaquarrel.6.Itgives/offersProfessorChendeepsatisfactiontohearofherformerstudents’achievements.7.Couldyouarrangeformetomeetthechairmanofthedepartment7/11sometimethisweek?8.I’vebroughtadetectivestoryforyoutoreadduringyourtriptoNanjing.9.Theyfinallyrealizethattoraisewagesandsalariesmeansincreasingpurchasingpower.10.Itisnothardtofindthetruth;whatishardisnottorunawayfromitwhenyouhavefoundit.2Rewritethesentencesortheunderlinedpartsusingeither…or…orneither…nor…1.Hespendsmostofhistimeeitherinthelaborinhisoffice.2.Eithershe’schangedalot,oryouneverreallyknewher!3.Theresidentsreceivedthenewscalmly;theywereneitherdepressednordelighted.4.Theclasswassoboringthatthechildrenwereeitherasleeporentirelyabsorbed/employedinplayorotheractivities.5.Mygrandparentscouldneitherreadnorwrite,buttheywerebothwellrespectedfortheircommunityspirit.6.ThenewJerseyNetswasnotthefirstchoiceeitherofTimhimselforhisteammanager.7.Duringthewar,everyfamilylosteitherthefather,orthehusband,orabrother,orason,andsometimesfourpeopleinonefamilywerekilled.8/118.Hehasneithertheleadershipqualitiesnorthepersonalcharmtoinspirepeople.9.I’msorryIcan’thelpyou.I’veneitherknownnorheardofsuchaperson.10.Wheneverthegarbagemangreetedpeopleonhisbeat,mostoftentheresponsewaseithernothingatalloralookofsurprise.3TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingato-infinitiveoreither…or…/neither…nor…1.他反复说他来中国是为了扩展自己的视野（broaden/widen/expandhishorizons）HesaidagainandagainthathehadcometoChinatobroadenhishorizon.2.朱丽叶说一天辛苦的工作之后，她没有时间也没有精力做运动了。Juliasaysshehasneitherthetimenortheenergyforsportsafteraday’shardwork.3.有时候公开不同意自己顶头上司（immediateboss）的意见是需要勇气的。Sometimesittakescouragetodisagreeopenlywithone’simmediateboss.4.这里的老师和学生都认为学英语没有什么捷径。NeithertheteachersnorthestudentsherebelievethereisanyshortcutinlearningEnglish.5.多数大学毕业生在毕业时都面临两种选择：找工作或考研。9/11Upongraduation,mostcollegestudentshavetwooptions:eithertofindajobortogotograduateschool.6.让遭受洪水的灾民都有住处是救灾人员（reliefworkers）当前的头号任务。Toseeallthefloodvictimsproperlyhousedisthereliefworkers’numberonetaskatpresent.7.在中国期间，我希望能安排我见见我在这里的几位老朋友。DuringmystayinChina,Iwouldlikeyoutoarrangeformetoseesomeofmyoldfriends.8.为了避免房价上涨过快，政府保证要采取以系列政策。Inordertopreventthepriceofhousesfromgoinguptoofast,thegovernmentpromisedtoadopt/launchaseriesofpolicies.9.这种面试一般都在饭店或咖啡厅举行，从不在办公室举行。Suchinterviewsaregenerallyconductedeitherinahotelorinacafé,neverinoffices.10.他们开办了一家收容所，这个城市里无家可归的人在极端天气情况下（inextremeweatherconditions）可以在这里过夜。Theyopenedashelterforthecity’shomelesstostayovernightinextremeweatherconditions.4FillineachblankofthepassagewithONEsuitable