2020考研英语阅读冲刺模拟题及答案合集

2020考研英语阅读冲刺模拟题及答案合集

目录

2020考研英语阅读冲刺模拟题及答案（1）.........................2

2020考研英语阅读冲刺模拟题及答案（2）.......................10

2020考研英语阅读冲刺模拟题及答案（3）.......................20

2020考研英语阅读冲刺模拟题及答案（4）.......................31

2020考研英语阅读冲刺模拟题及答案（5）.......................41

2020考研英语阅读冲刺模拟题及答案（1）

BernardBailynhasrecentlyreinterpretedtheearlyhistory

oftheUnitedStatesbyapplyingnewsocialresearchfindingson

theexperiencesofEuropeanmigrants.Inhis

reinterpretation,migrationbecomestheorganizingprinciplefor

rewritingthehistoryofpreindustrialNorthAmerica.His

approachrestsonfourseparatepropositions.

Thefirstoftheseassertsthatresidentsofearlymodern

Englandmovedregularlyabouttheircountrysidemigratingto

theNewWorldwassimplyanaturalspillover.Althoughatfirst

thecoloniesheldlittlepositiveattractionfortheEnglish

&mdashtheywouldratherhavestayedhome&mdashbythe

eighteenthcenturypeopleincreasinglymigratedtoAmerica

becausetheyregardeditasthelandofopportunity.

Secondly,Bailynholdsthat,contrarytothenotionthatusedto

flourishinAmericahistorytextbooks,therewasneveratypical

NewWorldcommunity.Forexample,theeconomicand

demographiccharacterofearlyNewEnglandtownsvaried

considerably.

Bailyn'sthirdpropositionsuggesttwogeneralpatterns

prevailingamongthemanythousandsofmigrants:onegroup

cameasindenturedservants,anothercametoacquireland.

Surprisingly,Bailynsuggeststhatthosewhorecruited

indenturedservantswerethedrivingforcesoftransatlantic

migration.Thesecolonialentrepreneurshelpeddeterminethe

socialcharacterofpeoplewhocametopreindustrialNorth

America.Atfirst,thousandsofunsk川edlaborerswererecruited

bythe1730's,however,Americanemployersdemandedskilled

artisans.

Finally,Bailynarguesthatthecolonieswereahalf-civilized

hinterlandoftheEuropeanculturesystem.Heisundoubtedly

correcttoinsistthatthecolonieswerepartofan

Anglo-Americanempire.ButtodividetheempireintoEnglish

coreandcolonialperiphery,asBailyndoes,devaluesthe

achievementsofcolonialculture.Itistrue,asBailynclaims,that

highcultureinthecoloniesnevermatchedthatinEngland.But

whatofseventeenth-centuryNewEngland,wherethesettlers

createdeffectivelaws,builtadistinguisheduniversity,and

publishedbooks?BailynmightrespondthatNewEnglandwas

exceptional.However,theideasandinstitutionsdevelopedby

NewEnglandPuritanshadpowerfuleffectsonNorthAmerican

culture.

AlthoughBailyngoesontoapplyhisapproachtosome

thousandsofindenturedservantswhomigratedjustpriorto

therevolution,hefailstolinktheirexperiencewiththepolitical

developmentoftheUnitedStates.Evidencepresentedinhis

worksuggestshowwemightmakesuchaconnection.These

indenturedservantsweretreatedasslavesfortheperiod

duringwhichtheyhadsoldtheirtimetoAmericanemployers.

Itisnotsurprisingthatassoonastheyservedtheirtimethey

passedupgoodwagesinthecitiesandheadedwesttoensure

theirpersonalindependencebyacquiringland.Thus,itisinthe

westthatapeculiarlyAmericanpoliticalculturebegan,among

colonistswhoweresuspiciousofauthorityandintensely

anti-aristocratic.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutmigrantsto

colonialNorthAmericaissupportedbyinformationinthetext?

[A]AlargerpercentageofmigrantstocolonialNorth

Americacameasindenturedservantsthanasfreeagents

interestedinacquiringland.

[B]Migrantswhocametothecoloniesasindentured

servantsweremoresuccessfulatmakingalivelihoodthanwere

farmersandartisans.

[C]MigrantstocolonialNorthAmericaweremore

successfulatacquiringtheirownlandduringtheeighteenth

centurythanduringtheseventeenthcentury.

[D]Bythe1730's,migrantsalreadyskilledinatradewere

inmoredemandbyAmericanemployersthanwereunskilled

laborers.

TheauthorofthetextstatesthatBailynfailedto

[A]givesufficientemphasistotheculturalandpolitical

interdependenceofthecoloniesandEngland.

[B]describecarefullyhowmigrantsofdifferentethnic

backgroundspreservedtheircultureintheUnitedStates.

[C]takeadvantageofsocialresearchontheexperiencesof

colonistswhomigratedtocolonialNorthAmericaspecificallyto

acquireland.

[D]relatetheexperienceofthemigrantstothepolitical

valuesthateventuallyshapedthecharacteroftheUnited

States.

Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheauthor's

evaluationofBailyn'sfourthproposition?

[A]Itistotallyimplausible.

[B]Itispartiallyacceptable.

[C]Itishighlyadmirable.

[D]Itiscontroversialthoughpersuasive.

AccordingtothetextzBailynandtheauthoragreeon

whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthecultureofcolonial

NewEngland?

[A]HighcultureinNewEnglandneverequaledthehigh

cultureofEngland.

[B]TheculturalachievementsofcolonialNewEngland

havegenerallybeenunrecognizedbyhistorians.

[C]ThecolonistsimitatedthehighcultureofEngland,

anddidnotdevelopaculturethatwasuniquelytheirown.

[D]Thesoutherncoloniesweregreatlyinfluencedbythe

highcultureofNewEngland.

Theauthorofthetextwouldbemostlikelytoagreewith

whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutBailyn'swork?

[A]BailynunderestimatestheeffectsofPuritanthought

onNorthAmericanculture.

[B]Bailynoveremphasizestheeconomicdependenceof

thecoloniesonGreatBritain.

[C]Bailyn'sdesciptionofthecoloniesaspartofan

Anglo-Americanempireismisleadingandincorrect.

[D]Bailynfailedtotesthispropositionsonaspecificgroup

ofmigrantstocolonialNorthAmerica.

[答案与考点解析]

「答案」D

「考点解析」这是一道审题定位题。题干中的“migrants"

一词暗示本题的答案信息在第一段或第三段，因为这两段的

首句都含有"migrants”一词。又根据题干中的"supported”一

词，我们可以推断出本题的答案信息来源应该在原文的第三

段，因为作者应该在第三段提出相应证据来“支持"(supported)

自己的观点。过仔细阅读和理解第三段，尤其是第三段的尾

句，我们可以推导出本题的正确选项应该是D.考生在解题时

一定要有审题定位的能力，更要具备善于理解原文中启承转

合所传达的含义。

「答案」D

「考点解析」这是一道细节理解题。题干中的“failed〃一

词暗示本题的答案信息应该在尾段，因为尾段中含有“fails"

一词。根据阅读和理解首段尾句，我们可以推导出本题的正

确选项是D.考生在解题时一定要善于理解原文中所传达的

中心含义。

「答案」B

「考点解析」本题是一道归纳推导题。本题题干中的

“Bailyn'sfourthproposition”将本题的答案信息来源确定在原

文的第四段。过仔细阅读和理解本段的每一句话，尤其是第

二、三句话和四、五句话，我们可以推导出本题的正确选项

应该是B.考生在解题时一定要善于归纳和推导原文的内容，

更要善于体会上下句之间的语意关系。

「答案」A

「考点解析」这是一道细节推导题。题干中的"culture”

一词暗示本题的答案信息来源在第四段，因为第四段首句包

含“culture〃一词。过仔细阅读和理解第四段的每一句话，尤

其是第四句，我们可以推导出本题的正确选项应该是A.考生

在解题时一定要注意原文中重点词语所表达的含义，以及重

点词语在选项中的替换形式。

「答案」A

「考点解析」这是一道审题定位题。题干并没有明确指

出本题答案信息在原文中的准确位置。在这种情况下，考生

一定要抓住全文的中心主旨，以及每段的重要句。本题的答

案信息来源在第四段的尾句，这是一个由转折词“however”

引导的句子。过仔细阅读理解本句，我们可以推导出本题的

正确选项是A.考生在解题时一定要重视原文中表达启承转合

的词语，因为这往往是出题的重点。

2020考研英语阅读冲刺模拟题及答案（2）

AsGilbertWhite,Darwin,andothersobservedlongago,

allspeciesappeartohavetheinnatecapacitytoincreasetheir

numbersfromgenerationtogeneration.Thetaskforecologists

istountangletheenvironmentalandbiologicalfactorsthat

holdthisintrinsiccapacityforpopulationgrowthincheckover

thelongrun.Thegreatvarietyofdynamicbehaviorsexhibited

bydifferentpopulationmakesthistaskmoredifficult：some

populationsremainroughlyconstantfromyeartoyearothers

exhibitregularcyclesofabundanceandscarcitystillothersvary

wildly,withoutbreaksandcrashesthatareinsomecases

plainlycorrelatedwiththeweather,andinothercasesnot.

Toimposesomeorderonthiskaleidoscopeofpatterns,

oneschoolofthoughtproposesdividingpopulationsintotwo

groups.Theseecologistspositthattherelativelysteady

populationshavedensity-dependentgrowthparametersthat

is,ratesofbirth,death,andmigrationwhichdepend

stronglyonpopulationdensity.Thehighlyvaryingpopulations

havedensity-independentgrowthparameters,withvitalrates

buffetedbyenvironmentaleventstheseratesfluctuateina

waythatiswhollyindependentofpopulationdensity.

Thisdichotomyhasitsuses,butitcancauseproblemsif

takentooliterally.Foronething,nopopulationcanbedriven

entirelybydensity-independentfactorsallthetime.Nomatter

howseverelyorunpredictablybirth,death,andmigration

ratesmaybefluctuatingaroundtheirlong-termaverages,if

therewerenodensity-dependenteffects,thepopulation

would,inthelongrun,eitherincreaseordecreasewithout

bound(barringamiraclebywhichgainsandlossescanceled

exactly)oPutanotherway,itmaybethatonaverage99

percentofalldeathsinapopulationarisefrom

density-independentcauses,andonlyonepercentfrom

factorsvaryingwithdensity.Thefactorsmakinguptheone

percentmayseemunimportant,andtheircausemaybe

correspondinglyhardtodetermine.Yet,whetherrecognized

ornot,theywillusuallydeterminethelong-termaverage

populationdensity.

Inordertounderstandthenatureoftheecologist"s

investigation,wemaythinkofthedensity-dependenteffects

ongrowthparametersasthesignalecologistsaretryingto

isolateandinterpret,onethattendstomakethepopulation

increasefromrelativelylowvaluesordecreasefromrelatively

highones,whilethedensity-independenteffectsactto

producenoiseinthepopulationdynamics.Forpopulationsthat

remainrelativelyconstant,orthatoscillatearoundrepeated

cycles,thesignalcanbefairlyeasilycharacterizedandits

effectsdescribed,eventhoughthecausativebiological

mechanismmayremainunknown.Forirregularlyfluctuating

populations,wearelikelytohavetoofewobservationsto

haveanyhopeofextractingthesignalfromtheoverwhelming

noise.Butitnowseemsclearthatallpopulationsareregulated

byamixtureofdensity-dependentanddensity-independent

effectsinvaryingproportions.

l.Theauthorofthetextisprimarilyconcernedwith

[A]discussingtwocategoriesoffactorsthatcontrol

populationgrowthandassessingtheirrelativeimportance.

[B]describinghowgrowthratesinnaturalpopulations

fluctuateovertimeandexplainingwhythesechangesoccur.

[C]proposingahypothesisconcerningpopulationsizeand

suggestingwaystotestit.

[D]posingafundamentalquestionaboutenvironmental

factorsinpopulationgrowthandpresentingsomecurrently

acceptedanswer.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheauthorconsiders

thedichotomydiscussedtobe

[A]applicableonlytoerraticallyfluctuatingpopulations.

[B]instrumental,butonlyifitslimitationsarerecognized.

[C]dangerouslymisleadinginmostcircumstances.

[D]acompleteandsufficientwaytoaccountforobserved

phenomena.

3.Accordingtothetext,allofthefollowingbehaviors

havebeenexhibitedbydifferentpopulationsEXCEPT

[A]roughlyconstantpopulationlevelsfromyeartoyear.

[B]regularcyclesofincreasesanddecreasesinnumbers.

[C]erraticincreasesinnumberscorrelatedwiththe

weather.

[D]uncheckedincreasesinnumbersovermany

generations.

4.Thediscussionconcerningpopulationinthethird

paragraphservesprimarilyto

[A]demonstratethedifficultiesecologistsfaceinstudying

density-dependentfactorslimitingpopulationgrowth.

[B]advocatemorerigorousstudyofdensity-dependent

factorsinpopulationgrowth.

[C]provethatthedeathratesofanypopulationarenever

entirelydensity-independent.

[D]underlinetheimportanceofevensmall

density-dependentfactorsinregulatinglong-termpopulation

densities.

5.Inthetext,theauthordoesallofthefollowingEXCEPT

[A]citetheviewsofotherbiologists.

[B]defineabasicproblemthatthetextaddresses.

[C]presentconceptualcategoriesusedbyotherbiologists.

[D]describetheresultsofaparticularstudy.

［考点解析］

1.「答案」A

「考点解析」这是一道中心主旨题。本文的中心主旨句

在第三段的首句。如果考生能够抓住第三段的首句就等于抓

住了整篇文章的论述结构。该句中的"dichotomy"（两分法）就

是正确选项A中的"twocategories”。考生在解题时应首先抓

住每篇文章的中心主旨句，因为这决定了对全文结构的认识

以及对原文整体的把握。

2.I■答案」B

「考点解析」这是一道细节推导题。根据题干中的

“dichotomy〃可将本题的答案信息来源迅速确定在第二段的

首句。如果考生能够正确理解该句中“but〃一词前后的内容，

就可以找出本题的正确选项B.考生在解题时一定要正确理解

原文所传达的含义，即进行正确的细节推导。

3.I■答案」D

「考点解析」这是一道审题定位与中心主旨题。根据本

题题干中的"differentpopulations”可将本题的答案信息来源

确定在首段的第一句，因为该句中的"allspecies〃实际上指的

就是题干中的"differentpopulations"。从第一段的首句入手并

且仔细阅读首段的第二句，就可以找出本题的正确选项D,

因为该选项所传达的信息与原文第一段第一、二句所传达的

信息不一致。考生在解题时一定要学会迅速审题定位的能

力。

4.「答案」D

「考点解析」本题是一道归纳推导题。题干已明确指出

该题的答案信息来源在第三段。第三段主要陈述

“density-dependentfactors”的作用，过仔细阅读第三段，尤

其是第三段的最后三句话，考生可以得知本文作者在第三段

是在强调“density-dependentfactors”的作用。可见D是本题

的正确选项。考生在理解原文时一定要注意掌握归纳推导的

能力。

5.I■答案」D

「考点解析」本题是一道写作手法题。这是一道比较难

的题目，旨在考察考生的语言功底。本文作者在论述自己的

观点时运用了各种写作手段。选项A、B、C中所涉及的内容

分别在第一段、第三段和第二段中出现。考生一定要提高对

原文各种写作手段的认识。

2020考研英语阅读冲刺模拟题及答案（3）

Manyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedby

science,buttheirformandfunction,theirdimensionsand

appearance,weredeterminedby

technologists,artisans,designers,inventors,andengineers

&mdashusingnonscientificmodesofthought.Manyfeatures

andqualitiesoftheobjectsthatatechnologistthinksabout

cannotbereducedtounambiguousverbaldesriptionstheyare

dealtwithinthemindbyavisual,nonverbalprocess.Inthe

developmentofWesterntechnologyjthasbeennonverbal

thinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthe

detailsofourmaterialsurroundings.Pyramids,cathedrals,and

rocketsexistnotbecauseofgeometryorthermodynamics,but

becausetheywerefirstapictureinthemindsofthosewho

builtthem.

Thecreativeshapingprocessofatechnologist"smindcan

beseeninnearlyeveryartifactthatexists.Forexample,in

designingadieselenginezatechnologistmightimpress

individualwaysofnonverbalthinkingonthemachineby

continuallyusinganintuitivesenseofrightnessandfitness.

Whatwouldbetheshapeofthecombustionchamber?Where

shouldbevalvesbeplaced?Shouldithavealongorshort

piston?Suchquestionshavearangeofanswersthatare

suppliedbyexperiencezbyphysicalrequirements,bylimitations

ofavailablespace,andnotleastbyasenseofform.Some

decisionssuchaswallthicknessandpindiameter,maydepend

onscientificcalculations,butthenonscientificcomponentof

designremainsprimary.

Designcourses,then,shouldbeanessentialelementin

engineeringcurricula.Nonverbalthinking,acentralmechanism

inengineeringdesignjnvolvesperceptions,thestock-in-tradeof

theartist.notthescientist.Becauseperceptiveprocessesare

notassumedtoentailhardthinking,nonverbalthoughtis

sometimesseenasaprimitivestageinthedevelopmentof

cognitiveprocessesandinferiortoverbalormathematical

thought.ButitisparadoxicalthatwhenthestaffoftheHistoric

AmericanEngineeringRecordwishedtohavedrawingsmadeof

machinesandisometricviewsofindustrialprocessesforits

historicalrecordofAmericanengineering,theonlycollege

studentswiththerequisiteabilitieswerenotengineering

students,butratherstudentsattendingarchitecturalschools.

Ifcoursesindesign,whichinastronglyanalytical

engineeringcurriculumprovidethebackgroundrequiredfor

practicalproblem-solving,arenotprovided,wecanexpectto

encountersillybutcostlyerrorsoccurringinadvanced

engineeringsystems.Forexample.earlymodelsofhigh-speed

railroadcarsloadedwithsophisticatedcontrolswereunableto

operateinasnowstormbecauseafansuckedsnowintothe

electricalsystem.Absurdrandomfailuresthatplague

automaticcontrolsystemsarenotmerelytrivial

aberrationstheyareareflectionofthechaosthatresultswhen

designisassumedtobeprimarilyaprobleminmathematics.

l.lnthetext,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith

[A]identifyingthekindsofthinkingthatareusedby

technologists.

[B]stressingtheimportanceofnonverbalthinkingin

engineeringdesign.

[C]proposinganewrolefornonscientificthinkinginthe

developmentoftechnology.

[D]contrastingthegoalsofengineerswiththoseof

technologists.

2.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorthinksengineering

curriculaare

[A]strengthenedwhentheyincludecoursesindesign.

[B]weakenedbythesubstitutionofphysicalscience

coursesforcoursesdesignedtodevelopmathematicalskills.

[C]strongbecausenonverbalthinkingisstillemphasized

bymostofthecourses.

[D]strongdespitetheerrorsthatgraduatesofsuch

curriculahavemadeinthedevelopmentofautomaticcontrol

systems.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestillustratesthe

mainpointofthefirsttwoparagraphsofthetext?

[A]Whenamachinelikearotaryenginemalfunctionsjtis

thetechnologistwhoisbestequippedtorepairit.

[B]Eachcomponentofanautomobile&mdashfor

example,theengineorthefueltank&mdashhasashapethat

hasbeenscientificallydeterminedtobebestsuitedtothat

component"sfunction.

[C]Atelephoneisacomplexinstrumentdesignedby

technologistsusingonlynonverbalthought.

[D]Thedistinctivefeaturesofasuspensionbridgereflect

itsdesigner"sconceptualizationaswellasthephysical

requirementsofitssite.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldbestserveas

anintroductiontothetext?

[A]Theassumptionthattheknowledgeincorporatedin

technologicaldevelopmentsmustbederivedfromscience

ignoresthemanynonscientificdecisionsmadeby

technologists.

[B]Analyticalthoughtisnolongeravitalcomponentinthe

successoftechnologicaldevelopment.

[C]Asknowledgeoftechnologyhasincreased,the

tendencyhasbeentolosesightoftheimportantroleplayedby

scientificthoughtinmakingdecisionsabout

form,arrangement,andtexture.

[D]Amovementinengineeringcollegestowarda

technician"sdegreereflectsademandforgraduateswhohave

thenonverbalreasoningabilitythatwasoncecommonamong

engineers.

5.TheauthorcallsthepredicamentfacedbytheHistoric

AmericanEngineeringRecordparadoxical(line6,paragraph3)

mostprobablybecause

[A]thepublicationneededdrawingsthatitsownstaff

couldnotmake.

[B]architecturalschoolsofferedbutdidnotrequire

engineeringdesigncoursesfortheirstudents.

[C]collegestudentswerequalifiedtomakethedrawings

whilepracticingengineerswerenot.

[D]engineeringstudentswerenottrainedtomakethe

typeofdrawingsneededtorecordthedevelopmentoftheir

owndiscipline.

[考点解析]

1.「答案」B

「考点解析」这是一道中心主旨题。本题的正确答案信

息点在原文第一段的倒数第二句，该句强调"nonverbal

thinking〃的重要性。可见本题的正确选项应该是B.考生在破

解中心主旨题时一定要首先找出原文的中心主旨句。

2.「答案」A

F考点解析」这是一道反推题。根据题干中的"engineering

curricula〃可将本题的正确答案信息来源确定在原文的第三段

第一句。该句中"should”一词的理解十分重要。"should"是"应

该做〃而实际上确“没有做〃。根据"shouId〃一词并且结合第三

段第一句进行反推即逆向思维，可得出本题的正确选项是A.

考生在解题时应该重视关键的语言信号词，更要加强反推的

能力。

3.「答案」D

「考点解析」本题是一道细节归纳推导题。其实只要考

生抓住第一段中的中心主旨句（倒数第二句）和第二段中的中

心主旨句（倒数第一句），就不难寻找出本题的正确答案D.要

想知道某一段的主要含义就要首先找出该段的中心主旨句。

另外考生在破解此类题型时还要善于根据中心主旨句进行

合理的逻辑推导。

4.I■答案」A

「考点解析」这是一道中心主旨题。如果考生抓住了全

文的中心主旨句（第一段的倒数第二句）以及每段的中心主旨

句（例如第二段的倒数第一句），就不难寻找出本题的正确选

项A,因为该选项所强调的内容与这些中心主旨句所表达的

内容是相互一致的。考生在破解中心主旨题型时一定要具备

寻找和理解中心主旨句的能力。

5.「答案」D

「考点解析」本题是一道细节推导题。题干已经将本题

的答案信息确定在第三段的尾句，该句强调的是"engineering

students”在教育方面的缺陷，因此本题的正确选项应该是D.

如果考生在理解此句时有困难，可借助于本段的主题句（第三

段第一句）来破解本题。第三段第一句强调的是"engineering

curricula"缺乏"designcourses”。这句话同样是表明

''engineeringstudents”在教育方面的缺失。考生在破解此类题

型时一定要善于总结和归纳原文的信息。

2020考研英语阅读冲刺模拟题及答案（4）

Proponentsofdifferentjazzstyleshavealwaysarguedthat

theirpredecessor"smusicalstyledidnotincludeessential

characteristicsthatdefinejazzasjazz.Thus,1940"sswingwas

belittledbybeboppersofthe1950"swhowerethemselves

attackedbyfreejazzesofthe1960"s.Theneoboppersofthe

1980"sand1990"sattackedalmosteverybodyelse.Thetitanic

figureofBlacksaxophonistJohnColtranehascomplicatedthe

argumentsmadebyproponentsofstylesfrombebopthrough

neobopbecauseinhisownmusicaljourneyhedrewfromall

thosestyles.Hisinfluenceonalltypesofjazzwas

immeasurable.Attheheightofhispopularity,Coltranelargely

abandonedplayingbebop,thestylethathadbroughthimfame,

toexploretheouterreachesofjazz.

Coltranehimselfprobablybelievedthattheonlyessential

characteristicofjazzwasimprovisation,theoneconstantinhis

journeyfrombeboptoopen-endedimprovisationsonmodal,

Indian,andAfricanmelodies.Ontheotherhand,thisdogged

studentandprodigioustechnician&mdashwhoinsistedon

spendinghourseachdaypracticingscalesfromtheorybooks

&mdashwasneverabletojettisoncompletelytheinfluenceof

bebop,withitsfastandelaboratechainsofnotesand

ornamentsonmelody.

TwostylisticcharacteristicsshapedthewayColtrane

playedthetenorsaxophone:hefavoredplayingfastrunsof

notesbuiltonamelodyanddependedonheavy,regularly

accentedbeats.ThefirstledColtranetosheetsofsound”

whereheracedfasterandfaster,pile-drivingnotesintoeach

othertosuggeststackedharmonies.Thesecondmeantthathis

senseofrhythmwasalmostasclosetorockastobebop.

ThreerecordingsillustrateColtrane"senergizing

explorations.RecordingKindofBluewithMilesDavis,Coltrane

foundhimselfoutsidebop,exploringmodalmelodies.Herehe

playedsurging,lengthysolosbuiltlargelyaroundrepeated

motifs&mdashanorganizingprincipleunlikethatoffreejazz

saxophoneplayerOrnetteColeman,whomodulatedoraltered

melodiesinhissolos.OnGiantSteps,Coltranedebutedas

leader,introducinghisowncompositions.Herethesheetsof

sound,downbeataccents,repetitions,andgreatspeedarepart

ofeachsolo,andthevarietyoftheshapesofhisphrasesis

unique.Coltrane"ssearchingexplorationsproducedsolid

achievement.MyFavoriteThingswasanotherkindof

watershed.HereColtraneplayedthesopranosaxophone,an

instrumentseldomusedbyjazzmusicians.Musically,the

resultswereastounding.Withthesoprano"spipingsound,

ideasthathadsoundeddarkandbroodingacquiredafeelingof

giddyfantasy.

WhenColtranebeganrecordingfortheImpulse!Label,he

wasstillsearching.Hismusicbecameraucous,physical.His

influenceonrockerswasenormous,includingJimiHendrix,the

rockguitarist,who,followingColtrane,raisedtheextended

guitarsolousingrepeatedmotifstoakindofrockartform.

Theprimarypurposeofthetextisto

[A]discusstheplaceofColtraneintheworldofjazzand

describehismusicalexplorations.

[B]examinethenatureofbebopandcontrastitwith

improvisationaljazz.

[C]analyzethemusicalsourcesofColtrane"sstyleand

theirinfluenceonhiswork.

[D]acknowledgetheinfluenceofColtrane"smusiconrock

musicandrockmusicians.

Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationof

thefourthparagraph?

[A]Athesisreferredtoearlierinthetextismentionedand

illustratedwiththreespecificexamples.

[B]Athesisisstatedandthreeexamplesaregiveneach

suggestingthatacorrectionneedstobemadetoathesis

referredtoearlierinthetext.

[C]Athesisreferredtoearlierinthetextismentioned,

andthreeexamplesarepresentedandrankedinorderoftheir

supportofthethesis.

[D]Athesisisstated,threeseeminglyopposingexamples

arepresented,andtheirunderlyingcorrespondenceis

explained.

Accordingtothetext,JohnColtranedidallofthefollowing

duringhiscareerEXCEPT

[A]improviseonmelodiesfromanumberofdifferent

cultures.

[B]performasleaderaswellassoloist.

[C]spendtimeimprovinghistechnicalskills.

[D]eliminatetheinfluenceofbeboponhisownmusic.

AccordingtothetextamajordifferencebetweenColtrane

andotherjazzmusicianswasthe

[A]degreetowhichColtrane"smusicencompassedallof

jazz.

[B]repetitionofmotifsthatColtraneusedinhissolos.

[C]numberofhisowncompositionsthatColtrane

recorded.

[D]indifferenceColtranemaintainedtomusicaltechnique.

Intermsofitstoneandform,thetextcanbestbe

characterizedas

[A]dogmaticexplanation.

[B]indignantdenial.

[C]enthusiasticpraise.

[D]speculativestudy.

［答案与考点解析］

「答案」A

「考点解析」本题是一道中心主旨题。第一段的倒数第

一、二句是全文的中心主旨句，全文就是根据这两句话展开

论述的。抓住这两句话就可以找出本题的正确选项A.考生在

解题时，尤其是破解中心主旨题时，一定要先找出全文的中

心主旨句。

「答案」C

「考点解析」这是一道例（举）证与细节理解题。第四段

第一句明确指出"三张唱片为科尔特兰尼富有活力的探索提

供了证明〃。这说明第四段将讲述三个例子用来说明在前一段

即第三段所提出的论点。另外这三个例子是按着先后顺序给

出的，因此本题的正确选项是C.考生在解题时要注意段落之

间的相互关系，更要注意句子之间的相互关系。

「答案」D

「考点解析」这是一道细节理解题型。本题属于比较难

的题型，因为本题的涉及面比较广。本题A、B、C选项的内

容分别在第二段第一句、第四段第三四句和第二段第二句提

到过。故本题的正确选项应该是D.其实这道题表面上非常

难，但是对于善于捕捉全文中心主旨句的同学来讲确比较容

易，因为从第一段第四句的原因状语从句中就可以推导出本

题的正确答案D.考生在解题时应时时牢记全文的中心主旨

句。

「答案」A

「考点解析」本题是一道审题定位题型。根据本题题干

中的"otherjazzmusicians”可将本题的答案信息来源定位在

第一段的第一至四句，因为在这四句话中提到了其它的爵士

音乐家。第一段第四句的状语从句明确指出了“Coltrane〃与其

它音乐家的不同在于他吸收了各种风格的爵士音乐。故本题

的正确答案应该是A.考生在解题时应重视审题定位。

「答案」C

「考点解析」本题是一道归纳推导题型。细心的同学可

从本文作者在论述时使用的词语中推导出本题的正确答案C.

例如作者在第一段第四句的主语上使用了"titanicfigure”在

第五句使用了"hisinfluence...wasimmeasurable”在最后一段

的第三句使用了"hisinfluence...wasenormous”,这都反映了

作者的"enthusiasticpraise”。考生在解题时要重视原文作者在

表达观点时的遣词造句。

2020考研英语阅读冲刺模拟题及答案（5）

RogerRosenblatt"sbookBlackFictionjnattemptingto

applyliteraryratherthansociopoliticalcriteriatoits

subject,successfullyalterstheapproachtakenbymostprevious

studies.AsRosenblattnotes,criticismofBlackwritinghasoften

servedasapretextforexpoundingonBlackhistory.Addison

Gayle"srecentwork,forexample,judgesthevalueofBlack

fictionbyovertlypoliticalstandards,ratingeachworkaccording

tothenotionsofBlackidentitywhichitpropounds.

Althoughfictionassuredlyspringsfrompolitical

circumstances,itsauthorsreacttothosecircumstancesinways

otherthanideological,andtalkingaboutnovelsandstories

primarilyasinstrumentsofideologycircumventsmuchofthe

fictionalenterprise.Rosenblatt"sliteraryanalysisdiscloses

affinitiesandconnectionsamongworksofBlackfictionwhich

solelypoliticalstudieshaveoverlookedorignored.

WritingacceptablecriticismofBlackfiction,however,

presupposesgivingsatisfactoryanswerstoanumberof

questions.Firstofalljsthereasufficientreason,otherthanthe

facialidentityoftheauthors,togrouptogetherworksbyBlack

authors?SecondzhowdoesBlackfictionmakeitselfdistinct

fromothermodernfictionwithwhichitislargely

contemporaneous?RosenblattshowsthatBlackfiction

constitutesadistinctbodyofwritingthathasanidentifiable,

coherentliterarytrad