2022-2023年湖北省武汉市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)

2022-2023年湖北省武汉市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Boyshaveahigherriskofdevelopingheartdiseasethangirls.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

Thereisnotmuchchangeintheweatherinthetropicalrainforestsalltheyearround.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

Today,theterm"FedExapackage"haslongbeenrecognizedtomean______.

4.

Treescanindirectlyhelptheexpositionofcalciumandmagnesiumwiththeirroots______.

5.

ThegrowingresistancetoAmericancultureinFranceresultsfromthefrustrationsoverIraqwarand______.

6.

Aftershegotanewjob,LisaPerezregrettedthatshehadnotdonevolunteeringworkearlier.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Mr.Bellavancecashedouthispension,soldhishouseandunloadedthingshedidn'tneedatgarageafterlosinghisjobinordertochangehisfinancesinto______mode.

8.

Tothepointofweight,afatcalorieis______fromaproteincaloriebecausetheybothareunitsofenergy.

9.

LaterinlifeNixonwasoftenproudofhiselementaryschoolteacherMissGeorgebecausesheheldthathehadaphotographicmind.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

ThomasMalthuswasanAnglicanclergyman.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

Theeverydayactivitiesofanofficespaceareusuallynotfixedandactuallyquiteflexible.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

MaryLynMillerherselfwasoncequitedissatisfiedwithherownwork.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

Wemustderivehydrogenfromrenewablesourceswithaviewtoapurehydrogeneconomy.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.Comparedwiththeir1960scounterparts,theundergraduatesinMs.Blum'sresearchpreferto______.

A.challengethenotionofauthorshipandoriginality

B.establishauniqueandauthenticidentity

C.haveatryonmanydifferentpersonas

D.domoresocialworkbyWeb-linking

15.

Ifyoufailtosay"thankyou"tothereceptionists,theywillhavenegativeimpressionsofyou.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

AtthenightofMonday,Decemberfifth,atthemeetingsthroughoutthecountry,blacksinMontgomeryagreedtorefusetogetoncitybusesuntilthecitybusesremovedtheir______.

17.IfsomebodywhoisstillalivereceivesaphonecallfromChina,thiscallisverypossiblydialedby______.

18.Besidesthefeatureof"doingmorewithless",thesphericalstructureofdomecanalsoallownatural______withoutobstruction.

19.

TheJapaneseequivalentofGUANXIinChineseis______.

20.

Apersonwithsleepapneawillpossiblyhavethesymptomlike______.

A.failingtowakeupinthemorning

B.stoppingbreathingrepeatedly

C.failingtoconcentrateonhisthinking

D.stayingawakeallthenight

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.【B7】

22.听力原文：M:MissBarnes,Iunderstandthatyouarequitting.

W:That'sright.Igavemysupervisortwoweeksadvancenoticeyesterday.

M:Ifyoudon'tmindmyasking,whyareyouleavingus?

W:I'mgoingtoworkforanotherlawfirm,Snodgrass,EllingtonandPitts.

M:Whyareyougoingtoworkforthem?

W:Theyofferedmeabettersalary.

M:Well,MissBarnes,goodlegalsecretariesarehardtofindandwe'vebeenquitesatisfiedwithyourworkhere.I'llbegladtomatchwhateverSnodgrass,EllingtonandPittsofferedyou.

W:YoushouldhavesaidthatamonthagowhenIaskedyouforaraise.Istartedlookingforanewjobthenextday.

M:I'llevengiveyoutendollarsaweekmorethantheiroffer.

W:It'snotthemoney.Iwouldn'tworkforyou,ifyouofferedtodoublemysalary.IwanttoworkforsomeonewhoappreciatestheworkIdoandgivesmeraisesbeforeIhavetoaskforthem.

M:I'msorryyoufeelthatway,MissBarnes.

W:AndI'msorryIspentthepastyearworkingforyouinsteadofSnodgrass,EllingtonandPitts.

(20)

A.Lawyer.B.Supervisor.C.Accountant.D.Legalsecretary.

23.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Freelancephotographycanbeahighly【B1】______careerandcanpotentiallytakeyouaroundtheworld.Thescopeforworkislarge,aswellasthetraditionalsourcesof【B2】______andnewspapers.TheincreaseinInternetusagehasopenedupanother【B3】______foryoutosellyourworkorgainongoing【B4】______.Thedigitalagehas【B5】______theuseoftraditionalcamerawiththeongoingdevelopmentofdigitalcameras,andthereforereducedtheuseoftheolddarkroom【B6】______thatweretime【B7】______andpotentiallydamagingtohealthduetothetoxicchemicalsusedtoprocesspicturesfromfilm.

Atthetimeofwriting(2004)theuseofcolourphotographyisnotyet100yearsold,thefirst【B8】______colourfilmsbeingproducedbytheLumiereBrothersinFrancein1907.【B9】__________withtheintroductionofthefirstdigitalcamerasinthemid1990's.Thishasreducedalotoftheburdenandoverheadsoftraditionalphotography.Digitalcamerasnowallowyoutoseetheimagesyouhavetakenbeforeleavingthesceneandallowyoutoseetheresultsofsettingchangesleavingnoexcuseforlowqualityimages!Intheearlydaysofdigitalcamerastheresolutionwasnotgoodenoughforprofessionalimages,【B10】__________________theiroldSLRcamerasforadigitalequivalent.

Thisisexcellentnewsforthebuddingfreelancephotographerasequipmentcostsanddevelopingtimeshavebeenslashed.Withaqualitycameraavailableforaround￡500upwardsand【B11】_________________,theinitialsetupchargesforyourbusinesscanbefairlylow.

【B1】

24.听力原文：AnewreportsaysthecastofstudiesatpubliccollegesintheUnitedStatesincreasedfourteenpercentthisyear.Thisisthebiggestincreaseintuitioninthirtyyears.Butthestudyalsofoundthattheaveragestudentpaysalotlessthanthepublishedcostsofacollegeeducation,becauseofgrants.AnditpointsoutthatAmericanstudentsreceivedarecordamountoffinancialaidlastyear.

Studentsdonothavetorepaygrants,unlikefinancialaidintheform.ofloans.AbouthalfofAmericancollegestudentsreceivegrants.Thismeansthateducationcostsdifferfromstudenttostudent.

ThereportisfromtheCollegeBoard.Thisisanon-profitmembershipgroupofschoolsandothereducationalorganizations.Oneofitsbest-knownjobsistoadministercollegeentrancetests.

TheCollegeBoardsaystuitionattwo-yearpubliccollegesroseatthesamerateasfour-yearschools.

TheCollegeBoardsaystheincreasesweremainlycausedbycutsinstatespendingoneducation.Butacongressmansayscollegeshaveincreasedtheirpricesinbothgoodandbadeconomictimes.JohnBoehnerofOhioischairmanoftheHouseCommitteeonEducationandtheWorkforce.Hesayscollegesdonotwanttotalkabouttheirdecisionstospendmoneytobuildthingslikerock-climbingwalls.

TheCollegeBoardcollectedinformationfromfour-thousandcollegesanduniversities.Itsaystheaveragetotalchargeforstudentswholiveatapubliccollegeintheirstateisten-thousand-six-hundreddollars.Whiletuitionrosefourteenpercentthisyear,housingandothercostsincreasedatalowerrate.

Ataprivatecollege,totalchargesarealmosttwenty-seven-thousanddollars.Thatisanincreaseofaboutsixpercentoverlastyear.

(33)

A.Itisakindofcoststhestudentsshouldpayforstudies.

B.Itisaform.offinancialaidthestudentsdon'thavetopayhack.

C.Itisthemoneythatthestudentsgetfromthecolleges.

D.Itisakindofloansthestudentsshouldrepaywhentheyhavejobs.

25.

【B4】

26.听力原文：M:I'mplanningtobuyahouse,andI'dliketofindoutaboutamortgage.I'macustomerofthebank.Asamatteroffact,mywholeFamilybankshere.

W:Ihavesomequestionstoask.Doyouownyourhouseordoyourent?

M:Neither.Ilivewithmyparents,Dr.andMrs.PhilipBlair.

W:Andhowoldareyou?

M:I'mtwenty-nine.

W:And,Mr.Blair,whatisyouroccupation?

M:I'madesigner,andIworkinaboutique.

W:Didyoubringanysavingsorsalaryinformation?Lastyear'staxforms?

M:Yes,heretheyare.

W:OK.What...whatkindofhousedidyouhaveinmind?

M:We'retalkingaboutbuyingatwo-bedroomhouseinMountKisco.Herearethefinancialdetailsonthehouse.

W:Thankyou.Areyoupreparedtomakeaten-percentdownpayment?.

M:Yes,sure.

W:Paymentsoverthirtyyears?

M:Yes.DoyouthinkIcangetaloan?

W:Well,itdepends.13oyouownanyotherproperty?Anystocksorbonds?

M:No.

W:Isee.Thenyoudon'thaveanysupport.Perhapsyoucouldgetaguarantor—someonetosignfortheloanforyou.

M:Whyisthatnecessary?

W:Sinceyoudon'thaveenoughincome,andyoudon'talreadyownanyproperty,thebankneedstobesureyoucanpaythemortgageeverymonth.Aguarantorisresponsiblefortheloanifyoucan'tmakethepayments.

M:Isee.Well,theideaofbuyingahouseisexciting.Thankyou,Mrs.Riley.I'llreadthisovercarefully.

W:Thankyou.

M:Good-bye.Andhopetoseeyousoon.

W:Ihopeso,too.

(20)

A.Howtochooseahouse.

B.Howtodesignahouse.

C.Howtogetamortgagethroughabank.

D.Howtorentahousethroughtheagency.

27.(26)

A.Troubled.B.Wicked.C.Patient.D.Humorous.

28.(31)

A.Theyhavegreatpower.

B.Theyhaveverydiversifiedresponsibilities.

C.Theyareverymodernandefficient.

D.Theyhaveverydiversifiedresponsibilities,alsoverymodernandefficient.

29.听力原文：M:Didyoufeellikeyouneedmorehoursfromtheday?Well，GoodHousekeepingMagazinehassomeadviceonhowyoucanstopwastingtimeandgetitalldone．Andherewiththetoptentips，isCarolynForte．Hey，Carolyn，goodmorning!

W:Goodmorning，Hoda．Nicetobehere!

M：YourNo.1tipisbankonline．Somepeopleareafraidtodoit,butyousayit'ssomethingsmart．

W:Yeah，itisverysafe．Andwecertainlyrecommendthatyouuseyourownbank'swebsite．Sogotothebank，talktotheconsumerservicerepresentativesthere．It'sthebestwaytofindouthowsafeitisandhoweasy...

M:Andhowmuchtimedoyouthinkyoucouldsave，Carolyn，bydoingthat?

W:Ifyou'remakingtransfers，orcheckingyourstatements，youcansaveuptoanhour.

M:Thesecondtipisonlinegrocers．Now，that'sreallynotforeveryone，butyouactuallygogroceryshoppingonline．

W:That'sexactlywhatyoudo．Ifyouarethetypeofpersonthatwantstoreadeverylabelandlookateverypieceoffruit，it'sprobablynotforyou．Butifyouwannagiveupalittlecontrol，youcandefinitelysavesometime．

M:Andwhat'sthegoodstrategyifyoudecidetoshoponline?

W:WhatIwouldsuggestisdothestaplesonline．

M:Whatdotheyinclude?

W:Thebrandsthatyouusea11thetime，thepaperproducts.thecleaningproducts，thecerealsgetthemonlineandgotothestoreforthemeatintheproduce，

M:That'senlightening．

(20)

A.Setupyourownwebsite.

B.Consultthebank'srepresentatives.

C.Trybymakingtransfers.

D.Checkyourstatements.

30.(28)

A.Itisanetworkforshoppingmalls,officesandhomes.

B.Itrelievestheheavyburdenofteachersinschool.

C.Itsimplifiestheprocessofmakingfriendsonline.

D.Itquickenssalesofsoftwareproductsandintelligence.

31.(40)

32.(22)

A.Becauseeveryspeciesbecomesextinct.

B.Becausehumansbeingsarepowerfulenoughtokillotherspecies.

C.Becauseofover-population.

D.Becausehumanbeingisstillayoungspeciesthoughitisexptoitingtheenvironment.

33.听力原文：About25millionchildrenindevelopingcountrieshavenohomes.Sotheyliveoncitystreets.Another75millionchildrenliveathomebutworkonthestreets.UnitedNati6nsChildren'sFundsays'mostofthesechildrendonotreceiveeducationorhealthcare.Theprivateorganizationknownas"ChildHopeU.S.A."istryingtodosomethingtohelpthesechildren.Thegrouphasmanygoals.ChildHopeU.S.A.wantstohaltthespreadofAIDSandtheuseofillegaldrugsamongchildren.Itwantstoprotectyounggirlsfrombeingmistreatedsexually.Itwantstoteachchildrenhowtoprotectthemselves,howtosurviveconditionsonthestreetsandhowtofeelgoodaboutthem.ChildHopeU.S.A.istryingtoestablisheducationalprogramsforthechildren.Itisworkingwithlocalgroupstogettheirhelpinprotectingtherightsofstreetchildren.And,itistryingtomakeinternationaldevelopmentgroupsmorereformedaboutstreetchildren.Somechildrenbeginlivingonthestreetswhentheyarefiveyearsoldoryounger.Four-year-oldscanbefoundsellinggoodsonthestreetcomerorbeggingforfoodandmoney.Someofthesechildrenhavelosttheirfamiliesbecauseofwarsornaturaldisasters,suchasearthquakesandfloods.Some,arehelpingtheirfamiliesearnenoughmoneytosurvive.StudiesshowthatmorethanonemillionchildrenliveandworkonthestreetsinthePhilippines.SevenmillionchildrenliveonthestreetsinBrazil.About250thousandchildrenliveonthestreetsinMexico.AbouttenmillionMexicanchildrenworkonthestreets.ChildHopeU.S.A.workscloselywithinternationalchildren'sgroups,governmentagenciesandothernationalandlocalgroups.IthasofficesinBrazil,Guatemala,thePhilippines,Britain,CanadaandtheUnitedStates.ChildHopeU.S.A.alsoworkstoimprovechildlaborlaws.In1992,Pakistanapprovednewlawstocontrolchildlabor.Thelawsmakeitillegalforcompaniestolendmoneytofamiliesandletchildrenrepaytheloanbyworkinginfactories.Yet,abouteightmillionchildrenstillareworkinginPakistantorepayloans.Wewilltalkmoreabouttheproblemsofchildrenindevelopingcountriesnextweek.

(33)

A.25million,B.100million.C.50million.D.75million.

34.(20)

A.Itmaybepainful.

B.Itmayheagoodthing.

C.Itmayleadtotruedivorce.

D.Itmayleadyoutochoosethewrongperson.

35.(21)

A.Itisaprivatecompany.

B.Itiscontrolledbythegovernment.

C.Itcannotbeusedforgovernmentpropaganda.

D.Itcanbeusedbyprivateindividualsandfirms.

36.

【B8】

37.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

听力原文：PresidentClintonlatertodayjoins(36)formerPresidentsFord,CarterandBushat"thepresident'ssummitforAmerica'sfuture(37)armedatrecruitingonemillionvolunteertutorstoprovideafter-school,weekendandsummerreadinghelpforuptothreemillionchildren.Mr.ClitonwillaskCongressthiscomingweekfornearlythree(38)billiondollarstofundafive-yearprogramcalled"AmericaReads".

Theprogramwouldfundthe(39)coordinationeffortsof20thousandreading(40)specialistsanditwouldalsogive(41)grantstohelpparentshelpchildrenreadbythethirdgradeoraboutageeight.DuringhisSaturdayradio(42)address,thepresidentexplainedwhythe(43)programisimportant."Weneed'AmericaReads'andweneeditnow.Studiesshowwhatifthefourth-gradersfalltoreadwell.(44)Theyarelikelytodropoutofschoolandlesslikelytosucceedinlife.But,40percentofthemstillcan'treadatabasiclevel."

Volunteertutors,whoprovidecommunityserviceinexchangeforcollegefunding,arebeingusedinliteracyandtutoringprograms.(45)TheprogramsinitiatedbyPresidentClintonhascomeonthecriticismbyCongress.Thepresidentsays,manyofthePhiladelphiasummit'scorporatesponsorswillrecruittutors.(46)DozensofcollegesanduniversitiesarepreparedtosendthousandsoftheirstudentsinsupportoftheProgram.

PresidentClintonlatertodayjoins【B1】______PresidentsFord,CarterandBushat"thepresident'ssummitforAmerica'sfuture"【B2】______atrecruitingonemillionvolunteertutorstoprovideafter-school,weekendandsummerreadinghelpforuptothreemillionchildren.Mr.ClitonwillaskCongressthiscomingweekfornearlythree【B3】______dollarstofundafive-yearprogramcalled"AmericaReads".

Theprogramwouldfundthe【B4】______effortsof20thousandreading【B5】______anditwouldalsogive【B6】______tohelpparentshelpchildrenreadbythethirdgrade,oraboutageeight.DuringhisSaturdayradio【B7】______,thepresidentexplainedwhythe【B8】______isimportant."Weneed'AmericaReads'andweneeditnow.studiesshowwhatifthefourth-gradersfailtoreadwell,【B9】________________________But,40percentofthemstillcan'treadatabasiclevel."

Volunteertutors,whoprovidecommunityserviceinexchangeforcollegefunding,arebeingusedinliteracyandtutoringprograms.【B10】__________________________

ThepresidentsaysmanyofthePhiladelphiasummit'scorporatesponsorswillrecruittutors.【B11】______________________________________

【B1】

38.听力原文：W:David!CanIgiveyouahandwithoneofthosegrocerybags?

M:Sure,Nancy!Couldyoutakethisone,please?Ididn'trealizehowheavythesebagswouldbe.

W:Whydidyoubuysomuchstuffwhenyouhavetowalkhomefromthestore?

M:Well,Ididn'tintendtobuyalot—butI'mhavingsomepeopleoverandIguessIneededmorethanIexpected.

W:What'stheoccasion?

M:ThepeopleIlivewith,theKramers,havebeenonvacationforamonth,andIthoughtI'dsurprisethem.I'minvitingsomeoftheirfriendsandfamilyforawelcome-homedinner.

W:That'sreallythoughtfulofyou.

M:Ifigureit'stheleastIcandoforthem.They'vebeenlettingmestaywiththemrent-freewhileI'minschool.

W:Really?That'sprettygenerousofthem.

M:Well,theyunderstandhowdifficultitistomakeendsmeetwhenyou'reastudent.They'vebeensuchabighelptome.Ithoughtthatthismightbeasmallwaytothankthemfortheirgenerosity.

(20)

A.GetaridehomewithNancy.

B.Findaplacetolive.

C.Gotothestorebeforeitcloses.

D.Carryhisgrocerieshome.

39.听力原文：W:IsAuntMargaretin?Somethingurgentforher.

M:Sorry,motherhasgoneshopping.Shewon'tbebackuntilnoon.Andsheforgottotakethemobilephonewithher.

Q:Whatdoyouthinkabouttherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

(18)

A.Auntandniece.

B.Uncleandniece.

C.Cousins.

D.Fatheranddaughter.

40.听力原文：W:Here'sthisweek'sschedule.OnMonday,there'stheboardmeeting.YourspeechattheLion'sClubonTuesday.Then,onWednesday,you'resupposedtoseethedentist.

M:I'mgladIdon'thavetotraveltothebusinessconferenceuntilnextweek.

Q:WhatwillthemandoonTuesday?

(19)

A.Hemustseethedentist.

B.Hemustgiveaspeech.

C.Hehasameetingtoattend.

D.Hemusttraveltoabusinessconference.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Tokeepaconversationflowingsmoothly,itisbetterfortheparticipants______.

A.nottoweardarkspectacles

B.nottomakeanyinterruptions

C.nottoglanceawayfromeachother

D.nottomakeunpredictablepauses

42.

ThepromotedJapanesemanageraskedforatransferbecause______.

A.hewasnotcompetent,forthehigherposition

B.hewasnotaccustomedtoworkingbyhimself

C.hecouldnotmaketheadjustmenttohisnewjob

D.helackedadequatecommunicationwithhissuperiors

43.TheforestfromwhichmantakeshistimberisthetallestandmostimpressiveplantcommunityonEarth.Intermsofman'sbrieflifeitappearspermanentandunchanging,savefortheseasonalgrowthandfailoftheleaves,buttoforesteritrepresentstheclimaxofalongsuccessionofevents.

Nowoodedlandscapeweseetodayhasbeenforestforalltime.Plantshaveminimumrequirementsoftemperatureandmoistureand,inagespast,virtuallyeverypartofEarth'ssurfacehasatsometimebeeneithertoodryortoocoldforplantstosurvive.However,assoonasclimaticconditionschangeinfavorofplantlife,afascinatingsequenceofchangesoccurs,calledaprimarysuccession.

Firsttocolonizethebarrenlandarethelowlylichens,survivingonbarerock.Slowly,theacidsproducedbytheseorganismscracktherocksurface,plantdebrisaccumulates,andmossesestablishashallowroot-hold.Fernsmayfollowand,withshortgrassesandshrubs,graduallyform.acoveringofplantlife.Rootsprobeevendeeperintothedevelopingsoilandeventuallylargeshrubsgivewaytothefirsttrees.Thesegrowrapidly,cuttingoffsunlightfromthesmallerplants,andsoonestablishcompletedomination-closingtheirranksandformingaclimaxcommunitywhichmayendureforthousandsofyears.

Yeteventhiscommunityisnoteverlasting.Firemaydestroyitoutrightandsettlersmaycutitdowntogainlandforpastureorcultivation.Ifthelandisthenabandoned,asecondarysuccessionwilltakeover,developingmuchfasteronthemorehospitablesoil.Shrubsandtreesareamongtheearlyinvaders,theirseedscarriedbythewind,bybirdsandlodgedinthecoatsofmammals.

Foraslongasitstandsandthrives,theforestisavastmachine,storingenergyandmanyelementsessentialforlife.

Whatdoestheforeststrikemankindaspermanent?

A.Thetreesareincommunity.

B.Theforestisrenewedeachseason.

C.Man'slifeisshortincomparison.

D.Itisanessentialpartourlives.

44.

ThefactthattheBeatlesarethefifthmostpopularbandamongillegaldownloadersillustratesthat______.

A.Beatlesaresofamousandpopularintheworld

B.Beatlesstancehurtsnoonebutthebanditself

C.Peoplearelackofasenseoflaw

D.InternetmustberegulatedtoprotectmusicianslikeBeatles

45.

Theinfluencethatthereductionofyoungpeoplehashadoneconomymayinclude______.

A.theappearingofmassmarketcenteringtheyoung

B.theshiftofthemarketcenterfromthemiddle-agedtotheyoung

C.theincreaseofthepopulationwhogettoform.family

D.thetendencyforthemarkettosplitintotwo

46.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

VideogameshavebecomeincreasinglypopularinbotharcadesandtheaverageAmericanhome.Peopleofallagesandfromallwalksoflifeareenjoyinghoursofentertainmentbyfeedingtheirtimeandquartersintotheseflashing,beepingmachines.ManyskepticsaswellasprospectivearcadeownershaveaskedwhatitisthatgivesPacMan,Centipede,andamultitudeofotherpopulargamestheirmagneticappealtomillionsofplayers.Asavideoplayermyself,Ibelievetherearemanyanswerstothatquestionbutthreeareoutstanding.

Beforeafull-scaleattackislaunchedagainstyoungvideoplayersfor"throwingaway"theirquarters,oneshouldfirstconsidertherisingcostsofmoretraditionalformsofentertainment.Forinstance,eighteenholesofminiaturegolfortenframesofbowlingwillcosttheplayeratleasttwodollars,andonemoviecostsfourbucks.Forjusttwodollars,avideoplayercangetatleasteightgames,andthebetterhegets,thelongerhecanplay.Comparethatrecordwiththegameofminiaturegolf,wherethebetteronebecomes,theshorteramountoftimehegetstoplay.

Notonlyarethegameslessexpensivethanotherformsofentertainment,huttheyarealsomoreintunewiththeimportantissuesoftheday.Eventhosepeoplewhohaveneverbeeninterestedinsciencearebeginningtoappreciatehowmuchscienceinfluencesourlivestoday.Videogames,whicharetheproductsofadvancedtechnologyanduncontrolledimagination,havebroughttoday'syouthcloserthanevertotheexcitingworldofsciencebygames.Infact,thereareevencartridgeswhichteachgarnershowtoprogramcomputers.Itisexcitingtobeinvolvedwiththemostup-to-dateideasoftheday,andvideogameshelpprovidepeoplewiththeopportunitytobeinvolved.

Besidesthefactthattheyhelppeopletogetinvolvedintechnology,videogamesalsoprovideanoutletfortheemotionsandtheego.Ifamangetsfrustratedwithhisboss,forexample,hecangotothearcadeafterworktodestroyenemycruisersratherthandrownhisanxietiesinliquor.Also,forthosewhofeeltheyarenotcapableofexcellingatanything,thegamesprovideam.challengeswhichareeasilymasteredwithpatienceandpractice.Itgivesapersonagoodfeelingtoknowthathehasbrokenhisownrecordorthatofsomeoneelse.

ItcanbeinferredthatPacManandCentipedeare______.

A.traditionalvideogames

B.homevideogames

C.populargamemachines

D.prevalentvideogames

47.Foraboutthreecenturieswehavebeendoingscience,tryingscienceout,usingsciencefortheconstructionofwhatwecallmodemcivilization.Everydispensableitemofcontemporarytechnology,fromcanallockstodialtelephonestopenicillin,waspiecedtogetherfromtheanalysisofdataprovidedbyoneoranotherseriesofscientificexperiments.Threehundredyearsseemsalongtimefortestinganewapproachtohumaninterliving,longenoughtosettlebackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod,maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.Thereisanargument.

Voiceshavebeenraisedinprotestsincethebeginning,risinginpitchandviolenceinthenineteenthcenturyduringtheearlystagesoftheindustrialrevolution,summoningurgentcrowdsintothestreetsanydaythesedaysontheissueofnuclearenergy.Giveitback,saysomeofthevoices,itdoesn'treallywork,we'vetrieditanditdoesn'twork,gobackthreehundredyearsandstartagainonsomethingelselesschancyfortheraceofman.

Theprinciplediscoveriesinthiscentury,takingallinall,aretheglimpsesofthedepthofourignoranceaboutnature.Thingsthatusedtoseemclearandrational,mattersofabsolutecertainty-Newtonianmechanics,forexample—haveslippedthroughourfingers,andweareleftwithanewsetofgiganticpuzzles,cosmicuncertainties,ambiguities;someofthelawsofphysicsareamendedeveryfewyears,somearecanceledoutright,someundergorevisedversionsoflegislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.

JustthirtyyearsagewecallitabiologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNAmoleculewasexposedtopubl