BFT考试(全国出国培训备选人员外语水平考试)模拟1

BFT考试(□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□）模拟1ListeningQuestions1-8Youwillheartwoconversations.Writedownonewordornumberinthenumberedspacesontheformbelow.CONVERSATION1(Questions1-4)Mr.Liwantsaticketto⑴for(2)morning.Hehasanappointmentat⑶ .Mr.Liwillprobablycheckin(4)hourbeforetheplanetakeoff.CONVERSATION2(Questions5-8)MoniquehasbeeninLondonfor(5)days.MoniqueistakingtheEnglishcoursetoimproveher(6)Englishandtosee⑺ .Moniqueislivingina⑻ .Questions9-13Youwillhearthecustomsinfivecountries.Forquestions9-13,choosefromthelistA-Fthepropercountries.Usethelettersonlyonce.Thereisoneextraletterwhichyoudonotneedtouse.Country1: Country2: Country3: Country4: Country5: AustraliaSpainChinaRomeBritainGreecePart3Questions14-23Lookatthetenstatementsforthispart.Youwillhearapassageabout"Inflation"Youwilllistentoittwice.orDecidewhetheryouthinkeachstatementisright(R),wrong(W)notmentioned(NM).orMarkyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.Thepassagestatesthatinflationisasituationinwhichmoneykeepslosingitsvalue.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotMentionedTherehavebeenhigherandhigherratesofinflationintheUSovertheyears.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotMentionedPeoplehavebecomeusedtohighratesofinflationinrecentyears.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotMentionedOvertheyearsourincomeshavebeenincreasing,andweareactuallynobetterinourfinancialcondition.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotMentionedThepresentrateofinflationwillfallifthegovernmenttakessomeeffectivemeasures.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotMentionedAccordingtotheauthor,ifincomesandpricesrisetogether,inflationposesnoproblem.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotMentionedWhenmoneylosesitsvalue,itisnolongerstable.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotMentionedDuringinflationmoneybecomesasuitablestandardofdeferredpayments.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotMentionedInaperiodofinflation,peoplearelikelytosavemoneyinsteadofspendingmoney.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotMentionedInflationurgesconsumerspendinganddiscouragessaving.A.Right B.Wrong C.NotMentionedPart4Questions24-30Lookatthequestionsforthispart.Youwillhearapassageabout/"HealthandFitness"".Youwilllistentoittwice.orForQuestions24-30,indicatewhichofthealternativesA,B,Cisthemostappropriateresponse.orMarkoneletterA,B,orContheAnswerSheet.ManyAmericansaregettingfatter .becauseoftheirpooreatinghabitsandsedentarylifestylebecauseoftheirignoranceaboutwhatisgoodforthembecauseoftheirstrongdislikeforphysicalexercisesWhatpercentageofAmericansdon'texerciseintheirleisuretimeaccordingtosomestudies?A.Exactlyhalf. B.Morethanhalf.C.Lessthanhalf.WhatpercentageofAmericansarereportedtobeatleast20percentovertheirdesirableweightinthe1990s?A.Onefifth. B.Onefourth. C.Onethird.WhichofthefollowingmassmediaisNOTmentionedasacarrierofinformationonnutritionandproperdiet?A.Radio. B.Television. C.Newspapers.Whyhasthegovernmentrequireduniformlabelingoffoodsince1994?Becauseitwantstohelpconsumerscomparethefatandcaloriesinthefoodtheybuy.Becausefoodwithuniformlabelsisnotlikelytocausedisease.Becauseuniformlabelingwillresultinlow-fatorfat-freefood.WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonwhyAmericansareconsumingmoreandmorefastfoodatrestaurants?Fastfoodisoftenthecheapest.Fastfoodisbelievedtobenutritious.Americanssimplylikefastfood.WhenAmericanseatsomuchrestaurantandpackagedfood,theycanlimitfatandcaloriescanlimitfatbutnotcaloriescan'tlimitfatorcalories

ReadingPart1Readthefollowingpassages,eightsentenceshavebeenremovedfromthearticle.Choose.fromthesentencesA-Htheonewhichfitseachgap.Foreachgap(1-8)markoneletter(A-H)ontheAnswerSheet.Donotmarkanylettertwice.Today'scareerassumptionsareyoucangetalotofdevelopment,challengeandjobsatisfactionandnotnecessarilybeinamanagementrole.phobia.⑴"Ihatedall"andIfoundthetheyexpected."phobia.⑴"Ihatedall"andIfoundthetheyexpected."(2)Withtechnologychanginginawink,youcanneverslackoffthesedaysifyou'reonthetechnicalside.(3)Inaddition,theDilbertfactorisatwork.WithScottAdams'spopularcartooncharacter—aswellasmanytelevisionsitcoms—routinelyportrayingmanagersasmoronsorenemies,theyjustdon'tgetmuchrespectanymore.Supervisingotherswasalwaysatoughtask,butinthepastthatstresswasoffsetbyhopesforcareermobilityandfinancialrewards.(4)Butintoday'sglobal,morecompetitivearena,amanagersitsonaninsecureperch.(5)Therearefarfewerrungsonthecorporateladderformanagerstoclimb.Inaddition,managerialjobsdemandmorehoursandheadachesthaneverbeforebutofferslim,ifany,financialpaybacksandperks.Furthermore,managersnowmustsupervisemanypeoplewhoarespreadoverdifferentlocations,evenoverdifferentcontinents.(6)Inanageofentrepreneurship,whenthemostpraisedpeopleinbusinessarethoselaunchingsomethingnew,managementseemslikeaninvisible,thanklessrole.⑺Managementlayoffshavedonemuchtoerodeinterestinmanagerialjobs,ofcourse.⑻Manypeopledon'twanttobeamanager—andmanypeoplewhoaremanagersare,frankly,itchingtojumpoffthemanagementtrack—orhavealready.It'sararepersonwhocanmanagetokeepuponthetechnicalsideandhandleamanagementjob,too.Restructuringhaveeliminatedlayerafterlayerofmanagementascompaniescametoviewtheirorganizationsascollectionsofcompetenciesratherthanhierarchies.Theymustmanageacrossfunctionswith,say,design,finance,marketingandtechnicalpeoplereportingtothem.Iwasacounselor,motivator,financialadviserandpsychologist.Employersarelookingforpeoplewhocandothings,notforpeoplewhomakeotherpeopledothings.AmericanManagementAssociationsurveyssaythreemiddlemanagersarelaidoffforeveryonebeinghired.Alongwithasizablepayraise,peoplechosenasmanagerswouldbeginanearlyautomaticclimbupthecareerladdertolucrativeexecutiveperks:stockoptions,companycars,clubmemberships,plusthekeytotheexecutivewashroom.Part2Questions9-18•Readthefollowingpassageandanswerquestions9-18.FromDr.R.S.ScorerofBritain'sImperialCollageoftheSciencecomesthelatesttheoryaboutthelightingflashes.Dr.Scorerbelievesthecauseishaftfailingthroughsupercooledclouds.Iceparticlesbouncingoffthefallinghailacquireapositivechargeandrisetothetopofthecloudwhilethehailcarriesanegativechargetothebottomofthecloud.AccordingtoDr.Scorer,BenjaminFranklinfirstprovedthundercloudsarechargedwithelectricity.Laterinvestigationsshowedthatthetopsofthecloudshaveagreatpositivechargeandthebottomshavegreatnegativecharge.Whenthechargesbecamegreatenoughtobreaktheinsulatingpropertiesoftheair,lightingflashescarrytheelectricitywithinthecloud,orfromcloudtocloud,orfromcloudtoearth.Butthequestionremained:Howdothechargesdevelopwithinthecloud.Toseekthecause,Dr.Scorerandhiscolleaguesatthecollegefirstduplicatedthundercloudcurrentinaliquidtank.Theyfoundthemixturetakesplaceonlyinthetopsoftheclouds.NextastudyofthundercloudsovertheNorthAtlanticshowedthatthelightingoccursonlywhenthetemperaturearoundcloudisbelowfreezing.Particlesatthetopofthecloudsbegintofreezebutthoseintheremainderofthecloudstayunfrozenalthoughbelowfreezingtemperature.Inthelaboratory,S.E.Reynoldswhirledarefrigeratedrodthroughiceparticlesandfoundthattheparticlesbouncedofftherodacquiredapositivecharge.Thiswasamissinglink.Withouthailandsupercooledclouds,heconcluded,therecouldbenolighting.Questions9-13

Forquestions9-13,choosethebesttitleforeachparagraphfrombelow.Foreachnumberedparagraph(1-5),markoneletter(A-G)ontheAnswerSheet.Donotmarkanylettertwice.Paragraph1: A.about.Paragraph1: A.about.Paragraph2: B.didtheexperiment.Paragraph3: C.Scorer'stheory.Paragraph4: D.Franklin'sdiscovery.Paragraph5: E.causeoflightning.F.lightningflashes.G.flashes.HowthelightningflashescomeTomeasuremoisture,scientistTwodiscoveriesbasedonDr.SignificanceofBenjaminExperimentsweredonetofindtheDr.ScorerfoundthecauseofThecontinuingstudyoflightningQuestions14-18Usingtheinformationinthetext,completeeachsentence14-18,withawordorphrasefromthelistbelow.Foreachsentence(14-18),markoneletter(A-G)ontheAnswerSheet.Donotmarkanylettertwice.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zAccordingtoDr.Score,lightningiscausedbyhailfallingthrough .Therefrigeratedrodservedthesamefunctionsas .Iceparticlesbouncingoffhailfallingthroughacloudacquire .Intheparagraphfourtheword"duplicated"means .AccordingtoS.E.Regnolds,therecouldbenolightningwithout .copyapositivechargeanegativechargesupercooledcloudsfallinghailcloudshailandsupercooledcloudsmoistureparticlesPart3Questions19-25Readthefollowingpassageandanswerquestions19-25.Forquestions19-25,choosethecorrectanswerA,B,CandD.MarkyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.InmyearlychildhoodIreceivednoformalreligiouseducation.Idid,ofcourse,receivetheethicalandmoraltrainingthatmoralandconscientiousparentsgivetheirchildren.WhenIwasabouttenyearsold,myparentsdecidedthatitwouldbegoodformetoreceivesomeformalreligiousinstructionandtostudytheBible,iffornootherreasonthanthataknowledgeofbothisessentialtotheunderstandingofliteratureandculture.AslapsedCatholics,theysoughtagroupwhichhadaslittledoctrineanddogmaaspossible,butwhattheyconsideredgoodmoralandethicalvalues.Aftersomesearching,theyjoinedthelocalMeetingoftheReligiousSocietyofFriends.AlthoughmyparentsdidnotattendMeetingsforWorshipveryoften,IwenttoFirstDaySchoolthereregularly,eventuallycompletingthecourseandreceivinganinscribedBible.AttheQuakerschool,Ilearnedabouttheconceptofthe"innerlight"andithasstayedwithme.Iwas,however,unabletoaccepttheideaofJesusChristbeinganymoredivinethan,say,Buddha.Asaresult,IbecameestrangedformtheQuakeswho,thoughbelievinginsubstantiallythesamemoralandethicalvaluesasIdo,andeventhesamereligiousconceptoftheinnerlight,hadarrivedattheseconclusionsfromapremisewhichIcouldnotaccept.Iadmitthatmyreligionisthepoorerforhavingnorevealedwordandnosupremeprophet,butmyinheritedaversiontodogmatismlimitsmyfaithtoaSupremeBeingandthegoodnessofman.Later,atanotherMeetingforWorship,IfoundthatsomeQuakershadsimilarthoughnotsostrongreservationsabouttheChristianaspectsoftheirbelief.Imadesomeattempttorejoinanorganizedreligiousgroup,Ididnotwishtobecomeoneagain.IdoattendMeetingforWorshiponoccasion,butitisforthehelpindeepcontemplationwhichitbringsratherthananylingeringdesiretorejointhefold.Idobelieveina"SupremeBeing"(orgroundofourBeing,asTillichwouldcallit).ThisBeingisineffableandnottobefullyunderstoodbyhumans.Heisnotcutofffromtheworldandwecanknowhimsomewhatthroughtheknowledgewhichwearelimitedtotheworld.Heisinterestedandconcernedforhumankind,butonmanhimselffallstheburdenofhisownlife.Tomethemessageofthegreatprophets,especiallyJesus,isthatgoodisitsownreward,andindeedtheonlypossiblerewardsareintrinsicintheactionsthemselves.TherelationshipbetweeneachhumanandsupremeBeingisanentirelypersonalone.ItismyfaiththateachpersonhasthisuniquerelationshipwiththeSupremeBeing.Tomethatisthemeaningoftheinnerlight.Thepurposeoflife,insofarasahumancangraspit,istounderstandandincreasethislifelinetotheSupremeBeing,thispieceofdivinitythateveryhumanhas.Thus,thetakingofanylifebychoiceistheclosingofsomeconnectiontoGod,andunconscionable.Killinganyonenotonlydeniesthemtheirpurpose,butcorruptsthepurposeofallmen.Theauthoroftheprecedingpassageismostprobablywritinginorderto .persuadeafriendtoconverttoQuakerismreassureaFriendthathehasnotbecomeimmoralexplaintherootsofhispacifismanalyzethemeaningofthe"innerlight"Ifofferedarewardfordoingagooddeed,theauthorwouldspurntherewardindignantlyacceptitonlyasatokenoftheotherperson'sfeelingsofgratitudeneithertakenorrefusetherewardexplaintotheofferedthatrewardsareblasphemousWecanlearnfromthepassagethattheQuakers .arethegrouphewishestobecomeamemberofagainareChristians,butonlyinaweaksensesharebasicreligiousthoughtwiththeauthorarerelativelydogmaticanddoctrinaireWhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorlikelyseeasmostdivine?A.JesusChrist. B.Buddha.C.Moses. D.Theywouldbeseenasequallydivine.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat .theauthorviewstheinnerlightasuniquelyanattributeofQuakerstheCatholicsarenotconcernedwithkillingtheauthor'sparentsfoundCatholicreligiousviewsunsuitableorinadequateBuddhistbeliefisascongenialtotheauthorasQuakerbeliefTheauthorsupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?Wemustseekgreatercomprehensionofourowninnerlights.

Humansmustalwaysseektoincreasethenumberofinnerlights,hence,populationincreaseisdesirable.Theuniquerelationshipbetweeneachpersonandhisinnerlightmakeshimmoredivinethanthosewithoutaninnerlight.Onlyapersonwithoutaninnerlightcouldkill.Theauthorrejectedwhichofthefollowingaspectsofreligiousthought?TheexistenceofGod.Thedivinenatureofhumanbeings.Thevalueofsharingreligiousexperiences.TherevealedwordofGod.Part4Questions26-45•Readthefollowingpassageanddecidewhichanswerbestfitseachspace.•Forquestions26-45,markoneletterA,B,CorDontheAnswerSheet.Both(26)andzoologyarepartsofamoregeneralfieldofscience,biology.Thetwoarestudiesof(27) things,whichsharecertaincharacteristics,(28)theyareplantsoranimals.Botanydealswithplants,whoseorganismsthatcan(29)theirownfoodbytheuseofsunlight.Zoologyon(30)hand,dealswithanimals,thoseorganismsthatcannotmanufacturetheirownfoodandarethusdependent(31)plantsfortheirfood.plantsandanimalssharemanyabilities,theextent(33)whichplantscanexercisesomeofthoseabilitiesis(34) .Forexample,bothplantsandanimalsneedfood,water,andwarmthforgrowth,(35)plantscanmoveto(36)thoseneedsonlybytheslowextractionoftheirleavesandroots,whileanimalscanmoverelatively(37)distancesinrelativelylittletime.Whenananimalishurtwithneedle,theanimalwill(38)thepartofthebody(39).Thisabilitytodrawback(40)painorirritation,calledirritability,isfoundonlytoaverylimitedextentinplants.Ifplants(41)thesame(42)asanimals,animalswouldhavehadamoredifficulttimefindingfood.Ifanimalswereaslimitedasplants,theymight(43)ameansofmanufacturingtheirownfood,asplantsdonow.Theworldwouldbeaverydifferentplace(44)itisifthecharacteristicsofplantsandanimalswere(45)26、A.biologymathematicsB.botanyC.chemistry26、A.biologymathematicsB.botanyC.chemistryD.27、A.livableB.aliveC.livingD.lively28、A.whetherB.andC.bothD.all29、A.sustainB.wasteC.consumeD.manufacture30、A.otherB.theotherC.anotherD.eachother31、A.onB.inC.atD.with32、A.ButB.AlthoughC.AndD.Furthermore33、A.inB.toC.withD.on34、A.definiteB.indefiniteC.limitedD.unlimited35、A.becauseB.thereforeC.butD.and36、A.acquireB.requireC.admitD.constitute37、A.manyB.littleC.largeD.small38、A.shareB.achieveC.extendD.withdraw39、A.beenhurtB.hurtC.beinghurtD.havehurt40、A.outB.fromC.inD.to41、A.haveB.wouldhaveC.willhaveD.had42、A.mobilityB.approachC.stakeD.organ43、A.evolveB.haveevolvedC.beevolvedD.beevolvingA.than B.what C.which D.thatA.re-examinedB.revised C.reversed D.reviewedWriting46、Part1Youarearegionalmanagerforaninternationalcompany.Youhavebeenaskedtogotoameetingatyourcompany'sheadoffice.Youcannotgo,sosomebodyelsewillgoinyourplace.WritealettertoEricYoungwhoisorganizingthemeeting.Explainingwhyyoucannotgo.Sayingwhowillgo.Write50-60words.47、Part2Yourmanageriskeentointroducenewpracticesintoyourcompany.Hehasaskedyoutowriteareportwhichincludesdetailsoftwopractices.fromanothercompanywhichyouwouldsuggestadoptinginyourowncompany.Writethereportforyourmanager,includingthefollowinginformation.Whatyouadmireabouttheothercompany.Whichtwoofitspracticesyouwouldadopt.Whyyourcompanywouldbenefitfromthem.Writeinyourownwords;donotcopywhatyoureadhere.OralTest48、Part1:Self-introductionTheinterlocutorwillaskyouandyourpartnerquestionsaboutyourselves.Youmaybeaskedaboutthingslike"yourhometown","yourinterests","yourcareerplans",etc.Presentation•Theinterlocutorgivesyoutwophotographsandasksyoutotalkaboutthem.foraboutoneminute.Theexaminerthenasksyourpartneraquestionaboutyourphotographsandyourpartnerrespondsbriefly.Thentheinterlocutorgivesyourpartnertwophotographs.Yourpartnertalksaboutthesepicturesforaboutoneminute.Thistimetheinterlocutorasksyouaquestionaboutyourpartner'sphotographsandyourespondbriefly.Collaboration•Theinterlocutorgivesyouandyourpartneralistoftopics.Bothofyouneedtochooseonetodiscusstogether.Theinterlocutormayjoinintheconversationandaskyouquestions,butyouandyourpartnerareexpectedtodeveloptheconversation.Topic1:WhatMakesaPerfectGift?Topic2:Student-teacherRelationshipsTopic3:AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofWorkinginChinaorAbroadTopic4:PressureofModernLifeTopic5:AHealthyDiet答案:ListeningPart11、Chicago[听力原文]1-4TA:Yes,sir,mayIhelpyou?L:PleaseI'dlikeatickettoChicago.TA:Fortoday?L:No,earlyMondaymorning.TA:Wehaveaflightthatwillputyouthereat9a.m.,isthatOK?L:Nothingearlier?Ihaveanappointmentat8:30.TA:I'mafraidnot,unlessyouwantanightflight.L:Anightflight?TA:Yes,withNorthwestAirlines.Itwillgetyoutherebrightandearly,at6:45a.m.infact.Isthattooearly?L:IguessthatwillbeOK.What'sthedifferenceinprice?TA:Betterprice.Nightflightischeaper.Onewayorroundtrip?L:Oneway.Soundsgood.I'lltakeit.Sixty-twofiftyyousaid?TA:Sixty-threeseventy-fivewithtax.Theflightnumberis302atGateFive,KennedyAirport.L:I'llbethereontime.TA:Thankyou,Mr.Li.Check-intimeisonehourbeforetake-off.Haveagoodtrip.2、Monday3、8:30 4、one5、ten[听力原文]5-8M:Er...Monique...tellme,howlonghaveyoubeenhereinLondon?W:Iarrivedtendaysago.M:IunderstandyouaretakinganEnglishcourseatthisschool.W:Yes,that'sright.M:Whendidthecoursestart?W:Itstarted..,er...fivedaysago;M:Howlongdoesitlast?W:Itlastsamonth,andtherearethreehoursofclasseseverymorning.IntheafternoonstherearetripstoplacesofinterestinLondon.M:Isee.Whydidyoudecidetotakethiscourse?W:Fortworeasons,really.Yousee,IworkinmeSalesDepartmentofacomputercompany,andIoftenhavetospeakEnglishtocustomers;soIwantedtoimprovemyspokenEnglish.M:Youspeakverywell!W:Thankyou.M:Andthesecondreason?W:ItwasagoodexcusetoseeLondon.M:Isitthefirsttimeyou'vebeenhere?W:Yes.M:AndareyoulivingwithanEnglishfamilyhereinLondon?W:No,I'mlivinginahotel,butIthinkit'sbettertolivewithafamily;therearefiveFrenchpeoplestayingatthehotel,sowespeakFrenchtogether,Ihaven'tmetmanyEnglishpeopleyet!6、spoken7、London8、hotelPart29、[听力原文]AustralianpeoplecelebratetheNewYearonJanuary1.Thisdayisapublicholidayandmanypeoplehavepicnicsandcampoutonthebeach.TheyhavepartiesthatstartonDecember31andatmidnighttheystarttomakenoisewithwhistlesandrattles,carhornsandchurchbellstoringintheNewYear.NewYearisadayforoutdooractivitiessuchasrodeos,picnicracesandsurfcarnivals.10、[听力原文]InBritishthecustomoffirstfootingispracticed.Thefirstmalevisitortothehouseaftermidnightisusuallytobringgoodluck.Usuallytheybringagiftlikemoney,breadorcoal,whichisdonetoensurethefamily,willhaveplentyofthesethingsalltheyeartocome.Thefirstpersonmustnotbeblond,red-haired,orawomanasthesepeoplearesupposedbadluck.11、[听力原文]ThepeopleinRomepreparefortheNewYearfestivalwhichisknownasJanuaryKalendsbydecoratingtheirhouseswithlightsandgreenery.Thefestivallastsforthreedays,duringthistimetheyholdfeastsandexchangegiftsthatwerecarefullychosenfortheirluck-bringingproperties.Suchassweetsorhoneytoensuresweetnessandpeace.Gold,silverormoneyforprosperity.Lampsforayeararefilledwithlight.12、[听力原文]January1stisanimportantdateinGreecebecauseitisnotonlythefirstdayoftheNewYearbutitisalsoSt.Basil'sday.St.BasilwasoneoftheforefathersoftheGreekOrthodoxChurch.GreekNewYear'sdaytomanyisstillSeptember1,itisthisdatethatisthestartoftheGreeksowingseason,atimeofhopeandpromise.Tostartthenewyearoffrightfarmers'familiestakeplatesofseedstochurchforthepriesttobless.13、[听力原文]WhentheclockstrikesmidnighttheSpanisheat12grapesonewitheverytolltobringgoodluckfor12monthsfortheNewYear.Sometimesthegrapesarewasheddownwithwine.Theaterproductionsandmoviesareinterruptedtocarrythiscustom.Part314、A[听力原文]14-23InflationItisamatterofcommonobservationthatalthoughincomeskeepgoingupovertheyears,weneverseemtobecomemuchbetteroff!Pricesarerisingcontinuously.Thisconditionistermedoneofinflation,themoneysupplyisbecominginflatedsothateachunitofitbecomeslessvaluable.Wehavegrownaccustomedinrecentyearstohigherandhigherandhigherratesofinflation.Whatcouldbeboughttenyearsagoforonedollarnowcostswellovertwodollars.Presentindicationsarethatthisrateofinflationistendingtoriseratherthantofall.Ifintherealworldourmoneyincomesgoupatthesamerateaspricesonemightthinkthatinflationdoesnotmatter.Butitdoes.Whenmoneyislosingvalueitlacksoneofthequalitiesofagoodmoney-stabilityofvalue.Itisnolongeracceptableasastoreofvalue;anditbecomesanunsuitablestandardofdeferredpayments.Nobodywantstoholdawastingasset,sopeopletrytogetridofmoneyasquicklyaspossible.Inflationthereforestimulatesconsumerspending,anddeterssaving.15、C16、A 17、A18、C 19、B 20、A21、B 22、B 23、APart424、A[听力原文]24-30HealthandFitnessNotallAmericansarephysicallyfit,oreventrytobe.Theoverallpopulationisbecomingheavier,duetopooreatinghabitsandasedentarylifestyle.SomestudiesestimatethatlessthanhalfofAmericansexerciseintheirleisuretime.ExpertssaythatitisnotbecauseAmericans"don'tknowwhat'sgoodforthem"—theyjustdon'tdoit.Comparedtothebeginningofthe1980s,threequartersofAmericansinthe1990ssaythatphysicalfitnessismoreimportanttothemnowthanitwasthen.ButtheNationalCenterforHealthStatisticsreportsthatthenumberofpeoplewhoareatleast20percentovertheirdesirableweighthasrisenfromoneinfourtooneinthreeAmericans.Newspapersandmagazinesarefullofinformationonnutritionandpoordiet.Televisionnewsprogramsurgepeopletoeatmorevegetablesandwarnofthedangersofhigh-fatdietsandhighcholesterollevels—particularlyheartdiseaseandcertaintypesofcancer.Since1994thegovernmenthasrequireduniformlabelingsothatconsumerscancomparethefatandcaloriesinthefoodtheybuy.Grocerystoresarefulloflow-tatorfat-freecookies,crackers,bread,milk,margarine,mayonnaise,andevenpotatochips.ManyAmericanshaveswitchedtoskimmilk,buttheystillbuyfancy,fatrichicecream.MorethanhalfofAmericanssaythattheypayattentiontothenutritionalcontentofthefoodtheyeat,buttheyalsosaytheyeatwhattheyreallywantwhenevertheyfeellikeit.Expertssaythatitisacombinationofsocial,cultural,andpsychologicalfactorsthatdeterminehowpeopleeat．ANewsweekarticleonAmerica'sweightproblemsrefersto“thecultureofover-indulgenceseeminglyingrainedinAmericanlife．Thelandofplentyseemsdestinedtoincludeplentyofpoundsaswell，”theyconclude．PartoftheproblemisthatAmericanseatlargerportionsandoftengobackforsecondhelpings，incontrasttohowmuchpeopleeatinmanyothercountries．AnotherfactorisAmericans’loveoffastfood．Someestimatesarethat50%ofAmericanseatpizzaonceeverytwoweeks，apercentagethatisnodoubtquiteabithigheramonghighschoolandcollegestudents．Americansareconsumingmoreandmorehamburgers，Frenchflies，andsoftdrinksatrestaurants，notonlybecausetheylikethembutalsobecausethesefoodsareoftenthecheapestitemsonthemenu．AnothersignificantfactorisAmericans’busylifestyle．Sincesomanywomenareworking，familiesareeatingalotoffastfood，frozendinners，andrestaurant“takeout”．SomeexpertsbelievethatAmericanshavereallylostcontroloftheireating；itisnotpossibletolimitfatandcalorieswhentheyeatsomuchrestaurantandpackagedfood．Ittakestimetopreparefleshvegetablesandfish；stoppingatKFC(KentuckyFriedChicken)onthewayhomefromworkisamuchfasteralternative．OftenAmericanfamilieseat“ontherun”insteadofsittingdownatthetabletogether．25、B 26、C 27、A 28、A 29、B30、CReading［解析］文章第1段提出当今的职业设想是你能够有足够的发展机会、挑战和工作上的满足感，而不是是否坐上经理的位子。接着第二段第 1句话提到，一种□□□□——□□□□□——□□□□□□□□□□□□□a A提到许多人不想成为经理，许多已经是经理的人正试图脱离旧的管理套路，是对这一现象的□□□□□,□□□ A。［解析］第3□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□,□ E：“我要同时扮演顾问、动员者、财务顾问和心理咨询师的角□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□,□□□□□□□□□□□□,□□□□□□□□,□□□ E。［解析］第4段提到了技术发展□迅□程度，如果你是负责技术方面□，就丝毫□□□□□□B：“很少有人能既懂技术又担负管理职责。”这与第 1句结合□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□［解析］第6□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□,□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□,□ H□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□：□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□：□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□