陕西省西安市蓝田县2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（含答案解析）

第1页/共1页蓝田县2021～2022学年度第一学期期末质量检测试题(卷)高二英语注意事项:1.本试卷共10页,全卷满分150分,答题时间为120分钟;2.答卷前,考生须准确填写自己的姓名、准考证号,并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号;3.本试卷由选择题和非选择题两大部分组成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂,非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写,涂写要工整、清晰;4.考试结束,监考员将试题卷、答题卡一并收回。第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题,每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdoesthemanthinkoftheFrenchclass?A.It’sdifficult.B.It’seasy.C.It’sinteresting.2.Wholikesreadingalone?A.Mary.B.Jim.C.Sarah.3.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Placeanotherorder.B.Waitpatiently.C.Makeaphonecall.4.Howistheweathertoday?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.5.WhendidJennygethomelastnight?A.At10:30.B.At10:00.C.At11:00.第二节(共15小题,每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whydidthewomanreadtheadvertisements?A.Tochooseahotel.B.Tofindajob.C.Toplanatravel.7Whatdidthewomanmajorinatuniversity?A.Physics.B.Hotelmanagement.C.Tourism.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.WatchingTV.B.Cooking.C.Doingshopping.9.Whatdoesthemanlikebest?A.Milk.B.Icecream.C.Cheese.10.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Clerkandcustomer.C.Workmates.听第8段材料,回答第11至14题。11.Howdidthemansleeplastnight?A.Hesleptwell.B.Hesleptbadly.C.Hewokeuponce.12.Whatwillthemanhavetoattendthismorning?A.Aninterview.B.Afewclasses.C.Ameeting.13.Whatshouldthemandoinatrafficjamaccordingtothewoman?A.Breathedeeply.B.Becareful.C.Listentosomemusic.14.Whatprobablyistheman?A.Astudent.B.Ateacher.C.Ataxidriver.听第9段材料,回答第15至17题。15.Whatistheconferenceabout?A.Scientificresearch.B.Businesstrips.C.Readingexperience.16.WhenisthewomangoingtoNewYork?A.Attheendofthismonth.B.Nextmonth.C.Onthefifthofnextmonth.17.Whatwillthemanhelpthewomandoduringthecomingconference?A.Handinpapers.B.Readareport.C.Actasthechairman.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Newspaperreporters.B.Chineseteachers.C.Schoolstudents.19.Whatcancontributetorespectandadmiration?A.Academicperformance.B.Richculturalknowledge.C.Excitingandbrilliantculture.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.WhylearningChinesewellmatters.B.WhoenjoyslearningChinesewell.C.HowyoucanlearnChinesewell.第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AFiveAncientChinesePoemsaboutSpringAsthewinterchillstilllingersthroughearlyspringlongingforwarmdayshassprungupeverywhere.BeforetheflowersareinfullblossomhereisacollectionofancientChinesepoemspicturingtherevivaloflifeduringspring.TheEnglishtranslationsusedinthisarticlearefromChinesetranslatorXuYuanchong.SpringMorning-byMengHaoran(689-740)oftheTangDynasty(618-907)ThisspringmorninginbedI’mlyingNottoawaketillbirdsarecryingAfteronenightofwindandshowersHowmanyarethefallenflowersWritteninaVillageSouthoftheCapital-byCuiHu(772-846)oftheTangDynastyInthishouseonthisdaylastyearapinkfaceviedInbeautywiththepinkpeachblossomssidebysideIdonotknowtodaywherethepinkfacehasgoneInthevernalbreezestillsmilepinkpeachblossomsfull-blownHappyRainonaSpringNight(Excerpts)-byDuFu(712-770)oftheTangDynastyGoodrainknowsitstimeright,itwillfallwhencomesspringWithwinditstealsinnight,Mute,itmoistenseachthingDreamingoftheSouthernShore-byBaiJuyi(772-846)oftheTangDynastyFairSouthernshoreWithscenesImuchadoreAtsunriseriversideflowersredderthanfireInspringgreenwavesgrowasblueassapphireWhichIcan’tbutadmireLoveSeeds-byWangWei(701-761)oftheTangDynastyRedberriesgrowinthesouthernlandHowmanyloadinspringthetreesGatherthemtillfullisyourhandTheywouldrevivefondmemories1.Whichseasonarethepoemsprobablytalkingabout?A.Winter. B.Autumn. C.Summer. D.Spring.2.Whichoneofthepoemsmentionsthescenealongariver?A.LoveSeeds B.DreamingoftheSouthernShoreC.HappyRainonaSpringNight D.WritteninavillageSouthoftheCapital3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.AllofthepoetswerefromtheTangDynasty.B.BothCuiHuandBaiJuyidiedatthesameage.C.MengHaoranlivedlongerthanotherpoets.D.CuiHuwroteapoemhighlightingthecolorpink.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了5首关于春天的中国古代诗歌，以及各位诗人相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章标题“FiveAncientChinesePoemsaboutSpring(五首关于春天的中国古代诗歌)”可知，这些诗歌是关于春天的。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四首诗前两句“FairSouthernshore;WithscenesImuchadore(江南好，风景旧曾谙)”可知，白居易写的这首诗怀念了江南江边的江景，故此诗提及了延江的场景。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据每首诗作者名后括号里的出生和离世年份可知，孟浩然(689-740)离世时51岁，杜甫(712-770)离世时58岁，故可知，孟浩然并没有比其他诗人活的时间长，故选项C的表述有误。故选C项。BBorninNewYorkin1918,scientistGertrudeB.Elionhadanimpressivecareer,duringwhichshedevelopedmedicinestocuremanymajordiseases.ElionspentherearlyyouthinManhattan.Sheattendedseniorhighschoolandhad,inherwords,anunbelievablethirstforknowledge.Influencedbythedeathofhergrandfather,whodiedofcancer,ElionenteredHunterCollegeattheageof15andgraduatedinchemistryattheageof19.Shehaddifficultyfindingemploymentaftergraduationbecausemanylaboratoriesrefusedtohirewomenchemists.Shefoundapart-timejobasalabassistantandwentbacktoschoolatNewYorkUniversity.Elionworkedasahighschoolteacherforafewyearsafterfinishingworkonhermaster’sdegree.ThestartofWorldWarIIcreatedmoreopportunitiesforwomen.Attheageof26,ElionwasabletogetajobatBurroughsWelcome,whereshebegana40-yearpartnershipwithDr.GeorgeH.Hitchings.HerthirstforknowledgeimpressedDr.Hitchings,andhepermittedhertotakeonmoreresponsibility.ElionandHitchingssetoutonacourseofcreatingmedicinesbystudyingthechemicalcompositionofdiseasedcells.Ratherthanrelyingonoldtrial-and-errormethods,theyusedthedifferencesinbiochemistrybetweennormalhumancellsandpathogens(病原体)todesignmedicines.Inall,Elionobtained45patentsonmedicineandwasawarded23honorarydegrees.In1988,ElionreceivedtheNobelPrizeforMedicine,togetherwithGeorgeH.HlitchingsandSirJamesBlack.Shereceivedotherawardsforherwork,includingtheNationalMedalofSciencein1991,andthatsameyear,shebecamethefirstwomantobeabsorbedintotheNationalInventorsHallofFame.In1997,shewasawardedtheLemelson-MITLifetimeAchievementAward.4.WhatcanwesayaboutElionasahighschoolstudent?A.Shehadasatisfyingpart-timejob.B.Shehadastrongdesireforlearning.C.Shehadagiftforchemistryathighschool.D.Shemadegreatachievementsinchemistry.5.WhydidElionchoosetostudychemistryatcollege?A.Tomeethergrandfather’swish.B.Tofindagoodjobaftergraduation.C.Tocreatemedicinestocurediseases.D.Tobeachemistryteacherinthefuture.6.WhendidElionstartedworkingforBurroughsWelcome?A.In1944. B.In1937. C.In1933. D.In1984.7.WhatdoestheauthormainlytellusaboutElioninthelastparagraph?A.Herlaterlife. B.Hercontributions.C.Herinterestinchemistry. D.Herhonors.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了GertrudeB.Elion的求学及令人印象深刻的职业生涯，并且介绍了她最终取得的成就。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Sheattendedseniorhighschoolandhad,inherwords,anunbelievablethirstforknowledge.”（她上了高中，并且用她的话来说，她有一种难以置信的求知欲。）可知，作为一名高中生，Elion有强烈的求知欲。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Influencedbythedeathofhergrandfather,whodiedofcancer,ElionenteredHunterCollegeattheageof15andgraduatedinchemistryattheageof19.”（受祖父死于癌症的影响，Elion15岁进入亨特学院，19岁毕业于化学专业。），结合后文她与Hitchings一起研究患病细胞的化学成分来制造药物的课程，之后或诺贝尔奖可以推断Elion选择在大学里学习化学的原因是：要创造药物去治疗疾病。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。结合文章第一句“BorninNewYorkin1918,scientistGertrudeB.Elionhadanimpressivecareer”（1918年出生于纽约的科学家GertrudeB.Elion有着令人印象深刻的职业生涯），文章第三段第二句“Attheageof26,ElionwasabletogetajobatBurroughsWelcome,whereshebegana40-yearpartnershipwithDr.GeorgeH.Hitchings.”（26岁的时候，Elion在BurroughWelcome找到了一份工作，在那里她与GeorgeH.Hitchings博士建立了40年的合作关系。），可以推断Elion在1944年开始为BurroughsWelcome工作的。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“In1988,ElionreceivedtheNobelPrizeforMedicine,togetherwithGeorgeH.HitchingsandSirJamesBlack.Shereceivedotherawardsforherwork,includingtheNationalMedalofSciencein1991,andthatsameyear,shebecamethefirstwomantobeabsorbedintotheNationalInventorsHallofFame.In1997,shewasawardedtheLemelson-MITLifetimeAchievementAward.”（1988年，Elion与GeorgeH.Hitchings和SirJamesBlack一起获得诺贝尔医学奖。她因其工作获得了其他奖项，包括1991年的国家科学奖章，同年，她成为第一位进入国家发明家名人堂的女性。1997年，她被授予麻省理工学院莱默森终身成就奖。），可知在最后一段中，作者主要告诉我们关于Elion的荣誉。故选D。CTheEarthisfacingaclimatecrisis,butit’salsogettinggreener.Accordingtoanewresearch,theriseislargelybecauseofChinaandIndia.AstudybyNASA,basedonextensivesatelliteimagery,hasrevealedthatthetwocountrieswiththeworld’sbiggestpopulationsarealsoresponsibleforthelargestincreaseingreenplants.AthirdoftheleafincreaseisattributabletoChinaandIndia,duetotheimplementationofmajortreeplantingprojectsaswellasavastincreaseinagriculture.“ChinaandIndiaaccountforone-thirdofthegreening,butcontainonly9%oftheplanet’slandareacoveredinvegetation-asurprisingfinding,consideringthelargepopulationsinthecountriesneedmuchland,”ChiChen,thestudy’sleadauthorsaidinastatement.Between2000and2017,aNASAsensorgathereddataoftheEarth’ssurfacefromaboardtwosatellites,theTerraandtheAqua.Usingthedata,researchersdiscoveredthatChinaisthesourceofaquarteroftheincreaseingreenleafarea,despitepossessingonly6.6%oftheworld’svegetatedarea.Forestsac-countfor42%ofthatincrease,whilecroplandsmakeupafurther32%.China’sincreaseinforestareaistheresultofforestconservationandexpansionprograms,establishedtocombattheimpactsofclimatechangeandairpollution.RamaNemani,aresearcheratNASA’sAmesResearchCenter,saidinastatement,“WhenthegreeningoftheEarthwasfirstobserved,wethoughtitwasduetoawarmer,wetterclimatefromtheaddedcarbondioxideintheatmosphere,leadingtomoreleafgrowthinnorthernforests,forinstance.Now,withthedata,weseethathumansarealsocontributing,”Nemanisaid.“Thiswillhelpscientistsmakebetterpre-dictionsaboutthebehaviorofdifferentEarthsystems,whichwillhelpcountriesmakebetterdecisionsa-bouthowandwhentolakeaction.”8.WhatcanwegetfromthenewresearchbyNASA?A.ChinaandIndiashouldberesponsiblefortheworld’sclimatecrisis.B.ChinaandIndiamakeacontributiontotheEarth’sincreasinggreening.C.ChinaandIndiahavethebiggestpopulationsandthemostgreenplaints.D.TheEarthnolongerfacesaclimatecrisisbecauseofChinaandIndia’sefforts.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertointhelastparagraph?A.ThegreeningoftheEarth.B.Theincreasedcroplands.C.Theprotectionoftheforests.D.Theimpactsofclimate.10.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheEarthisFacingaClimateCrisisB.ChinaandIndiaCausetheClimateChangeC.ChinaandIndiaareMakingtheEarthGreenerD.NASAReleasedaReportonAirPollution11.Inwhichcolumnmayyoureadsuchapassage?A.Sports. B.Lifestyle. C.Business. D.Environment.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。地球正面临着气候危机，但它也越来越绿了。根据一项新的研究，增长主要是由于中国和印度。NASA根据广泛的卫星图像进行的一项研究表明，这两个人口最多的国家也是绿色植物数量增长最大的原因。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一自然段“AstudybyNASA,basedonextensivesatelliteimagery,hasrevealedthatthetwocountrieswiththeworld’sbiggestpopulationsarealsoresponsibleforthelargestin-creaseingreenplants.(根据一项新的研究，这种增长主要是因为中国和印度。美国国家航空航天局根据大量卫星图像进行的一项研究表明，这两个世界上人口最多的国家也是绿色植物增长最多的国家。)”可知，中国和印度为地球日益绿化做出了贡献。故选B。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段“RamaNemani,aresearcheratNASA’sAmesResearchCenter,saidinastatement,“WhenthegreeningoftheEarthwasfirstobserved,wethoughtitwasduetoawarmer,wetterclimatefromtheaddedcarbondioxideintheatmosphere,leadingtomoreleafgrowthinnorthernforests,forinstance.(美国国家航空航天局艾姆斯研究中心的研究员拉玛·内曼尼在一份声明中表示，当我们第一次观察到地球变绿时，我们认为这是由于大气中二氧化碳的增加导致气候更加温暖、湿润，例如，导致北部森林的树叶生长更多。)”，联系上下文，it指代的是上文提及的thegreeningoftheEarth。故选A。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，地球正面临着气候危机，但它也越来越绿了。根据一项新的研究，增长主要是由于中国和印度。NASA根据广泛的卫星图像进行的一项研究表明，这两个人口最多的国家也是绿色植物数量增长最大的原因。故C项“ChinaandIndiaareMakingtheEarthGreener”最能概括文章主旨。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一在自然段“AstudybyNASA,basedonextensivesatelliteimagery,hasrevealedthatthetwocountrieswiththeworld’sbiggestpopulationsarealsoresponsibleforthelargestin-creaseingreenplants.(根据一项新的研究，这种增长主要是因为中国和印度。美国国家航空航天局根据大量卫星图像进行的一项研究表明，这两个世界上人口最多的国家也是绿色植物增长最多的国家。)”可知，本文所述内容与环境有关。故最有可能在“Environment”栏读到本文。故选D。DThefutureofthecityishere.SidewalkLabs,acompanyownedbyAlphabet(whichalsoownsGoogle),wonacompetitiontodesignaneighborhoodbyLakeOntario,Canada.Thecompetitionwasheldasawaytoimprovethebuilding,publicspaces,andtransportationinthearea.ThecityofTorontohaspromised$1.25billionforroads,sidewalks,electricity,water,andsoon.SidewalkLabshasalreadyput$50millionintotheproject.Theneighborhoodhasalreadybeengiventhename"Quayside."Whenfinished,itwillincludemanyhigh-techandenvironmentallyfriendlydesigns.Theseincludeheatedsidewalksandcycletrackstomelt（融化）snowandself-drivingbuses.Therewillalsobenarrowerstreetwithlesscarandmoreroomforpublicspaceslikeparks.Thebuildingswillbemadeofplastictomakethemmoreaffordableandeasiertochange.Undergroundpassageswillbeusedforrubbishcollectionandforrepair.Therewillalsobeenvironmentallyfriendlyenergyuse,changeabletrafficlights,andcontinuousimprovementthroughdata(数据)collectionandstudies.Thisdatawillcomefromsensors(传感器)collectinginformationabouttrafficornoiselevels,energyuse,wasteoutput,etc.Thereare,ofcourse,someworriesabouttheproject.OneisthatthereisalreadyahousingshortageinToronto,andmakinganexpensive,high-techneighborhoodwon'thelpwiththat.ItisimportantforQuaysidetobeusedbytheelderly,thedisabled,thepoorandpeopleofdifferentraces,notonlybypeoplewhoworkattechcompanies.Anotherworryisaboutdatacollectionandpeople'sprivacy.DanDctoroff,theCEOofSidewalkLabs,saidthatthedatacollectionwillonlybeusedtoimprovepeople'slifeinQuayside.Headdedthatprivacycanbeputintoeverypartoftheneighborhood.Sincethiskindofneighborhoodisnew,nodoubttherewillbemanyproblems,andnewlawswillhavetobemadeforthiskindofhigh-techhousing.Buthopefully,wewillbeabletoseesuchafuturisticneighborhoodsoon.12.HowwillSidewalkLabscarryoutitsproject?A.BydevelopingadvancedtechnologyB.BycooperatingwiththecityofTorontoC.Bycollectingenoughmoney.D.Bycallingonpeopletotakepartinit.13.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Detailsofupcomingneighborhood.B.TechnologiesofferedbyprojectC.High-techdesignsofQuaysideD.Equipmentintheuniqueneighborhood14.Whydosomepeoplefeelworriedaboutthenewneighborhood?A.BecausetheyhavetospendmuchtimeonitB.BecauseQuaysideisonlyavailabletotheelderly,thedisableandthepoorC.BecausetheyfeartheirprivacywillbeprobablygivenawayD.Becausenotallpeoplewanttoliveinsuchaneighborhood.15.What'sthewriter'sattitudetotheQuayside?A.Positive B.Negative. C.Worried D.Doubtful【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述SidewalkLabs将在加拿大安大略湖旁建设一个叫作Quayside的地区。Quayside将包含高科技和环保设计，从而改善该区域的住房，公共区域和交通情况。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ThecityofTorontohaspromised$1.25billionforroads,sidewalks,electricity,water,andsoon.SidewalkLabshasalreadyput$50millionintotheproject.”（多伦多已经承诺为道路，人行道，电力，水况等等建设提供12.5亿美元，SidewalkLabs已经投入使用了5000万美元。）可知，Sidewalk计划的实施是在和多伦多合作下进行的。故选B项。【13题详解】主旨大意题。由第三段“Theneighborhoodhasalreadybeengiventhename"Quayside."Whenfinished,itwillincludemanyhigh-techandenvironmentallyfriendlydesigns.”（这个区域已经被取名Quayside。当它被完成，它将包含很多高科技和环保的设计），以及后文在讲人行道，街道，建筑和地下过道等的情况。由此可推断，本段主要讲Quayside的一些细节情况。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章中“Anotherworryisaboutdatacollectionandpeople'sprivacy”（另一种担心在于数据收集和人们的隐私问题。）可知，人们担心自己的隐私由于数据收集而泄露。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Buthopefully,wewillbeabletoseesuchafuturisticneighborhoodsoon.”（但是，很有希望，我们将很快能够看到如此未来派的地区。）可知，作者对Quayside是积极充满希望的。故选A项。第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itisawarwithoutguns,bombs,orsmoke.Anewcoronavirus,adeadlydisease,breaksoutallovertheworld.Whatshouldyoudotokeepyourselffromthisvirus?____16____.Cleanhandswithsoapandwateroralcohol-basedhandrubItisquitenecessarytocleanyourhandswithsoapandwatercompletelyforatleast20secondsbeforeyouhavemealsandafterusingthetoilet,especiallyafteryoureturnhome.____17____,you’dbetterwashyourhandswithalcohol-basedrub.Virusescanspreadfromhumancontactwithanimals,sothisisveryimportant.CovernoseandmouthwhilecoughingandsneezingWhenitcomestohumantohumantransmission(传播)oftheviruses,itoftenhappenswhensomeonecomesintocontactwithaninfectedperson’ssecretions(分泌物),suchasdroplets(飞沫)inacough.____18____,youshouldcoveryourmouthandnosewithatissue.Oryoucancoughorsneezeintoyoursleeve.Avoidcoveringwithyourhanddirectly.____19____Wearingamaskisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoprotectyoufromgettinginfected.Makesuretowearitproperlybytighteningupthenoseclipandpullingthebottomofitoveryourchin.Ifyouarenotfeelingwellorhavesymptomsoffever,amaskisneededtopreventyoufromspreadinggermstoothers.Takeexerciseregularly____20____.Itcanstrengthenyourheartandensuretheefficientflowofbloodthroughoutthebody.Besides,itcanalsoimproveyourimmunesystem,tosomedegreemakingithelpfultogetawayfromthevirusesandillnesses.Allinall,ifyouhavesymptomsoffeverandrespiratoryinfection,youmustseekimmediatemedicalattention.A.WearmasksB.SeeadoctorC.WhenyoucoughorsneezeD.Ifyouwanttotakeexercise,youshouldgetupearlyE.HerearesomesuggestionsyoucanfollowinyourdailylifeF.IfyouarenotcarefulenoughtocontactwithanimalsordealwithanimalwastesG.Takingexerciseregularlyisoneofthemostimportantwaystostayawayfromthevirus【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.A20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种日常生活中让自己远离新冠病毒的方法。【16题详解】分析设空，位于第一段的段尾，起到引起下文的作用，再根据前文“Whatshouldyoudotokeepyourselffromthisvirus?(你应该怎么做才能让自己远离这种病毒?)”可知，E项“Herearesomesuggestionsyoucanfollowinyourdailylife(这里有一些建议，你可以在日常生活中遵循)”是对前一句的回答，并起到引出下文的作用，符合文意。故选E项。【17题详解】分析设空可知，空后是逗号，后接一句话（主句），该空属于从句句型，所以选项C，D和F符合要求，再根据后文“Virusescanspreadfromhumancontactwithanimals,sothisisveryimportant.(病毒可以通过人与动物的接触传播，所以这一点非常重要)”可知，此处是在讲病毒可以通过人与动物的接触传播，所以F项“Ifyouarenotcarefulenoughtocontactwithanimalsordealwithanimalwastes(如果你不小心接触动物或处理动物粪便)”符合文意。故选F项。【18题详解】分析设空可知，空后是逗号，后接一句话（主句），该空属于从句句型，所以选项C，D和F符合要求，再根据后文“Oryoucancoughorsneezeintoyoursleeve.Avoidcoveringwithyourhanddirectly.(或者你可以用袖子咳嗽或打喷嚏。避免直接用手捂住)”可知，此处是在讲咳嗽或打喷嚏时，应捂住口鼻，所以C项“Whenyoucoughorsneeze(当你咳嗽或打喷嚏时)”符合文意。故选C项。【19题详解】分析设空可知，空处应是小标题，是对本段的高度概括，根据后文“Wearingamaskisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoprotectyoufromgettinginfected.Makesuretowearitproperlybytighteningupthenoseclipandpullingthebottomofitoveryourchin.Ifyouarenotfeelingwellorhavesymptomsoffever,amaskisneededtopreventyoufromspreadinggermstoothers.(戴口罩是保护你免受感染的最有效方法之一。确保正确佩戴，收紧鼻夹，并将底部拉到下巴上方。如果你感觉不舒服或有发烧的症状，就需要戴口罩，以防把细菌传染给别人)”可知，本段主要是在讲戴口罩，所以A项“Wearmasks(戴上口罩)”符合文意。故选A项。20题详解】根据本段小标题“Takeexerciseregularly(经常锻炼)”可知，本段主要是讲锻炼对预防病毒的好处，所以G项“Takingexerciseregularlyisoneofthemostimportantwaystostayawayfromthevirus(经常锻炼是远离病毒的最重要方法之一)”是对小标题的进一步补充说明，其中Takingexerciseregularly为同词复现。故选G项。第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Annawasa9-year-oldgirlfromasmallvillage.She____21____primaryschooltillGrade4athervillage.FromGrade5on,shehadtogeta(n)____22____toaschoolinacitynearby.Shewasvery____23____knowingthatshewasacceptedbyaveryfamousschoolinacity.Todaywasthefirstdayofherschool.Annaenteredtheschoolwith____24____.Shewenttoherclass-roomafteraskingfellowstudentsfor____25____.Uponseeingher____26____clothingandknowingsheisfromasmallvillage,otherstudentsstarted____27____ather.Luckily,theteacherarrivedintheclassroomon____28____.Sheaskedeveryonetokeep____29____.Afterthat,theteacher____30____Annatotheclass.Thenshetoldeveryonetowritedownthe7wondersoftheworld.WheneveryoneexceptAnnahad____31____theiranswerpaper,theteachercameandaskedAnna,“Whathappened,dear?Don’t____32____.Justwritewhatyouknowasotherstudentshavealready____33____aboutit.”Annareplied,“Iwasthinkingthattherearesomanythings,andwhich7Ishould____34____towrite?”Whenshehandedinheranswerpaper,theteacherreadingeveryone’sanswersandthemajorityhadansweredit____35____.Theteacherwas____36____forthestudentshadrememberedwhatshehadtaughtthem.Atlasttheteacher____37____Anna’sanswerpaperandstartedreading."The7Wondersare-Tobeabletosee;Tobeabletohear;Tobeabletofeel;Tolaugh;Tothink;Tobekind;Tolove!”Theteacherstood____38____andthewholeclasswasspeechless.Today,agirlfromasmallvillage____39____themofthepreciousgiftsthatGodhasgivenus,whichistrulya____40____.21.A.visited B.attended C.avoided D.left22.A.choice B.award C.trial D.admission23.A.curious B.doubtful C.pleased D.cautious24.A.excitement B.shame C.disappointment D.anxiety25.A.candidates B.permission C.protection D.directions26.A.special B.poor C.familiar D.tight27.A.laughing B.amusing C.pointing D.escaping28.A.way B.case C.time D.hurry29.A.calm B.quiet C.safe D.still30.A.explained B.announced C.introduced D.mentioned31.A.submitted B.received C.prepared D.collected32.A.challenge B.sigh C.pretend D.worry33.A.counted B.grown C.learned D.occupied34.A.choose B.agree C.disturb D.manage35.A.specially B.independently C.unwillingly D.correctly36.A.determined B.satisfied C.relaxed D.hopeful37.A.pickedup B.madeup C.reliedon D.tookin38.A.relieved B.bored C.shocked D.delighted39.A.warned B.reminded C.searched D.persuaded40.A.trick B.magic C.adventure D.wonder【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.B27.A28.C29.B30.C31.A32.D33.C34.A35.D36.B37.A38.C39.B40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。Anna从农村转学到城市，同学们因为她的穿着嘲笑她，但在作业中她写却出了上帝给予我们的最珍贵的礼物，让全体师生震惊。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在村里上小学直到四年级。A.visited拜访；B.attended定期去(学校、教堂等)；C.avoided避免；D.left离开。根据后文“Forthe5thgradeon,shehadtogeta(n)____2____toaschoolinacitynearby.”可知，此处指Anna在村里上学上到了4年级，attendschool“上学”。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：五年级的时候，她必须获得附近城市一所学校的入学许可。A.choice选择；B.award奖品；C.trial实验；D.admission许可。根据后文“Shewasvery____3____knowingthatshewasacceptedbyaveryfamousschoolinacity.”可知，到5年级时她得到许可去城里的学校上学，此处指得到许可。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她很高兴知道她被一个城市的一所非常有名的学校录取了。A.curious好奇的；B.doubtful可疑的；C.pleased高兴的；D.cautious谨慎的。根据空后“thatshewasacceptedbyaveryfamousschoolinacity.”可知，此处指Anna被市里的学校录取，她非常高兴。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：安娜兴奋地走进学校。A.excitement兴奋；B.shame羞愧；C.disappointment失望；D.anxiety渴望，焦急。根据后文“Todaywasthefirstdayofherschool.”可知，此处指开学第一天Anna兴奋地走进学校。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：安娜在同学们的指导下，终于来到了她的教室。A.candidates候选人；B.permission允许；C.protection保护；D.directions说明。根据空前“afteraskingfellowstudentsfor”可知Anna在同学们的指导下，来到了教室。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到她衣衫褴褛，知道她来自一个小村庄，其他学生开始嘲笑她。A.special特别的；B.poor不好的，贫瘠的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.tight紧的。根据前“Annawasa9-year-oldgirlfromasmallvillage.”可知Anna家庭条件不好，穿着不好的衣服。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：看到她衣衫褴褛，知道她来自一个小村庄，其他学生开始嘲笑她。A.laughing嘲笑；B.amusing逗乐；C.pointing指向；D.escaping逃跑。根据前文“Uponseeingher____6____clothingandknowingsheisfromasmallvillage,”可知，学生们看她穿得不好都开始嘲笑她。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，老师很快就到了。A.way道路；B.case情况；C.time时间；D.hurry匆忙。根据空前的“Luckily,”及后文“Sheaskedeveryonetokeep_____9_____.”可知，老师很快就来教室了。innotime“立刻，很快”。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她要求每个人保持安静。A.calm平静的；B.quiet安静的；C.safe安全的；D.still静止的。根据前文“otherstudentsstarted____7____her.Luckily,theteacherarrivedinno____8____.Sheaskedeveryonetokeep”可知，当其他同学嘲笑Anna的时候，老师来教室后让学生们保持安静，keepquiet“保持安静”。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：之后，老师把安娜介绍给全班同学。A.explained解释；B.announced宣布；C.introduced介绍；D.mentioned提到。根据前文“Todaywasthefirstdayofherschool.”及“Annatotheclass.”可知，在新学期第一天老师把Anna介绍给全班同学，introduce…to…“向……介绍……”。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当除了安娜之外的所有人都交卷后，老师走过来问安娜：“亲爱的，发生了什么事？别担心。只要把你知道的写下来，因为其他学生已经学过了。”A.submitted递交；B.received收到；C.prepared准备；D.collected收集。根据空后“theiranswerpaper”可知，老师布置让学生们写世界7大奇迹，除了Anna，别人都递交了作业。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当除了安娜之外的所有人都交卷后，老师走过来问安娜：“亲爱的，发生了什么事？别担心。只要把你知道的写下来，因为其他学生以已经学过了。”A.challenge挑战；B.sigh叹息；C.pretend假装；D.worry担心。根据空后“Justwritewhatyouknowasotherstudentshave_____13_____learnedaboutit.”可知老师在安慰Anna。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当除了安娜之外的所有人都交卷后，老师走过来问安娜：“亲爱的，发生了什么事？别担心。只要把你知道的写下来，因为其他学生学过了。”A.counted数；B.grown成长；C.learned学习，了解；D.occupied占据。根据空前“Justwritewhatyouknowasotherstudentshave”可知，别人已经学过了。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：安娜回答说：“我在想有这么多的东西，我应该选择哪七个来写呢？”A.choose选择；B.agree同意；C.disturb打扰；D.manage管理。根据前文“Iwasthinkingthattherearesomanythings,”可知，Anna认为有太多的奇迹，不知道该选哪七个写。故选A。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当她交上答卷时，老师阅读了每个人的答案，大多数人都答对了。A.specially特别地；B.independently独立地；C.unwillingly不情愿地；D.correctly正确地。根据上文“asotherstudentshave_____13_____learnedaboutit.”可知，因为已经学过，所以大多数人都回答正确。故选D。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老师很满意的，因为学生们记住了她教给他们的东西。A.determined坚决的；B.satisfied满意的；C.relaxed放松的；D.hopeful有希望的。根据前文“Whenshehandedinheranswerpaper,theteacherreadingeveryone’sanswersandthemajority(大多数)hadansweredit_____15_____.”可知，由于学生们都记着老师讲的内容，都回答正确，所以老师很满意。故选B。【37题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后，老师拿起安娜的答卷开始阅读。A.picke