2022届河北省衡水中学高三年级上学期五调考试英语试题（教师版含解析）

河北省衡水中学2022届上学期高三年级五调考试英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatwillthemandoonthecomingNewYear’sDay?A.Gooutwithfriends.B.Visitsomeclassmates.C.Visithisgrandparents.2.Howdidthewomanknowabouttheparty?A.Fromamessage.B.Fromacall.C.Fromane-mail.3.Whichistherightgatefortheman’sflighttoTokyo?A.Gate24.B.Gate25.C.Gate26.4.Whereistheman’scameraprobably?A.Onthesteps.B.Intheshop.C.Inhiscar.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Acompany.B.Aposition.C.Theincome.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whyisthemantakingthetrip?A.Forsightseeing.B.Forstudy.C.Forbusiness.7.HowlongwillthemanstayinParis?A.Fortwodays.B.Forfourdays.C.Fortwoweeks.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesthewomandislikeherjob?A.Itisn’tmeaningful.B.Itisn’twellpaid.C.Shedoesn’tgetpromoted.9.Whatisthewoman’smajor?A.Marketresearch.B.Marketingandsales.C.Management.10.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Keepingagoodmood.B.Changingherjob.C.Talkingwithherboss.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Openthedoor.B.Shutthewindow.C.Putonthesweater.12.WhydothespeakerssearchtheInternet？A.Tolookforadvice.B.Todownloadavideo.C.Tobuysomefurniture.13.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.ShopforChristmas.B.Gotobed.C.Lookforcandles.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.What’sthemancomplainingabout?A.Adelayeddelivery.B.Awrongdelivery.C.Anoverpaidorder.15.Whatdidthemanorderfromthedepartmentstore?A.Tables.B.Chairs.C.Couches.16.WhatwentwronginHarper’sDepartmentStore?A.Powersystem.B.Securitysystem.C.Computersystem.17.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthestore’sservice?A.Satisfied.B.Unsatisfied.C.Justsoso.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatareSusanRipponandAnnaFord?A.Newsphotographers.B.Newseditors.C.Newsannouncers.19.WhendidSusanbeginherjobattheBBC?A.Oneyearago.B.Threeyearsago.C.Thirteenyearsago.20.HowdidpeoplereactwhenAnnaworkedforthefirsttime?A.Curious.B.Dull.C.Nervous.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABermuda,theislandknownforitspink-sandbeaches,blue.waters,andyear-roundwarmweather,hasbeenannouncedtheOfficialSponsoroftheU.S.Open.It'safittingcollaboration(协作),giventheisland'sreputationasadestinationfortravelersinsearchofperfectadventures一justaninety-minuteflightfromNewYorkCity.Lesserknown,however,isthatthelonghistoryofAmericantenniswasintroducedbythisattractiveAtlanticisland.Nearlyahundredandfiftyyearsago,theNewYorkcelebrityMaryEwingOuterbridgesailedfordaystovacationonthisquietisland.Shewatched,fascinated,assomeBritishsoldiersstationedthereplayedtennis,althougha'versiondifferentfromoneweknowtoday.ThecourtsinBermudawereshapedlikehourglasses,thenetwasalsohigher,andanumberoftherulesweredifferent.Marybecamefascinatedwatchingtheballflyingbackandforth,andendeduppurchasingakitcontainingallthematerialsneededtobringthesporthometoStatenIsland.Usingahand-drawndiagram,shelaidoutacourtatherbrother'scricketclub,wherethesportcaughtonamongmembers.Fromthere,thegame'spopularityquicklygrew,leadingtostandardizedrulesandregulations--andthen,in1880,tothefirstU.S.tennischampionship.Inonlyafewyears,Mary'sunexpectedsouvenirfromherBermudatriphelpedsetanationaltradition:today,nearlyeighteenmillionpeopleintheUSplaythesport,fromthepublic-tennis-courtgamesinmanycitiestotheannualU.S.Open,inNYC.MarysroleinbringingtennisfromBermudatoAmericahasearnedheraplaceintheInternationalTennisHallofFame.Itonlyservestoenhancethesport'sappealtolearnthateveryswingoftheracketintheUScanbetracebacktoBermuda,whereislandadventuresstillwaitforalltravelers--tennisloversincluded.You'rewelcome!1.WhatcanwelearnaboutBermuda?AItisdistantfromNewYorkCity.B.Itisfriendlytoadventureseekers.C.ItisunfittosponsortheU.S.Open..D.Itisbetterknownforbeingtheoriginoftennis.2.WhichofthefollowingisMary'scontributiontoAmericantennis?A.SheheldthefirstU.S.tennischampionship.B.Shemadethegamebecomeworldfamous.C.ShedesignedthefirsttenniscourtintheUS.D.Shesetstandardrulesandregulationsofthegame.3.Whatistherealpurposeofthispassage?A.TointroducethefounderofAmericantennis.B.TointroducethehistoryofAmericantennis.C.Toattractmorepeopletoenjoythesport.D.ToattractmorepeopletotourBermuda.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了百慕大是探险者的乐园，也是美国网球的发源地，欢迎人们去旅游。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第一段内容“giventheisland'sreputationasadestinationfortravelersinsearchofperfectadventuresr”(有着旅游者寻找完美冒险的目的地的美誉)可知，百慕大对于探险者是友好的，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。由第三段句子“Usingahand-drawndiagram,shelaidoutacourtatherbrother'scricketclub,wherethesportcaughtonamongmembers.”(用一张手绘的简图，她在她哥哥的板球俱乐部布置了一个球场，这项运动在那里流行起来。)可知，Mary的贡献是她布置了美国第一个网球场。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段内容“whereislandadventuresstillwaitforalltravelers--tennisloversincluded.You'rewelcome!”(那里的岛屿探险仍在等待着所有的旅行者—包括网球爱好者。欢迎你的到来！)可知，这篇文章的主要目的是吸引游客去百慕大旅游。故选D项。【点睛】细节理解题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。常用who,what,when,where,why和how等提问。第一小题和第二小题都是细节理解题。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。BWhenSimonCanewasinthesecondgrade,hebeganlearningaboutallthewayshumanshaveanimpactontheenvironmentandreallytookthoseclassroomlessonstoheartinawaythatsethimapartfromhisschoolmatesathiselementaryschool,P.S.81,intheBronx.“Hetoldmewedrovetoomuchandmadetoomuchpollution,”hisdad,JonathanCane,toldRunner’sWorld.SoSimonconvincedhisparentstostarthangingtheirclothestodry,takingthestairsinsteadofelevators,andother“green”measures.“FormuchofkindergartenandfirstgradeIrodemybiketoSimon’sschoolwithhimontheback,”Jonathansaid.“Wehadalotoffunbeingoutdoors.We’dstoptogiveourdogtreatsandgenerallyenjoyedit.”AsSimongotbigger,though,itwasn’tpracticalforhimtorideonhisfather’sback,butitalsodidn’tmakesensetoridetogether—bothbecauseofsafetyconcernsandbecausetherewasnoplacetoputawaySimon’sbike.So,mostofthetimetheydrovethe1.5milestoschool.Butin2019,whenSimonwasgoingintothirdgrade,the8-year-oldcameupwithanewwaytohelptheplanet:runningthe1.5milestoP.S.81.AndJonathanpromisedhissonhe’djoinhimforaslongashewanted.“WedidatestrunonedayinAugust,anddecidedtogiveitago.Tobehonest,Ithoughthe’dblink(眨眼)afteritgotreallycoldorrainy,butheneverdid,”Jonathansaid.Herecalledonedaywhentheweatherwasparticularlybad.“It’sreallyrainingouttheretoday,”hetoldSimon.“AndSimonsaid,‘Wellthenwe’regoingtogetwet!’Hetookprideintoughingitout,anditbecameareallyfunfamilyroutine.”Sincethestart,Simonhasrunwithhisdadandtheirblackdog,Lola,andhaseveninspiredhismom,NicoleSinQuee,tojoinin.Theysoonbecameknownas“thefamilythatrunstoschool”.4.WhatmakesSimondifferentfromhisclassmates?A.Washinghisclothesbyhimself. B.Takingmanyclassesafterschool.C.Raisingstrangequestionsinclass. D.Takinggreenmeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.5.HowdidSimonusuallygotoschoolinsecondgrade?A.Bycar. B.Bycycling. C.Byrunning. D.Byschoolbus.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Simonhastroublewithhiseyesight. B.Simonisreallystubbornandinflexible.C.Simonismuchtougherthanexpected. D.Simondidn’tgetsupportfromhisfather.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheBestWaytoGotoSchoolB.FatherandSonRunfortheEnvironmentC.ATeenagerKeepsRunningtoInspireFatherD.ThreeInspiringRunningAthletestoProtecttheEnvironment【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一位八岁的男孩SimonCane为环保做出的实际行动——和爸爸一起跑去上学。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“WhenSimonCanewasinthesecondgrade,hebeganlearningaboutallthewayshumanshaveanimpactontheenvironmentandreallytookthoseclassroomlessonstoheartinawaythatsethimapartfromhisschoolmatesathiselementaryschool,P.S.81,intheBronx.(当SimonCane上二年级的时候，他开始学习人类对环境的所有影响，并真正把课堂上所学的内容牢记在心，在某种程度上这使他与布朗克斯的第81公立小学的同学们区别开来。)”以及“SoSimonconvincedhisparentstostarthangingtheirclothestodry,takingthestairsinsteadofelevators,andother“green”measures.(所以，西蒙说服他的父母把衣服挂起来晾干，不坐电梯而走楼梯，以及采取其他“绿色”措施。)”可知，当SimonCane上二年级的时候，他开始学习人类对环境的所有影响，把那些课堂上所学的内容铭记于心，并且采取“绿色”措施保护环境，这使得他跟他的同学不同。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“AsSimongotbigger,though,itwasn’tpracticalforhimtorideonhisfather’sback,butitalsodidn’tmakesensetoridetogether—bothbecauseofsafetyconcernsandbecausetherewasnoplacetoputawaySimon’sbike.So,mostofthetimetheydrovethe1.5milestoschool.(然而，随着西蒙长大，骑在他爸爸自行车的后座，对他来说并不现实，但一起骑车也没有意义——既是出于安全考虑，也是因为没有地方放西蒙的自行车。所以大多数时候他们都开车1.5英里到学校。)”以及第三段“Butin2019,whenSimonwasgoingintothirdgrade,the8-year-oldcameupwithanewwaytohelptheplanet:runningthe1.5milestoP.S.81.(但是在2019年，那时候8岁的西蒙上三年级，他提出了一个帮助地球的新方法:跑步1.5英里去布朗克斯第81公立小学。)”可推知，二年级时SimonCane主要是坐车去上学。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“‘Tobehonest,Ithoughthe’dblink(眨眼)afteritgotreallycoldorrainy,butheneverdid,’Jonathansaid.(说实话，我以为天冷了或下雨了他就会犹豫一下，但他从来没有。)”可知，SimonCane比预料的要坚强。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。阅读全文，尤其是根据第一段“WhenSimonCanewasinthesecondgrade,hebeganlearningaboutallthewayshumanshaveanimpactontheenvironmentandreallytookthoseclassroomlessonstoheart(当西蒙·凯恩上二年级的时候，他开始学习人类对环境的所有影响，并真正把课堂上学的内容牢记在心。)”以及最后一段“Sincethestart,Simonhasrunwithhisdadandtheirblackdog,Lola,andhaseveninspiredhismom,NicoleSinQuee,tojoinin.Theysoonbecameknownas“thefamilythatrunstoschool.”(从一开始，西蒙就和他的爸爸和他们的黑狗萝拉一起跑步，甚至还激励了他的妈妈(NicoleSinQuee)也加入进来。他们很快就被称为“跑去上学的家庭”。)”可知，本文主要讲述八岁的男孩SimonCane很重视环保，并且为环保做出的实际行动——和爸爸一起跑步去上学。故选B项。CAlexaisAmazon’scloud-basedvoiceserviceavailableonhundredsofmillionsofdevicesfromAmazonandthird-partydevicemanufacturers.WithAlexa,youcanbuildnaturalvoiceexperiencesthatoffercustomersawaytointeractwiththetechnologytheyuseeveryday.Alexaisalwayseavesdropping(窃听).(SoareSiri,GoogleAssistant,andanyothervirtualassistantyouinviteintoyourhome.)Thisisandisn’tashorribleasitsounds.Althoughit’struethatthedevicecanheareverythingyousaywithinrangeofitsmicrophones,itislisteningforitswakewordbeforeitstartsrecording.Onceithearsthat—“Alexa”isthedefault(默认),butthereareotheroptions—everythinginthefollowingfewsecondsisconsideredtobeacommandorarequestandissentto(andstoredon)serversinthecloud,wherethecorrectresponseistriggered.Thinkofasmartspeakerlikeadog:It’salwayslistening,butitunderstandsonly“cookie,”“walk,”or“Buddy.”Everythingelsegoesrightoveritshead.EverytimeAlexahearsacommand,Amazon—itsparentcompany—hasjustlearnedsomethingaboutyou.MaybethecompanylearnedonlythatyouliketolistentothePolice,orthatyoulikefunnyjokes,orthatyouturnyourlightsoffat11p.m.everynight.Ifyouweretosay“Alexa,whereshouldIburythebody?”you’renotgoingtohavethepoliceshowingupatyourdoor.(IknowbecauseI’vetriedit.)Alexadoesmakemistakes.Sometimesthiscanbefunny,suchaswhenAlexahearsitswakewordinaTVshow.Othertimesit’smoreserious,includinganinstancein2018whenAlexamistakenlysentanentireprivateconversationtoarandomperson’sEchodevice.Occasionallythereareevenhumanslisteningtoyourrequestforweatherreportsortryingtofigureoutwhatyoumeantwhenyouadded“mangosteens”toyourshoppinglist.Sounddisturbing?Youlikelyalreadyagreedtoitintheapp’stermsofusewhenyouinstalledthedevice.Whatbitsofprivacyareyouwillingtosacrificefortheconvenienceprovidedbyasmartspeaker?IfyoutrustthatAmazon’sintentionsarenomoreimmoralthangettingabetterideaofwhatyouwanttobuyonPrimeDay,thenyouhaveyouranswer.Ifyouworryaboutyourprivateinformationfallingintothehandsofthewrongpeople,thenyouhaveanotheranswer.8.Whydoestheauthorcomparesmartspeakerstodogs?A.Toshowsmartspeakersarelifecompanionslikedogs.B.Toshowsmartspeakersaresensitivetousers’commands.C.Toshowsmartspeakersarewokenbyspecificwords.D.Toshowwakewordsforsmartspeakersaredifferent.9.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thetechcompanyknowslessthanusersimagine.B.Thetechcompanyisspyingonusers’everydaylife..C.Thetechcompanyturnsablindeyetosomecrimes.D.Thetechcompanyisinterestedinusers’musictaste.10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAlexa?A.All-round.B.Imperfect.C.Funny.D.Immoral.11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofusingsmartspeakers?A.Itisamatterofopinion.B.Privacyisahighpricetopay.C.Itispartandparceloflife.D.Conveniencealwayscomesfirst.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是亚马逊基于云计算的语音服务Alexa并介绍了Alexa的优缺点。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Thinkofasmartspeakerlikeadog:It’salwayslistening,butitunderstandsonly“cookie,”“walk,”or“Buddy.”Everythingelsegoesrightoveritshead.”可知，想想一只像狗一样的智能扬声器：它总是在听，但它只能听懂“cookie”、“walk”或“Buddy”。其他一切都超出了它的能力范围。由此可知，作者将聪明的说话者比作狗是为了展示智能扬声器可以被特定的词语唤醒。故选C。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的第三段“EverytimeAlexahearsacommand,Amazon—itsparentcompany—hasjustlearnedsomethingaboutyou.”可知，每当Alexa听到一个指令，它的母公司亚马逊就会对你有所了解。由此可知，第三段主要讲的是这家科技公司对用户的品味感兴趣。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“WithAlexa,youcanbuildnaturalvoiceexperiencesthatoffercustomersawaytointeractwiththetechnologytheyuseeveryday.(有了Alexa，你可以建立自然的声音体验，为客户提供一种与他们每天使用的技术交互的方式)”及下文对Alexa功能的具体介绍可知，Alexa是多功能的。故选A。11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whatbitsofprivacyareyouwillingtosacrificefortheconvenienceprovidedbyasmartspeaker?IfyoutrustthatAmazon’sintentionsarenomoreimmoralthangettingabetterideaofwhatyouwanttobuyonPrimeDay,thenyouhaveyouranswer.Ifyouworryaboutyourprivateinformationfallingintothehandsofthewrongpeople,thenyouhaveanotheranswer.”可知，为了智能音箱提供的便利，你愿意牺牲多少隐私呢？如果你相信亚马逊的意图不比在PrimeDay更好地了解你想买什么更不道德，那么你就有了答案。如果你担心你的私人信息落入错误的人手中，那么你还有另一个答案。由此可知，作者认为使用智能扬声器是一个意见问题。故选A。DIsraelicompanyWatergenhasproducedanappliancethatcangenerateclean,drinkablewateroutofair.Thedevice,calledGENNY,issmallenoughtobeusedinahomeorofficebutcangenerateupto30litersofwateraday.GENNYtakesairinandpassesthroughafilter(过滤器)toremovedustanddirt.Thefilterispowerfulenoughtoworkwithhighairpollution.TheairisdirectedthroughGENius,aheatingandcoolingprocesswhichcauseswaterintheairtocondense(凝结).Thiswateristhenpassedthroughseveralmorefiltersandmineralsareaddedtoimprovetheflavorofthewater.Finally,thewaterisstoredinatankwhereitiscontinuallycirculatedtokeepitfresh.Therefore,thewaterproducedbyGENNYisoftenofahigherqualitythanwaterrunningthroughfiltrationsystemsattachedtothecity'swaterlines.ThetechnologyofGENiusismuchbetterthanothertechnologiesthatgeneratewaterfromair.Itproducesfourtofivetimesmorewaterperkilowatt-hour.Watergenhasotherproductsthatusethissametechnologyonalargerscale,thelargestofwhichcanproduceupto5,000litersofwaterperday.Asanaddedbonus,duringthewatergenerationprocess,GENNYcanemitcleanairwhichishealthierforpeopletobreathe.AttheConsumerElectronicsShowinLasVegas,GENNYwasnamedtheEnergyEfficientProductoftheYear.Theawardseriesrecognizetheworld'stophigh-techhomeproducts.Lastyear,Watergen'slarge-scaleproductsweredonatedtoauthoritiesinBrazil,VietnamandIndia.Theyalsoassistedrescueandrecoveryeffortsduringthe2018Californiawildfiresandprovidedclean,safewaterfortheresidentsofTexasandFloridaintheaftermathofthedevastationcausedbyhurricanesHarveyandIrma.Watergenalsoseekstohelpprotecttheenvironmentbyreducingwastegeneratedbyplasticwaterbottles.PeoplearecalledupontoputthewaterfromGEENYintoreusablebottlessothatplasticonesdon'tgetusedandthrownaway.12.WhatdoesGENNYaccomplishbyaddingmineralstothewater?A.Itkeepsthewaterfresh.B.Ithelpskillharmfulbacteria.C.Itsatisfieslocalwaterregulations.D.Itmakesthewatertastebetter.13.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGENius?A.Energy-efficient. B.Cost-saving. C.Time-saving. D.Environment-friendly.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"emit"inparagraph4probablymean?A.Cutdown. B.Blowaway. C.Giveoff. D.Useup.15.WhatcanWatergendousingitslargescaleproducts?A.Consumeplasticwaste.B.Respondtonaturaldisasters.C.Testwaterqualityglobally.D.Relievedroughtinsomecountries.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇科普说明文，介绍了以色列公司Watergen生产的一种可以从空气中产生清洁饮用水的设备，文章说明了该设备的运行方式、优越性和用途，还补充了Watergen公司的其他环保行为。【12题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段第四句”Thiswateristhenpassedthroughseveralmorefiltersandmineralsareaddedtoimprovetheflavorofthewater.(然后这些水再经过几个过滤器，并添加矿物质来改善水的味道。)”可知，添加矿物质的目的是改善水的味道，即使水的味道更好。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“AttheConsumerElectronicsShowinLasVegas,GENNYwasnamedtheEnergyEfficientProductoftheYear.”(在拉斯维加斯的消费电子展上，GENNY被评为年度节能产品。)可知GENius可以被描述为节能。故选A。【14题详解】词句猜测题。由前一句Asanaddedbonus,duringthewatergenerationprocess(作为一个额外的好处，在水的产生过程中)中的bonus可知，emitair…肯定是好的方面，可以猜测这个设备可以排放出清洁的空气，A项是减少，B项是吹走，D项是用光。C项是排出，符合题意。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Theyalsoassistedrescueandrecoveryeffortsduringthe2018Californiawildfiresandprovidedclean,safewaterfortheresidentsofTexasandFloridaintheaftermathofthedevastationcausedbyhurricanesHarveyandIrma.(它们还协助了2018年加州山火的救援和恢复工作，并在飓风Harvey和飓风Irma造成的破坏之后，为得克萨斯州和佛罗里达州的居民提供了干净、安全的饮用水。)”可知Watergen可以利用它的大规模产品对自然灾害做出(积极的)反应。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inanoisyworld,thesoundofsilenceisagentlefriend.Thoughit'savailabletoall,silenceisrarelyembraced.Quietrelaxes,restoresandhelpsyoualot.____16____TheaveragepersonwakesuptoanalarmandthenturnsontheradioorTV.Outside,planesroarandcarshonk.Infact,toomuchnoisecanactuallyreduceyourcognitivefunctionandlifespan.Itistimetotapintosilence,anecessaryandforgottennaturalresource.Justsettingaside30minutesadayforpuresilenceishealing.Shutoffyourphone,turnoffthemusic,andspendtimealone.Similartomeditation,thisprecioustimeallowsyourbraintorefreshcognitivefunctionsincludingcreativity.____17____Twohoursofsilenceperdaycanbehelpfultocelldevelopmentinthebrain,wherememoriesareformed.Eventhoughrelaxingmusiccanbeeffective,silenceisideal.____18____Whensurroundedbysilence,yourconsciousnesshasmorefreedomtoprocessinformation.Thiscanleadtobetterdecisionmakingandmoreacuteself-awareness.____19____Arecentreportsuggestedthatoneinthreepeopleloseawholeyearofftheirlifeduetonoise.Andthisislinkedtoheartdisease,sleeplossandhighbloodpressure.Althoughmanyfindsilencetobeemptyandboring,itisagiftandararethinglikegold.____20____Andthensimplystaywithit.Whenyouembraceitandletitfillyou,youareopentohealingandwellness.A.Silencecangeneratebraincells.B.Silencemayassistinself-reflection.C.Toomuchnoisecanhavetheoppositeeffect.D.Trytomoveforwardtoaplaceofpuresilence.E.Noisecanimproveyourabilitytocalmdownquickly.F.Youmaybesousedtosoundsandyouhardlynoticethem.G.Thistimewillalsohelpyoutoreconnectwithyourinnerself.【答案】16.F17.G18.B19.C20.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了寂静给人们带来的好处以及如何置身于寂静的世界。【16题详解】根据后句“TheaveragepersonwakesuptoanalarmandthenturnsontheradioorTV.Outside,planesroarandcarshonk.”(一般人会被闹钟叫醒，然后打开收音机或电视。外面，飞机轰鸣，汽车鸣笛)可知这些都是生活中很难注意到的噪音，F项：Youmaybesousedtosoundsandyouhardlynoticethem.(你可能已经习惯了声音，几乎没有注意到它们)合乎题意。故选F项。【17题详解】根据上句“Similartomeditation,thisprecioustimeallowsyourbraintorefreshcognitivefunctionsincludingcreativity.”(和冥想一样，这段宝贵的时间可以让你的大脑恢复包括创造力在内的认知功能)可知设空处也会讲这段宝贵的时间的好处，G项：Thistimewillalsohelpyoutoreconnectwithyourinnerself.(这段时间也会帮助你与你的内在自我重新连接)其中“time”原词重现,also表明上下文的并列关系。故选G项。【18题详解】根据后句“Whensurroundedbysilence,yourconsciousnesshasmorefreedomtoprocessinformation.Thiscanleadtobetterdecisionmakingandmoreacuteself-awareness.”(当被沉默包围时，你的意识有更多的自由来处理信息。这可以导致更好的决策和更敏锐的自我意识)可知沉默有助于自我反省。B项：Silencemayassistinself-reflection.(沉默有助于自我反省)符合语境，“self-awareness”和“self-reflection”为近义词。故选B项【19题详解】根据后句“Arecentreportsuggestedthatoneinthreepeopleloseawholeyearofftheirlifeduetonoise”(最近的一份报告显示，三分之一的人因为噪音失去了整整一年的生命)可知本段主要是说噪音的坏处。C项：Toomuchnoisecanhavetheoppositeeffect.(太多的噪音会产生相反的效果)符合语境，其中“noise”原词重现。故选C项。【20题详解】根据后句“Andthensimplystaywithit.”(然后和沉默共处)，可知D项：Trytomoveforwardtoaplaceofpuresilence.(试着前进到一个纯粹安静的地方)与上文承接自然，其中“it”指代D项中“puresilence”，故选D。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mydadwasaseriousamateursailor.HeandhisfriendChuck___21___theNorthAmericanChampionship,sailingthebeautifulwoodenDragons.Oneyeartheywonthe___22___togototheOlympics.Daddidn’tbecome____23____overnight.Hehadtoworkathisskill.Asakid,thatfirstsummerhehadhisownsmallsailboat,he___24___inalltheracesinthebayandcameinlasteverytime.Attheendoftheseason,whenawardswerebeing____25____,somethinghappened.Anelderlylady,whohadwatchedDad'sslowbutsteady___26___,steppedoutofherhouse.Shegenerously___27___aprizemadeespeciallyforhim.“TheHopeCup,”shesaid.Nootherawardcouldmatchthepromiseofhope—aqualityfixedinmydadand____28____us.Asaparenthewasabettersailing___29___.HowwellIrememberhimtakingmeoutinourboat,thewindstill___30___,thewatersmoothinthemorninghours.“Wheredoyoufeelthewindcomingfrom?”heasked.“Lookattheflagsandthey’llshowthe___31___inwhichitisblowing.However,everygood____32____learnshowtofeelit.”"Now,”hesaid,“lookatthesail."Ifthesail____33____backandforth,Ineededtopullinit.Ifthewindwasbehindus,Iwastoletoutthesail.Sincethen,sailinghasbeen___34___tome.I’velearnedthatwecansail____35____aslongaswekeeptrackofthewind.21.A.lost B.gained C.challenged D.change22.A.opportunity B.game C.fame D.trust23.A.helpful B.cheerful C.successful D.wealthy24.A.existed B.competed C.majored D.succeeded25.A.givenout B.madeup C.sentaway D.takendown26.A.behavior B.smile C.gesture D.progress27.A.reached B.offered C.handed D.transformed28.A.leftbehind B.keptupwith C.passedonto D.putforwardto29.A.instructor B.player C.guard D.lifter30.A.quiet B.tight C.soft D.fierce31.A.time B.way C.strength D.direction32.A.swimmer B.sailor C.author D.learner33.A.turned B.floated C.shook D.fell34.A.impossible B.unbelievable C.valueless D.effortless35.A.smoothly B.happily C.wildly D.aimlessly【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.A26.D27.B28.C29.A30.C31.D32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者的爸爸是业余水手，获了很多奖，他教会了作者航海。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和他的朋友查克赢得了北美冠军，驾驶着美丽的木制龙。A.lost丢失；B.gained赢得；C.challenged挑战；D.change改变。由后文的“Championship”可知，他们赢得了冠军，故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一年，他们赢得了参加奥运会的机会。A.opportunity机会；B.game游戏；C.fame名声；D.trust信任。由“wonthe_____togototheOlympics”可知，他们赢得了参加奥运会的机会。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸不是一夜成名的。A.helpful有帮助的；B.cheerful欢快的；C.successful成功的；D.wealthy富有的。由第一段描述爸爸获奖及后文的“Hehadtoworkathisskill”可知，句子表示“爸爸不是一夜成名的”，故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小时候，在他拥有自己的小帆船的第一个夏天，他参加了海湾里所有的比赛，每次都是最后一名。A.existed存在；B.competed竞争；C.majored主修；D.succeeded成功。由后文的“alltheraces”可知，他是参加海湾里所有的比赛，competein意为“参加比赛”，故选B。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在赛季结束，颁奖的时候，发生了一些事情。A.givenout分发；B.madeup编造；C.sentaway发送；D.takendown记下。由“awardswerebeing”可知，奖是被颁发，故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位上了年纪的女士，看到过爸爸缓慢而稳定的进步，走出了自己的房子。A.behavior行为；B.smile微笑；C.gesture姿势；D.progress前进。由“slowbutsteady”及前面描述的爸爸参加很多比赛可知，句子表示“她看到了爸爸缓慢而稳定的进步”，故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她慷慨地提供了一个专门为他准备的奖品。A.reached到达；B.offered提供；C.handed交，递；D.transformed转换。由“aprize”可知，她是提供了一个专门为他准备的奖品，故选B。【28题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：没有其他奖项能与希望的承诺相媲美——这是我父亲身上固定下来并传递给我们的品质。A.leftbehind留下；B.keptupwith跟上；C.passedonto传递给；D.putforwardto提出。由“aqualityfixedinmydadand_____us”可知，爸爸的品质传递给我们，故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为家长，他是一个更好的航海导师。A.instructor导师；B.player玩家；C.guard守卫；D.lifter升降机。由后文的“Lookattheflagsandthey’llshowthe_____inwhichitisblowing”可知，爸爸教我们航海，因此是导师，故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我清楚地记得，他带我乘船出海，清晨的风依然温和，水面依然平静。A.quiet安静的；B.tight紧的；C.soft温和的；D.fierce激烈的。由后文的“thewatersmooth”可知，水面平静，说明风很温和，故选C。31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看这些旗子，它们会显示风的方向。A.time时间；B.way方法；C.strength体力；D.direction方向。由后文的“inwhichitisblowing”可知，它们会显示风的方向，故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，每一个优秀的水手都学习如何感受它。A.swimmer游泳者；B.sailor水手；C.author作者；D.learner学习者。由后文的“learnshowtofeelit”可知，句子表示“每一个优秀的水手都学习如何感受它”，故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果帆来回摇晃，我就需要把它收起来。A.turned转向；B.floated漂浮；C.shook摇晃；D.fell跌落。由“thesail_____backandforth”可知，帆是来回摇晃，故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，航海对我来说就毫不费力了。A.impossible不可能的；B.unbelievable难以置信的；C.valueless无价值的；D.effortless不费力的。由后文的“I’velearnedthatwecansail_____aslongaswekeeptrackofthewind”可知，航海对我来说就毫不费力了，故选D。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我明白了，只要我们跟踪风向，就能顺利航行。A.smoothly平稳地；B.happily高兴地；C.wildly失控地；D.aimlessly漫无目的地。由后文的“aslongaswekeeptrackofthewind”可知，句子表示“只要我们跟踪风向，就能顺利航行”，故选A。第二节(共10小题；每小