考研英语作文写作资料汇总

英文写作中常用的逻辑词汇

1.并列关系

and,furthermore,morethanthat,also,likewise,moreover,inaddition,whatismore,fbrinstance,forexample

2.转折关系

although,however,onthecontrary,but,inspiteof,nevertheless,yet,otherwise,despite

3.顺序关系

first,second,third,andsoon,then,after,before,next

4.因果关系

asaresult,for,thus,because,fbrthisreason,so,therefore,as,since,consequently,onaccountof

5.归纳关系

asaresult,finally,therefore,accordingly,inshort,thus,consequently,inconclusion,so,inbrief,inaword

几个用得比较多的句子：

AsfarasIamconcerned,theadvantagesof...outweighitsdisadvantages.Nevertheless,thedisadvantagesof...

isundeniable.

Tosumup/Ingeneral/Onthewhole/Inbrief?Inshort/Inaword,itistruethat...bringaboutbothpositiveand

negativeresults.Butwecantryourbesttoreducethenegativeinfluencetotheleastextent.

Obviously,ineveryaspect,...

Thisdiagramunfoldsaclearcomparisonbetween...and...

Astotheotherthree,thoughthegrowthrateswerenotsohigh,theywereindeedremarkableandimpressive.

英文作文中常用套句

下文中出现的A,B,中(某事物),"sb"(somebody),

要在写作中要根据上下文进行适当替换.

开头：

Whenitcomestosomethink...

Thereisapublicdebatetodaythat...

Aisacommenwayof…，butisitawiseone?

Recentalytheproblemhasbeenbroughtintofocus.

提出观点：

Nowthereisagrowingawarenessthat...

Itistimeweexplorethetruthof...

Nowhereinhistoryhastheissuebeenmorevisible.

进一步提出观点：

...butthatisonlypartofthehistory.

Anotherequallyimportantaspectis...

Aisbutoneofthemanyeffects.Anotheris...

Besides,otherreasonsare...

提出假想例子的方式：

Supposethat...

Justimaginewhatwouldbelikeif...

Itisreasonabletoexpect...

Itisnotsurprisingthat...

举普通例子：

Forexample(instance),...

...suchasA,B,Candsoon(soforth)

Agoodcaseinpointis...

Aparticularexampleforthisis...

引用：

Oneofthegreatestearlywriterssaid...

nKnowledgeispower",suchistheremardof...

”.....Thatishowsbcomment(criticize/praise...).

”.....Howoftenwehearsuchwordslikethere.

讲故事

(先说故事主体),thisstoryisnotrare.

suchdelimmaweoftenmeetindailylife.

thestorystillhasarealisticsignificance.

提出原因：

Therearemanyreasonsfor...

Why....,foronething,...

Theanswertothisprobleminvolvesmanyfactors.

Anydiscussionaboutthisproblemwouldinevitablyinvolves...

Thefirstreasoncanbeobiviouslyseen.

Mostpeoplewouldagreethat...

Somepeoplemayneglectthatinfact...

Otherssuggestthat...

Partoftheexplanationis...

进行对比：

TheadvantagesforAforoutweighthedisadvantagesof...

AlthoughAenjoysadistinctadvantage...

Indeed,AcarriesmuchweightthanBwhensthisconcerned.

Amaybe...,butitsuffersfromthedisadvantagethat...

承上启下：

Tounderstandthetruthof...,itisalsoimportanttosee...

Astudyof...willmakethispointclear

让步：

Certainly,Bhasitsownadvantages,suchas...

IdonotdenythatAhasitsownmerits.

结尾：

>Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydraw

theconclusionthat...

Insummary,itiswiser...

Inshort...

在作文中引用合适的名言警句，会给你的文章增色许多。这里收集了我本人喜爱的一些名言，可能会对你有

用。我们使用引用的位置可以在开头结尾或正文段落中，

常见的使用形式如下：

Oneofthegreatestearlywriterssaid...

"Knowledgeispower11,suchistheremardof...

”.....Thatishowsbcomment(criticize/praise...).

”.....Howoftenwehearsuchwordslikethere.

Usefulquotations

逆境

byRobertCollier

Ineveryadversitythereliestheseedofanequivalentadvantage.Ineverydefeatthereisalessonshowingyou

howtowinthevictorynexttime.

努力与成功

byAnnLanders

Opportunitiesareusuallydisguisedashardwork,somostpeopledon*trecognizethem.

坚持

byRalphWaldoEmerson

Noonecancheatyououtofultimatesuccessbutyourselves.

Confucius孔子

Ourgreatestgloryisnotinneverfalling...

butinrisingeverytimewefall.

坚持

MotherTeresa

Tokeepalampburningwehavetokeepputtingoilinit.

HenryFord

Nothingisparticularlyhardifyoudivideitinuosmalljobs.

WinstonChurchill

Never,never,never,nevergiveup.

AlbertEinstein

Inuhemiddleofdifficultyliesopportunity.

努力与成功

byCrassus

Thosewhoaimatgreatdeedsmustsuffergreatly.

ThomasEdison

Thereisnosubstitutefbrhardwork.

LeoTolstoi

Thestrongestofallwarriorsarethesetwo-TimeandPatience.

ThomasJefferson

I'magreatbelieverinluck,

andIfindtheharderIwork...

themoreIhaveofit.

RobertCollier

Successisthesumofsmallefforts,repeateddayinanddayout.

RayA.Croc

Luckisadividendofsweat.Themoreyousweat,theluckieryouget.

实际经验与间接经验

You*lllearnmoreaboutaroadbytravelingit...

thanbyconsultingallthemapsintheworld.

动机与结果

VinceLombardi

Winningisn'teverything...

butwantingtowinis.

JohnF.Kennedy

Wechoosetogo!tothemoonandotherthings,ootbecausetheyareeasy,butbecausetheyarehard.

Thucydides

Thestrongdowhattheywill.

Theweakdowhattheymust.

为人态度：

JohnWooden

TalentisGodgiven-BeHumble.

Fameismangiven-BeThankful.

Conceitisselfgiven-BeCareful.

行动：

TheodoreRoosevelt

Dowhatyoucan,withwhatyouhave,withwhereyouare.

PubliliusSyrusMaxim

Nooneknowswhathecandotillhetries.

Terence

Thereisnothingsoeasybutthatitbecomesdifficultwhenyoudoitreluctantly.

ThomasFuller

Awisemanturnschanceintogoodfortune.

WilliamHazlitt

Prosperityisagreatteacher;

adversityisagreater.

WilliamPenn

Nopains,nopalm;

nothorns,nothrone;

nogall,noglory;

nocross,nocrown.

WillRogers

Evenifyou'reontherighttrack,you'llgetrunover...ifyoujustsitthere.

Opportunityrarelyknocksonyourdoor.

Knockratheronopportunit/sdoorifyouardentlywishtoenter.

成功与失败

VinceLombardi

It'snotwhetheryougetknockeddown.

…It'swhetheryougetupagain.

WinstonChurchill

Anoptimistseesanopportunityineverycalamity;

apessimistseesacalamityineveryopportunity.

热情（年轻/年老）

RalphWaldoEmerson

Nothinggreatwaseverachievedwithoutenthusiasm.

信心

JamesAllen

Thewilltodospringsfromtheknowledgethatwecando.

SamuelJohnson

Fewthingsareimpossibletodiligenceandskill.

Aughey

Losttimeisneverfoundagain.

Voltaire

Noproblemcanstandtheassaultofsustainedthinking.

Napoleon

Victorybelongstothemostpersevering.

细心

Euipides

Leavenostoneunturned.

计划与工作

NormanVincentPeale

Planyourworkfortodayandeveryday;

thenworkyourplan.

HenryFord

Failureisonlytheopportunitytomoreintelligentlybeginagain.

ThomasEdison

Istartwherethelastmanleftoff.

理想与现实

Whatthemindofmancanconceiveandbelieve,

themindofamancanachieve.

勤奋

BenjaminFranklin

Ploughdeepwhilesluggardssleep.

目标

HenryDavidThoreau

Inthelonerunmenhitonlywhattheyaimat.

幸运

EmilyDickinson

Luckisnotchance...

It'stoil...

Fortune'sexpensivesmileisearned.

勤奋

ThomasEdison

Geniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration.

UsefulQuotations

想象力

AlbertEinstein

Imaginationismoreimportantthanknowledge.

挑战：

WalterBegehot

Thegreatpleasureinlifeisdoingwhatpeoplesayyoucannotdo.

机会与准备

AbrahamLincoln

Iwillprepareandsomedaymychancewillcome.

信心与事实

HenryFord

Whetheryouthinkyoucanorthinkyoucan*t—youareright.

EnglishProverb

Wherethere'sawilltherefsaway.

Thereisnofailureexceptingnolongertrying.

Luckiswhathappenswhenpreparationmeetsopportunity.

能为四六级写作加分的精彩好句

一、用于驳性和比较性论文

1.Ingeneral,1don'tagreewith

2.Inmyopinion,thispointofviewdoesn'tholdwater.

3.Thechiefreasonwhy...isthat...

4.Thereisnotruethat...

5.Itisnottruethat...

6.Itcanbeeasilydeniedthan...

7.Wehavenoreasontobelievethat...

8.Whatismoreseriousisthat...

9.Butitispitythat...

10.Besides,weshouldnotneglectthat...

11.Buttheproblemisnotsosimple.Therefore...

12.Othersmayfindthistobetrue,butIbelieverthat...

13.PerhapsIwasquestionwhy...

14.Thereisacertainamountoftruthinthis,butwestillhaveaproblemwithregardto...

15.Thoughweareinbasicagreementwith...,but

16.WhatseemstobethetroubleisA

17.Yetdifferenceswillbefound,that'swhyIfeelthat...

18.Itwouldbereasonabletotaketheviewthatbutitwouldbefoolishtoclaimthat...

19.Thereisinfactonreasonforussobelievethat...

20.Whatthesepeoplefailtoconsideristhat...

21.Itisonethingtoinsistthat...,itisquiteanothertoshowthat...

22.WonderfulasAis,however,ithasitsowndisadvantagestoo.

23.TheadvantagesofBaremuchgreaterthanA.

24.A'sadvantagesoundsridiculouswhenB'sadvantagesaretakenintoconsideration.

二、用于描写图表和数据

1.Ithasincreasedbythreetimesascomparedwiththatof1998.

2.Thereisanincreaseof20%intotalthisyear.

3.Ithasbeenincreasedbyafactorof4since1995.

4.Itwouldbeexpectedtoincrease5times.

5.Thetableshowsathreetimesincreaseoverthatoflastyear.

6.Itwasdecreasedtwicethanthatoftheyear1996.

7.Thetotalnumberwasloweredby10%.

8.Itrosefrom10-15percentofthetotalthisyear.

9.Comparedwith1997,itfellfrom15to10percent.

10.Thenumberis5timesasmuchasthatof1995.

11.Ithasdecreasedalmosttwoandhalftimes,comparedwith...

三、用于解释性和阐述性论说文

1.Everybodyknowsthat...

2.Itcanbeeasilyprovedthat...

3.Itistruethat...

4.Noonecandenythat

5.Onethingwhichisequallyimportanttotheabovementionedis...

6.Thechiefreasonisthat...

7.Wemustrecognizethat...

8.Thereisondoubtthat...

9.Iamoftheopinionthat...

10.Thiscanbeexpressedasfollows;

11.Totake...fbranexample...

12.Wehavereasontobelievethat

13.Nowthatweknowthat...

14.Amongthemostconvincingreasonsgiven,oneshouldbementioned...

15.Thechangein...largelyresultsfromthefactthat

16.Thereareseveralcausesforthissignificantgrowthin...,firstsecondfinally...

17.Anumberoffactorscouldaccountforthedevelopmentin...

18.Perhapstheprimaryreasonis...

19.Itischieflyresponsibleof...

20.Thereasonsfor...arecomplicated,Andprobablytheyarefoundinthefact...

21.Hereareseveralpossiblereasons,excerptthat...

22.Somebodybelieves/argues/holds/insists/thinksthat...

23.Itisnotsimpletogivethereasonforthiscomplicatedphenomenon...

24.Differentpeopleobservesitindifferentways.

四、用于文章的开头

1.Astheproverbsays...

2.Itgoeswithoutsayingtan...

3.Generallyspeaking...

4.Itisquiteclearthanbecause...

5.Itisoftensaidthat...

6.Manypeopleoftenasksuchquestion:"...?”

7.Moreandmorepeoplehavecometorealize...

8.Thereisnodoubtthat...

9.Somepeoplebelievethat...

10.Thesedaysweareoftenoldthat,butisthisreallythecase?

11.Onegreatmansaidthat...

12.Recentlytheissueof...hasbeenbroughttopublicattention.

13.Inthepastseveralyearstherehasbeen...

14.Nowitiscommonlyheldthat...butIdoubtwhether...

15.Currentlythereisawidespreadconcernthat...

16.Nowpeopleingrowingnumberarecomingtorealizethat...

17.Thereisageneraldiscussiontodayabouttheissueof...

18.Facedwith...,quiteafewpeoplearguethat...,butotherpeopleconceivedifferently.

五、用于文章的结尾

1.fromthispointofview...

2.inaword...

3.inconclusion...

4.onaccountofthiswecanfindthat...

5.theresultisdependenton...

6.therefore,thesefindingsrevealthefollowinginfbnnation:

7.thus,thisisthereasonwhywemust...

8.tosumup...

9.asfaras...beconcerned,Ibelievethat...

10.Itisobviousthat...

11.Thereislittledoubtthat...

12.Thereisnoimmediatesolutiontotheproblemof...,but...mightbehelpful

13.Noneofthesolutionsisquitesatisfactory.Theproblemshouldbeexaminedinanewway.

14.Itishightimethatweputconsiderableemphasison...

15.Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemaysafelyreachtheconclusionthat...

六、用于论证和说明

1.Asitisdescribedthat...

2.Ithasbeenillustratedthat...

3.Itprovidesagoodexampleof...

4.Wemayciteanotherinstanceof...

5.Historymanprovidesuswiththeexamplesof...

6.Anumberoffurtherfactsmaybeadded...

7.Thesituationisnotunique,itistypicalofdozensIhaveheard.

8.Arecentinvestigationindicatethat...

9.Accordingtothestatisticsprovided...

10.Accordingtoalateststudy,itcanbepredicted...

11.Thereisnosufficientevidencetoshowthat...

12.Allavailableevidencepointstothefactthat...

13.Examplesgivenleadsmetoconcludethat...

14.Itrevealstheunquestionablefactthat...

15.Theideamaybeprovedbyfacts...

16.Allthefactssuggestthat...

17.Noonecandenythefactthat...

18.Wemayfacetheundeniablefactthat...

•表示比较和对照关系的句型：

1)AistoBwhat/asCistoD(A之于B犹如C之于D).

2)Justas...,so...

3)AandBhavesthincommon.

4)AissimilartoB.

5)Thesameistrueof,Thesamecanbesaidof(....也是如此).

6)TheadvantagesofAaremuchgreaterthanB.

7)comparedwithB,Ahasmanyadvantages.

8)Theadvantagesoutweighthedisadvantages(利大于弊).

9)WonderfulasAis,however,ithasitsowndisadvantagestoo.

10)AlthoughAenjoysconsiderableadvantageover...,itcannotcompetewithBin...

11)Contrarytowidelyacceptedviews,Ibelievethat...

12)Whatpeoplefailtoconsideristhat...

13)Itisonethingtoinsistthat...,itisquiteanothertoshowthat...

14)Nothingcanrival...(....是无与伦比的)

15)...hasdrawbacksaswellasmerits.

16)Aissuperior(inferior)toB.

17)...variesfrompersontoperson(....是因人而异的)

18)Aisjusttheopposite(toB)

19)AdiffersfromBinthat...(A不同于B在于..)

20)...isnotthesame(as)

・过渡性句型：

1)thisistruethat...

2)Thisistrue,nodoubt,but...

3)...also...

4)Itisonethingto...;itisanotherto...

•描写图表和数据的句型

1)...rankfirst(both)in...

2)...inproportionto...

3)Aisbyfarthelargest...

4)Asmanyas....

5)Thenumberis...timesasmuchasthatof...

6)Thefigurehasnearlydoubled/tripled,asagainstthatoflastyear.

7)Itaccountsfor35%of...

8)Bycomparisonwithitdecreased/increased/fellfrom...to...

9)...riserapidly(slowly)

10)...remainlevel...

11)...reach...

12)Thereisaslight/slow/steady/rapidrise/increase

demand./income./population./prices./production./decrease/decline/reduction/fall/dropin

13)beontheincrease/decrease/rise/decline(.......在不断的增加，减少，上升，下降)

•图表作文中的过渡、概括句型：

1)Ascanbeindicatedinthetable,...

2)Aswecouldfindoutlater,...

3)Asisrevealedinthetable,...

4)Asthesurveyresultsshow,...

5)Thistableprovidesseveralimportantpointsofcomparison

between,...

6)Thetwographsdepictthesamethingin...

7)Thekeyfindingstakenfromthesurveysareasfollows:

8)Accordingtothefiguresgiveninthetable,...

9)Thischartshowsthat...

10)Asisshownbythegraph,...

11)Itcanbeseenfromthestatisticsthat...

12)Itisgenerallybelieved/accepted/thought/held...

•说明原因的句型：

1)Therearesome/two/manygoodreasonsfor.../todo...

2)Wehavetwogoodreasonsfor...

3)Thereasonfor...isthat+从句

4)Amongthemostconvincingreasonsgivenbypeoplefor...,oneshouldbementioned...

5)Onemaythinkofthetrendasaresultof...

6)Thechangein...largelyresultsfromthefactthat...

7)Thereareseveralcausesforthissignificantgrowthin...irst...

8)Anumberoffactorscouldaccountforthe....

9)Itisnosimpletasktogivethereasonfor...

10)Thecauseof/reasonforhigherpriceswasanincreaseindemand.

11)Because/As/Nowthat/Sincethedemandhasincreased,thepricesarehigher.

12)Anincreaseindemandcauses/resultsin/leadsto/produceshigherprices.

13)Thedemandhasincreased.

14)Therefore,/Asaresult,/Forthisreason,/Becauseofthis,/Consequently,thepricesarehigher.

15)Ifthereisanincreaseindemand,thenpricesrise./goup./boost./arehigher.

16)Differentpeoplelookat...indifferentways...

•表示不同看法的句型：

1)Differentpeoplehave/holddifferentopinions/viewsonthequestion/problem/matter.Somebelievethat

Othersarguethat...:Stillothersmaintainthat

2)Theyarequitedifferentfromeachotherintheiropinions.

3)Somepeopleholdtheopinionthatitisgoodto....

4)Theythinkquitedifferentlyonthisquestion.

5)Opinionsvaryfromindividualtoindividual,fromculturetoculture.

•表示必须，紧急，有困难做某事的句型：

1)Itisimportant(necessary,urgent,difficult,easy,convenient,comfortable,expensive,desirable,advisable)for

sb.todosth.

2)...havetrouble/difficulty/ahardtime/adifficulttime(in)doingsth.(有困难做某事)

英语写作20字诀

Agreement:主语和谓语在人称、数上的一致,关系代词与先行词的一致。

Ambiguity:尽量不去使用可能引起歧义的词语或句子。

Brief:文章"简为贵"，要抓住要点，简明扼要。

Coherence:文理通顺，前后连贯。

Development:主题的发挥应当充分、合理、正确。

Division:词汇、句子、段落要分配使用得当，划分要清楚，避免使用重复字句和种子片段。

Figures:正确合理使用各类修辞格式。

Inflateddiction:不使用做作的语言。

Key:用适当的关键词突出主题,每段都应有主题句。

Logical:内容要符合逻辑。

Message:信息要新鲜、确实、可信。

Omit:合理删除多余的不必要部分。

Proposition:主张、观点、论述要清楚肯切、合情入理。

Punctuation:正确适时使用标点符号。

Relevant:文章一定要要题。

Sentencepattern:句型要尽量多样化。

Strait:开门见山，直来直去。

Style:文体恰切，适合内容要求。

Tense:动词时态要正确、一致、变化合理。

Theme:选题得当，主题突出。

1.开门见山，揭示主题

文章一开头,，就交待清楚文章的主题是什么。如“HowISpentMyVacation”（我怎样度假）的开头是：

ISpentmylastvacationhappily.

下面是题为“Honesty”（谈诚实）一文中的开头:

Honestyisoneofthebestvirtues.Anhonestmanisalwaystrustedandrespected.Onthecontrary,onewhotells

liesisregardedasa"liar”,andislookeduponbyhonestpeople.

2.交代人物、事情、时间或环境开头

在文章的开头，先把人物、事件和环境交待清楚。例如"ATriptoJinshan”（去金山旅游）的开头：

ThedaybeforeyesterdaymyclasswentonabustriptoJinshan.Thebusridetheretookthreehours.Thelongtrip

madeusverytired,butthesightofthebeautifulsearefreshedus.

3.回忆性的开头

用回忆的方法来开头。例如"ATriptotheTaishanMountain”（泰山游）的开头是：

IremembermyfirsttriptotheTaishanMountainasifitwereyesterday.

4.概括性的开头

即对要在文章中叙述的人或事先作一个概括性的介绍。如“TheHappinessofReadingBooks”（读书的快乐）的

开头：

Peopleoftensaythatgoldandsilverarethemostvaluablethingsintheworld.ButIsaythattoreadbooksismore

valuablethananythingelse,becausebooksgiveusknowledgeandknowledgegivesuspower.

5.介绍环境式的开头

即开头利用自然景物或自然环境引出要介绍的事物。如“AnAccident^一场事故）的开头是：

Itwasarainyandwindymorning.Theskywasgloomy,thetemperaturewaslow,andthestreetwasnearlyempty.

Iwasonmywaybacktoschool.Suddenly,aspeedingcarcameroundthecomer.

6.交待写作目的的开头。

在文章的一开头就交待写作目的，如通过文章要表扬谁,批评谁，或说明一个什么问题等。如"Pollution

Control"（控制污染）的开头：

InthisarticleIshalldrawyourattentiontothesubjectofpollutioncontrol.

英语作文的文章的正文

文章的正文是由若干段落组成的，段落通常由几个或者更多的句子组成,有时候一个句子也能成段。

文章的正文应以文章的开头为线索，具体地叙述、说明或论证文章的主题。文章不论长短，每个段落都必须

为主题服务。像说明文和议论文这一类的文章，一个主题还常分成几个小主题，每个小主题要用一个段落处

理，另起一段时，应是一层新的意思。每一段的开头,要放一个表示段落小主题的主题句，这样可使文章条理化,

易于阅读,便于读者抓住主题。段内的所有句子应围绕主题句的意义加以阐述或论证，为中心思想服务。句

子之间应衔结自然，有条不紊，而且还要合乎逻辑，段落中不能出现任何与主题无关的句子;英语写作比较重

视主题句的作用，缺少它段落意义就会含糊不清。主题句也可放在段落的中间和末尾等部位，但对初学者来

说，以放在段首为好。见下列这篇题为“HowtoBeaGoodStudent"（怎样做个好学生）的文章：

Westudentsarcthebuildersandmastersofthecountry.Itisimportantforustoknowhowtobeagoodstudent.

Agoodstudent,Ithink,shouldbediligentinhisstudies.Themorehestudies,themorehewillincreasehis

knowledge.Withoutenoughknowledge,wecannotmakegreatcontributionstothemodernizationofourcountry.

Totakecareofone'sownbodyisanotherimportantthingforgoodstudenttodo.Anyone,whohasn'tgotastrong

body,candonothingforhiscountry,evenifhehasmuchknowledge.Therewasaman,who,whenhewas

student,studiedhardbutneglectedhishealth.Nosoonerdidhecometoservethecountrythanhediedofpoor

health.Fromthiswemayseethattohaveastrongbodyisreallyveryimportantfbrastudent.

Lastly,tocultivateone'sownvirtueismostimportant.Virtueistheessence

ofanobleandgoodcharacter.Itwillgreatlyhelponetobeusefulandhiscountryheartandsoul.Whenlearned

peoplegoastray,theydomoreharmthangoodtosociety.Weshoulddrawlessonsfromthis.

这篇文章的第一段引出了文章的主题,第二、第三和第四段则是文章的正文，每一段的第一句即是段落的主

题句，它们既支持了文章中心的观点和思想，同时又概括了全段的意思。在同一段落中,其余的句子都围绕主

题句所表示的中心展开，同时句子间的衔结也很自然;各层的意思都很连贯。

分段是文章组织上重要的一步,但如果写的题目范围很小，那就无须再将题目分成小的主题，并分入各个段落

去阐述了。像一篇简短的评论;某一事情的简短记载，某一个想法的说明，对一个人物或一件事情的简要叙述

或说明等,就可以只用一个段落来表现主题。

在记叙文中，段的结构有时可以很简单，不需要有主题句,叙事一气呵成，中途没有停顿。段与段之所以分开,

只是为了起修辞作用，以便把某一细节置于显著的地位。

某些测试用的表达题，在题目中就已经说明只需要根据。所给的提示写一个段落，而不是一篇文章。对于这

一类的写作试题，就可以予以简洁的处理，并不是非要扩充成一篇有头有尾的完整文章。

下面这篇题为“WeekendHomework”（谈周末作业）的短文，就是用一个段落来论述问题和表达观点的。

UsallySaturdaynightisthetimeforstudentstogetbacktotheirdesksanddotheirweekendhomework.Six

schooldaysareenoughforthestudentswhohavemanyotherinterests.Ithinkweekendhomeworkshouldnotbe

given.WithhomeworkarrangedforSaturdaynightandthewholeofSunday,whencanhefindtimetohelp

aroundthehouse,playagameoffootballorseeagoodfilm,orjustrelax?Infactweekendhomeworkisusually

putoffuntilSundaynight.Asaresultourhomeworkisdoneverypoorlyandweachivenoresults.Iftherewere

nohomeworkonweekends,studentswouldgotoschoolonMondaywellrested,willingtowork.Teachers,don*t

youagree?

英语作文的文章的结尾

文章结尾的作用是概括全文内容,进一步强调或肯定文章的中心思想，使文章意义表达得更加深刻。

文章结尾的形式也是多种多样的,常见的有以下几种：

1.首尾呼应，画龙点睛

在文章的结尾，把含义较深的话放在末尾，以点明主题，深化主题，起到画龙点睛的效果。如"1CannotForget

Her"（我忘不了她）的结尾：

Afterherdeath,Ifeltasifsomethingweremissinginmylife.Iwassadoverherpassingaway,butIknewshe

wouldnothavehadanyregretsathavinggivenherlifefbrthebenefitofthepeople.

2.重复主题句

结尾回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上，达到强调的效果。如“ILoveMyHomeTown”（我爱家乡）的结

尾：

Ilovemyhometown,andIloveitspeople.Theytoohavechanged.Theyaregoingallouttodomorefbrthe

goodofourmotherland.

3.自然结尾

随着文章的结束，文章自然而然地结尾。如“Fishing”（钓鱼）的结尾：

Icaughtasmanyastwentyfishintwohours,butmybrothercaughtmanymore.Tiredfromfishing,welaydown

ontheriverbank,bathinginthesun.Wereturnedhomeverylate.

4.含蓄性的结尾

用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接点明作者的看法，而是让读者自己去领会和思考。如“ADayofHarvesting”（收割

的日子）的结尾:Eveningcamebeforewerealizedit.Weputdownoursicklesandlookedateachother.Our

clotheswerewetwithsweat,butoneveryfacetherewasasmile.

5.用反问结尾

虽然形式是问句，但意义却是肯定的，并具有特别的强调作用，引起读者深思。如“ShouldWeLearntoDo

Housework?”俄们要不要学做家务?）的结尾。

Everyoneshouldlearntodohousework.Don'tyouagree,boysandgirls?

6.指明方向，激励读者

结尾表示对将来的展望，或期待读者投入行动。如"Let'sGoinforSports"（让我们参加体育运动）的结尾：

Aswehavesaidabove,sportscanbeofgreatvalue.Theynotonlymakepeoplelivehappilybutalsohelppeople

tolearnvirtuesanddotheirworkbettter.Asoundmindisinasoundbody.Let'sgoinfbrsports.

怎样写好英语句子

下面我们以考生的实际作文来进行一下分析。

1）Someoneconsiderthatfreshwaterwillnottouchit'send.（96年1月,2分）

2）Oneman'slifelackofmoney,hewillimpossibletoliveon.（95年1月,5分）

3）Asisknow,thattherearemuchfakecommoditiesintoday'ssociety.（97年12月,6分）

这里引述的例句与考生通篇作文的写作水平是一致的，其中5、6分的例句具有典型性，代表了近乎中等水

平考生的写作水平。从这些例句中不难看出，中等水平的考生，事实上也包括中上等水平的考生，在写作上存

在的主要问题是表达思想不清楚。

表达思想不清楚的主要原因是考生作文中严重汉化的英语，即中式英语，比如："mancanlivehappiness",

"Manisiron,andfoodissteel.","Womenarehalfsidesky.\此外，语言错误的普遍性和严重性十分惊人，比如,

主谓不一致，名词单复数不分，动词时态语态滥用，常用词拼写错误比比皆是。这些严重地影响了思想的表

达。考试实践表明，多数考生在写作上的主要欠缺不是系统的写作理论和方法，而是最基本的单句写作能力。

文章无论长短，都是由句子组成的，句子是表达思想的最基本的单位。因此，句子是否能写得正确、达意和

清楚,将直接影响整篇文章的写作质量。大学英语四、六级考试和研究生入学英语考试的实践都表明，考生

写作成绩长期得不到明显提高的主要原因是欠缺写好单句的能力。

为改变这种状况,我们将从剖析考生作文中的典型病句入手，对写作测试中的基本句子结构和写法进行评

议和分析，来帮助考生进一步提高句子写作能力。

否定结构除了在助动词、情态动词,be和have后面加not之外,还有许多不含not的否定结构。若能正确

使用他们，文章会显得生动活泼,增加写作的闪光点。下面我们就来看看：

1.含有否定意义的词汇和短语

以下列举的词和词组本身就具有否定的含义,因此无需用否定词。

介词against,beyond,but,except,without,...

形容词和动词absent,deny,differ,different,fail,free,ignore,miss,refuse,thelast,usedto,

reluctant,lack,want,...

短语keep...from,protect...from,prevent...from,letalone,ataloss,invain,insteadof,out

ofthequestion,ratherthan,too...to,bynomeans,anythingbut,...

我们看以下例句：

1)Womenfailtogettheequalrightsinsomecountries.

在一些国家里妇女没有得到平等的权利。

2)Thisisbynomeansthebestwaytosolvetheproblemofenergycrisis.

这不是解决能源危机的最好的办法。

3)Weshouldprotecttreesfrombeingdestroyed.

我们应保护树木，不让它们受破坏。

4)InoldChinawecouldnotmakeanail,letalone(make)machines.

在旧中国,我们连••个钉子都造不了，更不用说制造机器了。

2.含有半否定意义的词语

barely,hardly,few,little,rarely,scarcely,seldom,notall,noteveryone,noteverything,...具

有半否定的意义。例句：

1)Wecouldhardlyseeanyfreshvegetablesinwinteronmarketseveralyearsago.

几年前在冬天市场上很难见到新鲜蔬菜。

2)Theseyoungpeopleknowlittleabouthowtochoosegoodbookstoread.

这些年轻人几乎不知道如何挑选优秀的书籍来读。

3.不含否定意义的否定结构

有些词和词组形式上是否定结构，但其含义是肯定的，比如:cannotbut,canthelp,

nosooner...than,not...until,innotime,noneotherthan,nothingbut,等等。例句：

1)Wecan'tbutfacethereality.

我们只有面对现实。

2)Theseoldbuildingswillbereplacedbymodernapartmentbuildingsinnotime.

这些旧建筑将很快为现代化的公寓所代替。

4.否定结构的倒装语序

我们有口寸为了强调而把否定词和词组放在句首，这时句子结构应倒装。例如：

1)Onnoaccountshouldwefollowblindly.我们决不应当盲从。

2)Nowherehastheworldeverseensuchgreatenthusiasmforlearningasinour

country.没有任何其他地方有我国这样高的学习热情。

五、含有让的结构

考生病句：

1.Asisknowntoallofusthatscienceandtechnologyplayanimportantroleinthe

developmentofsociety.

2.Itisknowntous,practicemakesperfect.

正确表达：

1.Itisknowntoallofusthatscienceandtechnologyplayanimportantroleinthe

developmentofsociety.(或:Asisknowntoallofus,science...)

2.Itisknowntousthatpracticemakesperfect.(或:Asisknowntous,practice...)

评议与分析：

例句1是93年12月六级考试11分作文的评分样卷句子，例句2选自97年1月四级考试作文。很显然,

两个考生混淆了it和as的用法。如果用it作形式主语，后面的主语从句必须由that引起;如果用as,则后面

不能用that,因为as是关系代词，代表practicemakesperfect0

It在英语中是个相当活跃的代词,在写作中我们常要使用它。以下几种用法应熟练掌握，并能灵活运用。

1.作形式主语

Itisnecessaryfbrustomasteraforeignlanguageskillfully.Itmakesdifferencewhether

wecouldpurify