-新教材高中英语UNIT2Outofthisworld泛读技能初养成学案译林版选择必修性必修第三册

PAGEPAGE5UNIT2Outofthisworld阅读“Extendedreading”中的材料，选出最佳选项1．Whydohumanscontinuetoexplorespace?A．Becauseweneedmorespacetoexist.B．Becauseitisinournaturetoexplore.C．Becauseitcanenhancethequalityofourlife.D．BecauseStephenHawkinginspiredustoexplore.2．WhichisNOTthebenefitofinvestmentofspaceexploration?A．Toprovideinspirationforthenextgeneration.B．Tobringgreateconomicvalue.C．Toprovidemorejobs.D．Toreceivemoremediacoverage.[答案]1—2BDWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知识要点1)foundationn．基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会(教材P21)howitlaidthefoundationforfutureexploration它如何为未来的勘探奠定基础[例]Respectandfriendshipprovideasolidfoundationformarriage.尊重和友爱是婚姻的牢固基础。[知识拓展](1)laythefoundationfor 为……打下基础laythefoundationof... 奠定……的基础(2)foundvt. 建立；创办[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Whatwearelearningatschoolwilllaythefoundationforthefuture.②Thecriticismsarefounded(found)onfactsaswellasontheconvincingevidence.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点2)frequencyn．发生率，出现率；频繁；频率(教材P26)Shockabsorbersoriginallyappliedtothespaceshuttlelaunchhavealsobeensetupinthecitieswithahighfrequencyofearthquakesinordertoprotectbuildingsandsavelives.最初应用到航天飞机发射中的减震器也已安装在地震频发的城市里，以便保护建筑和挽救生命。[例]Objectslikethisturnupatsaleswithsurprisingfrequency.这样的东西在拍卖会上出人意料地频繁出现。[知识拓展]frequentadj. 时常发生的；频繁的；常见的frequentlyadv. 频繁地；习惯地；经常地[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Hegoestothemarkettobuyvegetablesfrequently(frequent)．②Hisfrequenthesitations(他时常犹豫不决)annoyedtheaudience.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点3)motiven．原因，动机，目的(教材P26)Thisshouldbeastrongmotiveforcontinuingtoexplorespace.这应该是继续探索太空的强烈动机。[例]Thereseemedtobenomotiveforthemurder.这起谋杀案看不出有什么动机。[知识拓展](1)motivatevt. 激发；鼓励motivatesb.todosth. 激发某人做某事(2)motivationn. 动机；动力(3)motivatorn. 激发因素[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Theplanisdesignedtomotivateemployeestowork(work)moreefficiently.②Themotivations(motivation)areonlyoneclassofdeterminationsofbehavior.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点4)assistantn．助理；售货员；助教adj.副的(教材P26)Therearemanysupportstaffontheground，suchasengineers，mechanicsandresearchassistants.现场有许多辅助角色，如工程师、机械师和研究助理。[例]Myjobissomewherebetweenasecretaryandapersonalassistant.我的工作介于秘书和私人助理之间。[知识拓展](1)assistvt.&vi. assistsb.withsth.＝assistsb.todosth.＝assistsb.in(doing)sth. 帮助某人(做)某事(2)assistancen. 援助；帮助cometosb.'sassistance 帮助某人[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Agooddictionarywillassistyoutounderstand(understand)English.②Hedidmuchtoassisthisclassmateinpreparing(prepare)thespeech.③Thecompanyprovidesadviceandassistance(assist)infindingwork.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点5)sheltern．居所，住处；庇护vt.保护，掩蔽vi.躲避(教材P27)Weshouldfindpermanentshelterthatofferslong­termprotectionfromradiation.我们应该找到永久的庇护所，提供长期的辐射防护。[例]Thefoxwasrunningfortheshelterofthetrees.狐狸朝树丛跑，想要躲藏起来。[知识拓展](1)seek/takeshelterfrom... 躲避……givesb.shelter 庇护某人(2)sheltersb./sth.from 庇护某人/某物免受……[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Theoldtempleshelteredthetrampsfrombadweather.②Peopleweredesperatelyseekingshelterfromthegunfire(找地方躲避炮火)．SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重点句式1)Itis/was...that强调句(教材P25－26)ItisthroughourresearchintospacethatwehaveconfirmedthattheEarthisroundandthatitorbitstheSun.正是通过我们对太空的研究，我们确认了地球是圆的，而且它绕太阳运转。句式分析：本句是一个强调句，强调状语throughourresearchintospace。[例]ItwasinMaythatyoucanseethiskindofflower.你在五月可以看到这种花。[知识拓展](1)强调结构的陈述句式为“Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that(who)...”。该结构可用于强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语动词。该句式中用that或who的区别是：当被强调的指人时，用that或who均可；当被强调的不是指人时，则只能用that(注意不用which)。(2)一般疑问句的强调结构就是将be提到句首，即“Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that/who...”。特殊疑问句的强调结构句型为“疑问词(Who/What/When/Where/Why/How)＋is/wasitthat...”。[即学即练]——单句语法填空①ItwasIwho/thatsawTomintheparkthismorning.②Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisrightthatisofimportance.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式2)make复合结构(教材P26)Withtechnologiesfirstresearchedanddevelopedforspaceexploration，wecansolvesomeofthebigproblemsfacingmankind，makingourlivessaferandeasier.随着空间探索技术的首次研究和发展，我们可以解决人类面临的一些大问题，使我们的生活更加安全和容易。句式分析：本句中makingourlivessaferandeasier是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构；本句用形容词比较级作宾补。[例1]Thenewsmadehimveryhappy.这消息使得他非常高兴。[例2]Internetmakesourlifeeasyandconvenient.因特网使我们的生活更加轻松方便。[知识拓展]在“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构中除了形容词可以作宾语补足语外，不定式、过去分词、介词短语、名词或名词短语都可以作宾语补足语。[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Hetriestomakehisideasknown(know)．②Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesistercry，todayhewasmadetocry(cry)byhislittlesister.③Ourteacheroftenmakesusdosomeextrahomework(让我们做一些额外作业)．④Thegoodnewshetoldusmadeusveryhappy(使我们很高兴)．语意转换类语意转换类阅读理解属于细节理解类的范畴，那么我们如何做语意转换类题目呢？[例文]Tofigureouthowquickytreesweregrowing，researcherstrackedtheirdiameters(thewidthoftheirtrunks)between2005and2014.Atree'sdiameterincreasesasitgrows，justasaperson'swaistsizeincreasesastheygainweight.Theresearchhasshownabouthalftheweightofatreeiscarbon，whilemostoftherestiswater.Overthenineyears'tracking，theresearchersfoundcitytreesabsorbedfourtimesasmuchcarbondioxidefromtheairasforesttrees.However，theyweretwiceaslikelytodie.Sooverthelifetimeofeachtypeoftree，foresttreesactuallyabsorbedmorecarbondioxide.◆Howdocitytreesdifferfromforesttreesofthesametypeoverthelifetimeintheresearch?A．Theycouldlivetwicelongerthanforesttrees.B．Theytookinlesscarbondioxidethanforesttrees.C．Theycouldabsorbmorecarbondioxidethanforesttrees.D．Theyweightedheavierthanforesttrees.[技巧点拨]语意转换类题目，需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，两者存在表述上的差异。解答这类题目时可带着问题，有针对性地扫读全文，迅速锁定相关语句，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。B[根据“However，theyweretwiceaslikelytodie.Sooverthelifetimeofeachtypeoftree，foresttreesactuallyabsorbedmorecarbondioxide.”可知，生长在森林中的树一生所吸收的二氧化碳量比生长在城市中的