英语新导学人教版必修四讲义unit1periodthree

PeriodThreeLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguageⅠ.Readthepassageandjudgewhetherthefollowingsentencesaretrue(T)orfalse(F)．1．LinQiaozhiwroteasmallbookforwomeninthecountrysideinanemergency.(T)2．LinQiaozhiwasinagenerationwhenboys’educationwasalwaysplacedsecondtogirls’，soshecouldgointomedicalschool.(F)3．ItwasLinQiaozhi’shardwork，determinationandluckthatgotherintomedicalschool.(F)4．LinQiaozhidevotedherwholelifetoherpatientsandchosetohaveafamilyofherown.(F)Ⅱ.Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．Thetextmainlytellsusthat.A．howthewriterchosehermajoratcollegeB．whatLinQiaozhididhelpedalotofpeoplewhoneededmedicalserviceC．LinQiaozhihadalotofgoodqualitiestobefamousD．whyLinQiaozhidecidedtostudymedicine答案B2．WhatisLinQiaozhi’ssmallbookabout?A．Itisabouthowtodecreasethedeathnumberofbabies.B．Itisabouthowtochooseasuitablesubject.C．Itisabouthowtocareformothers­to­be.D．Itisabouthowtolearnmedicinewell.答案A3．madeLinQiaozhifamous.A．HardworkanddeterminationB．GoodnatureC．HerdeliveringababyD．Herkindnessandconsiderationtoallherpatients答案D4．AfterreadingtheinformationaboutLinQiaozhi，thewriterdecidedtostudyatcollege.A．English B．biologyC．chemistry D．medicine答案D5．Fromthetextwecanknowthat.A．LinQiaozhinevergotmarriedB．intheearly20thcentury，womenhadthesamerightasmenineducationC．ifapoorfamilycouldn’tpayLinQiaozhi，shewouldn’tdeliverababyforthefamilyD．LinQiaozhiwasclevererthanherclassmatesandasaresult，shebecameaspecialist答案A一、词汇过关基础词汇1.audiencen．听众；观众2．raten．比率；速度3．intendvt.计划；打算4．emergencyn．突发事件；紧急情况5．generationn．一代；一辈6．delivervt.递送；接生；发表(演说等)7．modestadj.谦虚的；谦让的；适度的拓展词汇1.refervi.读到；查阅→referencen．参考2．sicknessn．疾病；恶心→sickadj.生病的3．determinationn．决心；果断→determinev．决定→determinedadj.有决心的；意志坚定的4．considerateadj.考虑周到的→considerationn．考虑；体谅→considervt.考虑；认为联想归纳构词法[规则]consider(v.考虑)eq\o(→,\s\up7(＋(a)tion))consideration(n.考虑；体谅)[联想](1)determination决心；果断(2)intention打算(3)pollution污染(4)attention注意(5)translation翻译[规则]v.＋on，表示“继续……”[联想](1)carryon继续；坚持(2)workon继续工作(3)goon继续下去；继续做(4)moveon继续移动二、短语互译汉译英1.lookdownupon/on 蔑视；瞧不起2.referto 查阅；参考；谈到3.bychance 碰巧；凑巧4.comeacross (偶然)遇见；碰见5.carryon 继续；坚持英译汉for 照看；照料from 免受secondto 次于on 后来’twaittodosth. 迫不及待去做某事三、重点句式教材原句1.Itseemedthatshehadbeenverybusyinherchosencareer，travellingabroadtostudyaswellaswritingbooksandarticles.林巧稚似乎一直都在为自己选择的事业而忙碌着，去国外留学，写书和写文章。分析解读Itseemedthat...“好像……”，it作形式主语，that从句作真正主语。仿写运用Itseemedthathehaddonesomethingwrong.他好像做了什么错事。教材原句ithitmehowdifficultitwasforawomantogetmedicaltrainingatthattime.突然我想起，在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难。分析解读it用作形式主语，指代主语从句。仿写运用IthitmethatIcouldmakeadifferenceinmycareer.我突然想到我可以在事业上有所作为。教材原句readingmademerealizethatitwashardworkanddeterminationaswellashergentlenaturethatgotherintomedicalschool.进一步阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。分析解读Itwas...that...为强调句型。仿写运用Itwasplayingcomputergamesthatruinedhishealth.玩电脑游戏毁了他的健康。教材原句wasstoryafterstoryofhowLinQiaozhi，tiredafteraday’swork，wentlateatnighttodeliverababyforapoorfamilywhocouldnotpayher.数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累一天之后，又在深夜去为贫苦家庭的产妇接生，而这些家庭常常是不可能给她报酬的。分析解读tired...为形容词(短语)作状语。仿写运用Thechildrencamebackhome，tiredandsleepy.孩子们回到家，又累又困。重点词汇1．Manypeoplelookdownuponpoorpeople.许多人瞧不起穷人。lookdownupon/on蔑视；瞧不起lookup向上看；查寻，查阅lookuptosb.尊敬某人；钦佩某人lookinto调查；审查lookthrough浏览；仔细查看lookon观看，旁观(1)WealllookuptothescientistTuYouyou.我们都非常崇拜科学家屠呦呦。(2)Passers­bysimplylookedonashewasattacked.他遭人袭击时，路人只在一边袖手旁观。(3)Bynomeansshouldwelookdownon/uponthosewhoarelessluckyinlifethanweare.我们决不应该瞧不起那些在生活上比我们不幸的人。(4)IoftenlookupthewordsIdon’tknowinthedictionaryorontheInternet.我经常在词典或者网上查阅我不认识的单词。(5)Itisreportedthatthepolicewillsoonlookintothecase.据报道，警察很快会调查这个事件。2．Ifthewordgroupreferstodifferentmembers，useapluralverb.如果“group”这个词指的是不同的成员，用复数动词。referto查阅；参考；说起，提到，谈到；涉及referto...as...把……称作……refer...to...将……送交给……(1)Ifyoudon’tknowtheword’smeaning，youcanrefertothedictionary.如果你不知道这个单词的意思，可以查词典。(2)Thewomanpromisedthatshewouldn’trefertothematteragain.这个女人答应以后不再提及这件事情了。(3)Youshouldreferthismattertoourteacherforadecision.你应该把这个问题交给我们的老师做决定。[单句改错](4)Areyoutheverypersoneq\f(referring,referred)toatthemeeting?3．BychanceIcameacrossanarticleaboutadoctorcalledLinQiaozhi，aspecialistinwomen’sdiseases.很偶然地，我看到了一篇关于林巧稚医生的文章，她是一名妇科专家。(1)bychance碰巧；凑巧byaccident碰巧onpurpose故意地，有意地bydesign故意地(2)comeacross(偶然)遇见comeout出版；开花comeabout发生comeup出现；被提出comeupwith提出；想出(1)Shehasamentaltoughnessthatdidnotcomeaboutbychance.她有一种顽强的意志力，那并非偶然存在的。(2)I’msorry，butIdidn’tbreakyourcuponpurpose.对不起，但我不是故意打破你的杯子的。(3)Shecameacrosssomeoldphotosinthecase.她在箱子里偶然翻到了一些老照片。(4)Whenwillthemattercomeupfordiscussion?这件事什么时候会被提出来讨论？(5)Shecameupwithanewsuggestiontosolvetheproblemaswell.她也提出了一种能解决这个问题的新建议。4．Ilookedcarefullyatthetextandrealizedthatitwasintendedforwomeninthecountryside.我仔细地看了这篇文章，了解到那是为农村妇女写的。(1)intendvt.计划；打算beintendedfor专门为……准备/打算beintendedtodosth.专门为做某事而设计的；旨在做某事intendsb.todosth.打算让某人做某事intendtodo/doingsth.打算做某事，计划做某事(2)intentionn．用意；目的；意图(1)Youwriteanunkindmessageaboutsomeone，intendingtosendittoafriend.你写了关于某人不好的信息，打算发送给一个朋友。(2017·天津)(2)Hisvisitisintendedtostrengthentiesbetweenthetwocountries.他的访问旨在增进两国间的关系。(3)Themanintendedhissontobe(be)adoctorinthefuture.这个人打算让他儿子将来当医生。(4)Theprogramwassetupwithanintention(intend)ofhelpingthoseinneed.设立这个项目是为了帮助处于困境中的人们。[高级表达](5)Thebookisintendedforlittleispopularwithus.①Thebookwhich/thatisintendedforlittlechildrenispopularwithus.(用定语从句)②Thebookintendedforlittlechildrenispopularwithus.(用非谓语动词)5．Whatmadehersucceedlateronwasthekindnessandconsiderationsheshowedtoallherpatients.后来使她成功的是她对所有病人表现出的爱心和体贴。(1)considerationn．考虑；体谅oconsideration把……考虑在内underconsideration在考虑中(2)considerateadj.考虑周到的Itisconsiderateofsb.todosth.某人做某事很周到。(3)considerv．考虑considerdoingsth.考虑做某事(1)Beforemakingadecision，helikestakingeverythingintoconsideration.在做决定之前，他喜欢把所有事情都考虑在内。(2)ItwasconsiderateofMichaeltoinformusofthedateofthemeeting.迈克尔通知了我们会议的日期，想得真周到。(3)Myoldersisterisconsideringchanging(change)herpresentjob.我姐姐正在考虑换一个工作。[一句多译](4)据说，那个新计划正在考虑中。①Itissaidthatthenewplanisbeingconsidered.(consider)②Itissaidthatthenewplanisunderconsideration.(consideration)6．TherewasstoryafterstoryofhowLinQiaozhi，tiredafteraday’swork，wentlateatnighttodeliverababyforapoorfamilywhocouldnotpayher.数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累一天之后，又在深夜去为贫苦家庭的产妇接生，而这些家庭常常是不可能给她报酬的。delivervt.生小孩儿；接生；递送；发表演说等deliverababy助产；接生deliveraspeech发表演说bedeliveredof＝givebirthto分娩，生……deliversth.tosb.把某物递送给某人(1)Hisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegarden，carryingoutthegarbageanddeliveringnewspapers.他的父母总是让他为花园除草、扔垃圾以及送报纸。(2)Themanwhoisdeliveringaspeechnowismyfather.现在发表演说的那个人是我的父亲。(3)Wouldyoupleasedelivermymessagetoyourmother？你可以帮我传口信给你母亲吗？[一句多译](4)她生下了一个健康的男婴。①Shegavebirthtoahealthybabyboy.(birth)②Shewasdeliveredofahealthybabyboy.(deliver)7．IdiscoveredthatLinQiaozhihaddevotedherwholelifetoherpatientsandhadchosennottohaveafamilyofherown.我发现林巧稚把一生都奉献给了病人，而她自己却选择了独身。(1)devote...to(doing)sth.献身于……devoteoneselfto...献身于；致力于；专心于bedevotedto致力于，献身于；忠诚于(2)devotionn．奉献(1)IfeelthatI’vebeengivenasecondlifetodevotetosomethingthatismeaningful.我觉得我被给了第二次生命来献身于有意义的事情。(2017·天津)(2)Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelping(help)othersrebuildhomes.邻居们把空闲时间都用于帮助别人重建家园。(3)Shegottheprizeforherdevotion(devote)tothepoorchildren.她因为对贫困儿童的奉献获得了这个奖。[高级表达](4)Thewomandevotesherselftotheresearch，soshehaslittletimetogohome.①Devotedtotheresearch，thewomanhaslittletimetogohome.(用过去分词短语作状语)②Devotingherselftotheresearch，thewomanhaslittletimetogohome.(用现在分词短语作状语)8．WhynotstudyatmedicalcollegelikeLinQiaozhiandcarryonhergoodwork?为什么不像林巧稚一样学医学，继续她的事业呢？carryon进行；继续；坚持carryonwithsth.继续某事carryondoingsth.继续做某事carryout履行，实施，执行carrythrough帮助……渡过难关；成功完成(1)Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—I’malwaystoobusytocarryonaconversationwithher.我讨厌工作时她给我打电话——我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话。(2)You’llhaveanaccidentifyoucarryondriving(drive)likethat.如果你继续那样开车的话会出事故的。(3)Hewasveryexcitedwhenhewenttocarryoutthesecrettask.他去执行这个秘密任务时非常兴奋。(4)It’sadifficultjobbutheisthepersontocarryitthrough.工作很艰难，但是他设法完成了。经典句式Furtherreadingmademerealizethatitwashardworkanddeterminationaswellashergentlenaturethatgotherintomedicalschool.进一步阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。本句中的强调句itwas...that...强调了宾语从句的主语。该强调句可以用来强调句子的主语、宾语和状语。强调人时，that可用who代替，其余情况一律用that。强调主语时，that/who从句中的谓语动词应该与被强调的主语的单复数保持一致。(1)ItwasintheparkthatImettheyoungforeigner.是在公园里我遇到了那个年轻的外国人。(2)Itwaswhatyousaidthatmadeyourmotherangry.是你说的话让你妈妈生气了。(3)Itwasyourolderbrotherthat/whowasmorecarefulthanLucy.是你的哥哥比露西更细心。[单句改错](4)Itisinthemorningeq\f(when,that)theoldmanoftendoessomewalking.(5)Itwasthegirlsthateq\f(was,were)praisedbytheheadteacherattheclassmeeting.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thehostesswasconsiderate(consider)andshehadgoteverythingreadyfortheguests.2．Roughseascausedmuchsickness(sick)amongthepassengers.3．Theyoungmandrovetheinjuredtothehospitaloutofkindness(kind)．4．Theoldwomanlooksdownuponthosewhobehavebadlyinpublic.5．Thegirlreferred(refer)toinhisspeechwasanexcellentplayer.6．Shecameacrosssomeoldphotosunderthebedwhiledoingsomecleaning.7．Thefilm,intended(intend)foradults，wasabighitin2018.8．Theyoungmanwillhavethegoodsdelivered(deliver)tomorrow.9．Theycarriedonhelping(help)him；asaresult，theireffortscarriedhimthrough.10．Itwasinthezoothatshespottedthebagandpickeditup.Ⅱ.完成句子1．这个俱乐部的成立到底是在什么时候？Whenwasitthattheclubwassetup?2．他不知道该谈论什么。Hedoesn’tknowwhattotalkabout.3．直到老师回来他们才离开学校。Theydidn’tleavetheschooluntiltheteachercameback.4．她似乎对他们在讨论的话题不感兴趣。Itseemedthatshewasnotinterestedinthetopictheyweretalkingabout.5．他突然想到他们在捉弄他。Ithithimthattheywereplayingatrickonhim.Ⅲ.课文短文改错IcameacrossaarticleaboutadoctorcalledLinQiaozhionofherbooksexplainedhowtocutthedeathratefromhavingandcaringforbabiescaughtmyIdosomeresearchbyraisingsomequestionaboutreadingmademetorealizeitwashardworkanddeterminedaswellashergentlenaturethatgotherintomedicalthatmadehersucceedwasherkindnessandoftenwentlatelyatnighttodeliverababyforapoorwasexcitedandwantedtocarryhercareer.答案Icameacrosseq\f(a,an)articleaboutadoctorcalledLinQiaozhieq\f(on,by)ofherbookseq\f(explained,explaining)howtocutthedeathratefromhavingandcaringforbabiescaughtmyIeq\f(do,did)someresearchbyraisingsomeeq\f(question,questions)aboutreadingmademetorealizeitwashardworkandeq\f(determined,determination)aswellashergentlenaturethatgotherintomedicaleq\f(that,what)madehersucceedwasherkindnessandoftenwenteq\f(lately,late)atnighttodeliverababyforapoorwasexcitedandwantedtocarryeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(on))hercareer.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Incaseofemergency(紧急情况)，breaktheglassandpressthebutton.2．Thereisageneration(一代)gapbetweenmyparentsandme.3．Itissuggestedthattheworkreferred(谈到)toshouldbefinishedatonce.4．Itisconsiderate(考虑周到的)ofyoutohelpyourfriendsinmanyways.5．Shedelivered(发表)aspeechonprotectingourenvironmentyesterday.6．Intimeofsuccessweremainmodest(谦虚的)，whileintimeofdifficultywekeepstrong­minded.7．Theunemploymentrate(比率)hasfallenfrom6%to5%inthepasttwoyears.8．Theaudience(观众)wasnolessthanfivethousandinthisstadium.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Itwasn’tuntilnearlyamonthlaterthatIreceivedthemanager’sreply.2．HowcanIrewardyouforyourkindness(kind)?3．Thetheorywithoutpracticeseemstobe(be)thecarswithoutengines.4．Ihadintendedtowrite(write)toyou.5．Hecaredforhisfatherallthroughhislongillness.6．Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.7．RachaelCarrintendstocarryonteaching(teach)．8．Ihaveviewsofmyownonthequestion.Ⅲ.选词填空lookdownupon，devote...to...，comeacross，bychance，beintendedfor，referto，bedeliveredof，can’twaitto1．ImetHuangBoquitebychanceinQingdao.2．Alltheteachersdevotingtheirlifetoeducationwerepraisedatthemeeting.3．IcameacrossJackieChanattheairportthedaybeforeyesterday.4．Thoughlookeddownupon，thegirlcontinuedandsucceededatlast.5．Afterhoursofsufferingshewasdeliveredofahealthybaby.6．Thescientistscan’twaittoknowtheresultoftheexperiment.7．—CanIhelpyou，sir?—’dlikeadictionarywhichisintendedforanEnglishbeginner.8．Itwasunwiseinyourspeechtorefertorisingunemployment.Ⅰ.阅读理解AVanessaBerlowitz，whostudiedscienceatOxfordUniversity，nowworksasaproducerforthehasworkedonmanynaturedocumentaries，includingthe2006BBCprogramPlanetEarth.Forthisseries，shetravelledaroundtheworldtofilmtheworld’sgreatestmountains.Thejobofseriesproducerisverycomplex(复杂的)．ForFrozenPlanet，aseven­partseriesthatexploreswhatlifeislikeontheNorthandSouthPoles，Berlowitzhadtodecidewhenandwheretoalsohadtodecidehowtotelltheday，shehelpedsetupthecameras，whichcantakethecrew(工作人员)，sheoftenspenthoursquietlylookingorwaitingfortalkedaboutthedaythecrewfinallyfoundapolarbearandhercubs(幼崽)．“Amotherpolarbearwashavingahardtimefindingfoodforherthelittlecubswereplaying，whichmadeherhuntwascryingwithlaughterwhensheputoneofthelittlecubsinaholesoshecouldthought，thisiswhatmothersdo！”Berlowitzisoneofveryfewserieswomenhopesmorewomenwillbecomeproducersinthesaid，“Asproducers，youdonothavetobeveryphysicallystrong，butyouhavetobehappytogotoextremeareas.”Berlowitzenjoysseeingnewpartsoftheworldandfilmingthingsmanypeoplehaveneverseenthebestpartofherworkishearingfromthepeoplewhowatchherdocumentaries.“Igotawonderfulemailfromaneleven­year­oldgirlfromwassoexcitedthatwomendojobslikewantstotryandfollowmywrotemeabeautifulpoem，whichwasaboutthepolarbearmademecrywithjoy，”shesaid.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了女性电视制片人——瓦内莎·波洛维兹。)1．WhatcanwelearnaboutBerlowitz’swork?A．Ittakestimeandpatience.B．Italwaysputsherindanger.C．Itneedstobedoneindependently.D．Ithasnothingtodowithhermajor.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，波洛维兹是自然纪录片的制片人，再根据第二段中的“shehelpedsetupthecameras，whichcantakehours”和“sheoftenspenthoursquietlylookingorwaitingforanimals”可知，波洛维兹的工作需要大量的时间和足够的耐心。2．WhatfeelingdidBerlowitzexpressfromherobservationofbears?A．Pity. B．Worry.C．Fun. D．Pride.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Iwascryingwithlaughter”可知，波洛维兹觉得熊妈妈和幼崽的行为很好笑。3．WhatdidBerlowitzsaytopossibleproducers?A．Growastrongbody.B．Bepleasedtogototerribleplaces.C．Bepreparedtotravelaroundtheworld.D．Learntodealwithextremeweatherconditions.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段中的“youhavetobehappytogotoextremeareas”可知，在波洛维兹看来，想成为一名制片人，需要乐意去世界上一些极端的地区。4．WhydidBerlowitztalkabouttheIraniangirl?A．Todescribeherhopeforthelittlegirl.B．ToproveFrozenPlanet’shugeinfluence.C．Toexplainshesetagoodexampleforgirlsworldwide.D．Toshowheraudience’spositiveresponsemeansalottoher.答案D解析推理判断题。最后一段提到来自伊朗的女孩给波洛维兹写的电子邮件是为了说明上一段中的“Butthebestpartofherworkishearingfromthepeoplewhowatchherdocumentaries.”由此可知，波洛维兹认为观众的肯定和认可对她来说意义非凡。B(2017·海南中学高一检测)Anewgenerationaddiction(上瘾)isquicklyspreadingalloverthe(网瘾)，atwentiethcenturydisease，affectspeoplefromdifferentsurfthenet，usee­mailandspeakinchatspendmanyhoursonthecomputer，anditbecomesacompulsivecannotstop，anditaffectstheirlives.Tenyearsago，noonethoughtthatusingcomputerscouldbecomecompulsivebehaviorthatcouldaffectthesocialandphysicallifeofcomputerbehaviorhasseriouslyaffectedteenagersandcollegearelikelytolog(写日志)oncomputersandspendlonghoursatdifferentwebsites.Theybecomehooked(着迷)oncomputersandgraduallytheirsocialandschoollifeisaffectedbythisspendallfreetimesurfinganddon’tconcentrateonhomework，sothisaddictioninfluencestheirgradesandsuccessattheycanfindeverythingonthewebsites，theyhangout，thisaddictiontowebsitesinfluencestheirsociallife.Theyspendmoretimeinfrontofcomputersthanwiththeirrelationwiththeirfriendsvirtual(虚拟的)lifebecomesmoreimportantthantheirrealhaveanewlanguagethattheyspeakinthechatroomsanditcausesculturalchangesinsociety.Becauseofthechangeintheirbehavior，theybegintoisolatethemselvesfromsocietyandlivewiththeirvirtualsharetheiremotionsandfeelingswithfriendswhotheyhavenevermetintheirtheyfeelconfidentonthecomputer，theyarenotconfidentwithreallifefriendstheyhaveknownalltheirisaproblemfortheaddictivebehaviorisbeginningtoaffectalltheworld.eq\x(语篇解读文章讲述了新时代的一个普遍而又影响深远的问题——网瘾。)5．Themainideaofthepassageisabout.A．thepopularityofweboholismB．theadvantageofweboholismC．theeffectofweboholismD．thecauseofweboholism答案C解析主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Anewgenerationaddiction(上瘾)isquicklyspreadingalloverthe(网瘾)，atwentiethcenturydisease，affectspeoplefromdifferentages.”并接合下文内容可知，文章主要讲述的就是网瘾的影响。故选C。6．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A．weboholismhasthegreatesteffectonteenagersB．studentscanhardlybalancerealandvirtuallifeC．peopleareaddictedtogamesontheInternetD．virtuallifeismorevividandattractivethanreallife答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，学生们沉迷于虚拟世界的朋友与生活，不能平衡与现实世界的关系，故B正确。7．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofweboholism?A．Peopleaddictedtotheweboftenbecomeinactiveinreallife.B．Thechatroomlanguagemaychangesocialculture.C．Theproblemwillbegettingmoreandmoreseriouslater.D．Itleadstothedevelopmentoftheweb.答案D解析推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，网瘾让人们对现实生活消极，沉迷虚拟世界；不同的聊天室语言也影响着现实社会的语言文化发展；而网瘾问题也越来越严重。但网瘾并不能引领互联网的发展，