大学英语三级考试语法总结

大学英语三级考试语法总结.语法考题的涉及面宽近年考题出现频率最高的：几乎所有词类，三种动词的非谓语形式，名词从句，形容词从句，副词从句，独立主格，主谓一致，倒装，强调，虚拟语气等基本语法知识。.语法考试的重点突出语法考试的重点为内容庞杂较难掌握的项目，这些项目有时还会反复出现如：虚拟语气，状语从句，定语从句，独立主格，情态动词。.1.虚拟语气4.时态14.词形转换2.定语从句3.状语从句11.倒装句12.强调句8.比较级和最高级6.分词作状语7.分词作定语10.同位语9.先行词it

15.词组5.被动语态13.动词+-ing/-todo.虚拟语气概念：虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。考点：1.由if引导的虚拟条件句

If从句主句表示对现在情况的假设

过去式did(*be动词用were)should/woulddo

*表示对过去情况的假设had

doneshould/would/might/couldhave

done.注意点：条件从句中省略if采用倒装语序的情况在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if省去，而将had，should，were等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。.练习题：1.Ifhehadtaken

thelawyer’sadvice,he(save)__________himselfagreatdealoftrouble.2.Hemighthavebeenkilledinthatcaraccidentyesterdayifhe(take)__________partinthatactivitywiththeteam..3.__________lastFriday,hewouldhavegottoParis.A.WouldheleaveB.HadheleftC.IfheistoleaveD.Ifhewasleaving4.IfI(be)______you,Iwouldnotmissthejobinterviewtomorrowmorning..考点：2.在表示命令、决定、建议等词语之后的that-分句中,分句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”或直接用动词原型。（1）用在demand,insist（坚持）,order,propose,recommend,request,require,suggest等动词之后的that-分句中。Be-型虚拟语气.（2）用在advisable（可取的、明智的）,desirable（称心合意的）,essential（必要的、必不可少的）,important,impossible,necessary,proper等形容词后的that-分句中。（3）用在decision,demand,order,requirement（需要）等名词后的that-分句中。.练习题：1.Therepresentativeofthecompanydemandedthatpartoftheagreement______revised.A.willbeB.isC.tobeD.be2.ItissuggestedthatthepresidentoftheUnion(make)______aspeechonbehalfofalltheworkers.3.Itisimportantthathe(be)_______calledbackimmediately..考点：3.“情态动词+完成时态”的不同用法（1）*shouldhavedone

表示“应当做某事（但是没有做）”

shouldn’thavedonesth

表示“本不应该做某事（而做了）”（2）musthavedone

对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测，表示“一定做了某事”。否定形式是“couldn’thavedone”（3)needn’thavedonesth

表示“本没必要做某事（却做了）”（4)wouldliketohavedonesth

表示“本打算做某事（却没做）”.1.ThisATMhasbeenoutofserviceforafewdays.Itshould__________lastweek.A.fixB.befixedC.havefixedD.havebeenfixed2.Jackmust__________(go)away---wecannotfindhimanywhereinthefactory.练习题：.3．Tom______thepartyasnoonesawhimthereyesterdaymorning.A.cannotattendB.mustn’tattendC.won’thaveattendedD.couldn’thaveattended表示“严禁”.考点：4、其他特殊句式（1）在Itis(about/high)time+that定语从句中需用虚拟语气，表示“该做……的时候了”，其动词形式用一般过去时或should+动词原形。练习题：Ithinkitishightimewe_______(take)strictmeasurestostoppollution..（2）wish,wouldrather(sooner)后的宾语从句，谓语动词用虚拟语气。

动词形式用法a.过去式(did)表示当时未实现的愿望b.过去完成时(haddone)表示过去未实现的愿望c.过去将来时(woulddo)表示将来不大可能实现的愿望.一、形容词性从句概要定义：形容词性从句一般称为定语从句，在句子中起定语作用，修饰一个名词或代词，有时可修饰一个句子。结构：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词的后面，由关系词引导。先行词+关系词+定语从句形容词性从句

定语从句.1.Hereisaboy,andhedamagedthevase.Hereistheboy(whodamagedthevase).先行词关系代词（作主语）

2.Mycousinisanengineer,andhewenttoEuropelastweek.

Mycousin,whoisanengineer,wenttoEuropelastweek.先行词关系代词（作主语）.二、定语从句的分类限制性关系分句非限制性关系分句1限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系，缺少了它，作为先行项的名词（词组）便不能明确表示其所指对象。非限制性关系分句和它的先行项之间只有比较松散的联系，因此，如果省略一个非限制性关系分句，并不影响先行项的所指意义。2在口语中前后没有停顿，在书写中通常不用逗号。在口语中有停顿，在书写中常用逗号隔开。

3Hereistheboywhodamagedthevase.Mycousin,whoisanengineer,wenttoEuropelastweek..限制性关系分句非限制性关系分句指人指物指人指物作主语whothatwhichthatwho/whom/whosewhich作宾语whom/who/that/zerowhich/that/zero作介词补足成分whomwhich定语从句中关系代词的选择

成分关系代词.定语从句中关系副词的选择

1.when表示时间2.where表示地点3.why表示原因它们在定语从句中都充当状语成分。.1.Theadvertisingcompanyrecentlyhiredadesigner____hadoncewonaprizeinanationalcontest.A.whoseB.whichC.whomD.who2.Itisimportanttoprovideanenvironment______peopleareencouragedtomakesuggestionsatalllevelsofthecompany.A.fromwhichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.forwhich练习题：.3.OncemoreIhavetoleaveBeijing,____Ihavebeenlivingforeightyears.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.as4.Thereisnoevidence____oilpricewillcomedowninthenearfuture.（同位语）A.whichB.thatC.whereD.as.5.Itwasnotsuchagoodjob____shehadreadaboutintheadvertisement.A.likeB.whichC.asD.what.状语从句1.时间状语从句当…时候when,while,as在…之前before在…之后after一…就…assoonas,themoment,theminute,theinstant直到直到…才until/tillnot…until/till词例含义.1.Thenewstaffdidn’tknowhowtousethesystem______Iexplainedittohimyesterday.A.untilB.becauseC.ifD.since2.Theyhadtalkedonlyforafewminutes______theyfoundtheywereofdifferentopinions.A.unlessB.whileC.beforeD.once3.IwillaskMr.Smithtoringyouup_______hecomesbacktotheoffice.A.whenB.whereC.becauseD.although.4.Theywillnotstarttheprojectuntiltheboardchairman______backfromSouthAfrica.A.willcomeB.iscomingC.cameD.comes.类别词例2条件状语从句if如果unless除非，若不3原因状语从句because因为since既然4让步状语从句though/although虽然evenif/though即使5结果状语从句so+a./ad.+that如此…以至于6目的状语从句sothat

inorderthatincase以免、以防万一lest免得目的是….5.Hewasattendingameeting,______hewouldhavecometoyourpartyyesterday.A.unlessB.whenC.butD.or6.Shedidnotgotothepartylastnight,______shehadtofinishhertermpaper.A.ifB.thoughC.tillD.because7.Young______heis,hehasprovedtobeanablesalesman.A.thatB.whoC.asD.whichas构成的让步状语从句：名词词组/形容词+as+主语+谓语尽管他是个孩子，他对软件编程却知道很多。Childasheis,heknowsmuchaboutsoftwareprogramming..一般时态进行时态完成时态完成进行时态现在writewritesamisarehashavehashave过去wrotewaswere

hadwritten

hadbeenwriting将来shallwillshallwillshallwillshallwill过去将来shouldwouldshouldwouldshouldwouldshouldwouldwritingwrittenbeenwritingwritingwritebewritinghavewritten

havebeenwriting

writebewritinghavewritten

havebeenwriting

.

现在完成时has/havedone用法已完成未完成动作或过程发生在说话之前某个没有明确说出的过去时间，现在已完成并和现在情况联系。是指动作或状态从过去某时开始继续到现在，可能继续下去.例句e.g.He’sturnedoffthelight.e.g.He’slivedheresince1960.注释灯在一个过去时间被关掉，说话时仍然关着。他从1960年来到这里居住，至今还住在这里。.过去完成时把时间推移到过去某一时间之前，与现在时间不发生联系---表示过去的过去。e.g.ShetoldmehernameafterIhadasked(ask)hertwice.过去完成时haddone现在她告诉我她的名字我问她的名字dodidhaddone.

现在完成（进行）时经常与since-词组或since-分句连用，表示“自某时以来”一直进行或者未进行某项活动。主句（现在完成时/现在完成进行时），since-从句（一般过去时）

e.g.Ihavelivedinthedormitory,sinceIarrivedhere.现在完成时一般过去时自从我来这儿，就住在学生公寓。Since-结构.bytheendofbythetime

BytheendofBythetime到……时候为止表示将来时间的词组或分句，主句时态（will

have

done)1.Bytheendofnextmonth,we(find)_______agoodsolutiontothetechnicalproblem.2.Bythetimeyoucometoseemenextmonth,I______mytermpaper.A.havecompletedB.completeC.amcompletingD.willhavecompleted.Itis/willbe+thefirsttimethat–分句（现在完成时）e.g.Isthisthefirsttimeyou’vecometoChina?Itwasthefirsttimethat–分句（过去完成体）e.g.ItwasthesecondtimeIhadbeen(be)abroad.“Itisthefirsttime+that–分句”中的使用Back这是你第一次来中国吗？这是我第二次出国．.１．不定式作状语*（１）表示目的e.g.Wewillgototheclinictomorrowtobeexaminedbythedoctor.

（２）表示结果e.g.Hehurriedhomeonlytofindthathisgrandfatherwasdead.（３）表示原因e.g.Hewasluckytohavefoundthelostchild.分词作状语.２．-ing分词作状语（１）作时间状语e.g.（Whenwewere)Climbingtothetopofthetower,wesawamagnificentview.（２）*作原因状语e.g.Havingworkedhardallday,Iwasreadyforbed.（３）*作伴随状语e.g.Heranuptoher,breathingheavily.表示主动.３．-ed分词作状语(1)*作时间状语e.g.(Whenitis)Heated,themetalexpands.(2)*作原因状语e.g.(Becausehewas)Deeplymoved,hethankedheragainandagain.表示被动.1.Theautoindustryspendslargeamountsofmoneyonmarketingcampaigns_______youngadultcustomers.A.attractB.attractedC.toattractD.attracts2.______bythefailureoftheproject,themanagercouldhardlysayaword.A.TobeshockedB.ShockedC.BeshockedD.Shocking练习题：.3.______thatIwasnotgoingtogetmuchchanceforpromotion,Isoonbecameboredwithmywork.A.Torealize

B.RealizingC.BeingrealizedD.Realized4.______upattheclockonthewall,thesecretaryfounditwasalreadymidnight.A.LookingB.LookC.TolookD.Looked.5.______tofindtheproperjob,hedecidedtogiveupjob-huntinginthiscity.A.FailedB.BeingfailedC.Tofail

D.Havingfailed6.Theresearchgrouphassubmittedareport,(suggest)______reformstobemade.7.When(ask)______abouttheadvertisingcampaignofthenewproduct,themanagersaiditwasagreatsuccess..分词作定语-ing（现在）分词和-ed（过去）分词作定语的主要差别在于：1.现在分词表示“主动（现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词，即与名词有主谓关系)和进行”。e.g.Therearealotoffanshopingforaglimpseofthemoviestars..2.过去分词表示“被动(过去分词修饰的是承受该动作的名词,即与名词是动宾关系）和完成（不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动，只表示完成）“。e.g.Computersimportedfromabroadareusuallymoreexpensive.e.g.Alostopportunityneverreturns.注：单个分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面..不定式作定语.1.Thefirsttextbook______forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.Writing

B.writtenC.towriteD.tobewritten2.Theconference_______inBeijingnextweekisboundtobeagreatsuccess.A.holdingB.beingheldC.tohold

D.tobeheld练习题：.3.Withthehelpofthepolice,thewomanfinallyfoundher(lose)______childafterasleeplessnight.4.Itwasinhischildhoodthathereadmostofthebooks(write)_______byMarkTwain.5.Thetallbuilding(complete)_______lastmonthisournewclassroombuilding..形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的规则变化kindkinderkindestclearclearerclearestcomplicatedmorecomplicatedmostcomplicatedclevercleverermoreclevercleverestmostcleverhappyhappierhappiestnarrownarrowernarrowestfastfasterfastestclearlymoreclearlymostclearlywiselymorewiselymostwisely.bad/badlyworseworstgood/wellbetterbestoldolder/elderoldest/eldestfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestmuch/manymoremostlittlelessleast形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的不规则变化.1.Successfulcompaniesconcentrate(much)______onsellingtheirproductstotheirexistingcustomersthantotheirnewones.2.Theguestpaid(little)______moneythanheshouldfortheroom.3.Thepriceofpetrolismuch(high)______nowthanitwasthistimelastyear.填空题：.先行词it

it充当形式主语或形式宾语，后面的真正主语或真正宾语通常是不定式结构、-ing分词或名词性分句。形式主语1.______isreportedinthenewspapersthatthetalksbetweenthetwocompanieshavenotmadeanyprogress.A.ThatB.WhatC.ItD.As.练习题：3.Theyregard_____astheirdutytoprovidethebestservicefortheircustomers.A.thisB.whatC.itD.that形式宾语2.Itismygreathonor______togiveaspeechattheopeningceremony.A.toinviteB.invitingC.havinginvitedD.tobeinvited.4.Idonotthinkitnecessary(discuss)______thematterwithhimbeforetheproblemissettled..同位语从句同位语从句通常用that引导，且that在从句中不充当任何成分，是对名词的内容进行解释说明.

可用同位语从句修饰的名词有：news,fact,idea,promise,question,doubt,hope,evidence,suggestion,thought,message等。.1.Themessage______Mr.Blackwaselectedchairmanofthecommitteearrivedjustintime.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.how2.Newscamefromthesalesmanager______thenewproducthadbeensellingwellinthelocalmarketforthreemonths.A.whoseB.whatC.whichD.that练习题：.倒装（Inversion）

概念例句部分倒装操作词（即助动词e.g.have/has/had,

did/do/does等）置于主语之前。我认为这几乎是不可能的。Ihardlythoughtitpossible.HardlydidIthinkitpossible.全部倒装是指主语和谓语的位置完全颠倒，即整个谓语置于主语之前。Underthetreeweresittingagroupofchildren..

I.部分倒装(PartialInversion)(1)当句首为否定词或带有否定意义的词语时，一般引起部分倒装e.g.few,little,never,hardly,rarely,scarcely,seldom,nosooner…than…,Hardly…when…,notonly…butalso…,*notuntil…,bynomeans等.应用：.1.Littletheyrealizedthattheyhadmadeagreatdiscoveryinchemistry.2.Rarelywehaveseenapersonwithsuchbadtemper.Little

didtheyrealizethattheyhadmadeagreatdiscoveryinchemistry.Rarely

haveweseenapersonwithsuchbadtemper.改错题：.(2)句首状语若由“only+副词”、“only+介词词组”。“only+状语分句”构成，也引起部分倒装。只有当你亲自去做的时候，才能明白这项工作是多么艰苦。

Onlywhenyoudoityourselfcanyouunderstandhowhardtheworkis.翻译题：.（3).“So+副词…that…（部分倒装）”“So+形容词…that…（全部倒装）”选择题：So______aftershelearnedthegoodnewsthatshecouldhardlyfallasleepthatnight.A.excitedthemotherwasB.wasthemotherexcitedC.themotherwasexcitedD.excitedwasthemother.Theworkmenfinishedtheirworksoquicklythattheyweregivenabonus.Soquicklydidtheworkmenfinishtheirworkthattheyweregivenabonus.句型转换：.句型结构：Itis(was)+强调成分(除谓语成分）+that(who)+句子（原句中的剩余部分）.

当被强调的部分指“人”时，that可换作who。句子的开头用itis还是itwas，通常取决于其后从句的谓语动词是现在时还是过去时。强调句:.她建议我们去图书馆。是她建议我去图书馆。Shesuggestedwegotothelibrary.Itwasshethat/whosuggestedwegotothelibrary.

1.强调主语.我们的英语老师送给我一本字典。我们的英语老师送给我的是这本字典。

OurEnglishgavemeadictionary.ItwasthisdictionarythatourEnglishgaveme.2.强调宾语.我上周接到通知。我是在上周接到通知的。Igotthenoticelastweek.ItwaslastweekthatIgotthenotice.3.强调状语.Itwasnotuntiltheaccidenthappened____.A.whenIrealizedmycarelessnessB.thatIrealizedmycarelessnessC.asIrealizedmycarelessnessD.whenmycarelessnesshasbeenrealized选择题：.Youworkedveryhardyesterday.Youdidworkveryhardyesterday..动词+-ing/-todo

1.*只能带-ing分词的动词这类动词常见的有：avoid,admit,can’thelp,consider,dislike,don’tmind,imagine,include,(enjoy,finish,giveup).2.只能带不定式的动词这类动词常见的有：agree,choose,decide,demand,determine,expect,prepare,promise,refuse..3.既能直接带-ing又能带-todo的动词（1）意义无甚区别这类动词常见的有：attempt,begin,continue,hate,intend,like,love,plan,prefer,require,start..(2)意义有区别表一：remembertodosth记得去做某事rememberdoingsth记得曾经做过的事forgettodosth忘记去做某事forgetdoingsth忘记曾经做过的事regrettodosth对即将要做的事情感到遗憾regretdoingsth后悔曾经做过的事情.stoptodosth停下来做另外一件事情stopdoingsth停止做某事goontodosth继续做另外一件事情goondoingsth继续做某事表二：.meantodosth表示“打算”meandoingsth表示“意味着”trytodosth表示“努力、设法”trydoingsth表示“试着”表三：.1.Mr.Smithconsidered(sell)______hiscarandhishousebeforemovingtoBeijing.2.Iwonderedwhytheboyoftenavoided______(talk)withhisclassmates.3.Idon’tmind(have)______adoginthehousesolongit’scleananditdoesn’tsmell.练习题：.4.Theystopped(search)______forthemissingplaneastheweatherwasveryrough.5.Idonotregret_______herwhatIthoughtaboutherproposal,evenifitupsether.A.tellB.totellC.toldD.telling.(1)动词---名词

-mentinvest---investment-encediffer---difference-tionsolve---solution-siondecide---decision-ioncreate---creation(2)形容词---名词–nesshappy---happinesslarge---largeness词型转换.(3)名词---形容词

-fulsuccess-successful;-alnation-national(4)形容词---副词

-lyeffective---effectivelycalm---calmly(5)名词---动词

belief---believe.Exercise:*“冠词+(形容词)+名词”、“形容词+名词（不可数/可数名词复数）”I.动词--->名词

1.Iamsurethesecretarywhohasjustbeenhiredwillprovetobeanefficient(employ)2.IcannotgoshoppingwithyoubecauseIhavean(appoint)

withmydentistthisafternoon.II.形容词--->名词3.Theyfullyrecognizedtheenormous(strong)andinfluenceoftheunion..III.名词--->名词4.Mysisterhasrecentlygotajobasa(reception)inahotel.IV.名词--->形容词5.Followingthe(success)settlementofthestrike,thetrainserviceisnowbacktonormal.6.Theorganizationstarteda(nation)campaignagainstcigarettesmokinginpublicplaces..*系动词后需要形容词7.Itis(reason)forparentstopayfortheirchildren’seducation.V.形容词--->动词8.Weshouldreadmoreandseemoreinorderto(wide)

ourhorizons..*副词是用来修饰形容词、动词或整个句子的。

9.TheydecidednottovisittheGreatWallbecauseitwasraining(heavy).10.Applicationforthistrainingcourseshouldbesent(direct)totheadmissionoffice.11.Thelittlegirlgavean(extreme)

wonderfulperformancelastnight..1.beworthdoing值得做…2.lookforwardtodoingsth期盼做…3.besurprisedat惊讶于…4.toone’ssurprise让某人惊奇的是…5.behappywithsth对…感到满意6.insistondoingsth坚持做….7.Beyondone’sability超出某人的能力范围8.Spend(时间）indoingsth花费时间做…9.Keepone’seyesfixedonsth一直盯着…看10.succeedindoingsth成功做成…11.cannot/couldn’tdoanythingbutdo…“不能做…只能做…”12.wouldratherdosth.thandosth.“情愿做…而不愿做另外一件事情”.Thequestionis________meandIhavenoideaofit.

A)beyond

B)over

C)beside

D)above.【答案】A【译文】我不懂这个问题，一点儿也不知道。【考点】固定搭配【解析】“beyondsb．”意为“为某人所不能理解，超出某人的能力范围”，其他词均无此搭配，故选A。.Theoutputofourcompanythismonthis_______thatoflastmonth.

A)twiceasmuchas

B)twiceasmuch

C)twicemanyas

D)twiceasmanyas.【答案】A【译文】我们工厂这月的产量是上月的两倍。【考点】倍数的表达法【解析】倍数+asmuch/manyas，用much还是many由主语的形式决定。.HardlyhadIgothome________thetelephonerang.

A)then

B)when

C)as

D)than.【答案】B【译文】我一到家电话铃就响了。【考点】固定搭配【解析】hardly...when是固定关联词组，意为“一…就…”，类似的词组还有“scarcely…when…”，“nosooner…than…”等。.Bythetimeyougetback,I________allthework.

A)wouldfinish

B)willhavefinished

C)hasfinished

D)hadfinished.【答案】B【译文】到你回来的时候，我将已完成所有的工作。【考点】动词的时态【解析】by引导的时间短语通常和完成时态连用。“bythetimeyougetback”表示将来的时间，因此主句应用将来完成时态，故选B。.It'srequiredthatthestudents________thetermpapertomorrow.

A)finished

B)finish

C)willfinish

D)mayfinish.【答案】B【译文】要求学生们明天完成学期论文。

【考点】虚拟语气【解析】本题考查的是虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法。其结构为it+形容词或过去分词+主语从句，用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”(should可以省略)。类似的词有“essential，urgent，natural，important，desirable，necessary，ordered”等。.______thefinalexaminationisover,wecangooutsideforapicnic.

A)Eventhough

B)Nowthat

C)For

D)With.【答案】B【译文】既然期末考试已经结束，那么我们可以外出野餐了。【考点】状语从句【解析】eventhough引导让步状语从句，表“似乎，好像”；nowthat引导原因状语从句，表“既然”。.

Tomwastheonlyoneofthestudentswho________namedOutstandingStudent.

A)is

B)are

C)was

D)were.【答案】C【译文】汤姆是这些学生中唯一一名被授予优秀学生称号的人。【考点】主谓一致【解析】theonlyoneof+名词，后面的定语从句中的谓语动词用单数形式，但oneof+名词后面的定语从句中的谓语动词用复数，又因题中主句时态为一般过去时，故此题选C。

.Thereissomethingwrongwithmycar.Itwilltakemeonehourtohaveit______.

A)fix

B)fixing

C)tofix

D)fixed.【答集】D

【译文】我的车出问题了，得花费我一小时时间找人修理。

【考点】非谓语动词

【解析】本题考查的是使役动词have后接过去分词作宾语补足语表被动的用法。此类动词还有：keep．find，leave，make，get等。.Seldom________hiswifepunishesherchildrenforspeakingouttheirownideasfreely.

A)Isaw

B)Ihaveseen

C)haveIseen

D)doIsee.【答案】C

【译文】我很少看到他妻子因为孩子自由地说出自己的想法而惩罚孩子。

【考点】倒装结构及时态

【解析】具有否定意义或否定形式的词或词组位于句首时，谓语用部分倒装结构。其他具有否定意义的词还有：never，little，scarcely，hardly，notonly等。另外，根据句意应用现在完成时态。.It'shightimethegovernment_________somemeasurestoraisepeople'sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.

A)willtake

B)take

C)took

D)takes.【答案】C

【译文】现在是时候政府采取措施提高人们的环保意识了。

【考点】虚拟语气

【解析】当It’s(high/about)time…后接从句时，从句谓语动词用过去时，意为“早该干某事而现在做已经有些晚了”。.We‘llneverforget______inNewYorklastyear.A)ustomeetafewfriends

B)ourmeetingafewfriendsC)afewfriendstomeet

D)afewfriendsmeeting.【答案】B

【译文】我们永远不会忘记去年那次在纽约与几个朋友的会面。【考点】固定用法

【解析】forget后面既可以接不定式，即forgettodosth，意为“忘记要做某事”；又可以接动名词，即forgetdoingsth，意为“忘记做过某事”。根据句意，故选B。.Isthereanyhopeof______thegoldmedal?A)Johntowin

B)JohnwinC)winningJohn

D)John'swinning.【答案】D【译文】约翰有希望赢得金牌吗?【考点】非谓语动词【解析】如果动名词动作的发出者不是句子的主语时，则需要有自己的逻辑主语，其形式为：物主代词+动名词；名词或人称代词宾格+动名词；名词’s+动名词。根据题意，故选D。.ThereisamanatthereceptiondeskwhoseemsveryangryandIthinkhemeans_______trouble.A)making

B)tomakeC)tohavemade

D)havingmade.答案】B

【译文】接待处有个男人看起来非常生气，我想他要找麻烦。【考点】固定用法

【解析】meantodo意为“打算做某事”；meandoing意为“意味着…”。根据句意，故选B。._______hersurprise,MissWangfoundnobodyintheclassroom.A)At

B)ToC)For

D)With.【答案】B【译文】令王老师惊讶的是，她发现教室里一个人也没有。【考点】固定搭配【解析】toone'ssurprise为固定搭配，意为“令某人惊讶的是”。故选B。.Andersonisoneofthose_______appearfriendlybutinfactarehardtodealwith.A)who

B)theyC)that

D)which.【答案】A【译文】安得森是外表和蔼而实际上却很难相处的人中的一个。【考点】定语从句【解新】这里需要一个表示人的关系代词，四个词中，只有who最合适。故选A。.Iwishthey_______intheirballgame.A)willbesucceeded

B)succeededC)wouldbesuccessful

D)weresuccess.【答案】B【译文】我希望他们在球赛中取得成功。【考点】虚拟语气【解析】wish后面的从句要用虚拟语气，这里是现在时，所以从句要用动词的过去式，故选B。.Itisdifficultforhertomakethefinaldecisionnow,_______sheisinadelicatesituation.A)if

B)unless

C)until

D)since.【答案】D【译文】因为她处境微妙，所以现在很难作最后的决定。【考点】状语从句【解析】四个词中，只有since可以引导原因状语从句，表示“由于，因为”的意思，故选D。.InoldChinawomenused_______.A)tolookdown

B)tolookdownuponC)tobelookeddown

D)tobelookeddownupon.答案】D

【译文】在旧中国妇女常常被人瞧不起。

【考点】被动语态

【解析】usedtodosth表示“过去常常做某事”，而根据句意可知，women与谓语动词之间是被动关系，lookdownupon表示“瞧不起”，这里应该用它的被动语态，故选D。.Isupposeyouknoweverythingaboutthatevent,________?A)don'tyou

B)doIC)doyou

D)don'tI.【答案】A

【译文】我想你了解事件的一切，是吗?

【考点】反意疑问句

【解析】当主句谓语是think，believe，expect，suppose，imagine等引导的宾语从句时，疑问部分应与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。所以应忽略主句Isuppose，根据从句来选择。从句是肯定句，主语是you，故选A。.Wemustfindawaytocutprices________reducingourprofitstoomuch.

A)without

B)despite

C)with

D)forA.

Shedidn’tknow________toexpressherideasinEnglishclearlyinpublic.

A)which

B)why

C)what

D)how

D

.________theweatherimproves,wewillsufferahugelossinthetouristindustry.

A)As

B)Since

C)While

D)UnlessD.Wearehappyatthegoodnews________Mr.BlackhasbeenawardedtheBestManager.

A)that

B)which

C)what

D)whetherA.Itisimportantthatwe________thetaskaheadoftime.

A)willfish

B)finished

C)finish

D)shallfinishC.________inthecompanyforthreeyears,Markhasbecomeexperiencedinbusinessnegotiations.

A)Havingworked

B)Havebeenworking

C)Haveworked

D)WorkedA.Wouldyoupleasepassmethebook________coverisblack?

A)which

B)whose

C)that

D)itsB.Notuntilshearrivedatthemeetingroom________shehadforgottentobringthedocument.

A)sherealized

B)didsherealize

C)shedidrealize

D)doessherealizeB.Johnhadneverbeenabroadbefore,________hefoundthebusinesstripveryexciting.

A)because

B)though

C)so

D)whileC.________somestudentsareabletofindemploymentaftergraduation,otherswillhavetoreturntoschoolandearnanadvanceddegree.

A)Since

B)While

C)Because

D)IfB.BytheendofthisyearMr.Smith________inourcompanyforexactlythreeyears.

A)isworking

B)hasworked

C)willwork

D)willhaveworkedD.IthinkthattheGreatWallisworth____________hundredsofmilestovisit.

A)totravel

B)traveling

C)traveled

D)travelB.Thenewstaffdidn’tknowhowtousethesystem_________Iexplainedittohimyesterday.

A)until

B)because

C)if

D)sinceA._____________isreportedinthenewspapersthatthetalksbetweenthetwocompanieshavenotmadeanyprogress.

A)That

B)What

C)It

D)AsC.Enclosedyou________anapplicationformthatyouareaskedtofillout.

A)willfind

B)find

C)found

D)arefindingA._________，Gloriastartedlookingforwork.

A)Allthemoneybeingspent

B)Allthemoneyhavingbeenspent

C)Allthemoneyspend

D)SpendingallthemoneyB.【译文】钱全部花光之后，格洛丽娅开始找工作。

【考点】独立主格结构

【解析】这是非谓语动词中分词的独立主格结构。分词动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，因此要用完成时，故选B。

.Itwilltakeyouonehourandfiftyminutes_________thetopofMountTai.

A)reaching

B)toreach

C)beingreached

D)havingbeenreachedB.【译文】你得花1小时50分钟才能爬到泰山顶上。

【考点】非谓语动词

【解析】不定式(短语)或不定式复合结构forsb．todo做主语时，往往将其移至谓语动词之后，将it置于句首作形式主语。takesb．+时间(金钱、精力)+todo表示“花费…时间(金钱、精力)做某事”，故选B。

._________thenews,Idachangedherplans.

A)Inhearing

B)Tohear

C)Ofhearing

D)OnhearingD.【译文】一听到那消息，艾达便改变了计划。

【考点】非谓语动词

【解析】“on(upon)doing”表示“一…就…”。根据题意，故选D。

.Tonyistalkingaboutthefriendsandthefood_________interesthim.

A)which

B)who

C)that

D)asC.【译文】托尼正在谈论他感兴趣的朋友和食物。

【考点】定语从句

【解析】当定语从句的先行词中既有表示人的名词又有表示物的名词时，只能用that来引导，故选C。

.Ididn'tunderstandatfirstwhyhecouldn'tpassthetest,nomatter_________hardhehadtried.

A)when

B)where

C)what

D)howD.译文】起初我不明白为什么无论他怎么努力都考不及格。

【考点】状语从句

【解析】how修饰副词hard，nomatterhow引导让步状语从句，故选D。

.Inthe________halfofthe17thcenturythosecitiesbecameevenmoreprosperous.

A)latter

B)latest

C)later

D)lateA.【译文】在l7世纪的后半叶，那些城市变得更加繁华。

【考点】形容词的用法

【解析】latter意为“后半的”，如：thelatterhalfofthemonth意为“后半月”，故选A。

.________cominghere,Ihaven'tseenasingleperson.

A)Since

B)From

C)By

D)AtA.【译文】从我来到这里开始就没有见过一个人。

【考点】连词的用法

【解析】因为“Ihaven'tseenasingleperson”是现在完成时，所以需要和表示时间段的连词短语连用。而cominghere是一个时间点，四个词中，只有since适合，故选A。

.Between1975and1996,thenumberofoverseasvisitorsexpanded_________27%onaverageeachyear.

A)in

B)by

C)for

D)toB.【译文】在1975到1996年间，海外游客的数量以平均每年27%的速度增长。

【考点】介词的用法

【解析】expandby…%表示“以某种百分比增长”，故选B。.Solittle________aboutchemistrythatthelecturewascompletelybeyondme.

A)didIknow

B)Iknow

C)doIknow

D)IknewA.【译文】我对化学了解甚少，所以这个演讲我完全听不懂。

【考点】倒装句

【解析】little相当于一个否定词，与副词so放在句首时，句子需要部分倒装，另