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2023年12月大学英语四级考试真题答案解析PartIWritingTheabovebarchartclearlyshowsuseducationpaysin2023.Weseethatonewithhighereducationbackgroundearnsmoremoneyweeklythanthosewithlowerones.Forinstance,thecollegestudentswithnodegreegetpaid$712perweekwhereasthosewithaBachelor’sdegreecanearn$1038.Severalreasons,inmyopinion,canbeidentifiedtoaccountforthisphenomenon.Tobeginwith,comparedwiththosewithcomparativelylowereducationdegree,peoplewhohavereceivedhighereducationpossessconsiderablywiderknowledge,moreremarkablelearningandresearchability,greaterinnovationandmostofall,resourcefulsocialnetwork,allofwhichareessentialtoahigh-incomework.Also,thehigherone’cationdegreeis,thebiggerplatformhewillhavetoshowhisability.Forexample,hiscollege,university,orresearchinstitutewillorganizevariousjobfairsforthemtocommunicatefacetofacewithemployers.Thisphenomenontellsusthateducationisaworthyinvestment.Therefore,substantialeducationinvestmentshouldbestrengthenedwhilewe,ascollegestudents,shouldstudyhardertobuildourcountryandstriveforabetterlifeforourselves.作文B:EducationPaysTheabovebarchartclearlyshowsuseducationpaysin2023.Weseethatunemploymentrateofthosewithhighereducationbackgroundismuchlowerthanthosewithlowereducationdegree.Forinstance,theunemploymentrateofcollegestudentswithnodegreeisashighas14.9%whilethatofthosewithdoctoraldegreeisonly1.9%.Thefollowingreason,inmyopinion,isthemostimportantonetoaccountforthisphenomenon.Comparedwiththosewithcomparativelylowereducationdegree,peoplewhohavereceivedhighereducationpossessconsiderablywiderknowledge,moreremarkablelearningandresearchability,greaterinnovationandmostofall,resourcefulsocialnetwork,allofwhichmakethemmorequalifiedandcompetentfortheirtask.Thus,theyarelesslikelytolosetheirjobs.Thisphenomenontellsusthateducationisaworthyinvestment.Therefore,educationinvestmentshouldbestrengthenedwhilewe,ascollegestudents,shouldstudyhardertoavoidunemployment.【标准版点评】第一段:描述图表。先一句话引出图表总体内容Theabovebarchartclearlyshowsus…然后具体描述现象Weseethat…。最后用forinstance引出一些具体数据来例证现象。第二段:分析因素。先写一个引出因素的句子,然后具体列举一到两个因素即可。由于字数限制,因素不必列太多。第三段:给出建议。先是总结这个现象Thisphenomenontellsusthateducationisaworthyinvestment.(教育值得投资)。然后是建议国家增大教育投资,以及个人要努力学习。PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)1.Bshowmanship细节题。这道题的答案相应原文第一句话,从puttingonashow可以推出showmanship。whenitcametoputtingonashow,nobodyelseinthecomputerindustry,oranyotherindustryforthatmatter,couldmatch2.AHeinventedlotsoffunctionalgadgets.细节题。原文第2段第2句话提到了乔布斯突出的三个方面,第三句话明确指出最后一个方面,也就是他在functionalgadgets上的奉献对人们的生活影响最大,对比第二题的选项,应选A3.BHiskeeninterestindesigningelegantanduser-friendlygadgets.细节题。答案在第三段第二句,“obsessedwithproductdesignandaesthetics,andwithmakingadvancedtechnologysimpletouse”。讲到乔布斯痴迷于产品的设计和美学上,以及使高科技简朴易用。4.AOneofthegreatestchiefexecutivesofhistime.细节题。答案在第4段第一句话的后半句“manyofthosecorporategiantsasoneofthegreatestchiefexecutivesofhistime.”所以选A,其他的选项均不对的。5.Daninspiration细节题。答案在第四段第三句话。“isaninspirationtoanybusinessperson”。所以选DHisfallfromgraceinthe1980s,followedbyhisreturntoApplein1996afteraperiodinthewilderness,isaninspirationtoanybusinesspersonwhosecareerhastakenaturnfortheworse.‘6.CHecommandedabsoluteloyaltyfromAppleusers.fanaticalloyalty定位到低段第一句话。所以乔布斯成功最令人震惊的地方在于它获得了苹果用户的绝对忠诚7.DItoriginatesintheconsumermarket.由关键词specialreport定位到第6段第一句,过去创新是从部队和公司实验室再拓展到消费者市场,现在的情况是反过来8.closedandinflexible细节题。由关键词“criticscomplained”定位到第七段第一句,可知空格处应填写“closedandinflexible”。9.combinedAttherecentunveilingofatabletcomputerbyJeffBezosofAmazon,whosecompanyisdoingthebestjoboffollowingApple'sleadincombininghardware,software,contentandservicesinaneasy-to-usebundle,10.reshapingentireindustriesthemagicofcomputing定位到原文最后一段,空格处填reshapingentireindustries.PartIIIListeningComprehensionSectionA11.W:Ijustheardaboutareallybeautifulparkintheeastendofthetown.Therearealotofrosesinbloom.M:Whydon’twewalkoverthereandseeforourselves?Q:Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?答案:C.Gototheparktoenjoytheflowers.点评:对话中女士介绍了一处美丽的公园,男士回答“为什么不去看看呢?”可以判断,接下去两人也许会去这个公12.M:Mypresentationisscheduledfor9:30tomorrowmorningatthelecturehall.Ihopetoseeyouthere.W:Oh,sorry.IwasabouttotellyouthatIhaveanappointmentwithmydentistat9:00o’clocktomorrow.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthewoman?答案:C.Shecannotattendthepresentation.点评:从对话中可知,女士九点要去看牙医,无法参与男士的讲座了。13.W:Howlonghaveyoubeenrunningthiscompany?M:Twentyyearsifyoucanbelievethat.Ibroughtitfromasmalloperationtowhatitistoday.Q:Whatdowelearnabouttheman?答案:B.Heisaverysuccessfulbusinessman.点评:从对话中可知,男士这家公司2023,并且成功把公司从一家小公司发展到了现在大的规模。runv.经营14.M:Haveyoureadthenewsonthecampusnet?Susanhaswonthescholarshipfornextyear.W:Iknewshewouldfromtheverybeginning.Suchabrilliantanddiligentgirl!Shecertainlydeservesit.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?答案:D.ShehaseveryconfidenceinSusan.点评:从对话中可知,女士一直很看好Susan,觉得她肯定能拿到奖学金。sb.deservesit.某人应得的。15.W:TakingabustoMiami,it’scheaperthangoingbytrain.M:That’strue.ButI’dratherpayalittlemorefortheaddedcomfortandconvenience.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?答案:D.ItisworththemoneytakingatraintoMiami.点评:从对话中可知,坐车去迈阿密比火车便宜,但火车更舒适便捷。16.M:Ithinkit’stimewegotridofallthisoldfurniture.W:You’reright.Weneedtopromoteourimagebesidesit’snotarealantique.Q:Whatdothespeakersmean?答案:C.Theoldfurnitureshouldbereplaced.点评:从对话中可知,男士和女士都认为应当把旧家具换掉,以改善形象。对话中有些生词,但不影响对重要含义的把握,可以忽略。getridof解决掉17.M:Thatwassomestormyesterday.HowwasIafraidIcouldn’tmakeithome.W:Yeah,mostoftheroadstomyhousewereflooded.Ididn’tgethomefromthelabuntilmidnight.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?答案:B.Themangothomelateduetothestorm.点评:从对话中可知,昨天有暴风雨,女士紧张自己回不了家,男士直到半夜才回家。18.W:Myboysarealwayscomplainingthatthey’rebored.M:Whydon’tyougetthemintosometeamsports?MysonanddaughterplaysoccereverySaturday.Andtheybothlookforwardtoitallweek.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?答案:A.Thewoman’ssonsmightenjoyteamsports.点评:从对话中可知,男士建议女士可以让自己的儿子们参与一些团队运动,这样他们就不会觉得无聊了。Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheardW:SoJohn,IhearyouandArthurshareajob,don’tyou?M:Yes.We’vesharedasalesjobatSonatechforabouttwoyearsnow.W:Well,howdoyoudivideupyourschedule?M:Youknowwearebothsalesrepresentatives,andwetakeordersoverthephone.Whenwestartedjobsharingitwasdifficult,becausewebothworkedalldayMonday.IworkedTuesdayandThursdayandArthurworkedWednesdayandFriday.TheproblemwasthatwhenIwasintheofficeonTuesday.Iwouldtalktopeople,thentheywouldcallbackonWednesdaywithaquestion.ButArthurcouldn’tanswerthequestionandhecouldn’taskmeaboutitbecauseIwasn’tintheoffice.Sohehadtoaskthepeopletocallmebackthenextday,Thursday.Ofcourse,theydidn’tliketowaituntilthenextdaytohavetheirquestionsanswered.W:Yes,thatsoundslikeaproblem.M:So,finallywedecidedthatArthurwouldworkinthemorningsandIwouldworkintheafternoons.Nowifsomeonecallswiththequestionformeinthemorning,Arthurtellsthemtocallmeintheafternoon.Thisway,peoplegettheirquestionsansweredthesameday.W:Whatdoyoudoaboutvacations?M:Well,Sonatechgivestheusualtwoweeksofvacationtofull-timeemployees,ItakeaweekandArthurtakesaweek.W:Itsoundslikejobsharinghasworkedoutwellforyou.M:Yes,ithas.Wearebothhappywithit.Q19.WhatdoJohnandauthordoatSonatech?答案:C.Takeordersoverthephone.Q20.WhatproblemdidJohnandArthurhavewhentheystartedjobsharing?答案:A.Customers’questionscouldnotbeansweredonthesameday.Q21.WhatdoesJohnsayabouttheirannualvacation?答案:D.Theyeachtakeaweek.点评:本长对话的内容重要是关于合作工作。对话内容相较以往的长对话而言,比较简朴。仍然是重要针对回答问题的人提问,就是对话中的男士。男士一开始重要是谈他们在最初开始合作工作时碰到的问题,接下来谈到问题最终如何得到解决,最后是他和同伴如何轮休年假。当然,对话中公司名称听不懂,形成干扰。仍然要强调的是不能纠结个别词汇,而因小失大。对话中围绕工作的话题词汇有:schedule:(工作)计划,安排;salesrepresentative:销售代表;vacation:假期,休假;full-timeemployee:全职工工。Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheardW:MayIseeyourlicense,please?M:Butofficer,didIdosomethingwrong?W:Doyoumeantosayyoudidn’tseethespeedlimitsignbackthere?M:Um,no,madam,IguessIdidn’t.W:Inotherwords,youdrovebytoofasttoreadit.Thesignsays35m/h.Aschoolisjustnearby,youknow?M:Don’tgetmewrong,butmyspeedometerdidn’treadmuchfasterthanthat.W:Then,whyisitthatmyradarshowedyouaregoing45?Letmeputitanotherway.I’mgoingtogiveyouaticket.Again,mayIseeyourlicense,please?M:Hereitis,officer.Butletmeexplain.IwaslateforanimportantappointmentandIwasworriedthatIwouldn’tmakeitontime.So...W:Uha,justaminute,here.Yourlicenseisnolongervalid.Youshouldhaverenewedittwoweeksago.I’mgoingtohavetowriteyouupforthat,too.M:What?Really?W:Yourlicensebecomesinvalidonyourbirthdayandthatwastwoweeksagoaccordingtothedatehere.Youareinviolationofthelaw—drivingwithoutavalidlicense.M:I’msorry,madam.Ihadn’trealizedthat.W:Here’stheticketfornothavingavalidlicense.ButI’monlygoingtogiveyouawarningaboutexceedingthespeedlimit.Becarefulnexttime.M:Yes,madam,officer,Iwill.Thankyou.Q22.Wherewasthemanstoppedbythepoliceofficer?答案:B.Nearaschool.Q23.Whatdidthemanclaimaboutthespeedlimitsign?答案:A.Hedidnotnoticeit.Q24.Whatdidthewomansayabouttheman’sdrivinglicense?答案:C.Itisnolongervalid.Q25.Whatwastheman’spenalty?答案:B.Hegotaticket.点评:本长对话重要是关于超速被罚。本对话中涉及到较多交通词汇,有一定难度。对话一开始女士作为交警在学校附近逼停超过该路段限速的男士,但男士狡辩自己的速度计(speedometer)并没显示超速;女士再次提出规定审查男士的驾照,发现其驾照已通过期。最后,男士因驾照过期而收到警告。本选材非常生活化,相信大部分考生应当对这一话题并不陌生,通过平经常识也能做出不少判断。本对话中关于交通话题的词汇:speedlimit:限速;giveyouaticket:开罚单;license:执照,驾照;speedometer:n.速度计;里程计。SectionBSinceIstartedworkingpart-timeatagrocerystore,Ihavelearnedthatacustomerismorethansomeonewhobuysomething.Tome,acustomerisapersonwhosememoryfailsentirelyonceheorshestartstopushashoppingcard.Oneofthefirstthingscustomersforgetishowtocount.Thereisnootherwaytoexplainhowsomanypeoplegetintheirexpressline,whichisclearlymarked15itemsorless,with20,25orevenacartloadofitems.Customersalsoforgetwhytheycametothestoreinthefirstplace.JustasIfinishringingupanorder,acustomerwillsay,“Oops,Iforgottopickupafreshloafofbread.Ihopeyoudon’tmindwaitingwhileIgogetit.”Fiveminuteslater,he’sbackwiththebread,abottlek,andthreerollsofpapertowels.Strangeisthatseemscustomersalsoseemtoforgetthattheyhavetopayfortheirgroceries.InsteadofwritingacheckorlookingforacreditcardwhileIamringingupthegroceries,mycustomerswillwaituntilIannouncethetotal.Then,insurprise,shesays,“Ohno,whatdidIdowithmycheckbook?”After5minutesofdiggingthroughherpurse,sheborrowsmypenbecauseshe’sforgottenhers.ButIhavetobetolerantofcustomersbecausetheypaymysalary,andthat’ssomethingIcan’taffordtoforget.Q26.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutcustomers’enteringthegrocerystore?答案:A.Theybehaveasiftheirmemorieshavefailedtotally.Q27.Whichcustomersaresupposedtobeintheexpressline?答案:D.Thosewith15itemsorless.Q28.Whatdoesthespeakersaysomecustomersdowhentheyarriveatthecheck-outcounter?答案:B.Gobackandpickupmoreitems.Q29.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouthisjobattheendofthetalk?答案:A.Itrequirestolerance.点评:本篇短文重要讲述了作者在一家杂货店兼职工作的经历和感受,并深刻地体会到顾客不仅仅是来商店买东西的人。作者认为,当顾客推起一辆购物车时,所有的事情就抛之脑后了。他们不会算计一件商品值多少钱,他们忘了自己来商店要买什么,他们甚至忘掉要为商品付钱,他们不知道东西买够没有就去收银台排队结账,当收银员开始扫顾客的商品时,顾客又会跑回去拿很多商品回来,更需要收银员提醒付钱,但这都是作者作为收银员所应忍受的,由于“顾客是上帝”,这是作者不敢忘掉也是从这次经历中学到的事情。这篇文章基本上没有生僻的词汇,以叙述为主。但是其中有几个短语需要关注:grocerystore意为“杂货店”;ringup意为“用收银机记录收入的钱,收银机扫条形码”;creditcard意为“信用卡”。理解了这些词,对听力的整体理解会有提高。Passage2ThespeechdeliverystyleofEuropeansandAsianstendstobeveryformal.Speakersoftheseculturesoftenreadoralpresentationsfromcarefullyretainmanualscripts.Ontheotherhand,Americanspeakersaregenerallymoreinformalrelativetospeakersandothercultures.Americanaudiencesprefernatural,spontaneousdeliverythatconveysalivelysenseofcommunication.Theydon’trelaywelltospeakerswhoreadfromamanualscript.Ifyouuseanoutlineofyourideasinsteadofapreparetext,yourspeechwillnotonlysoundmorenatural,butyouwillalsobeabletoestablishbetterrelationshipwithyourlistenersandkeeptheirattention.Thelanguageandstyleyouusewhenmakinganoralpresentationshouldnotbethesameasthelanguageinstyleyouusewhenwriting.Wellretaininformation,thatismeanttoberead,doesnotworkaswellwhenitisheard.Itis,therefore,importantforyoutoadaptretaintextsoroutlinesforpresentations.Goodspeakersaremuchmoreinformalwhenspeakingthanwhenwriting.Theyalsousetheirownwordsanddeveloptheirownspeakingstyles.Wheneverpossible,theyuseshortwords.Listenersareappreciatedwhenspeakersusesimple,everydaywordsinapresentation.Oneadvantageisthatitismucheasierforspeakerstopronounceshortwordscorrectly.Anotheristhatlongandsophisticatedvocabularychoicesmakelisteningmoredifficult.Question30to3230.WhatdoesthespeakersayAmericanaudiencesprefer?答案:D.Anaturalandspontaneousstyleofspeech.31.Whatshouldonepayattentiontowhenmakinganoralpresentation?答案:B.Differencesinstylebetweenwritingandspeaking.32.Whatdoesthespeakerfocusoninthetalk?答案:A.Thekeytobecomingagoodspeaker.点评:本篇文章重点分析了成为一名优秀的演讲者的关键因素。欧洲人和亚洲人的演讲风格往往是趋于比较正式的,而美国人的演讲风格是自然、自发、生动地传递表达信息,这也正是听众所喜欢的方式。同时,做口头报告时应注意写作和口语所规定的风格差异,有了这样的结识后,你才干在此后的演讲中运用简短贴近生活的言语表达自己的想法,形成自己的演讲风格,成为一名优秀的演讲者。这篇文章相对简朴,没有出现太难的生词,较容易理解。整个内容就围绕一个主题展开,清楚明了,只要能抓住此主题线索,整篇文章的结构就一目了然了。Passage3Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnbybeingcorrectedallthetime.Ifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Hecomparesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenlanguageasheusesitandlanguageasthosearoundhimuseit.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.Inthesameway,kidslearningtodoalltheotherthingstheylearnwithoutadultteachers,towalk,run,climb,rideabike,playgames,comparetheirownperformancewithwhatmoreskilledpeopledo,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetodetecthismistakes.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethoughthewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohim.Soonhebecomesdependentontheexpert.Weshouldlethimdoithimself.Lethimfigureout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatistheanswertothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisorthat.Ifrightanswersneedtobegiven,asinmathematicsorscience,givehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchtediouswork?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildrenwhentheytellusthattheycan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.Q33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Q33Howdoesachildlearntodosomethingaccordingtothespeaker?答案:D.Bycomparinghisperformancewithothers.Q34Whatbeliefdoteacherscommonlyholdaccordingtothespeaker?答案:C.Childrencannotdetecttheirownmistakes.Q35Whatdoesthespeakerimplyaboutthecurrentwayofteaching?答案:A.Itisunhelpfultostudents’learning.点评:本篇文章重要论述要让孩子们学着自己判断事情。目前的教学方法对学生学习没有什么帮助作用,老师认为学生不能发现他们自己身上的错误,孩子习得一件事情是通过把自己的行为和其别人的行为作对比而来的,而这就逐渐让孩子们失去了自己,变成了其别人,从而慢慢产生依赖感。文章结尾暗示作者对这种教学方法是不赞成的,同时,提出老师的工作是应当帮助孩子们找到对的答案的方法,而不是什么都为他们做好安排好。SectionCTimeis,fortheaverageAmerican,ofutmostimportance.Totheforeignvisitor,Americansseemtobemoreconcernedwithgettingthingsaccomplishedontime(accordingtoapredeterminedschedule)thantheyarewithdevelopingdeepinterpersonalrelations.Schedules,fortheAmerican,aremeanttobeplannedandthenfollowedinthesmallestdetail.ItmayseemtoyouthatmostAmericansarecompletelycontrolledbythelittlemachinestheywearontheirwrists,cuttingtheirdiscussionsoffabruptlytomakeittotheirnextappointmentontime.Americans’languageisfilledwithreferencestotime,givingaclearindicationofhowmuchitisvalued.Timeissomethingtobe“on,”tobe“kept,”“filled,”“saved,”“wasted,”“gained,”“planned,”“given,”“madethemostof,”even“killed.”Theinternationalvisitorsoonlearnsthatitisconsideredveryrudetobelate--evenby10minutes--foranappointmentinAmerica.TimeissovaluedinAmerica,becausebyconsideringtimetobeimportantonecanclearlyachievemorethanifone“wastes”timeanddoesn’tkeepbusy.Thisphilosophyhasprovenitsworth.IthasenabledAmericanstobeextremelyproductive,andproductivityitselfishighlyvaluedinAmerica.ManyAmericanproverbsstressthevalueofguardingtime,usingitwisely,andsettingandworkingtowardspecificgoals.Americansbelieveinspendingtheirtimeandenergytodaysothatthefruitsoftheirlabormaybeenjoyedatalatertime.答案:36.foreign37.Accomplished38.interpersonal39.detail.40.controlled41.Abruptly42.references43.Indication44.itisconsideredveryrudetobelate--evenby10minutes--foranappointmentinAmerica.45.IthasenabledAmericanstobeextremelyproductive,andproductivityitselfishighlyvaluedinAmerica.46.Americansbelieveinspendingtheirtimeandenergytodaysothatthefruitsoftheirlabormaybeenjoyedatalatertime.【点评】本文讨论的是美国人的时间观念。开头提出美国人非常看重时间规划,以至于到了被认为“手表控制人”的地步,接下来从语言角度给出证明,最后又从因素角度解释说明。而在语言角度探讨时,有给出一系列动词,容易出现漏听及注意力分散。同时,utmost,abruptly,reference,philosophy,productivity等较难词汇也会带来一定困扰。空格整体分布较为均匀,除第三段两空间隔较近,第二个容易错过外,其它空填写时间均较为充足。所填词语格式比较重要,如-ed,-s等均是不可漏过的细节。PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionA47.Ntaking48.Dconcern49.Mstop50.Bavailable51.Iprefer52.Lspecify53Ovariety54.Gnationwide55.Fitems56.Ecriteria关于美国一些著名餐公司开始意识到快餐对对其青少年健康的不良影响,并开始采用相应措施改变这一现状。这是美国最近的热门话题,沪江经济学人新闻听写12月16日的的听写内容关于麦当劳的一篇文章与之就是类似的主题。对于考生来说这一话题也并不陌生,从内容上来还是比较容易理解的。47.Ntakeacuefrom固定搭配,表达按…的指点行事。48.Dconcern在快餐在儿童中引起肥胖症的现象受到越来越多关注的背景之下,19家公司宣誓将为儿童提供更多健康的菜单选择,结合上下文可知空格处应填49.Mstop由于上一段刚刚提到快餐引起儿童肥胖的问题获得了越来越多的重视,第2段顺承上面的内容,讲到汉堡王采用的相应措施:将从本月起停止提供儿童快餐里的炸薯条和苏打汽水.所以填。50stillavailable,前面说了将停止提供儿童快餐里的炸薯条和苏打汽水,根据although知道内容上应当是一个转折,所以后面应当是仍然可以买得到。51.这句话涉及到一个比较,whether...or,选项中只有prefer一个课用于比较,所以空格处填prefer.52.specify。这是紧接着上一句的,上面刚刚讲到问顾客是选择套餐时是更喜欢选牛奶还是苹果片,这是一种将顾客的需求具体化53.avarietyof固定搭配,各种各样的。在这句话中是指其他参与将为美国儿童提供更健康的事物的快餐店,也提供各种各样的菜单选择。54.nationwide结合上下文可知,(KidLiveWell)“让孩子们生活的更好”运动应当是全国范围内展开的一场大型运动,所以填。55item通过第三段第一句话的后半句可以看出,儿童的每顿饭中要包含冒号之后部分的食物中的至少两项,所以55空填,指的是后面的选项。56.criteria前面提到的食物都是低脂、第卡路里的健康食物,最后一句中提到在其他的规定中,餐馆提供的附加菜必须满足同样的规定,所以填SectionBAsyouareprobablyaware,thelatestjobmarketsnewsisn’tgood:Unemploymentisstillmorethan9percent,andnewjobgrowthhasfallenclosetozero.That’sbadfortheeconomy,ofcourse.Anditmaybeespeciallydiscouragingifyouhappentobelookingforajoborhopingtochangecareersrightnow.Butitactuallyshouldn’tmattertoyounearlyasmuchasyouthink.That’sbecausejobgrowthnumbersdon’tmattertojobhuntersasmuchasjobturnoverdata.Afterall,existingjobsopenupeverydayduetopromotions,resignations,terminations,andretirements.(Yes,peopleareretiringeveninthiseconomy.)Inbothgoodtimesandbad,turnovercreatesmoreopeningsthaneconomicgrowthdoes.EveninJuneof2023,whentheeconomywasstillhummingalong,jobgrowthwasonly132,000,whileturnoverwas4.7million!Andasitturnsout,eventoday—withjobgrowthnearzero—over4millionjobhuntersarebeinghiredeverymonth.Idon’tmeantoimplythatoveralljobgrowthdoesn’thaveanimpactonone’sabilitytolandajob.It’struethatiftotalemploymentwerehigher,itwouldmeanmorejobsforallofustochoosefrom(andcompetefor).Andit’struethattherearecurrentlymorepeopleapplyingforeachavailablejobopening,regardlessofwhetherit’sanewoneornot.Butwhatoftendistinguishesthosewholandjobsfromthosewhodon’tistheirabilitytostaymotivated.They’rewillingtodothehardworkofidentifyingtheirvaluableskills;becreativeaboutwhereandhowtolook;learnhowtopresentthemselvestopotentialemployers;andkeepgoing,evenafterrepeatedrejections.TheBureauofLaborStatisticsdatashowsthat2.7millionpeoplewhowantedandwereavailableforworkhadn’tlookedwithinthelastfourweeksandwerenolongerevenclassifiedasunemployed.Sodon’tlettheheadlinesfoolyouintogivingup.FourmillionpeoplegethiredeverymonthintheU.S.Youcanbeoneofthem.57.Theauthortendstobelievethathighunemploymentrate______?A)deprivesmanypeopleofjobopportunities.B)preventsmanypeoplefromchangingcareers.C)shouldnotstoppeoplefromlookingforajob.D)doesnotmeantheU.S.economyisworsening.58.Wheredomostjobopeningscomefrom?A)JobgrowthB)JobturnoverC)ImprovedeconomyD)Businessexpansion59.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutoveralljobgrowth?A)Itdoesn’thavemucheffectonindividualjobseekers.B)Itincreasespeople’sconfidenceintheeconomy.C)Itgivesarayofhopetotheunemployed.D)Itdoesn’tmeangreaterjobsecurityfortheemployed.60.Whatisthekeytolandingajobaccordingtotheauthor?A)EducationB)IntelligenceC)PersistenceD)Experience61.WhatdowelearnfromthepassageabouttheunemploymentfiguresintheUS?A)Theyclearlyindicatehowhealthytheeconomyis.B)Theyprovidethepublicwiththelatestinformation.C)Theywarnofthestructuralproblemsintheeconomy.D)Theyexcludethosewhohavestoppedlookingforajob.SB__1答案点评:本篇文章选自TIME周刊的财经板块,原文标题为“WhyJobHuntersShouldn’tWorrySoMuchAboutPaltryJobGrowth”,文章重要表达了这样一种观点,即找工作的人不必太在意官方提供的高失业率,就业增长等数据,因素在于这些并不等说明现实情况,比如:人员更替带来了更多的职位空缺,因此,即便是经济增速缓慢,就业增长为零,仍然还是有很多的职位空缺存在。所以,如作者最后点睛所言,Sodon’tlettheheadlinesfoolyouintogivingup.不气馁不放弃。从整体语言难度来说,文章难度不是很大,财经相关的一些词汇基本都是大家比较熟悉的。并没有出现过高难度的长难句以及词汇,整体理解起来也相对容易。此后大家还应当继续注重一些商务词汇的表达,如jobturnover(人员更替),termination解雇,landjobs找工作,等等。57.解析:本题重点考察作者观点。题干问在作者看来,高失业率怎么样?锁定原文第一段,虽然第一段中的badfortheeconomy,discouraging,changecareers等字眼跟选项ABD当中的词汇很类似,但是要注意的是,真正表达作者观点的是第一段最后一句Butitactuallyshouldn’tmattertoyounearlyasmuchasyouthink。其实高失业率跟你没太大关系。涉及原文最后一段第一句“Sodon’tlettheheadlinesfoolyouintogivingup.”所以,综上所述,它不该给你找工作带来阻碍,引申意思就是该怎么办就怎么办,不要在意官方记录的高失业率。58.解析:本题属于细节考察题。题干问大部分的职位空缺来自于哪里?根据四个选项,可以用排除法将businessexpansion排除,由于原文并未提及。再剩下的三个选项中,根据原文第二段的第一句jobgrowthnumbersdon’tmattertojobhuntersasmuchasjobturnoverdata以及turnovercreatesmoreopeningsthaneconomicgrowthdoes.可以拟定人员更替(turnover)提供了更多的职位空缺,因此答案为Jobturnover。59.解析:本题继续考察作者观点。题干问作者对于整体就业增长(overalljobgrowth)的态度是如何的,可以定位到原文倒数第三段,关键是第一句:Idon’tmeantoimplythatoveralljobgrowthdoesn’thaveanimpactonone’sabilitytolandajob.此处用到双重否认,“我并不是说整体就业增长对一个人找工作没有丝毫影响”,也就是说“有一定影响,但是没有那么大”所以答案是A,而BCD选项的confidence,hope,jobsecurity原文并未提及。60解析:本题属于细节考察题。定位原文倒数第二段第一句Butwhatoftendistinguishesthosewholfromthosewhodon’tistheirabilitytostaymotivated.关键词是staymotivated61.解析:根据倒数第二段的最后一句TheBureauofLaborStatisticsdatashowsthat2.7millionpeoplewhowantedandwereavailableforworkhadn’tlookedwithinthelastfourweeksandwerenolongerevenclassifiedasunemployed.可知答案选D,那一部分人已经被排除掉了,所以失业率这个数据是有水分的。Ourriskofcancerrisesdramaticallyasweage.Soitmakessensethattheelderlyshouldberoutinelyscreenedfornewtumors—ordoesn’tit?Whilesuchvigilant(警惕的)trackingofcancerisagoodthingingeneral,researchersareincreasinglyquestioningwhetherallofthistestingisnecessaryfortheelderly.Withthepercentageofpeopleoverage65expectedtonearlydoubleby2050,it’simportanttoweighthehealthbenefitsofscreeningagainsttherisksandcostsofroutinetesting.ﻫInmanycases,screeningcanleadtoadditionalbiopsiesandsurgeriestoremovecancer,whichcancausesideeffects,whilethecancersthemselvesmaybeslow-growingandmaynotposeserioushealthproblemsinpatients’remainingyears.Butthemessagethateveryonemustscreenforcancerhasbecomesoingrainedthatwhenhealthcareexpertsrecommendedthatwomenunder50andover74stopscreeningforbreastcancer,itcausedariotousreactionamongdoctors,patientsandadvocacygroups.It’shardtouprootdeeplyheldbeliefsaboutcancerscreeningwithscientificdata.Certainly,therearepeopleoverage75whohavehadcancersdetectedbyroutinescreening,andgainedseveralextrayearsoflifebecauseoftreatment.Andclearly,peopleoverage75whohaveotherriskfactorsforcancer,suchasafamilyhistoryorpriorpersonalexperiencewiththedisease,shouldcontinuetogetscreenedregularly.Butfortheremainder,theriskofcancer,whileincreasedattheendoflife,mustbebalancedwithotherfactorslikeremaininglifeexpectancy(预期寿命).Arecentstudysuggeststhatdoctorsstarttomakemoreobjectivedecisionsaboutwhowilltrulybenefitfromscreening-especiallyconsideringtheexplosionoftheelderlythatwillsoonswellourpopulation.It’snotaneasycalculationtomake,butonethatmakesenseforthewholepatient.Dr.OtisBrawleysaid,“Manydoctorsareorderingthesetestspurelytocoverthemselves.Weneedtothinkabouttherationaluseofhealthcareandstoptalkingabouttherationingofhealthcare.”Thatmeansmakingsomedifficultdecisionswithelderlypatients,andgoingagainstthemisguidedbeliefthatwhenitcomestohealthcare,moreisalwaysbetter.62.Whydodoctorsrecommendroutinecancerscreeningforelderlypeople?A.Itisbelievedtocontributetolonglife.B.Itispartoftheirhealthcarepackage.C.Theelderlyaremoresensitiveabouttheirhealth.D.Theelderlyareingreaterd

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