2023年高中英语竞赛书面表达中的高级结构

◆强调句:可以轻松地将时间、地点、因素、方式等类型的状语从句转变为强调句。ＩtwaｓｎｏtｕnｔilＩarｒｉvedｈomｅｔhatIｒｅalizｅdＩhadlefttheｂagonthｅshoｐcouｎｔｅr．ItwaｓtｈｅnthaｔＩrｅalizｅdtｈｅiｍpｏrtａｎceofＥnｇlish.◆倒装句:只要句中有介词短语或状语从句,便可将其提前,变成倒装句。OｎlｙwｈenItｕｒｎeｄrighｔａtｔｈｅcｒossingdidｔhatcarcrackｔowａrdsmｅ.Onｌｙbyｔhｉsｍeansｃａnheescａｐeｆromｔhebiｇfｉｒe．◆ｗitｈ引导的随着结构:可以将状语从句或并列句中的其中一个分句变成ｗｉtｈ结构。Witｈｔhesｕnlｉｇhｔｉｎgbrightlyanｄｔｈｅbｉrｄssｉｎｇｉngｃlearly,IweｎtｔｏschoolinｈigｈspiｒｉtｓＨealwaysliｋestｏsｌｅepｗiｔhtｈewinｄｏｗｓoｐen.◆巧妙地使用非谓语动词：可以将状语从句或并列的动词简化为非谓语动词。Heariｎgthａt,thedriｖer’swifeqｕicklyadｄedtｈａthｅrhuｓbａnｄoftenｔalkednｏnｓｅnｓeａfteｒｄrｉｎkｉng．（低档形式:Whenheｈｅａrdthａt，……)◆恰到好处的被动句:适合应用于较简短的句子，这样显得语言简洁生动,宾语一般是nothing、ａnｙｔｈｉnｇ、evｅrｙｔhinｇ等不定代词。Ｓearcheｄallmyｐoｃｋeｔs,butnｏｔhｉnｇｗasfouｎｄ。◆感慨句:通常用于开头结尾活跃文章气氛,凡是“Ifeeｌ……”之类表达感情的句子皆可如此改造。HｏｗｔerribｌｅIfelttodａy！Ifailｅｄagainintｈｅｍatｈeｘaｍ.◆高级定语从句:若定语从句中的动词带有介词,只需将介词移至先行词后。Ｗecaｍetｏapｌａceｔｏwｈichthｅｙｈadｎevｅrpａidaviｓiｔｂefoｒe.◆进行时态:有时会具有一定情绪,特别要使用alwayｓ这样的富含感情色彩的副词。ＩamalwayｓｆeelinｇterriｂｌｅｗｈeｎIｔａkeabｕｓ.◆婉转表达:需要使用风趣的技巧,重要用于漫画型作文题。ＩcouldｆinｄｎothiｎｇbuｔbａdｌｕckwhenIｒeｔｕrnｅdthｅshopafterlearninｇthaｔmyhaｎdｂagｈaｄｂｅｅnleftonthecoｕnｔer.◆whａｔ引导的名词性从句：将动宾结构转化为此结构。Ｗhaｔhｅgaveｍe,wｈicｈIknｅｗ,weｒｅnotoｎlyaＣhristｍasｐrｅｓeｎtbutａlｓoahｅartｆｕｌloflｏveanｄamiｎｄｏｆmｙｅｘistｅnceiｎit．◆“数词+名词”变为“aｓｍanｙaｓ＋数词＋名词”。Ａsmａnyaｓtｅｎyｅarsagｏ,myhoｍｅtowｎuｓｅdtobeｃovｅｒedｂｙｆorests◆适当加一些不关痛痒的插入语:一些连词、副词可以放到句子中间充当语气较弱的插入语，如Ｉgueｓｓ、hｏweｖer、iｎａway、ｃerｔainly、inｍyopｉnioｎ、prｏbablｙ、ｂriefｌｙ,genｅｒａllyspｅakｉｎg，bｅlievｅitoｒnｏt,besides,wｈaｔ’sｍorｅ等，有时可以考虑几个插入语连用，就更像英美人士的文章了。◆独立主格：将主从句去掉连词,前句动词变为分词即可。Tｈewｅatheｒbeiｎｇｆinｅ,alａrgｅnumｂerofｐｅoｐlｅｗeｎｔtoｃlimｂtｈｅWｅsternＨｉlｌｓ.◆把简朴句改成复合句:适当的时候把两个简朴句改成“too…．to…”或者“ｓo…ｔhａt…”等高级一点的复合句。例如:Iwａsvｅｒyｔiｒed.Iｃouldn’tkeｅpｕｐｗiｔｈtｈeｍ.我们可以改成:IｗassotｉｒedｔhatIｃouldn’tkｅepｕpwiththem.或:Iwaｓtｏoｔireｄｔokeｅpuｐｗiｔhｔｈem．这样一来，英语基础不是很好的学生只要可以写出最基本的句子,然后再对这些句子进行加工、改造、润色,慢慢的,就会让句子靓起来,在高考中就可以得到比较满意的成绩。一.高级词汇1.occuｒ替换thiｎｋoｆSuddｅｎlyIhadａｎidｅathatｓoｍeｏｎehaｄｂroｋｅniｎｔoｍｙhｏuｓｅ.→Anｉdｅａoｃｃurreｄtoｍeｔhａtsomeoｎeｈadbroｋｅnｉntｏmyhoｕsｅ.Iｔoｃcurreｄtomethaｔｓｏｍeonehadbｒokeｎｉｎtomyhoｕse．2．devoｔe替换ｓpendHesｐenｄｓallhisspaｒetimｅinｒeaｄinｇ.→Heｄevoｔｅｓallhｉｓｓpａretｉmｅtoreａｄｉng．3．ｓｅek替换wａｎt/lｏoｋforTｈeysouｇhｔ(wanted)ｔohｉｄethemsｅlｖesbｅhｉndｔｈｅtrees.4．ａverage替换ｏｒdiｎａｒｙＩ’manａｖｅragｅ（ordinaｒy)studenｔ.5.but替换veｒyＴhｅｆilmｗeｓawlaｓｔnightwasveryiｎｔerｅsting.→Thefiｌmwｅｓａｗｌastniｇhtwasnothｉｎｇbutinterｅstiｎｇ．Thefilmｗesawlasｔnigｈtwasanyｔhｉｎgbｕtbｏrｉｎｇ．6.sｅat替换ｓitＯｎhiswａyｔｏschooｌ,hefoundanoldladｙｓeated（ｓiｔtiｎg)bytheroａd,ｌookingworried．7．sｕpｐｏse替换shouldHｅissｕppｏseｄto（ｓhｏuｌd)ｈaveｄrｉｖenｍorｅｓlowly.8.apｐreｃiatｅ替换tｈanｋThａnkyouveｒyｍuchfoｒyｏuhelｐ.→Weaｐpｒeｃiａteｙourhelｐverｙmuch.／Yourｈeｌpismuchａppreciａted.9.thecasｅ替换trueIｄon’ttｈiｎkitisｔｈecase(ｔrｕｅ)．10．oｎ替换assｏｏnａsＡssoｏnasheａｒｒiｖｅd,ｈebeganｈiｓresearｃｈ．→Ｏnｈｉｓａrｒｉval,hｅbeｇanhｉsresｅａｒch.．11.duetｏ替换bｅcａuseoｆＨｅarｒivedlateｄuetｏ（bｅｃaｕsｅｏf)thestｏｒｍ．1２.cｏｖer替换ｗａｌk/rｅadＡftｅｒｃoｖｅrｉng(ｗalｋing）１0mileｓ,ｗeallｆelｔtｉred.13.coｎtriｂｕtｅｔo替换ｂｅhｅｌpful/usｅfｕlPlｅntｙoｆｍeｍｏryworkiｓｕndouｂtedlｙhelｐfｕltoEnｇlishstudｙ．→ＰlentｙｏfｍｅmｏrｙworkwiｌｌuｎdoubtｅdlyｃontｒiｂutｅtｏEｎｇliｓhstudy.1４.rｏuｎｄthecｏrｎer替换ｃｏｍｉnｇsoon／nｅarby①Thｅsｕmmerｖacatioｎisrｏundthecｏrneｒ（cominｇ).Ｄoyouhavｅaｎyplaｎs？②ＬｉＭinｇｓｔuｄiｅsinaschｏoｌroundtｈecｏｒｎeｒ（nｅａｒby).１５．coｍeｔｏliｇhｔ替换discovｅrThｅｆamiｌｙweｒeｓoｐlｅasedｗheｎｔheydｉｓcoveredthelｏstjeｗelｓ．→Thｅfamiｌyｗeresoplｅasedwhentheloｓｔｊeｗeｌｓｃameｔｏligｈｔ．16.haｖｅａbaｌl替换ｈａｖeaｇoｏdtimｅ／eｎjｏyｏnｅselfAftｅrviｓiｔingthewｏrkｓhop,ｗewｅntｂacｋtoｓchooｌ．Ｅveryoｎeofushadａbａll(ｈａdagｏoｄtime).17.coｍeuｐwiｔh替换ｔｈiｎkofJａckiｓｖeｒyｃlｅｖer.Heoｆteｎcｏmesｕpｗｉtｈ（thinksｏｆ)neｗｉdeas.18.sｅtasidｅ替换saveＳomｅｓｔuｄeｎｔstｈinkｔｈattｈｅyshoｕldsｅtａsｉdesomｅofｔｈｅｉｒpｏckeｔmonｅyforboｏｋs.(202３天津卷)19.beof+ｎ.替换aｄj．Tｈeｐrｏduｃｔsareofhigｈquality（vｅryｇｏod）andａrｅｓoldｅvｅｒywhereinChｉｎａ.２0.rｅｆeｒｔo替换ｔａｌkaboｕｔ／ｏf,menｔioｎＴheprofｅsｓoｒｙoｕｒeｆｅrredｔo(ｔaｌｋeｄａbout)iｓvｅｒyfamouｓ．２1.cａnnoｔｂut/ｃａnnotheｌpbｕt替换hａvｅtoｄｏIcｏulｄnｏtｂut(haｄto)ｇohｏme．22．ｍoreofｔeｎthaｎnot替换uｓｕalｌyMoｒeｏfｔｅnｔhａnnｏｔ（Uｓuaｌｌｙ)，ｔｈemeaningofmaｎywoｒdscａnbeeａsｉlyguesｓｅｄ．2３．ｌest替换sotｈat/inorｄｅｒｔｈatIwroｔｅdownhiｓtｅlepｈｏneｎumberｓotｈａtIwｏuｌdnotｆoｒgｅtit.→ＩwroｔｅdownhisteｌeｐｈｏnｅnumbｅrlestI(sｈｏuld)foｒgetit.２4.bｅlｏngforsth.／belongtodosｔh．替换wanｔｔodｏsth．／ｗiｓｈｆｏrＩｗａnttｏseeｙouveｒｙmuch．→Iａmloｎgtｏsｅeｙｏu.２５.bｅcaughtｕｐin/ｂeｃrａｚｙabout／beabsｏrｂeｄiｎ/ｂeadｄｉcｔedto替换ｂｅiｎtｅｒesｔeｄinHeｉscaughtｕpiｎ(ｖｅryｉnteｒｅｓteｄiｎ)collｅｃｔｉｎgｓtａmps.26.mｏrｅtｈａn替换ｖeｒｙ①I’mvｅrygｌadtｏleａrnthatyｏuarｅcominｇinSｅｐｔembｅr.→Ｉ’mｍorethａnglａdtolｅａｒnthａtyouａrｅcｏｍｉｎgｉnSｅptemｂer．(NMET2０23）②ＩfｔｈｅrｅisanythiｎｇＩcandoforyou,Iｗouldbｅmoｒetｈａngladtｏhｅlp.(2023全国卷)27.pｅrｆeｃt(ｌｙ）替换gｏｏd/verｙwelｌHespｅaksｐerfｅcｔ（good）Englｉsh./HeｓpeａｋｓＥnglｉｓhｐｅrｆｅctly(verｙｗelｌ)．２８．dｏsba/thｅfavoｒ替换hｅｌpWoｕldyouplｅaseｄｏmethefａｖor(hｅｌpmｅ)ｔｏｔurndoｗｎｔｈerａdｉｏ?29.theoｔherdａｙ替换ａｆｅｗｄaｙsagoＴheｏtheｒdayｍyｂroｔherandIweｎttothecinemabyｂicycle．(NMＥT１９９7)30.ｉnthecｏｕrｓｅof替换ｄurinｇIｎｔｈecourｓｅof（Durinｇ）ｔｈemｏuｎtain-cｌiｍbinｇ,ｐleａsehelｐeａcｈothｅｒanｄpaｙｓｐeｃｉalａttentiｏntｏyourｓａｆｅty．31．themajorityof替换moｓｔＴhemajoritｙof(Ｍoｓtof)theｉnteｒviｅweespreferwatｃhingＴVathometoｇoｉｎｇtｏｔｈｅcinema.3２．cｏnsｉstof替换bｅｍadｅupｏfOｕrclａssconsｉstsof(ｉsmaｄeupoｆ)5０stuｄents.33.bｅwornｏut替换betirｅd／broｋen①Ａftｅrfivｅhourｓ’nｏn-sｔoｐｗork,wewerｅallｗｏrｎout(ｔｉｒｅd).②Myｓｈｏesａrｅwｏrｎoｕt(bｒoｋen).Pｌeaseｂuymｅaneｗpair.34.ｂecｏmeｏf替换ｈappeｎWｈａtｄothinkhasbecoｍｅｏf(ｈａpｐenedtｏ)ｈim?35．atteｎｄｔｏ替换ｌoｏkafter36.onｃｏnｄｉtionｔhat替换aｓlonｇａs3７.neｖｅｒｔｈeｌess替换ｈｏｗeveｒ3８.eｘprｅsｓｏｎe’ｓsaｔisｆactｉonｗitｈ替换beｓatｉsｆiedwitｈ３９.sparenoeffｏｒtstｏdｏ替换trｙｏne’sbesｔtoｄｏ40．maｎｙa替换ｍany４1.ｂerushedoffoｎe’sfeeｔ替换beｂusyindｏing４2.aｈandfulof替换ａｌittｌｅ／some4３.ｍｅanwhilｅ替换ａttｈesａmeｔiｍｅ４4.getｔooｎｅ’ｓfｅet替换ｓtａndｕp45．bｅnｅａth替换uｎｄer46．ocｃaｓｉonally替换ｓomeｔimｅｓ/oｎｃeiｎｗｈiｌe47.fｏrinｓtaｎce替换fｏrexample４8．sｅlｄｏm替换noｔｏfｔen4９.wｅalｔhy替换ｒｉｃｈ５0．ａmａｚing替换ｓｕrpriｓing51．ａsａmatｔeroｆfaｃt替换infacｔ二．高级句型结构◆It句型①Ｉtwillbe+ｓomｅtime+bｅfore…Itwon’tbeｌｏngbｅfｏreｈumaｎｓvisｉttｈeMars.②Ｉｔｉs+ａdj．／n.+ｆoｒsbtoｄｏsth.Ｉtiｓveryimpoｒｔaｎtｆｏruｓｔolearｎｃoｍｐuterwell,ｂｅcａuseiｔhａsｃhanｇedｏurlｉｆｅｓomuｃｈ.HｅsaidsｉncｅitwａｓanewｍodｅｌｉnＣhina，itwａsｉｍpossibｌｅtofiｘｉtwitｈouｔtherightｓpａrepａrｔｓ.(２０23年湖北卷)③Ｉtis＋被强调部分+ｔhat…１)IｔiｓwhatYaｎgＬiwｅｉhaｓdｏnethatencouragesｕsaｌｏt．2）Tｈoｓewｈolｉｋerｅａdｉnｇeｘｔensiveｌysayitiｓthｒｏughrｅａｄiｎｇthaｔwegｅｔoｕrｋnowlｅdｇe．◆ｍore…thａnａnｙotｈer表达最高级Ａmｏｎgtheoptioｎａｌcｏｕrseｓ,spｏkeｎＥｎgｌishａndcｏmｐuterstudyarｅｍorepopularthaｎａnyｏneelse．◆名词从句①Itｗｏuｌｄｍeａnaｇreａｔdeａｌtoｍｅtolistentoｔhetapeaｎdｌｅarnwhaｔiｓｃovｅｒedｉnthetａlk.（202３全国卷Ⅲ）②Myhometownisｎolonｇerwhatituｓedｔoｂe.◆(非限制性）定语从句①ＴhｅfｌaｔisinabuｉｌdｉｎｇoｎＦanｇcaoStreｅｔ．ItisnoｔfarfrｏmJianｘiｎChｉneseScｈool.→ＴｈeflaｔisinａbｕildiｎｇonFanｇcaｏStreｅｔ,whichｉsnotfarfrｏmＪｉａｎxiｎ②Ｉtwasquｉteａnexpeｒｉｅnｃｅfｏrusboth,ｗｈｉｃｈI’ｌlneveｒforｇetfｏｒtheｒestofmylife.（20２3北京卷）◆分词结构①Ｉdｏn’tknｏwabｏutoｔhers,butIｕsｅｄtｏhaｖｅtoｗoｒkeｖenatwｅｅｋendsdｏinｇenｄlｅｓshｏmeworkａndattendｉngclａｓsesａswｅlｌ.(NMET2023）②We’llmostlｙｓｔａyａtｈomeinｔhｅeｖenｉnｇwatｃｈｉngTＶ,ｐlａyｉnｇgaｍｅｓ,aｎdｍeeｔｉngｐeople.（２０２３全国卷Ⅱ)③Hｅaｒinｇｔhiｓ,ａfewｐeoplebegａntorunaｆtｅrhｉｍ.（2023辽宁卷）＝4\*ＧB3④BoｒｎｉnAmerｉcan,TｈoｍaｓＥdiｓoｎwaｓａｇrｅａtscientistaｎdｉｎventor.（２023年湖南卷)◆ｗiｔｈ结构①Aｔｅｒｒiｂlｅａｃｃiｄenthappenedｙeｓterday,ｗithniｎｅpeｏｐｌekilleｄandａlｍosteightyinｊｕrｅｄ.②Ｈewascaｒｒｙingabeｄroｌlaｎdalarｇｅbagoｎｈｉsshｏuｌder，withalａrｇeｓuiｔcaｓeinhｉsleｆthanｄ.◆倒装句①Thelｉbraryisｔｏｔheeastoｆｔheteachingbｕｉlding．→Eaｓtofｔheteａcｈiｎgbｕildiｎgisｔhelibraｒy.②Alｔhoughwearetireｄ，wearｅhａｐｐy.→Tｉredａｓwｅａre,wearehaｐpｙ.③Onlｙiｎｔhisｗａyｃaｎｈegrowtobeaｕsefulmａn．(20２3上海卷）=４\＊GＢ３④Mayallyｏｕrdｒeamscometrｕe！Mayoｕrｆｒｉeｎdｓhipｌaｓｔtilltｈｅｅｎdｏｆtheuｎiverse.!（２0２3年湖南卷)◆被动语态①Ｏｐiｎiｏｎｓａｒｅｄｉviｄedoｎｔｈequestiｏn.(NMＥT2023)②Allclasｓeｓａretaugｈtbytｅachｅｒｓwiｔhrｉｃｈexperienｃｅinｔeａchingfｏreｉgnsｔudｅnts.(20２3全国卷Ⅳ)③Neｗfａｃtｏries，ｈousesandroadｓhavebｅenbｕｉｌｔ.（2023江苏卷)◆巧妙的改写(1）.Oｎｌy改成nooｎebｕtOnlｙTomｐasseｄtheeｘａmlasｔweｅｋ.→NoonｅｂuｔＴoｍpassｅdｔheｅｘam．（２）.aｓｓｏonas…改成Nｏｓoonｅｒ…ｔｈaｎ…/Harｄlｙ…when…/Immeｄｉaｔｅｌｙ…／TｈｅmomenｔNｏsoｏｎerhadwｅaｒｒｉveｄatｔｈeｃinemａｔhａｎtheｆｉｌｍｓｔａｒteｄ.（3).ｈavesｂ／sthdo／doneTｈegｉrlwasknocｋｅdｏffｈeｒbiｃyｃlｅanｄhadherleｇｂroｋen(heｒlegwasｂｒoken．).(４)．变换插入语的位置①However，ｔｈｅyｓuｇgeｓtfeessｈoｕｌdbechａrgedlｏｗ．→Theｙsuggest,hｏwever,ｆeesshouldｂｅchａｒgedｌow．(NMＥT2０2３）②Itｈｉｎｋｔhisｉsａgoodchａｎｃeforyoｕtosｈoｗyｏursingingtａｌｅnｔ，ａｎdhowwellyou’ｖelearnedＣhinese．→Thiｓiｓａgooｄｃｈancefoｒyｏu，Ｉｔhｉｎk,ｔosｈoｗyourｓiｎgｉngtａlent,aｎdhｏwweｌｌｙｏu’vｅlｅarneｄChｉｎeｓe.（２０2３全国卷Ⅰ)(5).用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Ｍｅimei,wｈｏiｓsｅvenyｅarsold,hasbeenｌeａｒｎingtｏｒiｄeabicyｃｌｅｆｏｒsｅveraldaｙｓ.→Meiｍeｉ，ａｇirloｆｔhiｒｔeeｎ,ｈａsbeenlｅarｎingtoｒiｄeabｉｃyｃlｅforｓevｅraldaｙs．(２０23上海卷)Ｓｈaｋespeａｒe,aｓｏnfｒoｍａpooｒfaｍily,ａmanofｌitｔleｅdｕcatioｎ，wroｔeplaysandpoemｓthａtａreｒeａdalloｖｅrtｈewoｒld．（2０23年湖南卷)◆其它(１）注重句子的开头①用wiｔｈ复合结构开头Ｗｉtｈthesｕnseｔtingiｎｔheｗest,weｈadtowａvegｏo