2023年合肥中学面向全省自主招生考试科学素养测试英语试卷及答案解析

合肥16８中学2023年面向全省自主招生考试《科学素养》测试英语试卷第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节 阅读理解(共１5小题;每小题２分,满分30分)（ABCAAjoblessmanwantedｖeｒｙmucｈｔobeaｎ“officeboy”atＭicrosoｆt.Theｍａnaｇerintｅrｖiewedhｉmandｔhenｗａｔchedhimcleaningtheflｏorａsaｔest.“Youhaveｐaｓsedｔheteｓt.”hｅｓaid．“Givｅｍeyoure-mａiｌａddressaｎdI'ｌｌｓeｎｄyouthefｏrm(表格)tofｉllinandthedatewhｅｎｙｏｕmaｙｓtａrｔ.”Themanｒepｌiｅｄ．“ButIdoｎ'ｔｈａveacoｍｐuｔer,ｎeitｈerane-maiｌ.”“I'mｓoｒry,”sａidtｈｅmanaｇer．“Ｉｆyoudon'thaveane－maｉl,tｈatmeaｎｓyｏuaｒenotlivinｇ.Anｄaｎyoｎewhoisn'tliviｎgcanｎoｔhavｅthejob．”Tｈeｍanleftｗithnｏhopeａtall.Hｅdidn'tkｎoｗwｈaｔtoｄｏｗitｈｏnｌy$10inhispocket.Hetｈoughtandｔｈｏuｇｈt.Thenｈewenttotheｓupeｒmarkｅｔaｎｄｂｏuｇｈｔ10kiloｓoｆｔomaｔoes.Hesｏｌdthｅｔomａtoesfroｍdｏortodoor．Inｌessthantwohours,hehaｄ２0dｏlｌaｒｓ.Heｄidthisａgainａndagainｆorthreetiｍes,ａndｓｔaｒｔedtoｇoeａrlyeveryday,ａndreturnedhomelate．Atlast,heｈadhisownfleetoｆdｅlｉｖeryvｅhiｃｌes(运货车队).Fｉveyｅarslaｔer,theｍaｎwａsｏneoftｈebigｇｅstｆｏodreｔaｉlｅｒs(零售商)ｉntheUS.Oneｄａｙ,oｎｅofhｉｓｆｒiｅndｓaｓkｅdhiｍforｈise－ｍail.Hesaid,“Ｉhavｅn'tgotoｎe.”Hisｆriｅndcouldn'ｔｂeｌievｅｈｉseaｒs.“Ｃaｎyouimaｇinewhatyoｕcｏuldhａveｂeenifyouｈａdａne－mail?”Thｅmaｎthoughtforaｗhileａndｒepliｅｄ,“Yｅs,I'dｂeanｏfｆiｃeｂｏyatMｉcｒoｓｏｆt!”Whａtｄidｔhｅmandofoｒthetｅsｔ?A.Hesenｔe－mａｉls. B.ＨediｄtｈeclｅaningC.Hｅsoｌdcompuｔｅrｓ．ﻩ Ｄ.Heｆｉllｅdinformｓ.２.Themandｉdn'ｔgetｔheｊｏbｂecaｕseheﻩ.Ａ.dｉslikｅｄsuchａjobﻩB.didn＇ｔpassthetesｔC.didn＇ｔｈａveaｎｅ-mａil 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.Ａ．B.Ｄ．ﻩfｉndaｗaytomａｋebluｅｒoseｓ．ChinｅseｓciｅnｔiｓｔsＡｕstraｌianｓcientiｓｔsＡmｅricanscieｎｔiｓtsＪaｐanesefarmｅｒsWhichofｔｈｅfｏllowinｇistrue?Superｒicecankeｅｐitselffｒominsｅcｔs.Bｌuerosｅsａｒeｍorｅｂｅautｉｆulthanrｅdonｅｓ.Thetｏｍatoescaｎｆightmａnyｋｉndsｏｆdｉｓeasｅs.Thesquaｒｅｗaｔermeｌonscostleｓｓtｈanordｉｎaryones.Ｔhemａiｎideaofthispassａgｅisﻩ.howscｉeｎtistｓｄiscovernewｐlａntｓhowscienceｍａkespｌaｎtsproｄucemoreｈowscｉｅncehascｈangｅdplａｎtｓanｄpeople'sｌiveshowｔeｃhnoloｇymakｅｓourｗorldmoreｂeａｕtifulCI’vebeenlivingiｎChinaforawhile—loｎgenougｈtoｏbseｒveｔhｅloｎg-teｒmdeteriｏｒatｉon(退化)ofmyｏwnｎativelａnguagｅａbilities,ａswｅllasthosｅofmyfelｌowEnｇlｉshｓpeakers.Thisｄｅｔerioｒａtioncantaｋeｄifｆerentforms,oｎeofwhichｉstｈenon-standarｄusageofｔｈeworｄs.Iｔｓsourceis,ｓpecificａlly,Ｃhinｅsecｕlture，aｎｄitsｔaｒgetiｓnatiｖeＥnｇlishsｐeaｋers．ＢｅｌowIｇivesoｍeofｔhｅcommonwaｙstｈａtｔheCｈｉnesｅｅnviｒｏｎmeｎtstrikｅsdownthｅnatｉvesｐｅaker’sｌａｎguageａbiliｔy.Netbaｒ：InCｈineｓe,ｔhey’reｃaｌleｄ“网吧”,Ｔhisｉsfinｅ.WegenｅrａｌlycａlｌｔhemIntｅrnetcafé”inEｎｇｌish.TheChineseseemｔotｈinkｔhat“网吧”sｈouldbetrａnslaｔedaｓ“nｅtbａr”inＥｎgｌｉsh,ａnｄmaｎyｃａrelｅssｆｏreignerｓｈaveevenｂeeｎmislｅdbythｉｓidea.Nameｃarｄ:InｔheEｎglｉｓh-ｓｐeakingworld，ｂuｓinesｓpｅoplehaｖeｌotsoｆbusineｓsmｅｅtiｎgstｏｄiscusｓbusinesｓ.Ontｈeseoccaｓions,bｕsineｓspeoｐｌeｅｘchaｎgｅspecialｌyprinｔeｄpｉｅｃesofpａｐerkｎｏwnasbusinesscardｓ．InChinａeｖerｙｏnecallstｈem“ｎamecards”，bｅcauseｉnChinｅsｅtｈeｙarecａlｌeｄ“名片”anｄ“nａｍecard”isamoreｄｉrｅｃttraｎｓlatiｏｎ．Bｅancｕrd:Ｉt’ｓcalled“tofｕ，”OＫ!ThｉsEnglisｈwordcｏmesfromChiｎese.IknowaｌldictiｏnａrｉesｓolｄｉnChinawilltelｌｙoｕ“豆腐”is“bｅancｕrd”ｉnＥｎglisｈandthatmaｙｒｅpresentthｅtwｏchａrａｃteｒｓniｃｅly,but“beancuｒd”iｓｍoreａdefinitiｏnthaｎaｃｏmｆorｔａbletranｓlａtion.Anｄｙｅtｓomefｏｒeigｎersｓtartｓayｉng“beaｎcurd”ratherthantｏfu.Dｅploraｂlｅ(可悲的)!Iｔhinkｙouseethepattern．TｈｅｎｏrmalnativｅwａｙｏfｓaｙingsomethingiｓrepｌacedｂyaｍｏｒeｕnｎatuｒalｗayｏｆsayiｎgitusingｏtｈｅｒEｎglｉshwords．Ifｙou’veｂeenｌivinｇinChinafoｒawhｉlｅandfinｄyｏurselfuｓｉngalloftｈese,yｏuｍigｈtbｅondaｎgeｒoｕsｇｒound．Ｙoｕ’reｇｏingtoｓｔarｔmakingafoｏlofyoｕｒsｅlfbackhｏｍe.Lookout!ResistChinｇliｓhatｔemｐtsaｔdｅstroｙiｎgｙｏurowncｏｍｍａndｏｆyoｕrmoｔhertｏｎgｕe！Whｉchｏｆthefoｌloｗｉngeｘpreｓsionｓismｏreｎａtive?Ａ.Beancurｄ Ｂ.Tｏfｕ C.Ｎａｍｅcarｄ D.Nｅt１０.Ｈｏｗdoesｔhewｒｉtersupporｔhismainidｅa?A.BｙcoｍpariｓoｎﻩB.ByeｘａｍｐlesC．ByreaｓonｉngﻩD.Ｂｙreｆutatioｎ（辩驳)Wｈａtisｔhemaｉｎcａuｓeoｆtｈenoｎ-sｔandａrduｓagｅofthewｏrｄsｂｙnativeEｎglｉshsｐｅａｋeｒs?CｈiｎｅｓｅcｕlｔｕreChｉneｓetrａditionEngｌishｆｌexｉbiｌiｔy(灵活性）ＣhｉneseｐollutedenｖiｒｏnmentThementｉonedChingliｓｈwoｒｄｓarecｒｅａtedintheway A．thatｉsgeｎeraｌlｙacｃeptedbynaｔiｖeEｎgｌisｈspeａｋerｓthatisoｆｔenmiｓuｎdｅｒstoｏｄbynativｅEngｌishｓpeａkｅrｓthatsoundｓｒeａｓonａblｅtonaｔiｖeＥｎgｌishspeakerｓtｈatsoundsｎaturaltosomeＣhinｅseＤLｉeinｂｅd,ｂyaｎｏpenwｉndow,andｌisteｎ…“Noaiｒcｏndｉtionｉｎｇ?Hｏwｃａnｙousleep?”ａfｒiendａｓkｓ，ｈｏｒrｉfied.Ｉteｌlhermyfamilyhasdecidedtoshuttheａirｃoｎｄitioneroffandｒedｕceｏｕrｅlectｒiｃbｉll．Onthｉｓfirstniｇhtofｏurcost-ｃｕttingadventｕrｅ,iｔ＇sｏｎly85ｄegrees.We＇renｏｔgoｉｎgtosｕfｆer，buｔｔhｅthrｅｅｋiｄｓｃomplainaｎyway．Ｔhey'veｇroｗnupin７２-dｅgreeｃｏmfort,pｒoteｃtedfrｏmthewoｒldoｕtside.“It'stoohｏttｏsleeｐ,”my13-yｅar-ｏｌddaｕghtercｏｍplaiｎs.“I’maboutｔodｉeｆｒｏｍthｉsheａt,”heｒbｒothercomplaiｎsdowntｈehaｌl.“Ｊusttrｙiｔtoniｇhｔ,”Itelｌtｈem.IntrutｈI'mtｏｏtｉrｅdtoａrｇueforｌonｇ.Myfacｅissｗeaｔy，ｂutIｌiｅquietlyliｓtｅningtothecｒicketchoirs(合唱)oｕtsidethaｔremindmｅofｃhilｄｈood.Thenｅighboｒ＇sdｏghowls.Probａblyapasｓinｇsｑuｉｒreｌ.It'sbeｅnyearssｉnceＩ'vｅtaｋentheｔimetoｒｅａllylistｅntotｈｅnight.IthiｎｋaboｕtGrandｍa,ｗholivedto9２aｎdstillhｅｌpｅdwｉｔhmyMom'sgarｄｅninｇｕntilｊustafｅｗweeksbefoｒeshｅdied.Ａｎdtheｎ，Ｉ＇mｂackthereａtｈｅrhouseｉnｔhesummerhｅatoｆmyｃhildhooｄ.ImovemypiｌlｏwｔoｔhefｏotｏfＧranｄma＇sbｅdandaｎgｌemyfａcetowardtｈeopenwiｎdｏw.Ituｒｎtｈeｐillow,ｈuntingfortｈeｃoｏlｅｒside.Ｇrandmaｓeｅsmｅtｕrnoｖerａndover.“Ｉfyou'lｌｊustwatｃhfｏrｔｈebreeze(清风)，”shesaｙs,“yｏu＇llcoolｏffandfallasleep.”ShecrａｎksuptheVeｎｅtianｂlｉnｄs(百叶窗).Ｉｓtareaｔｔheｆiｌmyｗhiｔｅcurtain,williｎｇｉtｔｏｍove.Ｌｙingstｉll,waiting,Iuddenlynoticetｈｅlifｅｏutｓiｄethewｉｎdow．Theｂugchorus.Neｉｇhbors,porｃh-sｉｔtｉnglate,speａkinunclｅａrwordstｈaｔcａｌmme.“Mom,didyｏｕhearthat？”myseven-year-oｌdsｏncｒies.“Ithinkitwａsanowlｆamilｙ.”“Ｐrobaｂly,”Iｔｅllhim.“Ｊｕｓｔkｅepｌiｓtenｉng…”Ｗithouttheｗｏｒkｉngaｉｒｃoｎｄitionｅr,ｔhehｏuｓeiｓoddlｙpｅacｅｆul,anｄｔｈｅuｎfilterｅd(未过滤的)nigｈtnoｉseｓseemcloseenougｈtotouｃh.IhopｅＩ'ｍａwaｋｅtonighｔwhｅntheｆirstｂreeｚesneａksin.Ｗhａtisthepｏinttheｗriｔｅrwａｎtstoｍakeｉntheｐａssage？Weｓhｏｕｌdlearｎtｏsaveｅlectricity.Aｐeacｅfｕlminｄisimportantｉnmodernlifｅ．Weｓhoｕｌdcareaboutｔｈeouｔsidｅｗorldｒathｅrthanｏne’sｉｎneｒworld.Mｏｄernmｅnliｖetｏocomfｏrtablealiｆｅ.Ｔheauthｏrtalｋｓabｏuｔhｅrgrａｎdｍｏｔｈeraｎdherｃｈilｄhｏodtｏshowthａｔﻩpｅopｌeusｅdtoliｖｅahaｒdlife.peｏpleａｔthａttｉmewereｈarｄwｏrking.shehasｌｅarｎedagreatdealfｒｏmｈｅrｇrａnｄｍait’sＯKforpeopletｏlivｅasiｍｐｌeｌｉfe.Ｗhichｏfthefolｌowiｎgｔiｔlebｅsｔsuｉtsthｅｐassａge?WaｉtingforｔheＢreezeAninterestinｇExｐeｒiｅnceLifeaｔＰresｅntandＬifeinthePａstDifｆerｅntTimes，DiffereｎtChildren第二节（共5题;每小题２分,满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出对的的填入空白处，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ｄｏyouwanttｏknowhoｗｙoucansｕｃceedinａnewｓcｈoolｔerm?Hｅreareseveraltipsforyoufrｏmsｏｍｅteacherｓ.Ｕseaｃaｌendarorcharｔ.Wrｉｔedoｗnspｅciａltａsｋs,aｃtivｉｔｉesandiｍpｏｒtantdateｓonacaleｎdar.Tｈishelｐsusｒemeｍbｅｒthinｇｓｙoushｏulｄdo. 16ﻩThen,useｃoｌorfulpenｓｔｏｃirｃleorｄraｗalineｕnderｙourhomework,rｅadingtａsｋsoroｔhｅｒactiｖitｉes.Byｕｓingachａｒt,youlｅarnｈowtoplanｆｏryoｕrｓtuｄies．Bｕｙfｏldｅrsindiｆｆerentcolors.Pｕtyoｕrnotｅbｏoksｉｎdｉfｆerenｔfｏlderｓaｃcordiｎｇtｏthesuｂjecｔ． １7ﻩSｔayiｎgｏrｇａｎizｅdａndｋeepingｅverythingｉnorｄerwilｌprｏｖeverｙｈelpfulinyourlｉfe.18 .ｔheｂookstoreoｒlｉｂraryeveryｆeｗwｅekstofindanewbooｋtoｒead.Ｔｈemoｒｅyougeteｘcｉteｄaboutrｅａｄing，ｔｈemoｒeconfidentｙｏｕwｉｌlbｅcomｅ.Ｊoinallkindsofcluｂsorｓports. 19 ．Joｉningsportｓclubsorothergｒoupactivｉｔiｅsisaｌsｏagoodｗaytｏhelpyouleaｒnhowtogetonwｉthotｈers．Durinｇthｉsprｏcess,yoｕcanlｅaｒｎhowtｏsｏlveproblemsanｄresｐeｃtotheｒs.Doｎ’ｔhesiｔatetｏturntｏｏthｅrsfoｒhｅlp．forhelp.You’reｎeｖｅｒtooｏlｄtoasｋforhelｐ.Ｙoucaｎturntｏyoｕrｔeａcｈerswheｎtｈｅreisaｑuestionaboutｈoｍework,ｐｒojｅcｔsｏrrｅlaｔionsｈiｐswｉthyｏurfamiｌymembｅrs. 20ﻩ．A．Thishelpyouｋeepｐapｅrｓandnｏtesｏｒgaｎized.B.Aｃalenｄａrｓhoｕldalwaysｂeａthand.C.Ｍａkefriendｓwitｎｂooks．caｎａlｗaysthｅretoｈelｐsolveprobｌｅmｓaｎｄｌｉstｅntｏyou.Ｔheyareａlwaysthereｔohelpsoｌｖeproｂlemｓａndlisｔeｎtoyｏu.Sportcanｋeepｙouｆit．importａnttocｏｍmｕnicaｔewitｈｏthｅrteｅnagｅrs.第二部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分４0分）第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分3０分)阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A。B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。“Mynamｅ'sＪｉｍＳhｅｌleyaｎdI＇ｍａnａddict(有瘾的人）.”WiththeｓeworｄsIbegａｎtｏ２1ﻩthｅproblｅm,ｔhepｒoｂｌｅｍofmｙｔelephoneａｄdｉｃtion.Ｉuｓedtocallpeoｐle2２ ,fromｔｈｅmomeｎｔＩwoｋｅuｐtoｔheｔimeIwentｔosleep，I23ﻩtobephoneｄ,Iｗａnｔedtｏphone，Ｊustonemｏｒecall.Evｅrydaystartedｗithafｅwｃalls.Itseemｅd２4ﻩ，juｓtaquickｃhatＧｒaｄuallytｈoｕgｈ，the２5ﻩgｏtwｏrｓe.Ｓoｏｎｉtwas26 usｅ,until,fｉnally，adｄｉctｉon.Ａnditbegantoafｆecｔmy__27ﻩ．DｕringthedaｙIwoｕｌｄdisａｐpｅarfor2８ﻩcalｌ.IｆIcoulｄn＇tｍakｅacａll，Isｐeｎtthewｈoletimewaitingfortheｐhonetorinｇ.Ｇettinｇｍoｒeａndmorｅ29ﻩ,ｉntheenｄ，Iwoulｄriｎgｓomeoｎe,tｈensｏmeonelｅlse，30 mｙseｌｆjustonemoｒｅｃall．Iwasｐhoｎｉngpeopleand３1 messaｇｅsｔomakｅsuｒe３2 ｃａlｌswouｌｄseemethｒｏｕghtｈeｄay.Iusedtｏarｒｉveatfrｉends'homesandbefoｒｅthedｏｏrｗaｓｃｌosed，gostraiｇhtfｏrthephoneｗiththe3３ ＂ＩsitＯKifIjuｓtusｅtｈｅpｈone..．?"Atwｏrｋ,Iｂeｃame34 ｗheｎｍyfeｌloｗｗoｒkersｔriedto35ﻩmefromusingｔｈｅphonｅ.AndonedayIhitmｙｂoｓs(wｉｔhtｈｅphone)．finaｌｌythｅpolｉcｅｃauｇhtme3６ﻩaｐhoneboxtｈａｔhaｄtakemylasｔｏｎepoundｃoｉn,andIwａs37ﻩｔｏｓeeapsychiatriｓt(心理医生).Ihａｖｅn＇t38 ａphoneinthehouseｆoｒthｒｅeweeksｎow,aｎdit'sseｖerａldays３9 Iuseｄaphonｅbｏx..ItrｙnｏttowａtcｈTVbecausetｈereare４０ﻩpeｏpleonｉtｍａdiｎgphｏnecalls.MｙnaｍeisJimSheｌleｙandＩaｍanaddｉcｔ.21.Ａ.faceB.fｉndC.acｃeptD.notiｃｅ2２.A.nowandthｅnB.aｌlthｅtiｍeＣ.aｔhomeD.aｔwｏｒk23.A.triｅｄB.ａskｅdC.waiteｄD.iｎvited２4.Ａ.pｏlitｅB.iｎpoｒtａntC.fiｎｅD.speciaｌ２5.A.conｄｉtionB.sitｕａｔｉonC．rｅsultＤ.efｆeｃt26.A．frequenｔB.regularC.unusuａlD.ｐarticｕlａr27.A.friendｓB．studｙＣ.fａｍilｙＤ.woｒk２8．A.ａquicｋB．ａsｅcrｅｔC.aneｘpeｃtedＤ.ａｎextra29.A.hopefulB.ｄelightedC．frighｔenｅdD．anxiｏus30.A.fｏrｃiｎgＢ.telliｎgC.gｉvｉngD.limｉting31．A.leavinｇB.tａkiｎgC.paｓsingD．recoｒdｉｎg3２.Ａ.ｌongB.iｍmｅdiaｔeC．enoｕghD.surpriｓｉnｇ3３.A.ｓａyiｎgB．dｅmandsＣ.ｗithＤ．woｒｄs34.Ａ．careｆuｌB.ｍadＣ．determｉｎeｄＤ．ｈeｌpless35.Ａ.saveＢ.reduｃeＣ.pｒｏtectD．sｔop３6.A.desｔrｏyingB.usiｎｇC.stealｉｎgＤ.emptying3７.A.offeredB.guidedC.ｏrderedD.reｍinded38.Ａ.miｓsedB.hadC.ｒeceivｅdD．fixed39.A.asB．whｅnC.ifＤ.sｉｎce４0.Ａ.alwayｓB.ｊusｔC.moreD.ｄifｆerｅnt第二节(共10题;每小题1分,满分10分）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的对的形式，并把答案填写在答题卷的相应位置。SｙｄnｅyiｓAuｓtralｉa'sｍostｅｘcitｉｎgcitｙ．ThｅhｉstoryoｆAustｒａliabeginherｅ.ItiｓｔheｂｉgｇeｓtcityinAusｔｒaｌia,4１.ﻩoneoftｈｅmoｓtｂeautifulcitiesinthｅwoｒld.Iｔsｗarｍsumｍercｌimatｅanｄcoolｗｉnterhａvemaｄeitafａvoｒiｔeciｔy．Ｔhereareｔhreethiｎgｓ42．ﻩmadｅSydneyｆａmｏuｓ;itsbeauｔiｆuｌhａrｂor,tｈｅSydneyHaｒｂorＢridgｅ，aｎdthｅSydneyＯperaHｏuse.ＢuttherｅaｒeｍanyｍoｒeｉntｅｒestingtｈiｎgsinＳyｄneｙ:ｂｅａutｉfｕlshopsandrestauranｔs,fｏrexamｐle，ｒowsofintｅｒｅstingoｌdｈoｕses43.ﻩ（bｕiｌd)inthｅ19thcｅntury,ａndeｖeryｗhｅre,thｅsea.Suｍmeｒorwinter,ｄayorniｇhｔ,Sydneyiｓａnoutdｏorcity.Wｈitesandy4４. 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(bｏok)ｈoteｌs47. advaｎcｅ.SomeAmericansthiｎkitiｓveryBｒｉｔish.SomeBrｉtishｖｉsiｔorsthinkitislｉkeAｍerica．Theｒeiｓｓｏmｅ48.ﻩ(true)inbｏthｔheseoｐiniｏnｓ,beｃauseSydｎeｙtakeｓfrombｏthtｈｅOlｄWorldEｕroｐe,anｄｔｈeNewＷoｒldＡmeriｃa,which49.ﻩiｎtoｓｏmetｈｉngthatiｓ50． ﻩBrｉtishnorAmerｉcanbuttrulｙAustraliaｎ.第三部分写作(共１大题,满分２0分）５1．书面表达(共１题;满分20分）假如你是某中学初三学生李华，你的外籍教师Johｎson曾帮助过你学习英语。初中毕业之际，请给已经回国的他写一封电子邮件，感谢他对你的鼓励和帮助。注意:1、词数100左右;２、信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数;3、可适当增长细节,以使行文连贯。Deaｒ