RX高二(上)选修六Unit1Learningaboutlanguage

Unit1ArtLearningaboutlanguage选修六1Findthewordorexpressionforeachofthefollowingmeaningsfromthetext.1.________excellent;splendid2.________purpose;intention3._________sillyorunreasonable4.________trust;strongbelief5.________easilynoticedorunderstood6.____________traditionalsuperbaimridiculousfaithevidentconventionalDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressions7._________roomorbuildingforshowingworksofart8._________basedongeneralideasratherthanspecificexamples9._________methodofdoingorperformingsomething,especiallyintheartsorsciences10.________theartofmakingfigures,objects,etcoutofstone,wood,clay,etcgalleryabstracttechniquesculpture2Completethepassagebelowusingthewordsintheboxinthecorrectform.

predict,adopt,attempt,possess,bycoincidence,agreatdeal,ontheotherhandARETHOSESUNFLOWERSAREALPAINTINGBYVANGOGH?ThemostpopularartstyleinWesterncountriesisImpressionism.Manypeoplewouldloveto______anImpressionistpaintingandspend__________ofmoneytoownone._____________therearealotofpainterswhocan_____theartstyleofanyfamousImpressionistartistandpossessagreatdealbycoincidenceadoptproduceunknown“masterpieces”.Onesuchpainter,OttoWacker,_________tomakealotofmoneyquicklyandpaintedlotsof“masterpieces”inthestyleofVanGogh.ManywereconsideredtobeVonGogh’sownworkbyimportantartcritics.Ontheonehandsomeofthemwerediscovered.________________somefamousartcriticswonderiftherearemanyattemptedOntheotherhandother“masterpieces”hangingongallerywalls.AsamanlookingafterVanGogh’spaintingssaid:"Iwouldnotbesurprisedifthenumber(of“masterpieces”)growstomorethan200.”Sowhocan_______whereandwhenthenext“masterpiece”willbediscovered?predict Pandoraopenedherbox… What’sleftinthebox?Ifshehadbeenwarnedofdanger,wouldshehaveopenedthebox?misfortuneshopeLifeisnotbasedon“ifs”. Manypeoplearenothappybecausetheybasetheirlifeon“ifs”.IfIhadamilliondollars,…ObjectiveYouneedtounderstandthat,inconditionalsentences:1Thesituationisnotreal;itishypothetical2Hypotheticalsituationsareexpressedusingthesubjunctivemood.Ifyoucouldhavethreeofthesepaintingsonthewallsofyourclassroom,whichwouldyouchoose?Haveyoueverwishedyoucouldpaintaswellasaprofessionalartist?Ifyouwereanartist,whatkindofpictureswouldyoupaint?Let’slookatthefollowingsentences.Whatwouldyouratherdo—paintpictures,makesculptures,ordesignbuildings?Why?Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,noonewouldhavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique,wewouldnotbeabletoseethemanygreatmasterpiecesforwhichthisperiodisfamous.…,butwithouttheImpressionists,manyofthesepaintingstylesmightnotexist.Thesearethesentencesthatusesubjunctivemoodfromthetext.Statement:PairworkQuestion:Answer:Ifyougotthechancetotalktothepresident,whatwouldyousay?IfIgotthechancetotalktothepresident,Iwouldaskhimto…Thefoodinourschoolcanteenisterrible.Statement:PairworkQuestion:Answer:Thegirleatsverylittletoloseweight.Ifyouwerethegirl,whatwouldyoudo?IfIwere…,IwouldStatement:PairworkQuestion:Answer:Whatwouldyoudoifyourfatherappearedinthenetbar?Ifmyfather…Myfatherdoesn’tallowmetogotothenetbar.Statement:PairworkQuestion:Answer:Whobeatthetoughguy?Nobody.HadtheSpidermanbeenhere,hecouldhavebeatenthetoughguy.Statement:PairworkQuestion:Answer:Canhefly?No,hecan’t.Theactorwisheshecouldflylikeabird.Statement:PairworkQuestion:Answer:What’sthefact?Thesunlightwillbewithusforever.Shouldtherebenosunlight,therewouldbenolife.Statement:PairworkQuestion:Answer:WhatdoesitmeaninChinese?(法律/法规)要求我们采取措施保护孩子。Itisrequiredthatwe(should)takeactiontoprotectthechildren.realconditionalsunrealconditionalsFive“ifclauses”below:tellthedifferences1.Ifachildbuysthesetoys,heorshewilllearnnothing.2.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.3.Shewouldn't

haveopenedthebox,ifshehad

been

warnedofdanger.4.IfIweretobereborn,Iwouldbeamusician.5.Salesofproductsfallifpricesrise.SubjunctivemoodGrammar一、语气的分类英语的动词一般可带三种不同的语气:陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。虚拟语气的特点1.虚拟语气用以表示假定，想象，愿望等非事实的观念。2.虚拟条件从句中的条件是假设的，因此主句的结论也只能是想象的，非事实的。3.这些特点决定了它必须使用不同于真实句的动词形式。陈述语气

Iwenttothetheatreyesterday.

Jackhadn’tcomebackhomeyet.祈使语气

Let’sgo.

Don’ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.关于陈述语气1What

will

youdoifit

rains

tomorrow?I

will

stayathomeifit

rains

tomorrow.关于陈述语气2关于祈使语气1关于祈使语气2关于祈使语气3关于祈使语气4虚拟语气IfIwereyou,

Iwouldnotleaveheralone.Ourteachersuggestedthatwegotothelibrarythisafternoon.条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来V+

ed(were)had

donewould/could/should/might+V(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.V.+

ed.2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法如果现在不下雨的话,我们就出去野餐了。Ifitwerenotraining,weshouldgoforapicnic.如果他来这儿,他就能够帮助你了。Ifhecamehere,hemightbeableto

helpyou.要是当初她被邀请的话，她就会去参加这次聚会了。Shewouldhavegonetothepartyifshehadbeeninvited.

今天早上，她要是不叫我的话，我就会睡过头了。Ifshehadn’tcalledme,Iwouldhaveoversleptthismorning.

明年我要是二十岁，我就会学法语。IfIweretobetwentyyearsoldnextyear,IwouldtakethecourseofFrench.要是失败了，我会再试一次。Ifitshouldfail,Iwouldtryagain.1.如果你早来5分钟,你就赶上这趟车了。Ifyou_______herefiveminutesearlier,you_________________thebus.2.如果我现在不忙,我就来帮你了。IfI____notbusy,I__________younow.3.如果明天下雪了,我们怎么办？What______wedoifit____________tomorrow?had

gotwerewould

helpshouldweretosnowwould

have

caughtIfI____________

busylastnight,I_______________toseethefilmwithyou.had

not

beenwould

have

goneIfhe

_________

more

carefully,he____________________thecaraccidentyesterday.

would

not

have

had

had

driven

IfI___________(know)yourtelephonenumber,I______________________(telephone)youyesterday.had

knownwouldhavetelephoned二、虚拟语气特殊句型:1.wish的宾语从句现在:

过去时(were)过去:

过去完成时(haddone)未来:

would/could/might+V.(原)shouldIwisheverydayweremybirthday.IwishIhadn'teatensomuchfood.IwishIwouldgrowtall.我现在要是年轻十岁就好了。IwishIweretenyearsyoungernow.我昨天要是遇见他就好了。IwishIhadmethimyesterday.我希望成为一名科学家。IwishIwouldbeascientist.IwishI

were

astallasYaoMing.IwishI

were

abird.Iwisheveryday

were

mybirthday.Iwish/wishedI

hadn’t

eatensomuchwatermelon.

表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。Thepartywasterrible,IwishI

had

nevergonetoit.Iwishit

would

raintomorrow.2.wouldratherthat现在:过去:未来:★

Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.★

IwouldratherIhadn’tcomeyesterday.★

Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时3.asif/though+从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时★

Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.★

Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.★

他们就像多年的朋友一样交谈。Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.★

他看上去像是醉了。Helooksasifheweredrunk.★

她看起来似乎是冰做的。Shelookedasifsheweremadeofice.我们该去睡觉了。4.It’s(about/high)time+that过去时(were)should(不省)+V.你该走了。It’shightimethatyou

went.It’shightimethatyou

were

going.It’shightimethatyou

should

go.It’stimethatwe

wenttobed.It’stimethatwe

should

gotobed.5.表示要求、命令、建议的虚拟语气。使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。常见动词:一个坚持，两个命令，

三个建议，四个要求。即1)insist2)order,command3)advise,suggest,propose4)demand,require,request,askIsuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.注意：如suggest,insist不表示“建议”或“坚持要某人做某事时”,即它们用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“坚持认为”时,宾语从句用陈述语气。1)Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody____(obey)therules.2)Heinsistedthatshe___(be)seriouslyillandthat______(send)tohospitalatonce.obeywasbesent3)Hesuggestedthatwe____(have)ameetingatonce.4)Hispalefacesuggestedthathe____(be)ill.havewas以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气，从句中的动词形式为(should)+动词原形order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request6.

It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/pity/nowonder/impossible+that从句,从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形★我们掌握一门外语是非常重要的。Itis

important

thatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.★很奇怪她竟然拒绝来参加聚会。

Itisstrange

thatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.★

我们有必要努力学习。It’snecessary

thatwe

shouldstudy

hard.7.虚拟语气用于Ifonly引导的感叹句中，“要是……就好了”IfonlyIwereaflyingbird!=HowIwishIwereaflyingbird!要是我看过那部电影就好了！IfonlyIhadseenthefilm!=HowIwishIhadseenthefilm!8.在含有Ifitwerenotfor或Ifithadnotbeenfor条件句的虚拟语气中。Ifitwerenotfortherain,thecropswoulddie.★要不是你的帮助，我们就不可能提前完成任务。Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Butforyourhelp…=Withoutyourhelp…=Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,…9.混合型的条件句当条件从句与主句所表的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。

主句和从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应，这种条件句叫混合条件句。较多见的混合型条件句是从句用过去完成时（指过去行为），而主句用一般时（指目前状态）。★如果他听了我的劝告，他现在会通过考试。Hewouldpassthetest

ifhehadtakenmyadvice.

★假如昨天我对他说了，现在我就知道该怎么办了。IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.★假如我是你，我当时就不会打破那杯子。

IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavebrokentheglass.10.连词if的省略如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were,had和should时,可省略if,把were,had

和should放到从句主语前面去,多见于书面语。★要是没有你的帮助，我就失败了。

Hadyounothelpedme,Ishouldhavefailed.★

假如你处在我的地位，你也会这样干的。

Wereyouinmyposition,

youwoulddothesame.★

假如他们进攻我们，我们就把他们彻底消灭干净。

Shouldtheyattackus,

we’llwipethemoutcompletely.11.incase,forfearthat“以防,以免”Hetookhisraincoatwithhimincaseitshouldrain.=Hetookhisraincoatwithhim

forfearthatitshouldrain.

他带上了雨衣,以防下雨.

12.某些简单句的固定句型：

Heavenhelphim!Godblessyou!Mayyousucceed!LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!1.______hecome,theproblemwouldbesettled.A.wouldB.shouldC.shallD.if2._______,mancouldnotliveatall.A.wereitnotforthesunB.ifitwasforthesunC.haditnotbeenforthesunD.ifitshouldn’tbeforthesunExercisesB

A

3.______.Everythingwouldhavebeenallright.A.hehadbeenhereB.herehehadbeenC.beenherehehadD.hadhebeenhere4.____fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.A.wouldyoubeB.shouldyoubeC.couldyoubeD.mightyoubeDB

错综时间条件句。即假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致。主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自的时间而定。*近几年各类考试中常见的试题类型：IftheUnitedStateshadbuiltmorehomesforpoorpeoplein1955,thehousingproblemsnow

insomepartsofthiscountry______soserious.A.wouldn’tbeB.willnothavebeenC.wouldn’thavebeenD.wouldhavenotbeenA

如果你采纳了我的建议，你现在就会好得多。

Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.如果你之前努力学习了，你现在就是一名大学生，四年后就会大学毕业了。Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow,andyouwouldgraduatefromacollegeinfouryears’time.②假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should,were,had三个助动词，可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。_______sheaman,shemightbeelectedpresident.A.IfwereB.WereC.BeD.IsBIfIhadtime,Iwouldcome.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.HadItime,Iwouldcome.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.③含蓄虚拟条件句。句中有without,or,otherwise,butfor等词隐含某种假设。Ilostyouraddress,otherwiseI_______youlongbefore.A.hadvisited

B.havevisitedC.wouldhavevisitedD.shouldvisitC没有你的帮助，我们就不会实验成功。Withoutyourhelp,wecouldn’thavesucceededintheexperiment.要不是这场雨，我们就完成工作了。Butfortherain,wewouldhavefinishedthework.④常见的几种固定句式。

如Ifonly,insist,suggest及It’stime/

necessary/importantthat从句等等。IfonlyI______

tomyparents’advice!A.listening

B.listen

C.amlistening

D.hadlistenedHissilenceatthemeetingsuggestedthathe_______

toyourplan.A.shouldn’tagree

B.wouldn’tagree

C.hadn’tagreedD.didn’tagreeD

DTheoldprofessorgaveordersthattheexperiment_________before6.

A.wasfinished

B.willfinish

C.befinished

D.shallbefinishedIt’shightimehe________

home.

A.goes

B.went

C.willgo

D.isgoingtogo

Evenifhe_______(be)here,hecouldn’tsolvetheproblem.A.wasB.wereC.beD.isC

B

B

Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit___.A.willrain

B.rainsC.rainedD.israined解析:真实条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。B

Everything_____ifAlberthadn’tcalledthefirebrigade(消防队).

willbedestroyedB.willhavebeendestroyedC.wouldbedestroyedD.wouldhavebeendestroyed

QuizI:Multiplechoice.

weretosinkB.hassunkC.wassinkingD.sunk2.I_____yousomemoney,butIhadn’tanyonmethen.A.wouldlendB.wouldhavelentC.couldlendD.mayhavelent3.Supposingthisship____,doyouthinktherewouldbeenoughlifejacketsforallthepassengers?4.—AreyouthinkingaboutgoingtoHangzhouforthevacation?

—No,butifI_____time,I____verygladtogothere.A.have,willbeB.hadhad,wouldhavebeenC.had,wouldbeD.hadhad,wouldbe5.—SallyfinallygotherefromChicago.

—Ifshe_____earlier,we_____hertothepartythen.

came,wouldtakeB.hadcome,wouldhavetakenC.comes,willtakeD.hadcome,wouldtake1.要是你准备功课再仔细一点的话,你就能通过考试了。

Ifyouhadpreparedyourlessonsmorecarefully,youcouldhavepassedtheexam.2.要是那场飓风发生在晚上的话,将会有更多的人死亡。

Ifthathurricanehadhappenedatnight,therewouldhavebeenmoredeaths.QuizII:Translation.3.IwishI________________(和你在一起)yesterday.4._______________________________________(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票),wewouldhavehadquiteacomfortable