2022-2023 学年高三上学期开学摸底考试英语模拟试题笔试部分

PAGEPAGE10高三上学期开学摸底考试英语试卷模拟试题（ft东版）笔试注意事项：答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在本试卷上无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheDukeofEdinburgh’sAwardhaspickedsomeactivitiestohelpbuildconfidence,independenceandadaptabilityamongyoungsters.SetyourselfaphysicalchallengeLearnsurvivalskillsatSaniResortonGreece’sHalkidikicoast.TheactivityissponsoredbytheBearGryllsSurvivalAcademy.Lessonsincludewaysofhidingoutdoors,seekingroutes,buildingboatsandfindingfoodinthewild.Price:£33.50perday,perperson.SpendtimeinnatureHeadtoEcuador’sMashpiLodgetoexperienceabout6,200acresofcloudforestinanexcellentreserveofthiscountry,flyingthroughthetreetopsontheSkyBikeandDragonflyCanopyGondola.ThetourisguidedbyMashpi’steamoflocalnaturalistguides.Price:£1,030perroompernight,includingtransfers( 换乘)fromQuitoandallmealsandguidedactivitieswithinthereserve.touristsneedtopayforflying.TravelsomewherenewItcanbeparticularlyrewardingforyoungpeoplewhentheystepoutoftheircomfortzone.There’snowherebetterthanthewildsofSouthAfrica.ScottDunn’steenprogrammeoffersanAfricanadventurewithtwounforgettableexperiencestoobservewildanimals,includingatriptoMarakeleNationalPark.Price:£6,000aperson. Experienceadigitaldetox(脱瘾)JoinMetropolitanTouring’sjourneytotheGalapagosIslands.Twinitwithadigitalswitch-off,bookdaytripswithexpertguides,andtravelaroundtheactiveSierraNegravolcano.ActivitiesincludeheadingtoSantaCruzIslandonthehotel’sboat,divingandsurfing.Price:£2,730perperson,doubleoccupancy,includingallaccommodation,returninter-islandflights,toursandmeals.WhatisexcludedfromthechargeforthetraveltoMashpiLodge?Internationalflights. B.Changesofvehicles.C.Touringinthereserve. D.Dietsduringthetravel.Whichactivityismostattractivetowildcreaturelovers?Spendtimeinnature.Travelsomewherenew.Experienceadigitaldetox.Setyourselfaphysicalchallenge.WhatcantouristsdoduringMetropolitanTouring’sjourney?Enjoyaflexibletour.Usespecialdigitaldevices.Learnsomesurvivalskills.Experiencewatersports.BMymomcouldbequiteahandful,whichIhavecometoseeasablessingastheyearshavegonebybutdidnotalwaysappreciatewhenshewasalive,especiallyafterherAlzheimer’sdiagnosis.Thenewscameasnosurprisetouskids,ofcourse.We’dseenourtough,sharp-wittedmomchange.ButMomwasnotabouttotakeAlzheimer’slyingdown.“There’snothingwrongwithme!”sheinsisted,evenaftershesideswipedacop,denieddoingitandthenblameditallonhim.EventuallymybrotherandhiswifemovedMomtoasweetlittlehouseonthepropertynexttotheirssotheycouldkeepaneyeonher.TheybuiltalightedpathbetweenthetwohousessoMomcouldvisitwhenshewanted,whichoccasionallyhappenedat5:00a.m.whenshethoughtitwas5:00p.m.AtChristmas,myToni,wouldhangChristmaslightsalongtheway.Onethingwecouldn’tdowasmakehereatproperly,especiallyaftershenearlyburnedthehousedownmakingtuna金枪)salad.Sowearrangedforaseniormeals-on-wheelsprogramtodeliverhermeals.Atfirstshewouldn’tletthemin thehouse.“Thisisridiculous,”shesaid.“Iknowhowtoeat!”Thensheofferedtohelpthemdelivermealsto“peoplewhoreallyneedthem”.Eventuallysherelented—exceptthatshewouldsimplykeepallthemealsinthefridge,untouched,incaseshehappenedtohavehungryvisitors.Whenwetoldthevolunteersthis,theywerewonderfullywiseandprettysoontheygotMomtoeat.Sheevenadmittedthatthefoodwas“prettygood,considering”.We’reconvincedthegoodnutritionhelpedkeepherinherhomealittlelongerbeforeshehadtoenteracarefacility.SohowproudamIthatourfriendsatVolunteersofAmerica,whichoperatesmeals-on-wheelsprogramsfortheelderlyalloverthecountry?Veryproud.Itwasangels,afterall,whowereabletogetmymothertoeat.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’smother?Shetroubledthefamilyalot.SheneversufferedfromAlzheimer.Shewasawomanlackingintelligence.Shewaseasytogetalongwith.HowdidthefamilyhelpMom?Theylivedtogetherwithher.Theyhadherhousebeautifullydecorated.Theyassistedherincookingmatters.Theyarrangeddeliveredmealsforher.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword“relented”inparagraph5?Panicked. B.Apologized.C.Agreed. D.Responded.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?AngelsonWheelsALessonfromMiserableLifeLivingwithAlzheimerVolunteeringfortheDisabledCOnMonday,December5,onlineretailing零售)giantAmazonannouncedtheopeningofitsfirstphysicalstore.CalledAmazonGo,theSeattle -basedstorethatiscurrentlybeingtestedbycompanyemployees,learnsfromregulargrocerystoresexceptforonething—“JustWalkOut”technology.Allpurchasesarehandledelectronically,whichmeanstherearenocashiers,checkoutsorlines.Shopperssimplytakewhattheyneedandleave.ToshopatAmazonGo,customersneedtoopenanAmazonaccountanddownloadthestore’sAppontotheirsmartphones.Uponenteringthestore,they scanaQRcode()withtheirphonesandbeginshopping.Everyitempickedupgetsaddedtothebillautomatically.Ifthecustomerchangeshis/hermind,allhe/shehastodoisreturnthepurchasebackontheshelf,anditwillberemovedfromthefinalbill.Oncethecustomerleavesthestore,theamountspentisautomaticallytakenoutfromtheAmazonaccountandadigitalreceiptisgeneratedtoremindtheshopperofthetrade.Toprovidebusycustomersapleasantshoppingexperience,Amazon,whichhasbeenworkingonthisconceptforfouryears,planstokeepthestoresizeata“comfortable”1,800squarefeet.Inadditiontotypicalgroceryproductslikebreadandmilk,thestorewillstockready-to-eatbreakfast,lunchanddinneroptions,madebyon-sitechefs.Therewillalsobechef-designedAmazonMealboxesforthosewhoprefertocookthefoodathome.AfteryearsofjointeffortsbyAmazonstaff,AmazonGofinallyopenedin2021.Amazonwillnotprovideanyinsightintothecutting-edge“JustWalkOut”technology.Thecompanywebsitestates,“Thecheckout-freeshoppingexperienceisenabledbythesametypesoftechnologiesusedinself-drivingcars:computervision,sensorfusionanddeeplearning.”WhatistheadvantageofAmazonGooverregulargrocerystores?Storesize. B.Shoppingspeed.C.Productprice. D.Parkingconvenience.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?Whytodownloadthestore’sApp.HowtoopenanAmazonaccount.HowtoshopatAmazonGo.WhattobuyatAmazonGo.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?PeoplecanshopandeatatAmazonGo.Chefswilloffercookinglessons.1,800squarefeetisthebestsizeofgrocerystores.Amazonspentyearsimprovingitsservice.Whatmakespossibletheshoppingexperience?High-technologyproducts.Thehelpofthecarindustry.Thedeeplearningmethod.TeamworkbyAmazonstaff.DDNodoubtthathumanshavewidelychanged,developed,andexploited( 开发)muchofthenaturalworldforourownends.Buthowmuchofthelandsurfaceremainsfreeofouroften-harmfulinfluence?Inanewstudy,scientistscomparedfiguresfromfourdifferentsetsofdatausingdifferentkindsofmethodsandclassification(分类)systemstoanswerthisquestion.Onaverage,theresearcherssayroughlyhalf(48to56percent)oftheworld’slandshows“low”influenceofhumans.Whilethefiguresmayinspiremany—stressingthevastexpanseofsignificantlyuntouchedlandsthatcanstillbeprotectedthroughconservationmeasures—thestudyalsoshowsjusthowmuchoftheEarthhasalreadybeenoccupiedandusedbyhumans.Infact,onlyaboutaquarter(20to34percent)oftheplanet’sice-freelandsurfaceshows“verylow”signsofhumaninfluence,theresearcherssay,andthepartsoftheplanetthatwehaveleftaloneupuntilnowconstitute构成)someoftheleastlivableplacesonEarth.Inotherwords,whetherthroughurbanization,forestry,agricultureorothermeans,humanshaveappliedthemostinfluenceonbiodiverselandthatpresentedripeandeasyopportunitiesforimmediatehumanneeds;incontrast,roastingdesertsintheworld’shottestplaces,orfrozenwastelandsinitscoldestspots,havebeenignored.Evenso,theresearcherssaytheresultsshownheregiveusastrong,clearmarkerthatwecanusetohelpstructureexistingandfutureconservationeffortsbypreventingdisturbanceonexistinglowinfluencedareas,meanwhile,recoveringareasforconservationinlandthathasalreadybeenexploitedtoomuch.“Theencouragingtakeawayfromthisstudyisthatifweactquicklyanddecisively果断地thereisaslimwindowinwhichwecanstillconserveroughlyhalfoftheEarth’slandinarelativelyuntouchedstate,”saysbiologistandleadauthorofthestudy,JasonRiggio.There’sachance,rightnow,todrawalineinthesand,andsay“nomore”.Whywasthenewstudycarriedout?Tofindoutwhyhumansexploitnature.Tofigureoutthelandfreefromhumaninfluence.Toprovehumansareharmfultonature.ToclarifytheEarthisnotoccupiedbyhumanscompletely.Whichplacesareinfluencedmostbyhumans?Woodlesslands. B.Ice-freelands.C.Placeswithbiodiversity. D.Placeswithwarmth.Whatcanwedobasedontheresearch?Makeuseoftheunlivableareathroughdifferentmeans.Removetheinfluenceonthepreviousdisturbedarea.Attempttohavenobadeffectonthe“untouched”land.Reconstructtheoverexploitedlandwithforestandagriculture.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardstheuntouchedland?Itshouldbeurbanizedimmediately.Itshouldbecoveredwithplants.Itshouldbefreefromhumansandanimals.Itshouldbeundisturbedandpreserved.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）余选项。Haveyouevertravelledsomewherewithoutnoticingtherouteyoutookorthepeopleandlandmarksyoupassed? 16 Alotofusrunaroundonautopilot),whichmeanswedothingswithoutbeingawarethatwe’redoingthem,lostinourthoughtsinstead.Mindfulnessisabouttrainingthemindtobeinthepresentmoment—tobemoreawareofwhatishappeningnow,ratherthanwhathasalreadyhappenedorwhatmighthappennext.17 MindfulnesscanbetracedbacktothereligionofBuddhismbutit’snowpracticedbypeopleofallreligions,aswellaspeoplewhodon’tfollowanyreligion.18Becomingmoreawareofthepresentcanhelpusenjoytheworldaroundus.Itencouragesustoappreciatethingswemighttakeforgranted.AccordingtotheUniversityofOxfordMindfulnessResearchCentre,mindfulnesscanteachustospotdifficultemotionsandthoughtsanddealwiththemmoreeasily.19onAnimportantpartofmindfulnessistuningintothefivesenses—beingawareofwhatyoucansee,hear,touch,smellandtaste.Youcantrythisthroughouttheday—forexample,whengoingforawalkoreatingyourdinner. 20 Mindfulnessrequirespractice,andlotsofpeopleonfindthatsittingquietlyandfocusing theirbreathinghelps.Itisaboutobservingourthoughts,feelingsandsurroundings.Thesearetheonlywaystohelpusstayfocusedonthepresent.Maybeyou’veswallowedyourbreakfastwithoutnoticingwhatittasteslike.Mindfulnesscanimproveourconcentration,relationshipsandmentalhealth.Wecanchoosetosetasideourworriesandconcernsthataren’thelpfultous.Despitetheseemotionalbenefits,mindfulnesssometimesleadstophysicalharms.Activitiesthatrequireyoutouseyourhandscanalsohelpyoubecomemoremindful.第二部分语言运用（30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwaswithmyfatherataclinicnearhishomeforaroutinebloodtest.Anelderlywomancameinandsatona 21 roomchair.Shesettledintotheseatoppositemydadandsmiledathimandhesmiledback 22 .Hewas77yearsoldandhadbeenlivingwithAlzheimerdiseaseforseveralyears.It’sadiseasethat 23 yourlovedones,slowly,daybydayandthememorylossispainfuland 24 .ra,edgeeMyHeartWillGoO.erdiseasealsohasa(n)25todamageaperson’spatience,Icouldn’thelpthinkingthatthislittlewomanwasplayingwithfire.Hersingingbegangently.IglancedatDadtoseehis26.Hissmilewasgone,andhewas27rightather.Icouldn’treadhisexpressioninitially,butitseemedtobesomethinglike 28 .Iwonderedifhewaslostsomewhereinhismemory,ormaybehewastryingtofigureoutwhetherthiswassomeoneheshould 29 .Slowly,thewoman’ssinginggotlouderandhereyesclosedwith 30 .NowDadlookedalittleshocked.Still,Iwatchednervously,noticingthe 31 ofanangryoutburstandwasconsideringmyoptionsonhowbestto 32 in.Instead,hisfacechanged,andthetension 33 inhiseyes.Henolongerlookedconfused.Whenhersongendedandthewaitingroombecame34,thewomanopenedhereyes.Mydadwasstilllookingdirectlyather.“Thatwasbeautiful,”hesaid.35,shesmiledandsaid,“Thankyou.”21.A.livingB.waitingC.fittingD.consulting22.A.secretlyB.gratefullyC.slightlyD.coldly23.A.stealsB.destroysC.cheatsD.panics24.A.limitedB.regularC.temporaryD.merciless25.A.expectationB.standardC.tendencyD.symbol26.A.performanceB.responseC.gestureD.message27.A.rushingB.laughingC.pointingD.staring28.A.confusionB.desperationC.blanknessD.caution29.A.worryaboutB.hearofC.datewithD.callon30.A.purposeB.strengthC.emotionD.respect31.A.instructionB.outcomeC.effectD.possibility32.A.stepB.checkC.giveD.join33.A.increasedB.filledC.easedD.divided34.A.delightfulB.silentC.brightD.harmonious35.A.InpublicB.InturnC.InreliefD.Inreturn第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Hotpot,asatraditionalChinesefolkdish, 36 (become)afavoritedishthroughoutChinasinceatleasttheHanDynasty, 37 isparticularlytrueduringwintermonths.Therearedifferent 38 (style)ofhotpotwithdifferentlyflavoredthicksoupinChina,fromspicyhotpotinSichuan,seafood-basedhotpotinGuangdongtomuttonhotpotinHongKong.Nomatterwhatyour 39 (prefer)is,Chinesehotpothassomethingtointerestyou.ThespicyhotpotfeaturedinSichuanisprobablythemostfamousamongthenativeChinese.When40(visit)Chongqing,youwillhave41opportunitytotasteauthentic(真正的)Chinesehotpot.Chongqinghotpotisknownasmálà(“numbandspicy”)due42theinclusionofSichuanpeppersandisuniqueinthetypesofmeatandthetypesofsauce43(use)foritsbase.ThoughtheflavorofChinesehotpotvariesfromregiontoregion,thediningcustomsaresimilar.Hotpotis 44 (typical)servedinametalbowlatthecenterofthediningtable.Asthesoupinthepotiscookedatalmostboilingpoint,theingredients(原) 45 (add)intotheboilingthicksoup.Theingredientscanvaryfromthinly-slicedmeat,vegetables,mushrooms,potatoes,andcabbage,toseafood,fishballsandtofu.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你校英语报SchoolDaily正在征集有关志愿者工作经历的稿件。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：曾经的志愿者工作经历；注意：80左右；请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Kumarwasahard-workingandambitiousstudent inAcademicMagnetHighSchool,whohadapreferencefortheengineeringdesign.Hewasalwayswalkinghomefromschoolandnothingpleasedhimmorethantowalkalongthebusystreetandlookattheglassdoorsoftheshops.Whendoingso,heneverfailedtostoptolookatthelatestlaptopsinthecomputershop.Hewasthinking,“Iwouldlovesomuchtoownthatlaptop.Butnobodywillbuyitforme.”SoKumarthoughthardofwhattodo.Theschoolholidaywascomingupnextweek.Anideastruckhim.Hewoulddooddjobstoearnsomemoney.Yes!Thatwaswhathewoulddo.HishouseisnexttoEastLakeShoreDriveinChicago,wheretherestandvarietiesofcottageswithbeautifulgardens.Itfollowedthathedesignedaplanofworkinginhisneighbors’gardens.First,hewouldapproachthemandaskthemtolethimcleanuptheirgardens.Afterhisfinishingthejob,eachownerwouldprobablypayhim$50or$60.Workinginmorethantengardenswouldenablehimtoaccumulateenoughcashtobuyhisbelovedlaptop.Makinguphismindledtoafeelingofjoyandabrisk)walktohome.Thenextday,hewentaroundhisneighborhoodandaskedtheresidentsifhecouldcleantheirgardens.Heaskedthempolitely,“Excuseme.CanIworkinyourgardenduringtheschoolholiday?”ManyoftheownerswerekindofcuriousaboutwhatKumarwasrequiringandaskedwhy.Havingknownabouthisthirstforalaptop,theyallreplied“Yes”.Theylikedthepoliteboy.SoKumarstartedtoworkinhisfirsthouse.Hewokeupearlythatmorning.Ittookhimthreehourstocleartherubbishandcutthegrass.Itwasnoteasywork.Hehadtocutthegrass.Afterthat,hehadtopulltheweeds.Then,hehadtoarrangetheflowerpots.Thistoughworkwentonforaweek.Consequently,hehadnotimeforgamesoreventowatchtelevision.注意：150左右；Afterthatweek,hisparentsandfriendshaddifferentvoices.BytheendofNovember,hehadsavedupenoughmoney.Afterthatweek,hisparentsandfriendshaddifferentvoices.BytheendofNovember,hehadsavedupenoughmoney.第一部分阅读第一节

参考答案A篇的旅行项目。AMashpiLodgePrice部分中的“Out-of-Ecuadortouristsneedtopayforflying.”可知，国际航班的费用不包括在内。故选A。BScottDunn’steenprogrammeoffersanAfricanadventurewithtwounforgettableexperiencestoobservewildanimals”可知，该活动对野生动物爱好者最具吸引力。故选B。DMetropolitanTouring’sjourney可将解题信息定位至最后一个活动。根据该部分中的“ActivitiesincludeheadingtoSantaCruzIslandonthehotel’sboat,divingandsurfing.”可知，游客可以体验一些水上运动。故选D。B篇愿者们帮助作者一家解决了这一问题的故事。Amomcouldbequiteahandful”和“didnotalwaysappreciate”可知，作者的母亲给家人带来了许多烦恼。故选A。DSowearrangedforaseniorprogramtodeliverher”可知，作者一家为母亲安排了送餐服务。故选D。CIknowhowtotheygotMomto应意为“不再拒绝，终于答应C选项意思相近。故选。A标题概括题。通读全文尤其是最后一段内容可知，文章讲述了作者的母亲因患病给家人带来了许多烦恼，志愿者们帮助解决了母亲吃饭的困扰，作者为志愿者们深感骄傲，认为他们是天使。A项是最适合本文的标题。故选A。C篇本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了线上零售商巨头亚马逊新开的首家实体店AmazonGo及其运作方式。BAllpurchasesarehandledelectronically,whichmeanstherearenocashiers,checkoutsorlines.Shopperssimplytakewhattheyneedandleave.”可知，AmazonGo可以（结账）Go的购物速度是一个优势。故选B。CAmazonGo购物和结账等细节。C项“如何在AmazonGo里购物”能概括本段大意。故选C。 Dprovidebusycustomersapleasantshoppingexperience,Amazon,whichhasbeenworkingonthisconceptforfour在提升自己的服务。故选D。Acheckout-freeshoppingexperienceisenabledbythesametypesoftechnologiesusedinself-drivingcars”可知，这种免结账购物体验得以成为现实，是因为使用了和自动驾驶汽车相同的技术。故选A。D篇本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于人类未开发的土地的研究。Bhowmuchofthelandsurfaceremainsfreeofouroften-harmfulInanewstudy,scientistscomparedfiguresfromfourdifferentsetsofdatausingdifferentkindsofmethodsandclassificationsystemstoanswerthisquestion.”可知，开展新研究是为了查清未被人类影响的土地面积。故选B C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“humanshaveappliedthemostinfluenceonbiodiverselandthatpresentedripeandeasyopportunitiesforimmediatehumanneeds”可知，人类对具有生物多样性的土地影响最大。故选。Cso,theresearcherssaytheresultsshownheregiveusastrong,clearmarkerthatwecanusetohelpstructureexistingandfutureconservationeffortsbypreventingdisturbanceonexistinglowinfluencedareas,meanwhile,recoveringareasforconservationinlandthathasalreadybeenexploitedtoomuch.”可知，我们可以防止对现有究，我们可以试图对未开发的土地不造成不良影响。故选。DwecanstillconserveroughlyhalfoftheEarth’slandnarelativelyuntouchedD。第二节本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了正念的含义、重要性及训练方法。CC故选C。A空前讲正念就是训练你的精神凝聚于当下时刻，即更多地觉察到当下发生的事情，而不是已经发生过或接下来可能发生的事情。A项“它是关于观察我们的思想、感觉和周围的环境的”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。 DD项中的“concentration”与下文“Becomingmoreawareofthepresentcanhelpusenjoytheworldaroundus.”相呼应；Itencouragesustoappreciatethingswemighttakeforlhealtsnhusotdifficultsthoughtsanddealwiththemmore。EE们可以选择将对我们来说没有帮助的担忧放在一边”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。GG项“需要你动手的活动也可以帮助你变得更加专注”符合语境。故选G。第二部分语言运用第一节但最终一切变得很美好的故事。Bhersongendedandthewaitingroom”及语waitingroom室。C考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，这位女士对作者的父亲微笑，父亲也以浅浅的微笑回应。y。Amemorylossispainful”及语境可知，阿尔茨海默病会使人丧失记忆，它会像一个小偷一样慢慢地偷走（患者记忆中）steal意。Dmemorylossispainful”及语境可知，阿尔茨海merciless意为“残忍D。CIcouldn’thelpthinkingthatthislittlewomanwasplayingwithfire.tendency。B考查名词辨析。根据下文中的smilewasgone,andhewas rightather.Icouldn’treadhisexpressioninitially”可知，女士开始唱歌后，父亲的表情发生了变化。由此可推知，此处作者在观察父亲的反应。responseBDdadwasstilllookingdirectlyate。 A考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“Iwonderedifhewaslostsomewhereinhismemory...someonehenolongerlookedconfused.”可知，作confusion意为“困惑，不确定A。B考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，作者想知道父亲是不是陷入了某一段回忆，又或hearof境。故选B。C考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，女士的歌声越来越大，并且她激动地闭上了双眼。nC。DDadlookedalittleshocked.”可知，作者紧张地possibilit