Unit4预习·新知早知道设计

Ⅰ.匹配词义单词匹配第一组() A．adj.相同的() B．n.手势；姿势；姿态() C．n.隔阂；障碍() D．n.面颊；脸颊() E．n.腰；腰部() F．adj.假装的；假的；冒充的() G．adj.内部的；里面的() H．n.推断的结果；结论；推论() I．n.&v．审讯；审判；试验；试用() J．adj.双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的 n．孪生之一；双胞胎之一[答案]1－5BADEC6－10FHGJI第二组() A．adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚() B．n.组成部分；零件() C．vt.把……放低；降低；减少adj. 下面的；下方的；较小的() D．n.趋势；倾向() E．vt.察觉；看待；理解() F．n.&vi.矛盾；冲突() G．n.焦虑；担心；害怕() H．vi.&vt.哭泣；流泪() I．adj.尴尬的；难堪的() J．n.教师；教育工作者；教育家[答案]1－5DCABE6－10HFJGI短语匹配()contrast A．消除；分解；打破()comparison B．推理；推论()inferences C．(与……)相比较()down D．相比之下()otherwords E．(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话 等)；正式邀请()on F．有某种影响；在工作()work G．换句话说；也就是说[答案]1－5DCBAG6－7EFⅡ.默写单词第一组1．contrastn． 差异；对照物vi.&vt. 形成对照；形成对比2．demonstratevt. 表现；表达；说明；证明3．witnessvt. 当场看到；目击；见证n. 目击者；证人4．employvt. 使用；应用；雇用5．interpretvt. 把……理解(解释)为vi.&vt. 口译6．favourvt. 较喜欢；选择；有利于n. 帮助；恩惠；赞同7．bowvi. 鞠躬；点头vt. 低(头)8．gesturen. 手势；姿势；姿态9．barriern. 隔阂；障碍10．fakeadj. 假装的；假的；冒充的第二组1．posen. 故作姿势；(为画像、拍照等摆的) 姿势vi. 摆好姿势vt. 造成(威胁、问题等)2．bendvt.&vi3．assessvt. 评估；评价4.implyvt. 意味着；暗示5．starevi. 盯着看；凝视n. 凝视6．ashamedadj. 羞愧的；惭愧的7．bothervi.&vt. 费心；麻烦；因……操心n. 麻烦；不便8．adjustvt. 调整；调节vi.&vt. 适应；(使)习惯9．occupyvt. 占据；占用10．distinguishvi.&vt. 区分；辨别Ⅰ.选词填空demonstrated，identical，contrast，approved，interpreted，barrier，ceilings，gesture，internal，imply1．Theblackpaintonthedoorprovidesacontrastforthewhitewalls.2．Shethoughtforamomentandthenapproved．3．Allofthosedemonstratedthecorrectnessofhisanalysis.4．Sheworetheidenticaldressonbothoccasions.5．Weinterpretedhissilenceasarefusal.6．Lackofconfidenceisthebiggestbarriertoinvestmentintheregion.7．Hesufferedinternalinjuriesinanaccident.8．Theirfailuretoreplytoourletterseemstoimplyalackofinterest.9．Thegovernmenthasdecidedtoliftpriceceilingsonbread,milkandotherstaples.10．Shewavedusawaywithanimpatientgesture．Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．Theinteraction(interact)ofthetwogroupsproducedmanygoodideas.2．Bycomparison(compare)withLondon,Parisissmall.3．Johnisveryreliable(rely);ifhesayshe'lldosomethinghewilldoit.4．Weshallputthemachinetofurthertrial(try)．5．Thenewmanagercarriedoutanassessment(assess)ofthesalesdepartment.6．Hisexplanations(explain)arealwaysdifficulttobelieve.7．Thateducator(educate)publishedmanyarticlesinthesemagazines.8．There'salotofanxiety(anxious)amongthestaffaboutpossiblejoblosses.9．Hefeltacutelyembarrassed(embarrass)atbeingthecentreofattention.10．Imerely(mere)suggestedyoushoulddoit'snoneedtogetannoyed.1．Weusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractionswithotherpeople.在与他人的互动中，我们用语言和肢体语言来表达我们的思想和观点。2．Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.就像口语一样，身体语言也因文化而异。3．InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.在日本，当你和年长的人说话时，低头可能是对长辈的尊重。4．Therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother,howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto,andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart.我们彼此接触的方式、我们与谈话对象的距离以及我们见面或分手时的行为也存在差异。5．Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。词语助读①expressourthoughtsandopinions表达我们的思想和观点②interactionswithotherpeople与他人的互动③informationabouttheirfeelings有关他们的感受的信息(1)名词性从句whatpeoplearethinking作介词about的宾语；动名词短语watchingtheirbodylanguage作介词by的宾语。(2)theway为先行词，后面是省略了that的定语从句。④justlikespokenlanguage就像口语一样⑤varyfromculturetoculture因文化而异⑥beappropriateto适合⑦makeeyecontact进行眼神交流⑧lookintosomeone'seyes直视某人的眼睛⑨bycontrast相比之下⑩approveof赞成⑪demonstraterespect表示尊敬⑫lookdown低头；向下看(3)that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词away；其中youarein是省略了that的又一个定语从句，修饰先行词theculture。(4)it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语tolookdown；whentalking...为时间状语。⑬witnesses...看到某人正在做某事⑭interpretitasmeaningzero把它解释为零⑮avoidmakingthisgesture避免做这个手势(5)who引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词someone。(6)省略that的宾语从句。(7)现在分词短语作名词person的后置定语。(8)as引导原因状语从句。⑯aroundtheworld世界各地；全世界⑰shakeone'shead摇头⑱bycomparison相比之下⑲havetheoppositemeaning有正好相反的含义⑳kisstheirfriendsonthecheek亲吻朋友的脸颊eq\o(○,\s\up2(21))favourshakinghands更喜欢握手(9)and连接三个how引导的宾语从句，其中wearetalkingto是省略了关系代词whom的定语从句，修饰先行词someone，whenwemeetorpart为时间状语从句。(10)when引导时间状语从句。(11)when引导时间状语从句。eq\o(○,\s\up2(22))havethesamemeaning有相同的含义eq\o(○,\s\up2(23))restthemonthesideofyourhead把它们放在头的一侧eq\o(○,\s\up2(24))incircles绕圈；循环往复(12)and连接两个动词­ing形式一起作主语；whileclosingyoureyes为时间状语。(13)动词­ing形式saying“Iamfull”作介词of的宾语；动词­ing形式moving...stomach作表语。eq\o(○,\s\up2(25))getthroughdifficultsituations渡过难关eq\o(○,\s\up2(26))inaworldofstrangers在一群陌生人中eq\o(○,\s\up2(27))breakdownbarriers打破障碍eq\o(○,\s\up2(28))askforhelp请求帮助eq\o(○,\s\up2(29))makeyourselffeelhappierandstronger让自己更快乐、更坚强eq\o(○,\s\up2(30))feeldownorlonely感到沮丧或孤独eq\o(○,\s\up2(31))nothingbetterthan最好的莫过于；没有什么比……更好(14)if引导条件状语从句。课文呈现LISTENINGTOHOWBODIESTALKWeusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinions①inourinteractionswithotherpeople②.Wecanlearnalotaboutwhatpeoplearethinkingbywatchingtheirbodylanguage(1)．Wordsareimportant,butthewaypeoplestand,holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhands(2)canalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings③.Justlikespokenlanguage④,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture⑤.Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriateto⑥thecultureyouarein(3)．Forexample,makingeyecontact⑦—lookingintosomeone'seyes⑧—insomecountriesisawaytodisplayothercountries,bycontrast⑨,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof⑩.Forexample,inmanyMiddleEasterncountries,menandwomenarenotsociallypermittedtomakeeyeJapan,itmaydemonstraterespect⑪tolookdown⑫whentalkingtoanolderperson(4)．Thegesturefor“OK”hasdifferentmeaningsindifferentJapansomeonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemploying⑬thegesture(5)mightthinkitmeansmoney(6)．InFrance,apersonencounteringanidenticalgesture(7)mayinterpretitasmeaningzero⑭.However,youshouldavoidmakingthisgesture⑮inBrazilandGermany,asitisnotconsideredpolite(8)．Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld⑯.Inmanycountries,shakingone'shead⑰means“no”,andnoddingmeans“yes”．Bycomparison⑱,inBulgariaandsouthernAlbania,thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning⑲.Therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother,howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto,andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart(9)．IncountrieslikeFranceandRussia,peoplemaykisstheirfriendsonthecheek⑳whentheymeet(10)．Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghandseq\o(○,\s\up2(21)),bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse(11)．Somegesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeq\o(○,\s\up2(22))yourhandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadeq\o(○,\s\up2(23))whileclosingyoureyes(12)means“sleep”．Agoodwayofsaying“Iamfull”ismovingyourhandincircleseq\o(○,\s\up2(24))overyourstomach(13)afterameal.Somebodylanguagehasmanydifferentthebestexampleissmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituationseq\o(○,\s\up2(25))andfindfriendsinaworldofstrangerseq\o(○,\s\up2(26)).Asmilecanbreakdownbarrierseq\o(○,\s\up2(27)).Wecanuseasmiletoapologise,togreetsomeone,toaskforhelpeq\o(○,\s\up2(28)),ortostartasuggestsmilingatyourselfinthemirrortomakeyourselffeelhappierandstrongereq\o(○,\s\up2(29)).Andifwearefeelingdownorlon