托福试题练习阅读题及答案

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Geographerssaythatwhatdefinesaplacearefourproperties:soil,climate,altitude,andaspect,orattitudetotheSun.Floridasancientscrubdemonstratesthisprinciple.Itssoilispuresilica,sobarrenitsupportsonlylichensasgroundcover.Itdoes,however,sustainasand-swimminglizardthatcannotlivewherethereismoistureorplantmatterthesoil.Itsclimate,despitemorethan50inchesofannualrainfall,isblisteringdesert.Theonlyplantlifeitcansustainisthexerophytic,thequintessentiallydry.Itsaltitudeisamerecoupleofhundredfeet,butitishighgroundonapeninsulaelsewhereclosetosealevel,anditsdrainageissocriticalthatadifferenceofinchesinelevationcanbringmajorchangesinitsplantcommunities.Itsaspectisflatdirect,brutalandsubtropical.

Floridassurroundinglushnesscannotimpingeonitsdesertscrubbiness.Thisdoesnotsoundlikeanattractiveplace.Itdoesnotlookmuchlikeoneeither:shrubbylittleoaks,clumpsofscragglybushespricklypear,thorns,andtangles.Itappears,Saidoneearlynaturalist,todesiretodisplaytheresultofthemiserythroughwhichithaspassedandispassing.Byournarrowstandards,scrubisnotbeautiful;neitherdoesitmeetourselfishutilitarianneeds.Eventhenameisanepithet,asynonymforthestunted,thescruffy,theinsignificant,whatisbeautifulaboutsuchaplace?

ThemostimportantremainingpatchesofscrubliealongtheLakeWalesRidge,achainofpaleoislandsrunningforahundredmilesdownthecenterofFlorida,inmostplaceslessthantenmileswide.Itisrelictseashore,tossedupmillionsofyearsagowhenoceanlevelswerehigherandtherestofthepeninsulawassubmerged.ThatancientemergenceispreciselywhatmakesLakeWalesRidgesoprecious:ithasremainedunsubmerged,itsecosystemsessentiallyundisturbedsincetheMioceneera.Asaresult,ithasgatheredtoitselfoneofthelargestcollectionsofrareorganismsintheworld.Onlyabout75plantspeciessurvivethere,butatleast30ofthesearefoundnowhereelseonEarth.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

AHowgeographersdefineaplace

BThecharacteristicsofFloridasancientscrub

CAnearlynaturalistsopinionofFlorida

DThehistoryoftheLakeWalesRidge

2.TheauthormentionsallofthefollowingfactorsthatdefineaplaceEXCEPT

Aaspect

Baltitude

Csoil

Dlife-forms

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatsoilcomposedofsilica

Adoesnotholdmoisture

BisfoundonlyinFlorida

Cnourishesmanykindsofgroundcover

Dprovidesfoodformanykindsoflizards

4.Thewordsustaininline6isclosetsinmeaningto

Aselect

Bstrain

Csupport

Dstore

5.Theauthormentionsthepricklypearline12asanexampleof

Avaluablefruit-bearingplantsofthescrubarea

Bunattractiveplantlifeofthescrubarea

Capantdiscoveredbyanearlynaturalist

Dplantlifethatisextremelyrare

参考答案：DCABCAACAD

6.Theauthorsuggeststhathumanstandardsofbeautyare

Atolerant

Bidealistic

Cdefensible

Dlimited

7.Thewordinsignificantinline16isclosestinmeaningto

Aunimportant

Bundisturbed

Cimmature

Dinappropriate

8.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheLakeWalesRidgevaluable?

AItwasoriginallysubmergedintheocean.

BItislessthantenmileswide.

CItislocatedneartheseashore.

DIthasecosystemsthathavelongremainedunchanged

9.Theworditinline21referto

AFlorida

Bthepeninsula

CtheLakeWalesRidge

DtheMioceneera

10.Thepassageprobablycontinueswithadiscussionof

Aancient