初中英语中考复习 06 从句-冲刺2022年中考英语重难考点精讲精练

从句专项总结练习

英语句子分为简单句,并列句和复合句.其中复合句是指通过引导词将两个或两个以上简单句连接在一起的句子.引导词引导的句子就是从句.初中主要学习了_________,____________和___________,此外还有___________,___________,____________(高中学习).从

句宾语从句定语从句状语从句主语从句表语从句同位语从句1.主语+系动词+表语+定语.2.主语+谓语+宾语.3.主语(定语)+谓语+宾语(定语)+状语是一个句子,则是表语从句是一个句子,则是主语从句是一个句子,则是宾语从句是一个句子,则是定语从句是一个句子,则是状语从句同位语的位置是一个句子,则是同位语从句summary:

宾语从句:1.在复合句中,宾语位置是一个句子,这个句子就是宾语从句.______和_____后是宾语.(注意双宾语时,发出宾语从句的动词可能不和从句紧挨着.另外有时发出宾语从句的动词后面可能有副词修饰,这时也不紧挨着,一定要能辨认出来)2.⑴作为宾语从句的简单句是陈述句时,关联词用_______,可省略.

⑵作为宾语从句的简单句是一般疑问句时,关联词用_____________.宾语从句的语序一定是__________语序.

⑶作为宾语从句的简单句是特殊疑问句时,关联词用_______________.宾语从句的语序一定是____________语序.3.关联词that通常可省略.但以下情况不可以省略.⑴__________________________.

⑵_______________________________.⑶_________________________________.that陈述句介词陈述句特殊疑问词动词宾语从句的主语是that

主句和宾语从句之间有插入语if/whether宾语从句是前面动词的直接宾语宾语从句4.作为宾语从句的简单句是一般疑问句时,关联词用if/whether.通常情况下if和whether可以互换,但以下几种情况只能用whether.⑴________________________

⑵_________________

⑶_______________5.学习宾语从句,注意的两大问题⑴

宾语从句的语序一定是___________语序.⑵宾语从句的时态要和主句________________.主句是现在时态,从句_____________________________.主句是过去时态,从句用__________________.具体归纳为:一般现在时变_____________,一般过去时变________________,现在进行时变________________,过去进行时不变,一般将来时变__________________,过去将来时不变.现在完成时变___________________,过去完成时不变.如果是客观真理,用_________________.6.当宾语从句由疑问句充当,而主句和从句的主语一致时,可以写成________

___________的省略形式.宾语从句中有ornot动词不定式前介词后陈述句保持一致该用什么时态用什么时态过去的相应时态一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时一般现在时特殊疑问词+todo宾语从句7.当主句的谓语动词think/suppose/guess/believe/imagine/consider/expect等,而主语又是第一人称时,从句的否定要_________.其反义疑问句与______一致.而主语不是第一人称的与__________一致.Exercise:写出句子的反义疑问句及回答.1.Idon’tthinkhecanswim.(我认为他不会游泳.)Idon’tthinkhecanswim,canhe?Yes,hecan(不,他会)./No,hecan’t(是的,他不会).2.Wethinkheiswrong.Wethinkheiswrong,isn’the?Yes,heis(是的,他是)./No,heisn’t.(不,他不是)3.Theythinkthatthenewsistrue.Theythinkthatthenewsistrue,don’tthey?Yes,theydo(是的,他是)/No,theydon’t.(不,他们不是)4.Hedoesn’tthinkcatsarethecleverestanimals.Hedoesn’tthinkcatsarelovelyanimals,doeshe?Yes,hedoes/No,hedoesn’t.前移从句主句不,他认为/是的,他不认为.表语从句和主语从句1.表语从句:在复合句中,________后面如果是一个句子,这个句子就是表语从句.引导表语从句的连接词有:_____________________________________________________________________等.注意没有if.表语从句引导词后面也是________语序.2.主语从句:在复合句中,主语位置如果是一个句子,这个句子就是主语从句.⑴引导主语从句的词有:__________________________________________________________________________________________等.注意没有if.主语从句引导词后面也是_______语序.⑵为了避免头重脚轻,主语从句可以放在后面,即,______________________________结构,其中that从句是主语,it是____________.⑶句子作主语时谓语动词用_________,除非句子明确表达复数意义.⑷主语从句的时态不受主句时态限制,该是什么时态就是什么时态.⑸引导词that通常和表语从句一样不省略.在句中不充当任何成分,也无词义.whether,who,why,where,when,because,asif,whatwhich,how,that,陈述句形式主语that,whether,who,why,where,when,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,how陈述句Itis+adj./n./pp+that从句单数系动词定语从句1.在复合句中,定语位置是一个句子,这个句子就是定语从句.被定语从句修饰的词或短语叫__________,引导定语从句的词,叫_________________,如________________________________________________________等.关系词指代________,在定语从句中充当一定的成分.2.先行词是人时,关系词在定语从句中如果充当主语,用___________,不可省略.如果充当宾语,关系词可用__________________,可省略.如果关系词后是名词,用_________.表所属关系.3.先行词是物时,关系词用______________,充当主语时不可省略.4.先行词是reason时,关系词用______.5.先行词是时间时,关系词在从句中充当宾语和主语时用_________________,充当状语时用___________或者__________________.6.先行词是地点时,关系词在从句中充当宾语和主语时用_________________,充当状语时用___________或者__________________.who/thatwhich,that,先行词who,why,where,when,which,whom,whose先行词关系词/引导词who/whom/thatwhosewhich/thatwhywhich/thatwhen介词+whichwhich/thatwhere介词+which定语从句7.定语从句中只能用that作关系代词的情况.⑴_________________________________________⑵_______________________________________________________________⑶________________________________________⑷_____________________________⑸_________________________________________________8.定语从句中只能用which作关系代词的情况.⑴___________________________⑵____________________________9.关系词that/which/who充当从句主语时,谓语动词的数和__________保持一致.10.定语从句分为限制性定语从句和_____________________,区别在于非限制性定语从句与主句用________隔开,起补充说明作用.如果没有它,不影响句子完整.先行词有人有物先行词有theonly,thevery,thelast,all,no,little,few,any等限制词主句是以which或who开始的特殊疑问句先行词有序数词或最高级限定先行词是all,something等不定代词时先行词关系代词前有介词时非限制性定语从句逗号先行词本身为that,those等定语从句7.定语从句中只能用that作关系代词的情况.⑴_________________________________________⑵_______________________________________________________________⑶________________________________________⑷_____________________________⑸_________________________________________________8.定语从句中只能用which作关系代词的情况.⑴___________________________⑵____________________________9.关系词that/which/who充当从句主语时,谓语动词的数和__________保持一致.10.定语从句分为限制性定语从句和_____________________,区别在于非限制性定语从句与主句用________隔开,起补充说明作用.如果没有它,不影响句子完整.先行词有人有物先行词有theonly,thevery,thelast,all,no,little,few,any等限制词主句是以which或who开始的特殊疑问句先行词有序数词或最高级限定先行词是all,something等不定代词时先行词关系代词前有介词时非限制性定语从句逗号先行词本身为that,those等状语从句1.句子中充当状语的是句子,这个句子就是状语从句.英语中用来说明地点,时间,原因,目的,结果,条件,方向,程度,方式,伴随状况等的句子成分称为_____.所以状语从句可分为_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,_______________,______________等.状语从句都必须有一个_______来引导,这些连词都是有意义的.2.⑴条件状语从句:引导词有:________________________.含有条件状语从句的复合句中如果主句是_______________________或_______________________,则从句用_____________________,简称”主将从现”.⑵时间状语从句:引导词有:_________________________________________________________________________________等.其中when从句的谓语动词可以是延续性和__________动词.而while从句的谓语动词只能是_________.如果主句和从句都是进行时用_________.as强调_____________._______后通常加过去时的从句,这时主句通常用____________时.bythetime后如果是一般过去时,主句用____________.比较状语从句时间状语从句原因状语从句地点状语从句状语方式状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句目的状语从句连词ifunlessaslongas一般将来时祈使句含有情态动词一般现在时whenwhileasafterbeforeassoonassinceuntill/tillbythetime非延续性延续性的while一边…一边since现在完成过去完成时状语从句含_______,_________,_________,________,______和___________复合句也适用主将从现.⑶结果状语从句:引导词:________,______________和____________._________以致讲时表结果,以便于讲时是目的状语从句.so/such…that往往和too…to,enoughto句型可以转换.Exercise:1.ThisboxissoheavythatIcan’tcarryit.同义句:________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Thisroomissosmallthatwecan’tliveinit.同义句:________________________________________________________________________________________________assoonaswhilebeforeafterwhensuch…thatsothatso…thatsothatuntilThisboxistooheavyformetocarry.Thisboxisn’tlightenoughformetocarry.其宾语在前面,不及物动词后面的介词不要丢掉.其宾语在前面,所以不再+itThisroomistoosmallforustolivein.such…that和so…that的区别同such和so:1._________________________2.________________________________3.______________4.________________________5._______________________________.Thisroomisn’tbigenoughforustolivein.adj.+不可数n/n复数such+a/an+adj.+n单数such+so/such…that后+句子另两个结构to后+(forsb.)+动词原形so+adj./adv.so+adj+.a/an+n单数so+many/much/few/little+n状语从句⑷原因状语从句:引导词有:________,______,_______.回答why时必须用___________.语气最强_________和______不能用于同一个句子.________既然,语气较弱,表间接的附带原因._______由于,语气更弱,表显而易见的原因.⑸让步状语从句:引导词有:________,__________,______________________和________________________________________.___________________和_____不在同一个句子中使用,但可以和_______连用._________还可以作副词,用在句尾.让步状语从句也遵循主将从现原则.⑹比较状语从句:引导词有:___________,______________,________________和______等.Exercise:Tomisn’tas/sohard-workingasTony.同义句:_____________________________________⑺目的状语从句:引导词有:_________和______________,可译成目的是,以便于,为了.⑻地点状语从句:引导词有:__________(在…的地方)等.⑼方式状语从句:引导词有:______________(好像,似乎),_________(以…的方式)soasbecausesincebecauseeventhough/evenifnomatteralthoughthoughbecausesinceasyetbut+特殊疑问词/特殊疑问词everinorderthatalthough/thoughnotso/as…asas…asthesameasthoughthanTomislesshard-workingthanTony.wheresothatasif/thoughtheway一.选择题:1._____isapity_____Ididn’tmeethimyesterday.A.That

that

B.Thisit

C.it

that2.TomcanspeakEnglishverywell,_______heisonlyfour.A.aslongas

B.although

C.asif3.Thegirlis______young________shecan’tlookafterherself.A.sothatB.suchthatC.tooto4.I

willcallyouwhenI_________theretomorrow.A.getB.willarriveat

C.willreach5.Ican’trememberallpeopleandthings_________Ihavemet.A.whichB.whoC.that6.________Igottotheparty,mostofmyfriendhadshownup.A.After

B.AssoonasC.BythetimeCBAACitis+n.+that从句,it形式主语,that从句是真正的主语,主语从句.尽管只有四岁so修饰形容词C时间状语从句,主将从现二空儿后句子,C不行过去完成时的标志先行词既有人又有物,引导词用that7.Dalianisthebestcity________Ihavevisited.A.whichB.thatC.where8.Thefirstpersonwho_________tothelinewillgetagift.A.runB.ranC.runs9.Anotherpopularideais________Stonehengemightbeakindofcalendar.A.whatB.thatC.which10.Wedon’tbelieveitcanbechildrenplaying,______?A.doweB.doyouC.canit11.Iwonderwho_____tocampingwithme.A.youwillgoB.willgoC.gowill12.Iwonderwho_____tocampingwith?A.IwillgoB.willgoC.willIgo13.Hetoldchildrenthatthere_____fourseasonsinayear.A.wereB.wasC.areBCBCB先行词前有最高级,引导词只能用that表语从句,意思完整,that引导A引导词who指代先行词perpson,作主语,单数主句主语一人称,谓语believe,否定前移,反义疑问句跟从句一致.宾语从句的主语是who,所以who后

直接+助动词宾语从句中who作with的宾语,who后陈述句语序客观真理用一般现在时C14.Iwenttomyfavoriteteaplace_______itwastwoblocksfrommyoffice.A.becauseB.sothatC.evenif15.Ijoinedtheothersoutsidetosee________wasgoingon.A.that

B.whichC.what16._______hisfathersaidmadehimthinkcarefully.A.what

B.thatC.which17.Whydon’tyouaskAlicetojoinyou______youdosomethingwithJulie?A.beforeB.eachtimeC.assoonas18._____I’mfrom,we’reprettyrelaxedabouttime.A.whereB.whenC.which19.Wesee_____manyofourfriends_______wecan.A.asasB.soasC.sothat20.Themusicbringsusbacktotheolddays_____peopletrustedeachother.A.whichB.whileC.whenCCABA即使谓语动词前主语从句,主语从句不完整,没有说的内容,填whatA动词后宾语从句,什么正在发生每次,引导时间状语从句我来自的地方,引导地点状语从句尽我们所能先行词是时间,在定语从句中作状语,所以用whenC21._______shewasstudyingabroadinEngland,sheheardasong.A.WhenB.whileC.aslongas22.Couldyoutellme________themeetingwillbeheldtodayornot?A.whetherB.ifC.who23.Whatheneeds_______theshirtofahappypersontowear.A.isB.areC.does24.Basketballisamuch-lovedandactivesport______isenjoyedbymany.A.\B.whatC.that25.BasketballwasinventedbyadoctornamedJames,_____wasbornin1861.A.whoB.thatC.it26.Beingblindissomething_____mostpeoplecan’timagine.A.whichB.thatC.who27.Yesterdayhewenttothevillage_____hisfamilylivesbefore.A.whichB.whenC.whereBAACA过去进行时,用while主语从句,句子作主语当三单B和whether连用引导词指代先行词sport,作定语从句的主语,不能省略非限制性定语从句,先行词是人,用who,不用that先行词是不定代词,引导词用that指代先行词village,作定语从