上海民办震旦中学2021年高三英语模拟试题含解析

上海民办震旦中学2021年高三英语模拟试题含解析一、选择题1.----Howmuchbreadisthere?----_______.IwishIcouldofferyousome.A.Nothing

B.All

C.None

D.Any参考答案：C2.Thequestionwillprobably_______atthemeeting.A.raise

B.becomeup

C.comeup

D.comeupwith参考答案：C3.UsingAI,manycompaniesarenowconductingexperimentsthat___possiblejustafewyearsago.A.wouldhavebeen

B.mighthavebeenC.shouldn’thavebeen

D.couldn’thavebeen参考答案：D【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。根据“afewyearsago”可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldn’thavedone，故D项正确。4.

Itwas_____hecamebankfromAfricathatwear_________hemetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.A.when;then

B.not;until

C.notuntil;that

D.only;when参考答案：C

解析：本题考查的是强调句型。根据Itis……that结构可知。5.Theguardneglectedhisduty,thus

himselfthejob.

A.tocost

B.havingcost

C.costing

D.cost参考答案：C略6.--Whoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident?--Theboss,nottheworkers.Theyjustcarriedouttheorder___________.A.astold

B.asaretold

C.astelling

D.astheytold参考答案：A7.Myunclehasalargegreenhouseinhisgarden______hegrowsvegetablesinwinterA.which B.where C.when D.whose参考答案：B考查引导定语从句的关系代词的用法。题意为“我叔叔的花园里有个大型的温室大棚。冬天他在里面种植蔬菜。”A引导的定语从句修饰事、物；B引导的定语从句修饰地点；C引导的定语从句修饰时间；D引导的定语从句表达所属关系。本题的先行词“花园”是个地点。故答案为B。8.Theseproblems,

，willseriouslyaffectthegrowthofteenagersandeventhenation’sfuture.A.notifsolvedproperly

B.ifsolvedproperlyC.notifproperlysolved

D.ifnotsolvedproperly参考答案：D【考查方向】考查状语从句的省略用法。句意：这些问题，如果不妥善处理的话，将严重影响青少年的成长，甚至影响国家的未来。句子的主语是solve的动作承受者。从句完整的形式为“iftheyarenotsolvedproperly”，因为主从句主语一致且从句中有be动词，可以把从句中的主语和be动词一起省略。故选D。9.Itisadifficultproblemforhighschoolstudents

theycanproperlyusetheInternet． A．what

B．where

C．when

D．whether参考答案：D10.—Doyoumindifwelookinhere?—I’mafraidyoucan’t.It’s______.A.private

B.official

C.formal

D.individual参考答案：A11.____youinterruptnow?Can’tyouseeI’monthephone?

-SorrySir,butit’surgent.

A.Can

B.Should

C.Must

D.Would参考答案：C略12.Attheconference,therewas______agreementamongtheexpertsontheissueofenvironmenteducation.

A.detailed

B.unique

C.universal

D.separate参考答案：C13._____sufficienthistoricalandlegalgrounds,China'spositionontheSouthChinaSeahasbeenconsistentandclear.A.Associatedwith

B.Basedon

C.Centeredaround

D.Assessedby参考答案：B【命题立意】考查形容词的用法。句意：以充足的历史和法律为根基，中国在中国南海的位置已经是一贯和明确的。associatedwith和……有联系；basedon以……为基础；centeredaround围绕；assessedby被评估。故判断选B。14.Mike’scoffeeshoponBakerstreet,_____usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusiness.A.that

B.what

C.which

D.who参考答案：C略15.---Doyouknowthegreatchangeshappeninginourvillageatall?---No,it’sthefirsttimeI________here.A.was

B.came

C.havebeen

D.amcoming参考答案：C16.—DoyouthinkGeorgehaspassedthedrivingtest?—No.Ifso,he_____hiscartoourcollegeyesterday.A.woulddrive

B.drove

C.wouldhavedriven D.haddriven参考答案：C17.Toasmallandfarawaytownlikethis,acaraccidentisalwaysconsidered________interest,sopeoplesoongatheredaround.A.as

B.by

C.of

D.in参考答案：C18.Lookingthroughthewindow，shefoundtheboss

inhisroutinework．

A．lose

B．lost

C．tolose

D．havinglost参考答案：B略二、短文改错19.假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Ithinkuniversitylifeareatimeforlearningandexperiencingnewthings.Icanmeetotheryoungpeoplelikemefrommanydifferentplaceandmakelotsoffriends.Iwillprobablyliveawayhomeduringthistime,andIwillpromoteindependence.Studyingatuniversitywillbequitedifferencefromstudyingathighschool.Imaynothavesomanyhomeworktofinisheveryday,andIwillspendmuchmoretimedowhatIlove.Iknowthatatanyuniversityherearedifferentassociationsorclubsorganizedbystudents.IwanttojoininafilmclubandachessclubbecauseIhaveinterestinthem.Theseclubscanmakeyourlifeinterestingbuthelpmemakefriends.参考答案：Ithinkuniversitylifeareatimeforlearningandexperiencingnewthings.Icanmeetother

isyoungpeoplelikemefrommanydifferentplaceandmakelotsoffriends.Iwillprobablyliveaway

places

∧homeduringthistime,andIwillpromoteindependence.Studyingatuniversitywillbequitefrom

differencefromstudyingathighschool.Imaynothavesomanyhomeworktofinisheveryday,different

much

andIwillspendmuchmoretimedowhatIlove.Iknowthatatanyuniversityherearedifferent

doing

there

associationsorclubsorganizedbystudents.Iwanttojoininafilmclubandachessclubbecause

in

Ihaveinterestinthem.Theseclubscanmakeyourlifeinterestingbuthelpmemakefriends.

my

and三、阅读理解20.

Conceptsfromscienceandnaturearefilledwithourlanguage’scommonphrases,idiomsandspokenexpressions.Theunbelievingexpression“Well,I’llbeamonkey’suncle”hasitsorigininbitterdisbeliefoverDarwin’swritingsonevolution.Thesecolourfulexpressionsbringspice(趣味)toourlanguage.Yetcertainwell-usedphrasesfromsciencearejustplainwrong!Someareobvious,yetweusethemanyhow.Forexample,apersonwhoacutelyshakesherheadandsays“Awatchedpotneverboils”whileyouarewaitingsecondaftertiringsecondfortestresultstoarriveorjobofferstocomeinknowsthatifshesatdownandwatchedapotcontainingwateronastoveoverhighheatforlongenough,thewaterwilleventuallyboil.However,afewphraseshavelessobviousscientificinaccuracies.Hereareafewforyoutoconsider.Onceinabluemoon:Thispoeticphrasereferstosomethingthatoccursextremelyrarely.Abluemoonisthetermcommonlyusedforasecondfullmoonthatoccasionallyappearsinasinglemonthofoursolar-basedcalendars.Theproblemwiththephrase,however,isthatbluemoonsarenotsorare.Theyhappeneveryfewyearsatleast,andcanevenhappenwithinmonthsofeachotherwhenthe29.5-daylunarcycleputsthefullmoonatthebeginningofanymonthbutFebruary.Theusageof“bluemoon”asthesecondfullmooninamonthdatesbacktoa1937MarineFarmer’sAlmanac.Butbeforethat,bluemoonsmeantsomethingslightlydifferent.Typically,12fullmoonsoccurfromwintersolsticetothenextwintersolstice,butoccasionallyafourthfullmooninaseasoncouldbeobserved.Insuchacase,oneofthefourfullmoonsinthatseasonwasknownas“blue”.Wherethere’ssmoke,there’sfire:Thephrasemeansthatifsomethinglookswrong,itlikelyiswrong.Butlet’sstepback.Doyoualwayshavetohavefireifyouseesmoke?Answeringthatfirstrequiresdefining‘fire”,Merriam—Webster’sfirstdefinitionoffireis“thephenomenonofcombustionmanifestedinlight,flameandheat”.Combustionisthechemicalreactionthatoccurswhenfuelisburnedinthepresenceofoxygen---denyingafireanyofthesethreethingswillstopthefire;attemptingtostartafirewithoutanyoneofthethreethingswillbeimpossible.Incompletecombustion---whatoccurswhenyoulightagasstove---thefireproducesnosmoke.However,whenmostmaterialsareburned,theyhaveincompletecombustion,whichmeansthatthefireisn’tabletocompletelyburnallofthefuel.Smoke,then,canbeconsideredtobeaproductofpyrolysis(高温分解)ratherthanoffireitself.You’reprobablythinking---sowhat?Togetthesmoke,afireneededtobepresentatsomepoint,right?Notalways.Diamondsareforever:ThankstotheDeBeersslogan,decoratingyourhoney’sneck,wristsandfingerswithdiamondsmeanstrueandtimelesslove.Ofcourse,noobjectthatyoucanholdinyourhandcanlastforever.Butdiamondshaveaspecialreasonforbeingincapableoftimelessness.WithouttheextremepressuresofthedeepEarthwheretheyformed,adiamondwillslowlyturnbackintographite(石墨),whichiswhytheolderadiamondis,themoreinclusionsit’slikelytohave.Whatcommonphrasespushyourbuttonswhenviewedunderthemicroscopeofscience?Areyoucuriousaboutthehiddenknowledgeofsome“big”phrases?Orperhapsyouhavetheabilitytouncoverthesecretofsomeunscientificphrases?Letusknow!59.Accordingtothepassage,thebluemoon_________.A.appearsatthebeginningofamonthB.gainsitsmodernmeaningbefore1937C.presentsitselfquitefrequentlysometimesD.canneverbeseenbypeopleinFebruary60.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.theolderadiamondis,themorevaluableit’slikelytobe.B.FireisnotnecessarilycausingsmokeC.SmokeisaproductofcompletecombustionD.thelessobviousscientificinaccuraciesofsomephrasesmakethemmoreuseful61.Theunderlinedphrase“pushyourbuttons”inthelastparagraphmeans“_______”.A.impressyoualot

B.frightenyoumuch.C.surpriseyougreatly

D.makeyouloseyourinterest62.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthescientificinaccuraciesofthephrasesis________.

A.indifferent

B.objective

C.critical

D.favourable参考答案：CBAD本文为说明文，主要讲述生活中一些不符合科学原理的句子或短语，同时介绍了这些句子或短语背后的信息。59.C60．B考查细节理解。从倒数第三段最后一句“Smoke,then,canbeconsideredtobeaproductofpyrolysis(高温分解)ratherthanoffireitself.You’reprobablythinking---sowhat?Togetthesmoke,afireneededtobepresentatsomepoint,right?Notalways.”，可知，有烟不一定会有火。故选B。61．A考查词义猜测。从最后一段第二句“Areyoucuriousaboutthehiddenknowledgeofsome“big”phrases?”可知，往往印象深刻的事情会引起好奇。故选A。21.Imagineyouareopeningyourowncompanyandwanttohireamanager.Youhavetwocandidatesandtheyarebothcapableandexperienced,sowhowouldyouratherhire:Julia

WatsonorShobhaBhattacharva?ChancesarethatyouwouldpreferWatson,right?Butwhy?“Easynamesareevaluatedasmorefamiliar,lessriskyandlessdangerous,”ErynNewman,ascientistatVictoriaUniversityofWellington,NewZealand,toldScientificAmerican.Asaresult,peoplewitheasiernamesareoftenassumedtobemoretrustworthy.ThisiswhatNewmanandherteammateshavefoundintheirrecentstudy.Intheexperiment,theypicked18differentforeignnames,includingdifficult-to-pronounceoneslikeYevgeniDherzhinskyandeasynameslikeBodoWallmeyer.Theythenattachedeachnamewithastatementsuchas“turtlesaredeaf”and“giraffesaretheonlymammalsthatcannotjump”andaskedvolunteerswhethertheythoughttheclaimsweretrue.Theresultsshowedthatclaimsconnectedtoeasiernamesweremoreoftenrankedasbelievablethanthoseattributedtodifficultnames,regardlessofwhatthetruthreallywas.Infact,previousstudieshavealreadyfoundthatourjudgmentsaboutproductscanbeaffectedbytheirnames.Forexample,wetendtothinkofafoodadditive(添加剂)withaneasiernameassaferandastockwithaneasiernameasmorelucrative(利润丰厚的)，accordingtoMedicalDaily.Butresearcherspointedoutthatthiseffectcanchangedependingonwheresomeonecomesfrom.Forexample,anativeBritishmanmayfind“YevgeniDherzhinsky”hardtopronouncewhileRussianpeoplecouldsayitwithouteffort.Newmanhopesthatthisfindingcanmakeusbetterseeourbiases(偏见).It’snotjustunfairtopeoplethatwemakejudgmentsbasedongutfeelings(直觉)ratherthanfacts,anditcansometimeshaveseriousconsequences.Forexample,wemaychoosetobelievecertaineyewitnessesincourtsimplybecausetheirnamessoundmoretrustworthyeveniftheyareactuallylying.Or,wemayletgoofqualifiedjobcandidatesduetotheir“difficult”names.Now,ifyoucouldmakethatdecisionagain,wouldyoustillpreferJuliaWatsontoShobhaBhattacharva?8.WhatdidNewmanandherteammatesdiscoverintheirexperiment?A.Volunteerswitheasiernamesweremorelikelytochoosetrueclaims.B.Adifficultnamedoesn’tinfluencethewaythevolunteersviewedtheclaims.C.Volunteerstrustedclaimspairedwitheasynamesmoreoften.D.Volunteerstrustedclaimsconnectedwithdifficultnames.9.Theunderlinedwords“thiseffect”inParagraph5refertotheeffect______.A.nameshaveonpeoplesjudgmentsB.gutfeelingshaveonpeoplefromdifferentplacesC.ofdecisionsmadebasedonfactsD.ofpeople’sbiasesagainstcertaintypesofpeople10.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A.Weshouldthinktwicebeforewemakeadecision.B.Theharderyournameistopronounce,themorelikelyitisyouwillgetajob.C.Judgingpeoplebasedontheirnamesmaycauseseriousproblems.D.Russianshavelessbiasagainstpeople’snamesthantheBritish.11.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthetext?A.NamesAffectProductsB.EmployersPreferShobhaBhattacharvaC.DifficultNamesareTrustworthyDEasyNamesWinOut参考答案：8.C

9.A

10.C

11.D【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了最近研究发现名字简单的人通常被认为更值得信任。文章同时说明了实验过程以及研究人员指出这种影响可能会随着一个人来自哪里而改变，和这种影响可能会导致的问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中Theresultsshowedthatclaimsconnectedtoeasiernamesweremoreoftenrankedasbelievablethanthoseattributedtodifficultnames,regardlessofwhatthetruthreallywas.（结果表明，与难记的名字相比，与容易记的名字相关的说法更容易被认为是可信的，不管事实真相是什么。）可知纽曼和她的队友发现，在实验中志愿者更相信与简单名字配对的说法。故选C。【9题详解】词义猜测题。结合第四段中Theresultsshowedthatclaimsconnectedtoeasiernamesweremoreoftenrankedasbelievablethanthoseattributedtodifficultnames,regardlessofwhatthetruthreallywas.Infact,previousstudieshavealreadyfoundthatourjudgmentsaboutproductscanbeaffectedbytheirnames.（结果表明，与难记的名字相比，与容易记的名字相关的说法更容易被认为是可信的，不管事实真相是什么。事实上，之前的研究已经发现，我们对产品的评价会受到产品名称的影响。）以及划线单词下文canchangedependingonwheresomeonecomesfrom.可知第5段下划线的“这种影响”是指人名对人们的判断所产生的影响。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容Now,ifyoucouldmakethatdecisionagain,wouldyoustillpreferJuliaWatsontoShobha