Unit-5-单元语法：同位语从句-导学案

Unit5单元语法：同位语从句导学案【使用说明及学法指导】（1）5分钟检查学生背诵课前探究的句子的情况。（2）10分钟让学生合作探究自主探究部分的内容并展示和点评；（3）10分钟让学生讨论关于同位语从句的知识，并分组展示；（4）10分钟让学生巩固落实、当堂检测。（5）10分钟教师点评，总结，反刍。【学习目标】(1)通过自主学习和合作探究学习和掌握同位语从句的特点和用法。(2)学会区别同位语从句与定语从句。（3）培养学生语法学习的策略和合作学习的习惯。（4）激情投入，高效参与课堂，体验学习英语的快乐。Ⅰ.【自主探究】背诵并探究下面的句子。分析句子的结构，然后找出主句和从句，说出从句属于哪种从句。1.Thethoughtthattheycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.主句为：_______________________________________________从句属于：________________________2.SomepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefactthatCanadais5,500kilometresfromcoasttocoast.主句为：___________________________________________________________________________从句属于：________________________3.TheirnextstopwasCalgary,whichisfamousfortheCalgaryStampede.主句为：____________________________________________________________________________从句属于：________________________4.Theywentthroughawheat-growingprovinceandsawfarmsthatcoveredthousandsofacres.主句为：____________________________________________________________________从句属于：______________________5.ThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatLakes.主句为：_________________________________________________________从句属于________________________Ⅱ.【合作探究】1、仔细观察下面的句子，研究这些句子的特点：①Theideathattheearthisroundisnotanewone.地球是圆的这种观点并不新鲜。②Nextcomesthequestionwhatyouwanttoputinthebox.其次是这个问题：你要在盒子里放些什么？③Nobodycanexplainthemysterywhyhesuddenlydisappeared.没人能解开这个谜：他为什么突然消失了？④Theproblemwherewegetenoughmoneyhasnotbeensettled.这个问题仍没有得到解决：我们该从哪儿搞到足够的钱？⑤Thewholetruthcameoutatlastthatitwasawolfintheclothingofsheep.真相终于大白了，它原来是一只披着羊皮的狼。2、分析同位语从句的特点：(1)同位语从句定义：_______________________________________________________.（2）同位语从句的位置：_____________________________________________________.(3)同位语从句中的名词:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(4)同位语从句的连接词有:___________________________________________________（5）同位语从句和定语从句的区别：①__________________________________________②____________________________________________________________________________【自主探究】1.Awarmthoughtsuddenlycametome_____Imightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother.A.ifB.whenC.thatD.which2.NewscamefromtheschoolofficeA.thatB.whatC.whichD.where3.IhavesomedoubtA.if___WangLinhadalreadybeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity._hecanworkoutthedifficultproblem.B.whether.C.thatD.why4.Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidence(证据)_________smokingcanleadtomanydiseases.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.that5.Thereisacommonbeliefamongthem__rubbishcanbeputtogooduse.A.whichB.ifC.thatD.whose6.Theidea___computerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that7.Weshouldconsidertheirrequesttheschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where8.--Isthereanypossibility--Noproblem.youcouldpickmeupattheairport?A.when9.Nobodybelievedhisreasonforbeingabsentformtheclass________hehadtomeethisuncleattheairport.A.whyB.whichC.thatD.becauseB.thatC.whetherD.what10.Isthisthereason________atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheThereisnodoubtshewillbethereontime.C.ifD.whenA.thatB.whether【巩固练习】1.Thereason________hedidn’tcomeis________hewasill.A.why；thatB.that；whyC.why；becauseD.why；what2.Theshockingnewsmademerealize________terribleproblemswewouldface.A.whatB.howC.thatD.why3.Idon’tlike________whenyoushoutatmeangrily.A.thatB.itC.thisD.any4.Iamsatisfied________shouldbedonehasbeenalreadydone.A.what;that5.Isit，inyouropinion，possible________newmeasureswillbetakentoimprovetheterribletraffic？A.whetherB.whatC.whenD.that6._______BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.WhomB.whatC.that;whatD.that;which7.Havingcheckedthedoorswereclosed，and________allthelightswereoff，theboyopenedthedoortohisA.whyB.thatC.whenD.wherebedroom.8.—I’mafraidIhavetogiveitup.—Don’tbediscouraged.Remember________stickstohisworkwillsucceedoneday.A.anyoneB.whoC.whoeverD.thatwhoever9.WorldAIDSDayisalsoimportantinremindingusthatHIVhasnotgoneaway，and________therearemanythingsstilltobedone.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.不填10.Iwasclosetobeingkilledtheotherday.Acarpassedmeat________Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.asB.whichC.thatD.what【书面表达】请根据下面的要点提示，写一篇100字左右的英语作文，介绍加拿大。1、位于北美洲的北部,是世界第二大国，东邻大西洋，西邻太平洋。2、面积约997平方公里，人口2900万；3、是个多元化国家，官方语言为英语和法语；4、有丰富的自然资源，如森林、煤、天然气；淡水资源占世界1/3。LocatedinthenorthofNorthAmerica,Canadaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworld.CanadaissurroundedbytheAtlanticontheeastandthePacificonthewest.Itcoversanareaofabout9984,670squarekilometers,withapopulationslightlyover30million.Canadaisamulti-culturecountry,withEnglishandFrenchasitsofficiallanguages.Canadaisknowntoberichinnaturalresources,suchasforest,coalandnaturalgas.Canadahasonethirdoftheworld'sfreshwater.Canadaisaverybeautifulcountrythatiswellworthvisiting.1.解析第一空填入的连词引导的是定语从句，修饰thereason，故用why；第二空是表语从句，从句中不缺少主要成分，故填that。2.解析填入连词引导宾语从句，从句中名词problems缺少定语，故填what，whatterribleproblems作从句中动词face的宾语。3.解析动词like后面不能直接跟从句，需要用it作形式宾语再跟真正的宾语从句。4.解析satisfied后面从句中包含两个主语结构，故有两个从句，所以需要有两个连词，故排除B、D两项，且hasbeen的主语是________shouldbedone，为主语从句且缺少主语，故先填入连词what引导主语从句，其后才是that引导的宾语从句，所以答案为C。5.解析句意为：在你看来，采取新的措施改善糟糕的交通是可能的吗？it为形式主语，后面的从句为真正的主语，且从句中不缺少句子成分，故D项正确。6.解析填入的连词引导主语从句，且从句中缺少动词offer的宾语，故选择what引导主语从句同时在从句中作宾语。7.解析句意为：检查完门已关好并且灯都熄灭之后，这个男孩才打开门来到卧室。havingchecked后有两个宾语从句，因为句意完整不缺少成分，故用that引导。第一个从句中that可省，但第二个that则不可省略。8.解析remember后面的从句中有两个主谓结构，故需要两个连词，that引导宾语从句，whoever引导主语从句作动词willsucceed的主语，此时that不可省略。9.解析考查有多个宾语从句时，第二个和以后的从句中的that不能省略。thatHIVhasnotgoneaway，andthatthereare...是remind的两个并列宾语从句。10.解析此句是what引导的宾语从句。what在从句中作主语，Ithought是插入语。介词后不跟that引导的宾语从句，C项错误；句中无先行词，不是定语从句，B项错误。任务一：同位语从句的基本用法一、定义跟在名词后，进一步说明该名词的具体内容，做同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。二、同位语从句一般跟在某些名词（主要是抽象名词）的后面，用于解释或说明前面名词的内容。不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语从句，常可以跟同位语从句的名词有：belief信念，相信advice建议doubt怀疑fact事实hope希望news消息idea主意，opinion观点possibility可能性thought想法wish愿望truth事实question问题problem问题promise答应，诺言reply答复report报道suggestion建议order命令三、连接词1.引导同位语从句的连接词主要有从属连词that（不用which），whether（不用if）。如果同位语从句意义完整，不缺少句子成分，常用that引导；以及连接代词who,which,what和连接副词when,where,why,how等。if一般不引导同位语从句。在同位语从句中that,whether不作成分，whether表示“是否”，其它连接词具有实义，同时在同位语从句中做一定成分。引导同位语从句的连接词that,whether一般都不省略。Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.他必须回答他是否同那件事这样一个问题。2.连接代词who,what和连接副词when,where,why,how等引导的同位语从句中，引导词在从句中作相应的成分。注意事项；（1）同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所要说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开，这种从句叫作分隔式同位语从句。这种分隔主要出于修辞原因，即为了保持句子结构平衡。高考题回放：Newscamefromtheschoolofficethepresidentwouldvisitourschool.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where解析：news后面跟了同位语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分，而且含义也完整，所以用that引导。句意为：“从学校办公室传来消息说总统要来访问我们学校”。Thereportthathewasgoingtomarrywasfalse.他将结婚的报道是假的Wehaveproofthathewaswrong.我们有证据证明他错了。Ihavenoideawhysheislateforschool.我不知道她为什么上学迟到。Thereissomedoubtwhetherhewillcomeontime.对他是否会在准时到有一些怀疑。五、学习同位语从句应注意的要点（1）表达“是否”的概念时，必须用whether而不用if引导同位语从句。Ihavenoideawhetheryouareinterestedinworkingforher.我不知道你是否有兴趣为她工作。(2)在某些名词后的同位语从句中，其谓语动词应用虚拟语气即：should+动词原形。常见的此类名词有：advice,order,demand,suggestion,request,decision等。Thesuggestionthatanewbridge(should)bebuiltwasaccepted.修建一座新桥的建议被采纳了。（3）名词doubt(怀疑)后的同位语从句用whether引导；nodoubt(无疑)之后的同位语从句用that引导。Wehavesomedoubtwhethertheycancompletethetaskontime.我们怀疑他们是否能按时完成任务。Thereisnodoubtthatsheiscorrect.毫无疑问她是对的。六、同位语从句与定语从句的区别：1.同位语从句属于名词性从句，它对先行词作进一步的解释或补充说明；而定语从句则属于形容词性从句，它对先行词起修饰或限制的作用。TheforeignerexpressedthehopethathewouldcometoChinaagain.那位外国人表达了再次来中国的愿望。（从句）Iwillrememberthehopethattheforeignerexpressedtome.我将记住那位外国人向我表达的愿望。（从句）2.同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词，而定语从句的先行词无此限制。Thepossibilitythatscien